POWER-GENERATING BUILDING MATERIALS AND PREPARATION PROCESS THEREOF

Abstract

Disclosed are a power-generating building material and a preparation process thereof. The power-generating building material applies the artistic appreciation and protection performance of an optical adjustment layer to the field of solar cells, so that the architectural art and power-generating performance are integrated to meet the requirements for green buildings and environmentally friendly buildings. The outer surface formed by a surface layer after curing is beautiful in texture. The power-generating building material has the texture and quality of a building material, is rich and diverse in expression form, without changing the architectural style and urban landscape, and has a broad application prospect.

Claims

1-10. (canceled)

11. A power-generating panel, comprises a substrate, a power-generating layer and an optical adjustment layer, wherein the optical adjustment layer comprises an optical medium phase and a texture phase: the texture phase is dispersed in the optical medium phase or the texture phase is distributed on a surface of the optical medium; and the optical adjustment layer has a weighted average transmittance of 10% to 85% in a wavelength range of 380 nm to 1,250 nm, and a thickness of the optical adjustment layer is 0.01 mm to 10 mm.

12. The power-generating panel of claim 11, wherein the optical adjustment layer has a weighted average transmittance of 40% to 85% in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 1,250 nm, a water vapor transmission rate of 0% to 0.5%, and a hardness of 4 to 9H.

13. The power-generating panel of claim 11, wherein the medium phase comprises one or more of quartz, glass, resin, transparent ceramic and crystal material.

14. The power-generating panel of claim 11, wherein the texture phase comprises one or more of marble, granite, marble, shale and sandstone.

15. The power-generating panel of claim 11, wherein the optical adjustment layer comprises one or more of color-glazed glass, ultra-thin stone and artificial light-transmitting resin plate.

16. The power-generating panel of claim 11, wherein the medium phase of the optical adjustment layer comprises a light diffusing agent.

17. The power-generating panel of claim 11, wherein the texture phase further comprises a coloring material.

18. The power-generating panel of claim 17, wherein the coloring material comprises one or more of strontium sulfide, cerium oxide, cobalt oxide, silver, copper oxide, cuprous oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide and selenium oxide.

19. The power-generating panel of claim 17, wherein the coloring material comprises one or more of pigment and dye.

20. The power-generating panel of claim 19, wherein a refractive index of the pigment is 1.4 to 2.5.

21. A process for preparing a power-generating panel with an optical adjustment layer comprises: attaching a power-generating layer to a substrate, extracting positive and negative electrodes, or directly preparing a power-generating layer on a substrate and extracting positive and negative electrodes; preparing an optical adjustment layer by preparing a texture phase on a surface of a medium phase of the optical adjustment layer via coating and curing at room temperature or coating and annealing at a high temperature; or by adding a substance required to form a texture phase into a raw material of a medium phase during preparation of the medium phase; performing surface processing and side surface processing on the optical adjustment layer to adapt a flatness and a size of the optical adjustment layer to the power-generating layer; and sequentially stacking a glue film and the optical adjustment layer on a light receiving surface of the power-generating layer, and performing lamination packaging to obtain the power-generating panel with an optical adjustment layer.

22. A photovoltaic building material, comprising a surface layer and a power-generating layer, wherein the surface layer has a weighted average transmittance of 30% to 85% in a wavelength range of 300 nm to 1,300 nm and a haze of 10% to 99%.

23. The photovoltaic building material of claim 22, wherein the surface layer is prepared by liquid curing process with a raw material comprises a curing mother liquor, a light diffusing agent and a coloring agent.

24. The photovoltaic building material of claim 23, wherein the curing mother liquor comprises one or more of silicone emulsion, silicate aqueous solution, polyurethane emulsion, polyacrylic acid emulsion and high molecular polymer emulsion comprising carbon-fluorine bonds.

25. The photovoltaic building material of claim 23, wherein the light diffusing agent comprises one or more of polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene and silicone.

26. The photovoltaic building material of claim 23, wherein the light diffusing agent has a size of 0.8 μm to 7 μm.

27. The photovoltaic building material of claim 23 wherein the light diffusing agent has a mass fraction of 0.3% to 4%.

28. The photovoltaic building material of claim 23, wherein the coloring agent comprises pigment and/or dye.

29. The photovoltaic building material of claim 28, wherein the pigment has a refractive index of 1.4 to 2.5.

30. The photovoltaic building material of claim 28, wherein the pigment has a particle size of less than or equal to 300 nm.

31. The photovoltaic building material of claim 22, wherein the surface layer has a thickness of 0.02 mm to 5 mm.

32. The photovoltaic building material of claim 22, wherein the power-generating layer comprises one of crystalline silicon solar cell component and thin film solar cell component.

33. The photovoltaic building material of claim 22, wherein the power-generating layer comprises a substrate, a solar cell layer and a protective layer.

34. A process for preparing a photovoltaic building material, comprising mixing a curing mother liquor, a light diffusing agent and a coloring agent in a proportion to prepare a mixing raw material of a surface layer; and preparing a surface layer on a power-generating layer, wherein the surface layer is prepared by coating and curing the mixing raw material of a surface layer directly on a surface of the power-generating layer.

35-66. (canceled)

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0323] FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a photovoltaic building material of the present disclosure, in which 1 is a surface layer; 2 is a power-generating layer; and 3 is a substrate layer;

[0324] FIG. 2 is a side view of the structural diagram of the photovoltaic building material shown in FIG. 1, in which 1 is a surface layer; 3 is a substrate layer; 2-1 is a glue film; 2-2 is a solar cell layer; 2*2 is a negative electrode surface; 2*3 is a positive electrode surface; e1 is an extracted negative electrode; and e2 is an extracted positive electrode;

[0325] FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a photovoltaic building material of the present disclosure, in which 1 is a surface layer; 2 is a power-generating layer; and 3 is a substrate layer;

[0326] FIG. 4 is a side view of the structural diagram of the photovoltaic building material shown in FIG. 3, in which 1 is a surface layer; 2-1 is a glue film; 2-2 is a solar cell layer; 3-1 is a glue film; 3-2 is a substrate; 2*2 is a negative electrode surface; 2*3 is a positive electrode surface; e1 is an extracted negative electrode; and e2 is an extracted positive electrode;

[0327] FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a photovoltaic building material of the present disclosure, in which 1 is a surface layer; 2 is a power-generating layer; and 3 is a substrate layer;

[0328] FIG. 6 is a side view of the structural diagram of the photovoltaic building material shown in FIG. 5, in which 1 is a surface layer; 3 is a substrate layer; 2-1 is a glue film; 2-2 is a solar cell layer; 2*2 is a negative electrode surface; 2*3 is a positive electrode surface; e1 is an extracted negative electrode; and e2 is an extracted positive electrode;

[0329] FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of a photovoltaic building material of the present disclosure, in which 1 is a surface layer; 2 is a power-generating layer; and 3 is a substrate layer;

[0330] FIG. 8 is a side view of the structural diagram of the photovoltaic building material shown in FIG. 7, in which 1 is a surface layer; 2-1 is a glue film; 2-2 is a solar cell layer; 3-1 is a glue film; 3-2 is a substrate; 2*2 is a negative electrode surface; 2*3 is a positive electrode surface; e1 is an extracted negative electrode; and e2 is an extracted positive electrode.

[0331] FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a photovoltaic building material of the present disclosure, in which 1 is a surface layer; and 2 is a power-generating layer;

[0332] FIG. 10 is a side view of the structural diagram of the photovoltaic building material shown in FIG. 9, in which 1 is a surface layer; 2-1 is a ceramic film; 2-2 is a solar cell layer; 2-3 is a glue film; 2-4 is a substrate; 2*2 is a negative electrode surface; 2*3 is a positive electrode surface; e1 is an extracted negative electrode; and e2 is an extracted positive electrode;

[0333] FIG. 11 is a photograph of a physical power-generating building material prepared according to the present disclosure;

[0334] FIG. 12 is an I-V curve of the power-generating building material prepared in Example 22;

[0335] FIG. 13 is a structural diagram of a power-generating building material (comprising a ceramic film) of the present disclosure, in which 1 is a protective layer of the building material; 2 is a photoelectric conversion layer; and 3 is a substrate layer of the building material;

[0336] FIG. 14 is a side view of the structural diagram of the power-generating building material shown in FIG. 11, in which 1 is a protective layer of the building material; 2-1 is a ceramic film; 2-2 is a solar cell layer; 2*2 is a negative electrode surface; 2*3 is a positive electrode surface; e1 is an extracted negative electrode; e2 is an extracted positive electrode; and 3 is a substrate layer;

[0337] FIG. 15 is a structural diagram of a power-generating building material (comprising a front film and a glue film) of the present disclosure, in which 1 is a protective layer of the building material; 2 is a photoelectric conversion layer; and 3 is the substrate layer of the building material;

[0338] FIG. 16 is a side view of the structural diagram of the power-generating building material shown in FIG. 13, in which 1 is a protective layer of the building material; 2-1 is a front film; 2-2 is a glue film; 2-3 is a solar cell layer; 2*2 is a negative electrode surface; 2*3 is a positive electrode surface; e1 is an extracted negative electrode; e2 is an extracted positive electrode; and 3 is a substrate layer of the building material;

[0339] FIG. 17 is a photograph of a physical power-generating building material prepared according to the present disclosure;

[0340] FIG. 18 is an I-V curve of the power-generating building material prepared in Example 26;

[0341] FIG. 19 is a structural diagram of a power-generating building material (comprising a ceramic film) of the present disclosure, in which 1 is a protective layer of the building material; 2 is a photoelectric conversion layer; 3 is a functional layer; and 4 is a substrate layer of the building material;

[0342] FIG. 20 is a side view of the structural diagram of the power-generating building material shown in FIG. 19, in which 1 is a protective layer of the building material; 2-1 is a ceramic film; 2-2 is a solar cell layer; 2*2 is a negative electrode surface; 2*3 is a positive electrode surface; 3 is a functional layer; 4 is a substrate layer of the building material; e1 is an extracted negative electrode; and e2 is an extracted positive electrode;

[0343] FIG. 21 is a structural diagram of a power-generating building material (comprising a front film and a glue film) of the present disclosure, in which 1 is a protective layer of the building material; 2 is a photoelectric conversion layer; 3 is a functional layer; and 4 is a substrate layer of the building material;

[0344] FIG. 22 is a side view of the structural diagram of the power-generating building material shown in FIG. 21, in which 1 is a protective layer of the building material; 2-1 is a front film; 2-2 is a glue film; 2-3 is a solar cell layer; 2*3 is a negative electrode surface; 2*4 is a positive electrode surface; 3 is a functional layer; 4 is a substrate layer of the building material; e1 is an extracted negative electrode; and e2 is an extracted positive electrode;

[0345] FIG. 23 is a structural diagram of a power-generating building material (comprising a front film, a glue film and two substrate layers) of the present disclosure, in which 1 is a protective layer of the building material; 2 is a photoelectric conversion layer; 3 is a functional layer; and 4 is a substrate layer of the building material;

[0346] FIG. 24 is a side view of the structural diagram of the power-generating building material shown in FIG. 23, in which 1 is a protective layer of the building material; 2-1 is a front film; 2-2 is a glue film; 2-3 is a solar cell layer; 2*3 is a negative electrode surface; 2*4 is a positive electrode surface; 3 is a functional layer; 4-1 is a first substrate layer; 4-2 is a glue film; 4-3 is a second substrate layer; e1 is an extracted negative electrode; and e2 is an extracted positive electrode;

[0347] FIG. 25 is a structural diagram of a power-generating building material (comprising a front film, a glue film and two substrate layers) of the present disclosure, in which 1 is a protection layer of the building material; 2 is a photoelectric conversion layer; 3 is a glue film, and 4 is a substrate layer of the building material;

[0348] FIG. 26 is a side view of the structural diagram of the power-generating building material shown in FIG. 25, in which 1 is a protective layer of the building material; 2-1 is a front film; 2-2 is a glue film; 2-3 is a solar cell layer; 2-4 a first substrate layer; 2*3 is a negative electrode surface; 2*4 is a positive electrode surface; 3 is a glue film; 4 is a substrate layer of the building material; e1 is an extracted negative electrode; and e2 is an extracted positive electrode;

[0349] FIG. 27 is a photograph of a physical power-generating building material prepared according to the present disclosure;

[0350] FIG. 28 is an I-V curve of the power-generating building material prepared in Example 31;

[0351] FIG. 29 is a structural diagram of a power-generating building material (comprising a ceramic film) of the present disclosure, in which 1 is a surface layer; 2 is a photoelectric conversion device; and 3 is a substrate layer;

[0352] FIG. 30 is a side view of the structural diagram of the power-generating building material shown in FIG. 29, in which 1 is a surface layer; 2-1 is a ceramic film; 2-2 is a solar cell layer; 2*2 is a photogenerated electron collection front electrode; 2*3 is a photogenerated hole collection back electrode; and 4 is a pair of electrodes;

[0353] FIG. 31 is a structural diagram of a power-generating building material (comprising a front film and a glue film) of the present disclosure, in which 1 is a surface layer; 2 is a photoelectric conversion device; and 3 is a substrate layer;

[0354] FIG. 32 is a side view of the structural diagram of the power-generating building material shown in FIG. 31, in which 1 is a surface layer; 2-1 is a front film; 2-2 is a glue film; 2-3 is a solar cell layer; 2*3 is a photogenerated electron collection front electrode; 2*4 is a photogenerated hole collection back electrode; and 4 is a pair of electrodes;

[0355] FIG. 33 is a structural diagram of a power-generating building material (comprising a ceramic film) of the present disclosure, in which 1 is a surface layer; 2 is a photoelectric conversion device; and 3 is a substrate layer;

[0356] FIG. 34 is a side view of the structural diagram of the power-generating building material shown in FIG. 33, in which 1 is a surface layer; 2-1 is a ceramic film; 2-2 is a solar cell layer; 3-1 is a first substrate layer; 3-2 is a glue film; 3-3 is a second substrate layer; 2*3 is a photogenerated electron collection front electrode; 2*4 is a photogenerated hole collection back electrode; and 4 is a pair of electrodes;

[0357] FIG. 35 is a structural diagram of a power-generating building material (comprising a front film and a glue film) of the present disclosure, in which 1 is a surface layer; 2 is a photoelectric conversion device; and 3 is a substrate layer;

[0358] FIG. 36 is a side view of the structural diagram of the power-generating building material shown in FIG. 35, in which 1 is a surface layer; 2-1 is a front film; 2-2 is a glue film; 2-3 is a solar cell layer; 3-1, a first substrate layer; 3-2 is a glue film, 3-3 is a second substrate layer; 2*4 is a photogenerated electron collection front electrode; 2*5 is a photogenerated hole collection back electrode; and 4 is a pair of electrodes;

[0359] FIG. 37 is a structural diagram of a power-generating building material (comprising a front film and a glue film) of the present disclosure, in which 1 is a surface layer; 2 is a photoelectric conversion device; and 3 is a substrate layer;

[0360] FIG. 38 is a side view of the structural diagram of the power-generating building material shown in FIG. 37, in which 1 is a surface layer; 2-1 is a front film; 2-2 is a glue film; 2-3 is a solar cell layer; 3-1 is a glue film; 3-2 is a first substrate; 3-3 is a glue film; 3-4 is a second substrate; 2*4 is a photogenerated electron collection front electrode; 2*5 is a photogenerated hole collection back electrode; and 4 is a pair of electrodes;

[0361] FIG. 39 is a structural diagram of a power-generating building material (comprising a front film and a glue film) of the present disclosure, in which 1 is a surface layer; 2 is a photoelectric conversion device; and 3 is a substrate layer; and

[0362] FIG. 40 is a side view of the structural diagram of the power-generating building material shown in FIG. 39, in which 1 is a surface layer; 2-1 is a front film; 2-2 is a glue film; 2-3 is a solar cell layer; 2*3 is a photogenerated electron collection front electrode; 2*4 is a photogenerated hole collection back electrode; 3-1 is a glue film; 3-2 is a substrate layer; and 4 is a pair of electrodes.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0363] The present disclosure will be further described in combination with the following examples.

Example 1

[0364] The optical adjustment layer was a layer of a light-transmitting ceramic with a thickness of 20 mm. The water vapor transmission rate was 0.5% and the hardness was 6H. The light-transmitting ceramic product was subject to optical grinding and polishing treatment and hydrophobic treatment, so that the optical adjustment layer with good light transmission performance and appreciated appearance was formed.

[0365] A copper indium gallium selenide solar cell was selected as the power-generating layer. A cement substrate material was selected as the substrate.

[0366] The surface of the power-generating layer was covered with the prepared light-transmitting ceramic optical adjustment layer. The power-generating layer and the optical adjustment layer were adhered by EVA and were insulated from each other. The solar cell was isolated from the water vapor. A power-generating panel with light-transmitting ceramic was prepared. The structural diagram was shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The conversion efficiency of the power-generating panel after the light-transmitting ceramic optical adjustment layer was prepared on the surface of the cell was 12.0%.

Example 2

[0367] The optical adjustment layer was a layer of a light-transmitting ceramic with a thickness of 5 mm. The water vapor transmission rate was 0.1% and the hardness was 9H. The light-transmitting ceramic product was subject to optical grinding and polishing treatment and hydrophobic treatment, so that the transparent ceramic optical adjustment layer with good light transmission performance and appreciated appearance was formed.

[0368] A copper indium gallium selenide solar cell was selected as the power-generating layer. A building glass was selected as the substrate.

[0369] The surface of the power-generating layer was covered on the prepared light-transmitting ceramic optical adjustment layer. The power-generating layer and the light-transmitting ceramic optical adjustment layer were adhered by the EVA and were insulated from each other. The solar cell was isolated from the water vapor. A power-generating panel with light-transmitting ceramic was prepared. The cell efficiency after the light-transmitting ceramic optical adjustment layer was prepared on the surface of the cell was 8.9%.

Example 3

[0370] The optical adjustment layer was a layer of ultra-thin stone with a thickness of 0.1 mm. The water vapor transmission rate was 0.5% and the hardness was 7H. The preparation process was as follows:

[0371] The type of stone material was sedimentary rock. The surface of the stone material was polished and cleaned.

[0372] The curing adhesive was silicone and epoxy resin.

[0373] The silicone was coated on the polished surface of the stone material, and the surface of the stone material was covered with a layer of glass fiber cloth. The glue was cured by standing at 100° C. for 20 min. The surface of the glass fiber cloth was then coated with the epoxy resin and the surface of the epoxy resin was covered with a layer of glass fiber cloth. The glue was cured by standing at room temperature for 20 min.

[0374] The glass fiber cloth was torn off from the stone substrate by mechanical means to obtain the glass fiber cloth with the stone on the surface. The surface of the torn stone away from the glass fiber cloth was polished.

[0375] The glass fiber cloth and the torn stone were separated by acetone solution.

[0376] Hydrophobic treatment was performed on the ultra-thin stone product, so that the ultra-thin stone optical adjustment layer with good light transmission performance and appreciated appearance was formed.

[0377] The ultra-thin stone (optical adjustment layer) prepared in accordance with the present disclosure had strong corrosion resistance and higher hardness and no harm to human bodies. The ultra-thin stone had beautiful appearance of sedimentary rock and good decorative property.

[0378] A cadmium telluride solar cell was selected as the power-generating layer. A concrete was selected as the substrate.

[0379] The surface of the power-generating layer was covered with the prepared optical adjustment layer. The power-generating layer and the optical adjustment layer were adhered by EVA and were insulated from each other. The solar cell was isolated from the water vapor. A power-generating panel with ultra-thin stone optical adjustment layer was prepared. The efficiency of the cell after the optical adjustment layer was prepared on the surface of the cell was 11.5%.

Example 4

[0380] The optical adjustment layer was a layer of ultra-thin stone with a thickness of 0.2 mm. The water vapor transmission rate was 0.3% and the hardness was 6H. The preparation process was as follows:

[0381] The type of stone material was shale. The surface of the stone material was polished and cleaned.

[0382] The curing adhesive was epoxy resin.

[0383] The epoxy resin was coated on the polished surface of the stone material, and the surface of the stone material was covered with a layer of transparent glass fiber cloth. The glue was cured by standing at 25° C. for 30 min. The surface of the glass fiber cloth was then coated with the epoxy resin and the surface of the epoxy resin was covered with a layer of glass fiber cloth. The glue was cured by standing at 25° C. for 30 min.

[0384] The glass fiber cloth was torn off from the stone substrate by mechanical means to obtain the glass fiber cloth with the stone on the surface. The surface of the torn stone away from the glass fiber cloth was polished.

[0385] The glass fiber cloth and the torn stone were separated by acetone solution.

[0386] Hydrophobic treatment was performed on the ultra-thin stone product, so that the ultra-thin stone optical adjustment layer with good light transmission performance and appreciated appearance was formed.

[0387] The ultra-thin stone prepared in accordance with the present disclosure had strong corrosion resistance and higher hardness and no harm to human bodies. The ultra-thin stone had beautiful appearance of shale and good decorative property.

[0388] An amorphous silicon solar cell was selected as the power-generating layer. A metal plate was selected as the substrate.

[0389] The surface of the power-generating layer was covered with the prepared optical adjustment layer. The power-generating layer and the optical adjustment layer were adhered by EVA and were insulated from each other. The solar cell was isolated from the water vapor. A power-generating panel with ultra-thin stone optical adjustment layer was prepared. The efficiency of the cell after the optical adjustment layer was prepared on the surface of the cell was 9.5%.

Example 5

[0390] The optical adjustment layer was an artificial light-transmitting resin sheet with a thickness of 0.1 mm. The water vapor transmission rate was 0.5% and the hardness was 6H. The preparation process comprised: powder preparation, molding, curing and surface processing.

[0391] Powder preparation: 32 parts of unsaturated polyester resin, 16 parts of silicone resin, 1 part of cross-linking agent, 0.1 part of color paste, 22 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 13 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.5 part of accelerator, 3 parts of titanium dioxide and 3 parts of curing agent.

[0392] The selected color paste comprised organic pigment. The organic pigment was 0.05 part. The organic pigment comprised 0.02 part of triarylmethane pigment and 0.03 part of polycyclic pigment.

[0393] The above powders were mixed and stirred in a vacuum blender to obtain a uniformly stirred unsaturated polyester resin mixture.

[0394] Molding: According to the thickness requirement, the powders were weighed and put into a mold for vacuumizing and casting molding.

[0395] Curing: Curing was conducted by standing at 50° C. for 1 h to form a green body with desired shape (plate type).

[0396] Surface processing: The post-sintered product was subject to optical grinding and polishing treatment and hydrophobization treatment to form an artificial light-transmitting resin plate with good light transmission performance and appreciated appearance.

[0397] A monocrystalline silicon solar cell sheet was selected as the power-generating layer. A cement substrate material was selected as the substrate. The substrate was covered with the functional layer and the functional layer was covered with the monocrystalline silicon solar cell sheet. The material of the functional layer was EVA.

[0398] The surface of the power-generating layer was covered with the prepared artificial light-transmitting resin plate. The power-generating layer and the optical adjustment layer were adhered by the EVA and were insulated from each other. The solar cell was isolated from the water vapor. A power-generating panel with artificial light-transmitting resin plate optical adjustment layer was prepared. The structural diagram was shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The efficiency of the cell with artificial light-transmitting resin plate was 14%.

Example 6

[0399] The optical adjustment layer was an artificial light-transmitting resin sheet with a thickness of 5 mm. The water vapor transmission rate was 00% and the hardness was 6H. The preparation process comprised: powder preparation, molding, curing and surface processing.

[0400] Powder preparation: 40 parts of unsaturated polyester resin, 18 parts of silicone resin, 1 part of cross-linking agent, 0.5 part of color paste, 18 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 3 parts of accelerator, 4 parts of titanium dioxide and 1 part of curing agent.

[0401] Sodium tripolyphosphate may additionally be added as a dispersing agent.

[0402] The selected color paste was an organic pigment and comprised 0.3 part of azo pigment and 0.2 part of polycyclic pigment.

[0403] The above powders were mixed and stirred in a vacuum blender to obtain a uniformly stirred unsaturated polyester resin mixture.

[0404] Molding: The above raw materials according to thickness were weighed and put into a mold for vacuumizing and casting molding.

[0405] Curing: Curing was conducted by standing at room temperature for 2 h to form a green body with desired shape (plate type).

[0406] Surface Processing: The post-cured product was subject to optical grinding and polishing treatment and hydrophobization treatment to form an artificial light-transmitting resin plate with good light transmission performance and appreciated appearance

[0407] The artificial light-transmitting resin plate prepared in accordance with present disclosure had strong compactness, corrosion resistance and hardness and no harm to human bodies.

[0408] A polycrystalline silicon solar cell sheet was selected as the power-generating layer. A ceramic material was selected as the substrate. The substrate was covered with the functional layer and the functional layer was covered with the polycrystalline silicon solar cell sheet. The material of the functional layer was EVA.

[0409] The surface of the power-generating layer was covered with the prepared decorative protective layer optical adjustment layer. The power-generating layer of the solar cell assembly and the protective layer were adhered by the EVA and sealed by lamination and were insulated from each other. The solar cell was isolated from the water vapor. A power-generating building material of the solar cell assembly with artificial light-transmitting resin plate was prepared. The efficiency of the power-generating building material with artificial light-transmitting resin plate was 11.5%.

Example 7

[0410] The optical adjustment layer was a layer of color-glazed glass with a thickness of 5 mm. The water vapor transmission rate was 0 and the hardness was 8H. The preparation process was as follows:

[0411] Slurry preparation: by weight, 75 parts of albite, 20 parts of quartz stone, 6 parts of calcium carbonate, 8 parts of talcum powder, 20 parts of calcium silicate, 3 parts of aluminum oxide, 5 parts of sodium hydroxide and 0.4 part of color paste.

[0412] The selected color paste comprised 0.1 part of carbon black, 0.05 part of mica, 0.1 part of realgar, 0.1 part of iron oxide red and 0.05 part of iron oxide yellow.

[0413] The above materials were added into deionized water. The solid particle size was reduced by means of ball milling. The materials were uniformly distributed in an aqueous solution to form a slurry. The mixture was stirred uniformly.

[0414] The slurry was applied to the industrial glass in a printed manner. The coating thickness was 0.2 mm. Different spray heads can be used during printing. A heating air gun was arranged beside the spray head, so that no flow marks occurred. The spray heads had more accurate control on the flow rate of the printing slurry.

[0415] The glass coated with the slurry was then placed in an oven and dried. The baking temperature was 45° C. and the baking time was 2 h.

[0416] The dried slurry/glass was then placed in a kiln for baking at 750° C. for 4 h.

[0417] A copper indium gallium selenide solar cell was selected as power-generating layer. A cement substrate material was selected as a substrate.

[0418] The surface of the power-generating layer was covered with the prepared optical adjustment layer. The power generating layer and the optical adjustment layer were adhered by the EVA and insulated from each other. The solar cell is isolated from the water vapor. A power-generating panel with a color-glazed glass optical adjustment layer was prepared. The efficiency of the cell after the optical adjustment layer was prepared on the surface of the cell was 11.7%.

Example 8

[0419] The optical adjustment layer was a layer of a light-transmitting ceramic with a thickness of 20 mm. The water vapor transmission rate was 0.5% and the hardness was 6H. The light-transmitting ceramic product was subject to optical grinding and polishing treatment and hydrophobic treatment, so that the optical adjustment layer with good light transmission performance and appreciated appearance was formed.

[0420] A copper indium gallium selenide solar cell was selected as the power-generating layer. A cement substrate material was selected as the substrate.

[0421] The surface of the power-generating layer was covered with the prepared light-transmitting ceramic optical adjustment layer. The power-generating layer and the optical adjustment layer were adhered by EVA and were insulated from each other. The solar cell was isolated from the water vapor. A power-generating panel with light-transmitting ceramic was prepared. The structural diagram was shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. The conversion efficiency of the power-generating panel after the light-transmitting ceramic optical adjustment layer was prepared on the surface of the cell was 12.0%.

Example 9

[0422] The optical adjustment layer was a layer of a light-transmitting ceramic with a thickness of 5 mm. The water vapor transmission rate was 0.1% and the hardness was 9H. The light-transmitting ceramic product was subject to optical grinding and polishing treatment and hydrophobic treatment, so that the transparent ceramic optical adjustment layer with good light transmission performance and appreciated appearance was formed.

[0423] A copper indium gallium selenide solar cell was selected as the power-generating layer. A building glass was selected as the substrate.

[0424] The surface of the power-generating layer was covered on the prepared light-transmitting ceramic optical adjustment layer. The power-generating layer and the light-transmitting ceramic optical adjustment layer were adhered by the EVA and were insulated from each other. The solar cell was isolated from the water vapor. A power-generating panel with light-transmitting ceramic was prepared. The cell efficiency after the light-transmitting ceramic optical adjustment layer was prepared on the surface of the cell was 11%.

Example 10

[0425] The optical adjustment layer was a layer of ultra-thin stone with a thickness of 1 mm. The water vapor transmission rate was 0.5% and the hardness was 7H. The preparation process was as follows:

[0426] The type of stone material was sedimentary rock. The surface of the stone material was polished and cleaned.

[0427] The curing adhesive was silicone and epoxy resin.

[0428] The silicone was coated on the polished surface of the stone material, and the surface of the stone material was covered with a layer of glass fiber cloth. The glue was cured by standing at 100° C. for 20 min. The surface of the glass fiber cloth was then coated with the epoxy resin and the surface of the epoxy resin was covered with a layer of glass fiber cloth. The glue was cured by standing at room temperature for 20 min.

[0429] The glass fiber cloth was torn off from the stone substrate by mechanical means to obtain the glass fiber cloth with the stone on the surface. The surface of the torn stone away from the glass fiber cloth was polished.

[0430] The glass fiber cloth and the torn stone were separated by acetone solution.

[0431] Hydrophobic treatment was performed on the ultra-thin stone product, so that the ultra-thin stone optical adjustment layer with good light transmission performance and appreciated appearance was formed.

[0432] The ultra-thin stone (optical adjustment layer) prepared in accordance with the present disclosure had strong corrosion resistance and higher hardness and no harm to human bodies. The ultra-thin stone had beautiful appearance of sedimentary rock and good decorative property.

[0433] A cadmium telluride solar cell was selected as the power-generating layer. A concrete was selected as the substrate.

[0434] The surface of the power-generating layer was covered with the prepared optical adjustment layer. The power-generating layer and the optical adjustment layer were adhered by EVA and were insulated from each other. The solar cell was isolated from the water vapor. A power-generating panel with ultra-thin stone optical adjustment layer was prepared. The efficiency of the cell after the optical adjustment layer was prepared on the surface of the cell was 12.5%.

Example 11

[0435] The optical adjustment layer was a layer of ultra-thin stone with a thickness of 0.2 mm. The water vapor transmission rate was 0.3% and the hardness was 6H. The preparation process was as follows:

[0436] The type of stone material was shale. The surface of the stone material was polished and cleaned.

[0437] The curing adhesive was epoxy resin.

[0438] The epoxy resin was coated on the polished surface of the stone material, and the surface of the stone material was covered with a layer of glass fiber cloth. The glue was cured by standing at 25° C. for 30 min. The surface of the glass fiber cloth was then coated with the epoxy resin and the surface of the epoxy resin was covered with a layer of glass fiber cloth. The glue was cured by standing at 25° C. for 30 min.

[0439] The glass fiber cloth was torn off from the stone substrate by mechanical means to obtain the glass fiber cloth with the stone on the surface. The surface of the torn stone away from the glass fiber cloth was polished.

[0440] The glass fiber cloth and the torn stone were separated by acetone solution.

[0441] Hydrophobic treatment was performed on the ultra-thin stone product, so that the ultra-thin stone optical adjustment layer with good light transmission performance and appreciated appearance was formed.

[0442] The ultra-thin stone prepared in accordance with the present disclosure had strong corrosion resistance and higher hardness and no harm to human bodies. The ultra-thin stone had beautiful appearance of shale and good decorative property.

[0443] An amorphous silicon solar cell was selected as the power-generating layer. A metal plate was selected as the substrate.

[0444] The surface of the power-generating layer was covered with the prepared optical adjustment layer. The power-generating layer and the optical adjustment layer were adhered by EVA and were insulated from each other. The solar cell was isolated from the water vapor. A power-generating panel with ultra-thin stone optical adjustment layer was prepared. The efficiency of the cell after the optical adjustment layer was prepared on the surface of the cell was 9.5%.

Example 12

[0445] The optical adjustment layer was an artificial light-transmitting resin sheet with a thickness of 0.1 mm. The water vapor transmission rate was 0.5% and the hardness was 6H. The preparation process comprised: powder preparation, molding, curing and surface processing.

[0446] Powder preparation: 32 parts of unsaturated polyester resin, 16 parts of silicone resin, 1 part of cross-linking agent, 0.1 part of color paste, 22 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 13 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.5 part of accelerator, 3 parts of titanium dioxide and 3 parts of curing agent.

[0447] The selected color paste comprised organic pigment. The organic pigment was 0.05 part. The organic pigment comprised 0.02 part of triarylmethane pigment and 0.03 part of polycyclic pigment.

[0448] The above powders were mixed and stirred in a vacuum blender to obtain a uniformly stirred unsaturated polyester resin mixture.

[0449] Molding: According to the thickness requirement, the powders were weighed and put into a mold for vacuumizing and casting molding.

[0450] Curing: Curing was conducted by standing at 50° C. for 1 h to form a green body with desired shape (plate type).

[0451] Surface processing: The post-sintered product was subject to optical grinding and polishing treatment and hydrophobization treatment to form an artificial light-transmitting resin plate with good light transmission performance and appreciated appearance.

[0452] The artificial light-transmitting resin plate prepared in accordance with the present disclosure had strong compactness, corrosion resistance and hardness and no harm to human bodies.

[0453] A monocrystalline silicon solar cell sheet was selected as the power-generating layer. A cement substrate material was selected as the substrate. The substrate was covered with the functional layer and the functional layer was covered with the monocrystalline silicon solar cell sheet. The material of the functional layer was EVA.

[0454] The surface of the power-generating layer was covered with the prepared artificial light-transmitting resin plate. The power-generating layer and the optical adjustment layer were adhered by the EVA and were insulated from each other. The solar cell was isolated from the water vapor. A power-generating panel with artificial light-transmitting resin plate optical adjustment layer was prepared. The structural diagram was shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. The efficiency of the cell with artificial light-transmitting resin plate was 14%.

Example 13

[0455] The optical adjustment layer was an artificial light-transmitting resin sheet with a thickness of 5 mm. The water vapor transmission rate was 0% and the hardness was 6H. The preparation process comprised: powder preparation, molding, curing and surface processing.

[0456] Powder preparation: 40 parts of unsaturated polyester resin, 18 parts of silicone resin, 1 part of cross-linking agent, 0.5 part of color paste, 18 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 3 parts of accelerator, 4 parts of titanium dioxide and 1 part of curing agent.

[0457] Sodium tripolyphosphate may additionally be added as a dispersing agent.

[0458] The selected color paste was an organic pigment and comprised 0.3 part of azo pigment and 0.2 part of polycyclic pigment.

[0459] The above powders were mixed and stirred in a vacuum blender to obtain a uniformly stirred unsaturated polyester resin mixture.

[0460] Molding: The above raw materials according to thickness were weighed and put into a mold for vacuumizing and casting molding.

[0461] Curing: Curing was conducted by standing at room temperature for 2 h to form a green body with desired shape (plate type).

[0462] Surface Processing: The post-cured product was subject to optical grinding and polishing treatment and hydrophobization treatment to form an artificial light-transmitting resin plate with good light transmission performance and appreciated appearance

[0463] The artificial light-transmitting resin plate prepared in accordance with present disclosure had strong compactness, corrosion resistance and hardness and no harm to human bodies.

[0464] A polycrystalline silicon solar cell sheet was selected as the power-generating layer. A ceramic material was selected as the substrate. The substrate was covered with the functional layer and the functional layer was covered with the polycrystalline silicon solar cell sheet. The material of the functional layer was EVA.

[0465] The surface of the power-generating layer was covered with the prepared decorative protective layer optical adjustment layer. The power-generating layer of the solar cell assembly and the protective layer were adhered by the EVA and sealed by lamination and were insulated from each other. The solar cell was isolated from the water vapor. A power-generating building material of the solar cell assembly with artificial light-transmitting resin plate was prepared. The efficiency of the power-generating building material with artificial light-transmitting resin plate was 11.5%.

Example 14

[0466] The optical adjustment layer was a layer of color-glazed glass with the thickness of 1 mm, which comprised a substrate and a glazed layer, wherein the substrate was a building glass. The water vapor transmission rate was 0 and the hardness was 8H. The specific step of preparing the glazed layer comprised: slurry preparation, printing and coating, drying and sintering.

[0467] Slurry preparation: 70 parts of albite, 15 parts of quartz stone, 6 parts of calcium carbonate, 8 parts of talcum powder, 10 parts of calcium silicate, 3 parts of aluminum oxide, 1 part of sodium hydroxide and 1 part of color paste.

[0468] The selected color paste comprised 0.3 part of azo pigment, 0.4 part of phthalocyanine pigment, 0.2 part of triarylmethane pigment and 0.1 part of polycyclic pigment.

[0469] The above materials were added into deionized water. The solid particle size was reduced by means of ball milling. The materials were uniformly distributed in an aqueous solution to form a slurry. The mixture was stirred uniformly.

[0470] The slurry was applied to the industrial glass in a printed manner. The coating thickness was 0.2 mm. Different spray heads can be used during printing. A heating air gun was arranged beside the spray head, so that no flow marks occurred. The spray heads had more accurate control on the flow rate of the printing slurry.

[0471] The glass coated with the slurry was then placed in an oven and dried. The baking temperature was 25° C. and the baking time was 30 min.

[0472] The dried slurry/glass was then placed in a kiln for baking at 550° C. for 3 h.

[0473] A cadmium telluride solar cell was selected as the power-generating layer. An engineering plastic was selected as the substrate.

[0474] The surface of the power-generating layer was covered with the prepared optical adjustment layer. The power-generating layer and the optical adjustment layer were adhered by EVA and were insulated from each other. The solar cell was isolated from the water vapor. A power-generating panel with color-glazed glass optical adjustment layer was prepared. The efficiency of the cell after the optical adjustment layer was prepared on the surface of the cell was 12.5%.

Example 15

[0475] The optical adjustment layer was a layer of color-glazed glass with a thickness of 5 mm. The water vapor transmission rate was 0 and the hardness was 8H. The preparation process was as follows:

[0476] Slurry preparation: by weight, 75 parts of albite, 20 parts of quartz stone, 6 parts of calcium carbonate, 8 parts of talcum powder, 20 parts of calcium silicate, 3 parts of aluminum oxide, 5 parts of sodium hydroxide and 0.4 part of color paste.

[0477] The selected color paste comprised 0.1 part of carbon black, 0.05 part of mica, 0.1 part of realgar, 0.1 part of iron oxide red and 0.05 part of iron oxide yellow.

[0478] The above materials were added into deionized water. The solid particle size was reduced by means of ball milling. The materials were uniformly distributed in an aqueous solution to form a slurry. The mixture was stirred uniformly.

[0479] The slurry was applied to the industrial glass in a printed manner. The coating thickness was 0.2 mm. Different spray heads can be used during printing. A heating air gun was arranged beside the spray head, so that no flow marks occurred. The spray heads had more accurate control on the flow rate of the printing slurry.

[0480] The glass coated with the slurry was then placed in an oven and dried. The baking temperature was 45° C. and the baking time was 2 h.

[0481] The dried slurry/glass was then placed in a kiln for baking at 750° C. for 4 h.

[0482] A copper indium gallium selenide solar cell was selected as power-generating layer. A cement substrate material was selected as a substrate.

[0483] The surface of the power-generating layer was covered with the prepared optical adjustment layer. The power generating layer and the optical adjustment layer were adhered by the EVA and insulated from each other. The solar cell is isolated from the water vapor. A power-generating panel with a color-glazed glass optical adjustment layer was prepared. The efficiency of the cell after the optical adjustment layer was prepared on the surface of the cell was 11.7%.

Example 16

[0484] The photovoltaic building material substrate was a flexible stainless steel foil with a thickness of 0.2 mm. A power-generating layer was arranged on the photovoltaic building material substrate. A wire was arranged to extract an electrode. A surface layer was disposed on the power-generating layer.

[0485] The process for preparing the power-generating layer was as follows:

[0486] The flexible stainless steel foil substrate was washed and placed in a magnetron sputtering machine. In order to prevent the elements in the stainless steel from diffusing into the solar cell, firstly, a 0.5 μm WTi barrier layer was sputtered. The working gas was Ar gas. The sputtering gas pressure was 0.7 Pa. The background vacuum was 2.0×10.sup.−3 Pa. The substrate was not heated during sputtering. A Mo film was prepared by a three-sublayer process. The sputtering pressure of the first layer was 1.5 Pa. The sputtering pressure of the second layer was 0.6 Pa. The sputtering pressure of the third layer was 1.5 Pa. A 1.2 μm to 2 μm CIGS film was deposited by sputtering on the Mo film at a sputtering gas pressure of 0.7 Pa and a background vacuum of 1.5×10.sup.−3 Pa, followed by selenization annealing treatment. The selenized film was placed in a mixing solution of cadmium sulfate, thiourea, and ammonia. 30 nm to 50 nm CdS was deposited at 70° C. Then, the film was placed in the sputtering chamber again. The working gas was O.sub.2 and Ar. The sputtering pressure was 0.7 Pa. The background vacuum was 2.0×10.sup.−3 Pa. The substrate temperature was kept at 150° C. to 200° C. during sputtering. Intrinsic ZnO film and AZO film were deposited, separately. Finally, a Ni—Al gate was deposited by evaporation to prepare a flexible thin-film solar cell panel. A layer of aluminum nitride with a thickness of 3 μm was deposited by RF sputtering to finally prepare the power-generating layer.

[0487] The surface layer was prepared by printing method. The mixing solution of the raw material of the surface layer comprised a curing mother liquor, a light diffusing agent and a coloring agent. The curing mother liquor comprised 21 parts of soap-free polymerized silicone acrylic emulsion, 90 parts of self-crosslinking silicone acrylic emulsion copolymerized with a core-shell structure and 70 parts of solicone grafted acrylate emulsion. The light diffusing agent comprised spherical polymethyl methacrylate with a particle size of 0.8 μM The mass fraction of the light diffusing agent in the mixing solution was 0.3%. The coloring agent comprised malachite and ultramarine violet pigment, of which the particle size distribution was 30 nm to 150 nm. The proportion of the pigment in the mixing solution was 0.5%. Moreover, the mixing solution of the raw material of the surface layer also comprised 40 parts of water, 1.5 parts of 5040 dispersing agent and 2.5 parts of M30 bactericide. The thickness of the prepared surface layer was 0.02 mm. The curing temperature was 90° C. and the curing time was 1 h. The prepared surface layer had a transmittance of 85% and a haze of 52%.

Example 17

[0488] A photovoltaic building material comprised the substrate, which was glass and had a thickness of 2.0 mm. A cell layer was disposed on the substrate and had wires to extract electrodes. The process for preparing the cell was similar to that of Example 1, except that the CIGS film was replaced with Cu.sub.2 (ZnSn)(SSe).sub.4 and the post-treatment process of the film was replaced with selenization or vulcanization. A protective layer was disposed on the cell layer. The protective layer was EVA and glass.

[0489] The surface layer was prepared by manual spraying method. The mixing solution of the raw material of the surface layer comprised a curing mother liquor, a light diffusing agent and a coloring agent. The curing mother liquor comprised 45 parts of water glass which was a mixture of potassium water glass and sodium water glass in a ratio of 2:1. The light diffusing agent comprised a silicone light diffusing agent with a particle size of 7 μm. The mass fraction of the light diffusing agent in the mixing solution was 2%. The coloring agent comprised phthalocyanine red and zinc white. The ratio of the pigment to the mixing solution was 0.9%. Moreover, the mixing solution of the raw material of the surface layer further comprised 20 parts of filler, which was the mixture of talcum powder and calcium carbonate, and 1 part of silicon gel.

[0490] The thickness of the surface layer prepared in the present Example was 2 mm. The curing temperature was 20° C. and the curing time was 2 h.

[0491] The surface layer of the photovoltaic building material had a transmittance curve of visible light between 300 nm and 1,300 nm, a weighted average transmittance of 35% and a haze of 10%.

[0492] A protective layer of the photovoltaic building material of the present disclosure can also be obtained in other ways, such as coating a liquid mixture on the surface of the power-generating layer by scraping, printing and flow paddles.

Example 18

[0493] A photovoltaic building material comprised the substrate, which was ceramic and had a thickness of 8.0 mm. A cell layer was disposed on the substrate and had wires to extract electrodes. The cell layer had a CdTe solar cell structure. The specific preparation process was as follows. Firstly, the washed substrate was placed in a sputtering apparatus. The working gas was Ar gas. The sputtering gas pressure was 0.7 Pa. The background vacuum was 1.8×10.sup.−3 Pa. A transparent conductive indium tin oxide thin-film was sputtered and deposited on the substrate. Subsequently, a CdS slurry was coated to form a film by screen printing method. The film was dried at 90° C. to 100° C. for 1 to 3 h and sintered in a nitrogen atmosphere for 0.5 to 2 h at 650° C. to 710° C. A slurry comprising CdTe powder was printed on the CdS film and sintered for 1 h. Finally, a carbon electrode and an Ag slurry were printed on CdTe as extraction electrodes. A protective layer was disposed on the cell layer. The protective layer was PVB and ETFE. The surface layer was prepared on the protective layer. The thickness of the surface layer was 0.1 mm. The raw materials of the surface layer were as follows.

[0494] The mixing solution of the raw material of the surface layer comprised a curing mother liquor, a light diffusing agent and a coloring agent. The 60 parts of the curing mother liquor comprised a mixture of the fluorocarbon resin emulsion and the polyacrylic acid emulsion in a ratio of 3:1. The light diffusing agent comprised polystyrene, of which the particle size was 2 μm. The mass fraction of the light diffusing agent in the mixing solution was 4%. The coloring agent comprised a mixture of ultramarine blue, organic green, and toluidine red. The ratio of the pigment to the mixing solution was 1.5%. Moreover, the mixing solution of the raw material of the surface layer further comprised 15 parts of filler, which was a mixture of wollastonite powder, quartz powder and bentonite in the ratio of 1:1.5:0.8, 0.2 part of dimethyl sulfoxide, 1.1 parts of sodium polycarboxylate and 0.3 part of emulsified silicone oil.

[0495] The liquid raw materials constituting the surface layer were coated on the surface of power-generating layer by spraying, printing and flow paddle. The curing temperature was 90° C. and the curing time was 0.2 s. The surface layer had a transmittance curve of visible light between 300 nm and 1,300 nm, a weighted average transmittance of 52% and a haze of 50%.

Example 19

[0496] A photovoltaic building material comprised a substrate, which was aluminum nitride ceramic and had a thickness of 10.0 mm. A cell layer, which was amorphous silicon cell, was disposed on the substrate and had wires to extract electrodes. A protective layer was disposed on the cell layer. The protective layer was made with a silica ceramic film and had a thickness of 15 μm. The silica was prepared by reactive sputtering. The reactive sputtering was carried out after the vacuum chamber was pumped to pressure of 2.0×10.sup.−3 Pa. The sputtering was carried out under the constant power sputtering of 600 W, the sputtering gas pressure of 0.6 Pa, the sputtering atmosphere of Ar and O.sub.2, wherein Ar:O.sub.2 was 3:1. The target was monocrystalline silicon with 6N purity. The target base distance was 60 mm.

[0497] The surface layer was prepared by a printing method. The mixing solution of the raw material of the surface layer comprised a curing mother liquor, a light diffusing agent and a coloring agent in parts by weight. The curing mother liquor comprised 75 parts of water glass, which was a mixture of potassium water glass and sodium water glass in a ratio of 1:1. The light diffusing agent comprised a polymethyl methacrylate light diffusing agent with a particle size of 1 μm. The mass fraction of the light diffusing agent in the mixing solution was 3%. The coloring agent comprised phthalocyanine red and gold cloud masterbatch. The ratio of the pigment to the mixing solution was 1.0%. Moreover, the mixing solution of the raw material of the surface layer further comprised 20 parts of filler, which comprised wollastonite powder, aluminum silicate and kaolin in a ratio by weight of 3:2:5, and 0.5 part of silicon gel.

[0498] The surface layer of the photovoltaic building material had a transmittance curve of visible light between 300 nm and 1,300 nm, a weighted average transmittance of 45% and a haze of 40%.

[0499] A protective layer of the photovoltaic building material of the present disclosure can also be obtained in other ways, such as coating a liquid mixture on the surface of the power-generating layer by scraping, printing and flow paddles.

Example 20

[0500] A photovoltaic building material comprised a polycrystalline silicon component product. The substrate was a ceramic tile with a water absorption rate of less than 1%. The thickness of the substrate was 5 mm. The power-generating layer had wires to extract electrodes. A protective layer was disposed on the cell layer. The protective layer was a silicon dioxide ceramic film.

[0501] The surface layer was prepared by an automatic spraying method. The mixing solution of the raw material of the surface layer comprised a curing mother liquor, a light diffusing agent and a coloring agent. The 70 parts of the curing mother liquor comprised a mixture of the fluorocarbon resin emulsion and the polyacrylic acid emulsion in a ratio of 1:1. The light diffusing agent comprised polystyrene, of which the particle size was 2 μm. The mass fraction of the light diffusing agent in the mixing solution was 1%. The coloring agent comprised pearlescent pigment. The ratio of the pigment to the mixing solution was 1.25%. Moreover, the mixing solution of the raw material of the surface layer further comprised 10 parts of filler, which was a mixture of quartz powder and precipitated barium sulfate in the ratio of 2:3, 0.4 part of glycerin and 1.0 part of sodium polycarboxylate.

[0502] The thickness of the surface layer was 0.3 mm. The curing temperature was 50° C. The curing time was is. The photovoltaic building material had a transmittance curve of visible light between 300 nm and 1,300 nm. The weighted average transmittance was 45% and the haze was 95%. The structure of the photovoltaic building material was shown in FIGS. 9 and 10.

Example 21

[0503] A photovoltaic building material comprised a monocrystalline silicon component product. The substrate was a glass with a thickness of 2 mm. The power-generating layer had wires to extract electrodes. A protective layer was disposed on the power-generating layer. The protective layer comprised silica gel and a front film. The front film was ETFE.

[0504] The surface layer was prepared by a spin coating method. The mixing solution of the raw material of the surface layer comprised a curing mother liquor, a light diffusing agent and a coloring agent. The curing mother liquor was prepared with 28 parts of soap-free polymerized silicone acrylic emulsion, 70 parts of self-crosslinked silicone acrylic emulsion copolymerized with a core-shell structure and 110 parts of silicone grafted acrylate emulsion. The light diffusing agent comprised spherical polystyrene with the particle size of 2.5 μm. The mass fraction of the light diffusing agent in the mixing solution was 1%. The colorant comprised a mixture of sun-resistant red lake and acid lake blue lake. The ratio of the dye to the mixing solution was 0.9%. Moreover, the mixing solution of the surface layer raw material further comprised 2 parts of 250 HBR cellulose and 2.5 parts of M30 bactericide. The thickness of the surface layer prepared was 0.05 mm. The curing temperature was −20° C. and the curing time was 30 h.

[0505] The power-generating building material surface layer prepared in the present Example had a weighted average transmittance of 55% between 300 nm and 1,300 nm and a haze of 70%.

[0506] FIGS. 13 and 14 showed a structural diagram of a power-generating building material.

[0507] The power-generating building material comprised a protective layer of the surface of the building material, a photoelectric conversion layer and a substrate layer of the building material.

[0508] The substrate layer of the building material comprised one of glass, metal plate, cement-based fiber board, flexible plastic film and ceramic tile.

[0509] The photoelectric conversion layer comprised copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cell, gallium arsenide (GaAs) solar cell, amorphous silicon solar cell, cadmium telluride (CdTe) solar cell, dye-sensitized solar cell, copper zinc tin sulfur (CZTS) solar cell, or perovskite solar cell.

[0510] The protective layer of the surface of the building material had a weighted average transmittance of 10% to 85% over a wavelength range of 300 nm to 1,300 nm. The thickness of the protective layer was 0.01 mm to 5 mm. A thicker protective layer of the surface of the building material can bring a better protection effect, but can lead to a reduction in transmittance.

Example 22

[0511] A power-generating building material comprised a substrate, which was a flexible stainless steel foil and had a thickness of 0.2 mm. A photoelectric conversion layer was disposed on the substrate and had wires to extract electrodes. A protective layer of surface of the building material was disposed on the photoelectric conversion layer.

[0512] The preparation process was as follows:

[0513] The flexible stainless steel foil substrate was washed and placed in a magnetron sputtering machine. In order to prevent the elements in the stainless steel from diffusing into the solar cell, firstly, a 0.5 μm WTi barrier layer was sputtered. The working gas was Ar gas. The sputtering gas pressure was 0.7 Pa. The background vacuum was 2.0×10.sup.−3 Pa. The substrate was not heated during sputtering. The Mo film was prepared by a three-sublayer process. The sputtering pressure of the first layer was 1.5 Pa. The sputtering pressure of the second layer was 0.6 Pa. The sputtering pressure of the third layer was 1.5 Pa. A 1.2 μm CIGS film was deposited by sputtering on the Mo film at a sputtering gas pressure of 0.7 Pa and a background vacuum of 1.5×10.sup.−3 Pa, followed by selenization annealing treatment. The selenized film was placed in a mixing solution of cadmium sulfate, thiourea, and ammonia, 50 nm CdS was deposited. Then, the film was placed in the sputtering chamber again. The working gas was 02 and Ar. The sputtering pressure was 0.7 Pa. The background vacuum was 2.0×10.sup.−3 Pa. The substrate temperature was kept at 200° C. during sputtering. Intrinsic ZnO film and AZO film were deposited, separately. Finally, a NiAl gate was deposited by evaporation to prepare a flexible CIGS thin-film solar cell panel. A layer of aluminum nitride with a thickness of 3 μm was deposited by RF sputtering to finally prepare the power-generating layer.

[0514] The raw materials of the protective layer of the surface of the building material comprised: based on parts by weight, 155 parts of mother liquor and 7 parts of pigment, which comprised the same weight of titanium dioxide, iron oxide red powder, iron oxide yellow, phthalocyanine blue and chromium oxide green. The mother liquor comprised 764 parts of deionized water, 0.4 part of A1522 cross-linking agent, 3 parts of 250 HBR cellulose, 1.5 parts of 5040 dispersing agent, 1.5 parts of AMP-95 multifunctional auxiliary agent, 2.5 parts of M30 bactericide, 21 parts of R103 forming agent, 4 parts of ethylene glycol, 9.5 parts of C-12 film forming auxiliary agent, 0.1 part of silicone light diffusing agent, 0.02 part of semiconductor cerium oxide quantum dot and 0.001 part of graphene, 21 parts of non-soap-polymerized silicone acrylic emulsion, 90 parts of self-crosslinked silicone acrylic emulsion copolymerized with a core-shell structure and 70 parts of silicone grafted acrylate emulsion. The protective layer of the surface of the building material was prepared by printing method. The thickness of the protective layer of the surface of the building material was 0.5 mm. The sample of the protective layer of the surface of the building material was cured at 100° C. for 0.1 s to obtain the power-generating building material.

[0515] The structure of the power-generating building material prepared in Example 22 was shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, and the photoelectric conversion rate of the prepared power-generating building material was 12.3%.

[0516] FIG. 12 showed an I-V curve of the power-generating building material prepared according to Example 22.

Example 23

[0517] A photovoltaic building material comprised the substrate, which was glass and had a thickness of 2.0 mm. A photoelectric conversion layer was disposed on the substrate and had wires to extract electrodes. The process for preparing the photoelectric conversion layer was similar to that of Example 1, except that the CIGS film was replaced with copper zinc tin sulfur selenium film and the post-treatment process of the CZTSSE film was replaced with selenization or vulcanization. A barrier layer was disposed on the cell layer. The barrier layer was EVA and glass. The protective layer of the surface of the building material was prepared by manual spraying method.

[0518] The raw materials of the protective layer of the surface of the building material comprised: based on parts by weight, 186 parts of mother liquor and 5 parts of pigment. The mother liquor comprised 45 parts of potassium water glass and 130 parts of filler, which was a mixture of talcum powder, calcium carbonate and kaolin in a weight ratio of 2:1:1. The mother liquor further comprised 0.2 part of silicone resin, 3 parts of silicone gel, 1 part of dodecanol ester, 6 parts of vinyl triamine, 20 parts of water and 0.2 part of barium sulfate light diffusing agent. 5 parts of pigment comprised titanium dioxide, iron oxide red powder, iron oxide yellow, phthalocyanine blue, mineral green and realgar. The thickness of the prepared protective layer was 2 mm. The curing temperature was 20° C. The curing time was 20 h.

[0519] The structure of the power-generating building material prepared in Example 23 was shown in FIGS. 15 and 16. The photoelectric conversion rate of the prepared power-generating building material was 7.3%.

Example 24

[0520] A photovoltaic building material comprised the substrate, which was glass and had a thickness of 8.0 mm. A photoelectric conversion layer was disposed on the substrate and had wires to extract electrodes. The photoelectric conversion layer was a CdTe solar cell. A barrier layer was disposed on the cell layer. The barrier layer was PVB and ETFE. The protective layer of the surface of the building material was arranged on the barrier layer and had a thickness of 5 mm.

[0521] The raw materials of the protective layer of the surface of the building material comprised: based on parts by weight, 100 parts of mother liquor and 5 parts of pigment. The mother liquor raw material comprises a base material, a filler and an auxiliary agent, in which the base material was 60 parts, the filler was 18 parts and the auxiliary agent was 3.8 parts. The base material comprised fluorocarbon resin. The pigment comprised mica, coral, cadmium red, iron blue and organic green. The filler comprised wollastonite powder, quartz powder and bentonite in a weight ratio of 1:1.5:0.8. The auxiliary agent comprised 0.2 part of dimethyl sulfoxide, 1.1 parts of sodium polycarboxylate, 0.3 part of emulsified silicone oil, 1.5 parts of dodecyl alcohol, 0.2 part of o-phenyl phenol and 0.5 part of methyl cellulose.

[0522] The liquid mixed raw material of the protective layer was coated on the surface of the photoelectric conversion layer in a spraying manner, and was cured at the temperature of −10° C. for 72 h to obtain the power-generating building material.

[0523] The structure of the power-generating building material prepared in Example 24 was shown in FIGS. 15 and 16. The photoelectric conversion rate of the prepared power-generating building material was 13.7%.

Example 25

[0524] A photovoltaic building material comprised a substrate, which was a polytetrafluoroethylene plate and had a thickness of 5.0 mm. A photoelectric conversion layer, which was amorphous silicon cell, was disposed on the substrate and had wires to extract electrodes. A barrier layer was disposed on the cell layer. The barrier layer was made with a silicon dioxide film and had a thickness of 5 μm. The silicon dioxide was prepared by reactive sputtering. The reactive sputtering was carried out after the vacuum chamber was pumped to pressure of 2.0×10.sup.−3 Pa. The sputtering was carried out under the constant power sputtering of 600 W, the sputtering gas pressure of 0.6 Pa, the sputtering atmosphere of Ar and O.sub.2, wherein Ar:O.sub.2 was 3:1. The target was monocrystalline silicon with 6N purity. The target base distance was 60 mm.

[0525] The protective layer of the surface of the building material was prepared by printing method. The raw materials comprised: in parts by weight, 240 parts of mother liquor and 10 parts of pigment. The mother liquor comprised 75 parts of sodium water glass and 112 parts of filler, which was a mixture of wollastonite powder, aluminum silicate and kaolin in a weight ratio of 3:2:5 The mother liquor further comprised 0.1 part of silicone resin, 5 parts of methyl cellulose, 5 parts of dodecanol ester, 6 parts of m-phenylenediamine, 14 parts of water and 0.05 part of silicone light diffusing agent. The pigment was 10 parts of phthalocyanine pigment. The thickness of the prepared protective layer was 1 mm. The sample of the prepared protective layer of the surface of the building material was cured for 2 h at a temperature of 50° C. to obtain a power-generating building material.

[0526] The structure of the power-generating building material prepared in Example 25 was shown in FIGS. 13 and 14. The photoelectric conversion rate of the prepared power-generating building material was 8.3%.

[0527] FIGS. 19 and 20 showed a novel power-generating building material.

[0528] From top to bottom, the power-generating building material sequentially comprised a protective layer of the surface of the building material, a photoelectric conversion layer, a functional layer and a substrate layer of the building material.

[0529] The photoelectric conversion layer comprised a crystalline silicon solar cell component or a thin film solar cell component, or a thin film solar cell chip or a crystalline silicon solar cell chip with a barrier layer.

[0530] The protective layer of the surface of the building material had a weighted average transmittance of 10% to 85% over a wavelength range of 300 nm to 1,300 nm. The thickness of the protective layer of the surface of the building material was 0.01 mm to 5 mm. A thicker protective layer of the surface of the building material can bring better protection effect, but can lead to reduction in the transmittance of the protective layer of the surface of the building material.

Example 26

[0531] A power-generating building material comprised a photoelectric conversion layer that was a commercially available monocrystalline silicon cell chip, a functional layer that was a PVB glue film, and a substrate layer of the building material that was a ceramic tile. The cell chip was pasted on the ceramic tile with PVB in a laminated package manner. A silicon dioxide barrier layer was arranged on the chip. The cell chip had wires to extract electrodes. The mixing solution of the raw materials of the protective layer of surface of the building material was coated on the photoelectric conversion layer by a manual spraying method. The thickness of the protective layer of surface of the building material was 2 mm. The mixing solution of the raw materials of the protective layer of surface of the building material was cured at 50° C. for 30 min to obtain the power-generating building material.

[0532] The protective layer of surface of the building material mainly comprised mother liquor and was supplemented with inorganic pigment. The mother liquor was 155 parts by weight and the pigment was 7 parts by weight. The pigment comprised the same weight of titanium dioxide and iron oxide red powder. The mother liquor comprised 764 parts of deionized water, 0.4 part of A1522 cross-linking agent, 3 parts of 250 HBR cellulose, 1.5 parts of 5040 dispersing agent, 1.5 parts of AMP-95 multifunctional auxiliary agent, 2.5 parts of M30 bactericide, 21 parts of R103 forming agent, 4 parts of ethylene glycol, 9.5 parts of C-12 film forming auxiliary agent, 0.02 part of semiconductor cerium oxide quantum dot, 0.001 part of graphene, 21 parts of soap-free polymerized silicone acrylic emulsion, 90 parts of self-crosslinking silicone acrylic emulsion copolymerized with a core-shell structure and 70 parts of silicone grafted acrylate emulsion.

[0533] The structure of the power-generating building material prepared in Example 26 was shown in FIGS. 19 and 20. The photoelectric conversion rate of the prepared power-generating building material was 15.2%.

[0534] FIG. 18 showed an I-V curve of the power-generating building material prepared according to Example 26 of the present disclosure.

Example 27

[0535] A power-generating building material comprised a photoelectric conversion layer that was a commercially available polycrystalline silicon cell chip, a functional layer that was an EVA glue film, and a substrate layer of the building material that was a cement substrate. The cell chip was pasted on the cement substrate with EVA in a laminated package manner. A barrier layer of EVA and glass was arranged on the cell chip. The cell chip had wires to extract electrodes. The mixing solution of the raw materials of the protective layer of surface of the building material was coated on the photoelectric conversion layer by a printing method. The thickness of the protective layer of surface of the building material was 0.01 mm. The mixing solution of the raw materials of the protective layer of surface of the building material was cured at 100° C. for 0.1 s to obtain the power-generating building material.

[0536] The pigment was 186 parts by weight and the pigment was for 5 parts by weight. The mother liquor comprised 45 parts of potassium water glass and 130 parts of filler, which was a mixture of talcum powder, calcium carbonate and kaolin in a weight ratio of 2:1:1. The mother liquor further comprised 0.2 part of silicone resin, 3 parts of silicone gel, 1 part of dodecanol ester, 6 parts of vinyl triamine, 20 parts of water and 0.2 part of barium sulfate light diffusing agent. 5 parts of pigment comprised a mixture of mineral green and realgar in a weight ratio of 1:3. The structure of the power-generating building material prepared in Example 27 was shown in FIGS. 21 and 22. The photoelectric conversion rate of the prepared power-generating building material was 16.1%.

Example 28

[0537] A power-generating building material comprised a photoelectric conversion layer that was a commercially available monocrystalline silicon cell component, a functional layer that was an EVA glue film, and a substrate layer of the building material that was a tile. The component was pasted on the tile with EVA in a laminated package manner. The photoelectric conversion layer had wires to extract electrodes. The mixing solution of the raw materials of the protective layer of surface of the building material was coated on the component by a silk-screen printing method. The thickness of the protective layer of surface of the building material was 0.5 mm. The mixing solution of the raw materials of the protective layer of surface of the building material was cured at 30° C. for 4 h to obtain the power-generating building material.

[0538] The raw material of the protective layer of the surface of the building material comprised: in parts by weight, 100 parts of mother liquor and 5 parts of pigment. The raw material of the mother liquor comprised a base material, a filler and an auxiliary agent, in which the base material was 60 parts, the filler was 18 parts and the auxiliary agent was 3.8 parts. The base material comprised fluorocarbon resin. The pigment was a natural mineral pigment. The natural mineral pigment comprised mica and coral. The filler comprised wollastonite powder, quartz powder and bentonite in a weight ratio of 1:1.5:0.8. The auxiliary agent comprised 0.2 part of dimethyl sulfoxide, 1.1 parts of sodium polycarboxylate, 0.3 part of emulsified silicone oil, 1.5 parts of dodecyl alcohol, 0.2 part of o-phenyl phenol and 0.5 part of methyl cellulose.

[0539] The structure of the power-generating building material prepared in Example 28 was shown in FIGS. 23 and 24. The photoelectric conversion rate of the prepared power-generating building material was 16.3%.

Example 29

[0540] A power-generating building material comprised a photoelectric conversion layer that was a commercially available copper indium gallium selenide cell component, a functional layer that was PVB, and a substrate layer of the building material that was a polytetrafluoroethylene plate. The component was pasted on the polytetrafluoroethylene plate with PVB in a laminated package manner. The photoelectric conversion layer had wires to extract electrodes. The mixing solution of the raw materials of the protective layer of surface of the building material was coated on the photoelectric conversion layer by a spraying method. The thickness of the protective layer of surface of the building material was 5 mm. The mixing solution of the raw materials of the protective layer of surface of the building material was cured at −10° C. for 72 h to obtain the power-generating building material.

[0541] The mother liquor was 240 parts by weight and pigment was 10 parts by weight. The mother liquor comprised 75 parts of sodium water glass and 112 parts of filler, which was a mixture of wollastonite powder, aluminum silicate and kaolin in a weight ratio of 3:2:5. The mother liquor further comprised 0.1 part of silicone resin, 5 parts of methyl cellulose, 5 parts of dodecanol ester, 6 parts of m-phenylenediamine, 14 parts of water and 0.05 part of silicone light diffusing agent. 10 parts of pigment was phthalocyanine pigment.

[0542] The structure of the power-generating building material prepared in Example 29 was shown in FIGS. 25 and 26. The photoelectric conversion rate of the prepared power-generating building material was 12.3%.

Example 30

[0543] A power-generating building material comprised a photoelectric conversion layer that was a commercially available amorphous silicon thin film cell component, a functional layer that was EVA, and a substrate layer of the building material that was a stainless steel plate substrate. The component was pasted on the stainless steel plate substrate with EVA in a laminated package manner. The photoelectric conversion layer had wires to extract electrodes. The mixing solution of the raw materials of the protective layer of surface of the building material was coated on the photoelectric conversion layer by a spraying method. The thickness of the protective layer of surface of the building material was 3 mm. The mixing solution of the raw materials of the protective layer of surface of the building material was cured at 50° C. for 1 h to obtain the power-generating building material.

[0544] The protective layer of surface of the building material was prepared by an automatic spraying method. The raw materials comprised a mother liquor and a pigment, in which the mother liquor was 70 parts by weight and the pigment was 10 parts by weight. The raw materials of the mother liquor comprised a base material, a filler and an auxiliary agent, in which the base material was 70 parts, the filler was 30 parts and the auxiliary agent was 6 parts. The base material comprised fluorocarbon resin. The pigment comprised an artificial pigment. The artificial pigment was iron blue. The filler comprised quartz powder and precipitated barium sulfate. The auxiliary agent comprised 0.4 part of glycerin, 1.0 part of sodium polycarboxylate, 0.4 part of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, 2 parts of dodecyl alcohol, 0.1 part of ammonium persulfate and 0.6 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.

[0545] The structure of the power-generating building material prepared in Example 30 was shown in FIGS. 25 and 26. The photoelectric conversion rate of the prepared power-generating building material was 8.3%.

[0546] FIGS. 29 and 30 showed a structural diagram of a power-generating building material.

[0547] The power-generating building material comprised a surface layer, a photoelectric conversion device, a substrate layer and an electrode.

[0548] The surface layer consisted of an optical dielectric material with an atomization scattering effect and a texture phase.

[0549] The photoelectric conversion device sequentially comprised a photogenerated hole collection back electrode, a photogenerated carrier layer, a photogenerated electron collection front electrode and a barrier layer, in which the back electrode and the front electrode are provided with a current collection device. The current collection device is electrically connected with the electrode.

[0550] The substrate layer was an engineering structural plate and comprised one or more of glass, metal plate, cement-based fiber board, flexible plastic film and ceramic tile.

[0551] The electrode comprised at least one pair of positive and negative electrodes and one bypass diode. The electrode was connected with the system circuit by socket, plug, or junction box.

Example 31

[0552] A power-generating building material comprised a substrate, which was a flexible stainless steel foil and had a thickness of 0.2 mm. The flexible stainless steel foil was cleaned. A WTi barrier layer, a Mo electrode, a copper indium gallium selenide film layer, a cadmium sulfide buffer layer, an intrinsic zinc oxide and an AZO light-transmitting front electrode were sequentially prepared on the flexible stainless steel foil to form a CIGS solar cell. The positive and negative electrodes of the solar cell were extracted by screen printing current collection grid lines, bus bars and the like. The positive and negative electrodes of the power-generating building materials were electrically connected. A 3 μm aluminum nitride was then prepared on the CIGS surface as a barrier layer. Finally, a 1 mm surface layer was prepared on the barrier layer with a printing method. The prepared surface layer can be completely cured after standing for 10 min at 90° C. to obtain the power-generating building material.

[0553] The raw material of the surface layer of the power-generating building material comprised a pigment and a base material and comprised in parts by weigh, 7 parts of pigment, in which the pigment comprised mineral green, carbon black, iron oxide red, iron blue, pearlescent silver, quinacridone and isoindoline. The base material comprised 764 parts of deionized water, 0.4 parts of A1522 cross-linking agent, 3 parts of 250 HBR cellulose, 1.5 parts of 5040 dispersing agent, 1.5 parts of AMP-95 multifunctional auxiliary agent, 2.5 parts of M30 bactericide, 21 parts of R103 forming agent, 4 parts of ethylene glycol, 9.5 parts of C-12 film forming auxiliary agent, 0.1 part of silicone light diffusing agent, 1 part of polymethyl methacrylate sphere with a diameter of 0.8 μm, 21 parts of a soap-free polymerized silicone acrylic emulsion and 70 parts of self-crosslinking silicone acrylic emulsion formed copolymerized with a core-shell structure.

[0554] The structure of the power-generating building material prepared in Example 31 was shown in FIGS. 29 and 30. The photoelectric conversion rate of the prepared power-generating building material was 14.8%.

[0555] FIG. 28 showed an I-V curve of the power-generating building material prepared according to the present Example.

Example 32

[0556] A power-generating building material comprised a substrate, which was a glass and had a thickness of 2.0 mm. The glass substrate was cleaned. A WTi barrier layer, a Mo electrode, a copper indium gallium selenide film layer, a cadmium sulfide buffer layer, an intrinsic zinc oxide and an AZO light-transmitting front electrode were sequentially prepared on the glass substrate to form a CZTSe solar cell. The positive and negative electrodes of the solar cell were extracted by screen printing current collection grid lines, bus bars and the like. The positive and negative electrodes of the power-generating building materials were electrically connected. The CZTSe solar cell were provided with PVB and glass as a barrier layer. Finally, a 0.01 mm surface layer was prepared on the barrier layer with a printing method. The prepared surface layer can be completely cured after standing for 0.s at 60° C. to obtain the power-generating building material.

[0557] The raw material of the surface layer comprised: in parts by weight, 45 parts of potassium water glass, 130 parts of filler, which was a mixture of talcum powder, calcium carbonate and kaolin in a weight ratio of 2:1:1, 1 part of polymethyl methacrylate sphere with diameter of 1 μm and nano-sized barium carbonate, 3 part of silica gel, 1 part of dodecanol ester, 6 parts of vinyltriamine, 20 parts of water, and 0.2 part of barium sulfate light diffusing agent. 0.5 part of silicone and 5 parts of pigment. The pigment comprised carbon black, oxygen, phthalocyanine, benzimidazole ketone, pyrrone, mineral green and realgar.

[0558] The structure of the prepared power-generating building material was shown in FIGS. 31 and 32. The photoelectric conversion rate of the prepared power-generating building material was 5.8%.

Example 33

[0559] A power-generating building material comprised a substrate, which was a ceramic tile and had a thickness of 8.0 mm. The ceramic tile was cleaned and dried. A commercially available CdTe solar cell chip was attached to the surface of the ceramic tile in a laminating package manner. A 5 μm silicon dioxide barrier layer was prepared on the surface of the solar cell chip. The electrode of the chip was connected with the electrode of the power-generating building material. Finally, a 3 mm surface layer was prepared on the barrier layer in a mechanical spraying manner. The prepared surface layer can be completely cured at 50° C. for 4 h to obtain the power-generating building material.

[0560] The raw materials of the surface layer of the building material comprised a base material, a filler and an auxiliary agent, in which the base material was 60 parts by weight, the filler was 18 parts by weight and the auxiliary agent was 3.8 parts by weight. The base material comprised fluorocarbon resin. The filler comprised wollastonite powder, quartz powder and bentonite in a weight ratio of 1:1.5:0.8. The auxiliary agent comprised 0.2 part of dimethyl sulfoxide, 1.1 parts of sodium polycarboxylate, 0.3 part of emulsified silicone oil, 1.5 parts of dodecyl alcohol, 0.2 part of o-phenylphenol and 0.5 part of methyl cellulose. The raw material of the surface layer further comprised 5 parts of pigment and 5 parts of polystyrene sphere with diameter of 1 μm and nano-sized barium carbonate. The pigment comprised iron oxide yellow, chrome yellow, iron blue, pearlescent silver, isoindoline, anthrapyrimidine and acetoacetamide.

[0561] The structure of the prepared power-generating building material was shown in FIGS. 33 and 34. The photoelectric conversion rate of the prepared power-generating building material was 13.8%.

Example 34

[0562] A power-generating building material comprised a substrate, which was a polytetrafluoroethylene plate and had a thickness of 3.0 mm. The polytetrafluoroethylene plate was cleaned and dried. A commercially available copper indium gallium selenide solar cell component was attached to the surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene plate in a laminating package manner. The electrode of the component was connected with the electrode of the power-generating building material. As the surface of the commercially available copper indium gallium selenide solar cell component was provided with PVB and glass, the copper indium gallium selenide solar cell component can be used as a barrier layer. Finally, a 1 mm surface layer was prepared on the barrier layer in a manual spraying manner. The prepared surface layer can be completely cured at 30° C. for 20 h to obtain the power-generating building material.

[0563] The raw materials of the surface layer of the building material comprised: in parts by weight, 75 parts of sodium water glass, 112 parts of filler, which was a mixture of wollastonite powder, aluminum silicate and kaolin in a weight ratio of 3:2:5, 3 parts of polymethyl methacrylate and nano-sized titanium dioxide, 0.1 part of silicone resin, 5 parts of methyl cellulose, 5 parts of dodecanol ester, 6 parts of m-phenylenediamine, 14 parts of water, 0.8 part of polymethyl methacrylate sphere with diameter of 1 μm and nano-sized barium carbonate and 10 parts of pigment. The pigment comprised mineral green, iron oxide red, iron oxide yellow, iron blue, pearl silver and pearlite.

[0564] The structure of the prepared power-generating building material was shown in FIGS. 35 and 36. The photoelectric conversion rate of the prepared power-generating building material was 13.1%.

Example 35

[0565] A power-generating building material comprised a substrate, which was an aluminum nitride ceramic plate and had a thickness of 5.0 mm. The aluminum nitride ceramic plate was cleaned and dried. A commercially available monocrystalline silicon solar cell component was attached to the surface of the aluminum nitride ceramic plate in a laminating package manner. The electrode of the component was connected with the electrode of the power-generating building material. As the surface of the commercially available monocrystalline silicon solar cell component was provided with PVB and ETFE, the monocrystalline silicon solar cell component can be used as a barrier layer. Finally, a 5 mm surface layer was prepared on the barrier layer in a slurry manner. The prepared surface layer can be completely cured at −10° C. for 72 h to obtain the power-generating building material.

[0566] The raw materials of the surface layer of the building material comprised a base material, a filler, an auxiliary agent and a pigment, in which the base material was 70 parts by weight, the filler was 10 parts by weight, the auxiliary agent was 6 parts by weight, and the pigment was 1 part by weight. The base material comprised a fluorocarbon resin. The pigment comprised iron blue, pearlescent silver, pearlite, phthalocyanine, benzimidazolone, and pyrrone. The filler comprised quartz powder and precipitated barium sulfate. The auxiliary agent comprises 0.4 part of glycerin, 1.0 part of sodium polycarboxylate, 0.4 part of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, 2 parts of dodecyl alcohol, 0.1 part of ammonium persulfate, 0.6 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 2 parts of polystyrene sphere with diameter of 1p m and nano-sized silicon dioxide. The structure of the prepared power-generating building material was shown in FIGS. 37 and 38. The photoelectric conversion rate of the prepared power-generating building material was 15.9%.

Example 36

[0567] A power-generating building material comprised a substrate, which was a glass and had a thickness of 3.0 mm. The polycrystalline silicon solar cell component was cleaned and dried. As the surface of the commercially available polycrystalline silicon solar cell component was provided with PVB and glass, the polycrystalline silicon solar cell component can be used as a barrier layer. Finally, a 2 mm surface layer was prepared on the barrier layer in a manual blade coating manner. The prepared surface layer can be completely cured at 40° C. for 15 h to obtain the power-generating building material.

[0568] The mother liquor comprised: in parts by weight, 800 parts of deionized water, 0.3 parts of A151 cross-linking agent, 2 parts of 250 HBR cellulose, 0.5 parts of 5040 dispersing agent, 3 parts of AMP-95 multifunctional auxiliary agent, 1 part of M30 bactericide, 15 parts of R103 forming agent, 6 parts of ethylene glycol, 8 parts of C-12 film forming auxiliary agent, 0.1 part of nano-sized silicon dioxide light diffusing agent, 28 parts of soap-free polymerized silicone acrylic emulsion, 70 parts of self-crosslinking silicone acrylic emulsion copolymerized with a core-shell structure and 110 parts of silicone grafted acrylate emulsion. The raw material of the surface layer further comprised a pigment. The pigment comprised 1 part of iron oxide yellow, chrome yellow, iron blue phthalocyanine, benzimidazole ketone, isoindoline and anthrapyrimidine. The raw material of the surface layer further comprised 7 parts of polystyrene spheres with diameter of 1 μm and nano-sized calcium carbonate. The structure of the prepared power-generating building material was shown in FIGS. 39 and 40. The photoelectric conversion rate of the prepared power-generating building material was 17.9%.

[0569] It should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrating rather than limiting the technical solutions of the present disclosure. Although the disclosure has been described in detail herein with reference to the embodiments, one skilled in the art should understand that modifications and equivalent replacements of the technical solution of the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present disclosure will fall within the scope of the claims.