Interlayer for laminated glass, and laminated glass
11318719 · 2022-05-03
Assignee
Inventors
Cpc classification
B32B17/10853
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B32B3/263
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B32B3/28
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B32B17/10036
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B32B17/10935
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B32B3/30
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B32B17/10981
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
International classification
B32B3/28
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B32B3/30
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
Abstract
The present invention aims to provide an interlayer film for a laminated glass that can, even when having a thickness at the thickest portion of 850 μm or more, exhibit sufficient deaeration properties in production of a laminated glass to provide a laminated glass with high transparency, and a laminated glass produced using the interlayer film for a laminated glass. Provided is an interlayer film for a laminated glass having a large number of recesses on at least one surface, the interlayer film for a laminated glass having a thickness T (μm) measured in conformity with JIS K-6732 (1996) and a maximum height roughness Ry (μm) measured in conformity with JIS B-0601 (1994) at a thickest portion, the thickness T and the maximum height roughness Ry satisfying the following expressions (1) and (1′):
Ry≥0.020×T+16.6 (1),
T≥850 (1′).
Claims
1. An interlayer film for a laminated glass having a large number of recesses on at least one surface, the interlayer film for a laminated glass having a thickness T (μm) measured in conformity with JIS K-6732 (1996) at a thickest portion and a maximum height roughness Ry (μm) measured in conformity with JIS B-0601 (1994) at & the thickest portion, wherein the thickness T and the maximum height roughness Ry satisfy the following expressions (1) and (1′):
Ry(ave)≥0.020×T+16.6 (1),
T≥850 (1′), wherein Ry (ave) is an average of the maximum height roughness Ry on a first surface of the interlayer film for a laminated glass and the maximum height roughness Ry on a second surface of the interlayer film for a laminated glass, and wherein the thickness T and the maximum height roughness Ry further satisfy the following expression (3):
Ry(max)≤0.0195×T+33.2 (3), wherein Ry (max) is the larger of the maximum height roughness Ry on the first surface of the interlayer film for a laminated glass and the maximum height roughness Ry on the second surface of the interlayer film for a laminated glass.
2. The interlayer film for a laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the thickness T and the maximum height roughness Ry further satisfy the following expression (2):
Ry≥0.025×T+14.0 (2).
3. The interlayer film for a laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the thickness T and the maximum height roughness Ry further satisfy the following expression (4):
Ry≤0.0159×T+32.2 (4).
4. The interlayer film for a laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the thickness T satisfies T≥860.
5. The interlayer film for a laminated glass according to claim 4, wherein the thickness T satisfies T≥1,000.
6. The interlayer film for a laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the recesses each have a groove shape with a continuous bottom, and the recesses adjacent to each other are regularly formed in parallel to each other.
7. The interlayer film for a laminated glass according to claim 6, wherein an interval Sm between the recesses is 600 μm or shorter.
8. The interlayer film for a laminated glass according to claim 1, which has a laminated structure including two or more resin layers stacked in a thickness direction.
9. The interlayer film for a laminated glass according to claim 1, which has a wedge-shaped cross section.
10. A laminated glass comprising: a pair of glass plates; and the interlayer film for a laminated glass according to claim 1 interposed between the pair of glass plates.
11. The interlayer film for a laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the thickness T satisfies T≤2,800.
12. The interlayer film for a laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the upper limits of the maximum height roughness Ry on a first surface and the maximum height roughness Ry on a second surface are respectively 80 μm.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
(9) Embodiments of the present invention are specifically described in the following with reference to, but not limited to, examples.
Example 1
(1) Preparation of Resin Composition
(10) To 100 parts by mass of polyvinyl butyral (acetyl group content of 1 mol %, butyral group content of 69 mol %, hydroxy group content of 30 mol %) obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol (average degree of polymerization of 1,700) with n-butyraldehyde was added 40 parts by mass of triethylene glycol-di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO) as a plasticizer. They were sufficiently kneaded with a mixing roll to prepare a resin composition.
(2) Production of Interlayer Film for a Laminated Glass
(11) The obtained resin composition was extruded using an extruder into a single layer structure, thereby producing an interlayer film for a laminated glass having a rectangular cross section.
(3) Impartment of Recesses
(12) In the first step, a random pattern of projections and recesses was transferred to both surfaces of the interlayer film for a laminated glass by the following process. First, random projections and recesses were formed on iron roll surfaces with an abrasive material, and the iron rolls were subjected to vertical grinding. Furthermore, by using a finer abrasive material, fine recesses and protrusions were formed on a flat portion formed after the grind In this manner, a pair of rolls in the same shape having a coarse main emboss pattern and a fine sub-emboss pattern were obtained. The pair of rolls was used as a device for transferring a pattern of projections and recesses to transfer a random pattern of projections and recesses to both surfaces of the obtained interlayer film for a laminated glass. The transferring was performed under the conditions of a temperature of the interlayer film for a laminated glass of 80° C., a temperature of the rolls of 145° C., a linear velocity of 10 m/min, and a linear pressure of 0 to 200 kN/m.
(13) In the second step, projections and recesses having a groove shape with a continuous bottom (shape of an engraved line) were imparted to a surface of the interlayer film for a laminated glass by the following process. A pair of rolls including a metal roll having a surface milled with a triangular oblique line-type mill and a rubber roll having a JIS hardness of 45 to 75 was used as a device for transferring a pattern of projections and recesses. The obtained interlayer film for a laminated glass to which the random pattern of projections and recesses had been transferred in the first step was passed through the device for transferring a pattern of projections and recesses, whereby projections and recesses in which recesses having a groove shape with a continuous bottom (shape of an engraved line) were formed parallel to each other at equal intervals were imparted to a first surface of the interlayer film for a laminated glass. The transferring was performed under the conditions of a temperature of the interlayer film for a laminated glass of 80° C., a roll temperature of 140° C., a linear velocity of 10 m/min, and a pressure of 0 to 500 kPa.
(14) The same treatment was performed on a second surface of the interlayer film for a laminated glass to impart recesses having a groove shape with a continuous bottom (shape of an engraved line). The thickness of the resulting interlayer film for a laminated glass was 870 μm.
Examples 2 to 27, Comparative Examples 1 and 2
(15) An interlayer film for a laminated glass was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the types of abrasive materials, the temperature of the interlayer film for a laminated glass, the temperature of the rolls, the linear velocity, the linear pressure, and the pressure employed in the first and second steps were adjusted in such a manner that Ry and Sm on the first surface and second surface had values as shown in Tables 1 to 4 and the interlayer film for a laminated glass after the impartment of recesses had a thickness as shown in Tables 1 to 4.
Example 28
(1) Preparation of Resin Composition
(16) To 100 parts by mass of polyvinyl butyral (acetyl group content of 1 mol %, butyral group content of 69 mol %, hydroxy group content of 30 mol %) obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol (average degree of polymerization of 1,700) with n-butyraldehyde was added 40 parts by mass of triethylene glycol-di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO) as a plasticizer. They were sufficiently kneaded with a mixing roll to prepare a resin composition.
(2) Production of Interlayer Film for a Laminated Glass and First Step of Impartment of Recesses
(17) The obtained resin composition was extruded using an extruder into a single layer structure, thereby producing an interlayer film for a laminated glass. At the same time, a pattern of projections and recesses were imparted to both surfaces of the interlayer film for a laminated glass. Specifically, concurrently with formation of an interlayer film for a laminated glass, a first shape was imparted to both surfaces of the film in an embossing method in which melt fracture was controlled under the conditions of the temperature of the resin composition at an inlet of a die of 150° C. to 270° C., the temperature of a lip die of 180° C. to 250° C. and a line speed of 10 m/min. The resulting interlayer film for a laminated glass had a thickness of 1,000 μm.
Comparative Example 3
(18) An interlayer film for a laminated glass was produced in the same manner as in Example 28, except that the conditions for the embossing method in which melt fracture was controlled were adjusted in such a manner that Ry and Sm of the first and second surfaces had values as shown in Table 4 and the interlayer film for a laminated glass after the impartment of recesses had a thickness as shown in Table 4.
Example 29
(19) An interlayer film for a laminated glass was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the types of abrasive materials, the temperature of the interlayer film for a laminated glass, the temperature of the rolls, the linear velocity, the linear pressure, and the pressure employed in the first and second steps were adjusted in such a manner that Ry and Sm on the first surface and second surface had values as shown in Table 3 and the interlayer film for a laminated glass after the impartment of recesses had a thickness as shown in Table 3.
Example 30
(20) The process up to the first step of the impartment of recesses was carried out in the same manner as in Example 28 to impart recesses to an interlayer film for a laminated glass. Then, to the surface of the interlayer film for a laminated glass to which the first shape had been imparted were imparted projections and recesses having a groove shape with a continuous bottom by the following procedure as the second step of the impartment of recesses. A pair of rolls including a metal roll having a surface milled with a triangular oblique line-type mill and a rubber roll having a JIS hardness of 45 to 75 was used as a device for transferring a pattern of projections and recesses. The interlayer film for a laminated glass to which the first shape had been imparted was passed through the device for transferring a pattern of projections and recesses, whereby projections and recesses in which recesses having a groove shape with a continuous bottom were formed parallel to each other at equal intervals were imparted to a first surface of the interlayer film for a laminated glass. The transferring was performed under the conditions of a temperature of the interlayer film for a laminated glass of 70° C., a roll temperature of 140° C., a linear velocity of 10 m/min, and a linear pressure of 1 to 100 kN/m. The same treatment was performed to a second surface of the interlayer film for a laminated glass to impart recesses having a groove shape with a continuous bottom. At that time, the recesses having a groove shape with a continuous bottom (shape of an engraved line) formed on the first surface and the recesses having a groove shape with a continuous bottom (shape of an engraved line) formed on the second surface were set to have an intersection angle of 20°. The resulting interlayer film for a laminated glass had a thickness of 1,000 μm.
Example 31
(21) An interlayer film for a laminated glass was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the types of abrasive materials, the temperature of the interlayer film for a laminated glass, the temperature of the rolls, the linear velocity, the linear pressure, and the pressure employed in the first and second steps were adjusted in such a manner that Ry and Sm on the first surface and second surface had values as shown in Table 4 and the interlayer film for a laminated glass after the impartment of recesses had a thickness as shown in Table 4.
Example 32
(1) Preparation of Resin Composition
(22) To 100 parts by mass of polyvinyl butyral (acetyl group content of 1 mol %, butyral group content of 69 mol %, hydroxy group content of 30 mol %) obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol (average degree of polymerization of 1,700) with n-butyraldehyde was added 40 parts by mass of triethylene glycol-di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO) as a plasticizer. They were sufficiently kneaded with a mixing roll to prepare a resin composition.
(2) Production of Interlayer Film for a Laminated Glass
(23) The obtained resin composition was extruded using an extruder into a single layer structure, thereby producing an interlayer film for a laminated glass having a wedge-shaped cross section. The extrusion conditions were set in such a manner that the interlayer film for a laminated glass after the impartment of recesses had a thickness at the thickest portion of 1,240 μm and a thickness at the thinnest portion of 790 μm. In this process, the die temperature was adjusted to have a gradient within a range of 100° C. to 280° C. in such a manner that the temperature at the end portion on the thinner side of the entire interlayer film for a laminated glass was lower and the temperature at the end portion on the thicker side of the entire interlayer film was higher, and the lip die was adjusted to have a lip interval of 1.0 to 4.0 mm.
(3) Impartment of Recesses
(24) In the first step, a random pattern of projections and recesses was transferred to both surfaces of the interlayer film for a laminated glass by the following process. First, random projections and recesses were formed on iron roll surfaces with an abrasive material, and the iron rolls were subjected to vertical grinding. Furthermore, by using a finer abrasive material, fine recesses and protrusions were formed on a flat portion formed after the grind. In this manner, a pair of rolls in the same shape having a coarse main emboss pattern and a fine sub-emboss pattern were obtained. The pair of rolls was used as a device for transferring a pattern of projections and recesses to transfer a random pattern of projections and recesses to both surfaces of the obtained interlayer film for a laminated glass. The transferring was performed under the conditions of a temperature of the interlayer film for a laminated glass of 80° C., a temperature of the rolls of 145° C., a linear velocity of 10 m/min, and a linear pressure of 0 to 200 kN/m.
(25) In the second step, projections and recesses having a groove shape with a continuous bottom (shape of an engraved line) were imparted to a surface of the interlayer film for a laminated glass by the following process. A pair of rolls including a metal roll having a surface milled with a triangular oblique line-type mill and a rubber roll having a JIS hardness of 45 to 75 was used as a device for transferring a pattern of projections and recesses. The obtained interlayer film for a laminated glass to which the random pattern of projections and recesses had been transferred in the first step was passed through the device for transferring a pattern of projections and recesses, whereby projections and recesses in which recesses having a groove shape with a continuous bottom (shape of an engraved line) were formed parallel to each other at equal intervals were imparted to a first surface of the interlayer film for a laminated glass. The transferring was performed under the conditions of a temperature of the interlayer film for a laminated glass of 80° C., a roll temperature of 140° C., a linear velocity of 10 m/min, and a pressure of 0 to 500 kPa.
(26) The same treatment was performed to a second surface of the interlayer film for a laminated glass to impart recesses having a groove shape with a continuous bottom (shape of an engraved line).
Examples 33 to 49, Comparative Examples 4 and 5
(27) An interlayer film for a laminated glass was produced in the same manner as in Example 32, except that the types of abrasive materials, the temperature of the interlayer film for a laminated glass, the temperature of the rolls, the linear velocity, the linear pressure, and the pressure employed in the first and second steps were adjusted in such a manner that Ry and Sm on the first surface and second surface had values as shown in Tables 5 to 9 and the interlayer film for a laminated glass after the impartment of recesses had a thickness at the thickest portion and a thickness at the thinnest portion as shown in Tables 5 to 9.
Example 50
(1) Preparation of Resin Composition
(28) To 100 parts by mass of polyvinyl butyral (acetyl group content of 1 mol %, butyral group content of 69 mol %, hydroxy group content of 30 mol %) obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol (average degree of polymerization of 1,700) with n-butyraldehyde was added 40 parts by mass of triethylene glycol-di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO) as a plasticizer. They were sufficiently kneaded with a mixing roll to prepare a resin composition.
(2) Production of Interlayer Film for a Laminated Glass and First Step of Impartment of Recesses
(29) The obtained resin composition was extruded using an extruder into a single layer structure, thereby producing an interlayer film for a laminated glass having a wedge-shaped cross section. At the same time, a pattern of projections and recesses was imparted to both surfaces of the interlayer film for a laminated glass. The extrusion conditions were set in such a manner that the interlayer film for a laminated glass after the impartment of recesses had a thickness at the thickest portion of 1,270 μm and a thickness at the thinnest portion of 820 μm. In this process, the die temperature was adjusted to have a gradient within a range of 100° C. to 280° C. in such a manner that the temperature at the end portion on the thinner side of the entire interlayer film for a laminated glass was lower and the temperature at the end portion on the thicker side of the entire interlayer film was higher, the lip die was adjusted to have a lip interval of 1.0 to 4.0 mm, and the line speed was adjusted to 10 m/min.
(30) Then, in the second step, to the surface of the interlayer film for a laminated glass to which the first shape had been imparted were imparted projections and recesses having a groove shape with a continuous bottom by the following procedure. A pair of rolls including a metal roll having a surface milled with a triangular oblique line-type mill and a rubber roll having a JIS hardness of 45 to 75 was used as a device for transferring a pattern of projections and recesses. The obtained interlayer film for a laminated glass to which the first shape had been imparted was passed through the device for transferring a pattern of projections and recesses, whereby projections and recesses in which recesses having a groove shape with a continuous bottom were formed parallel to each other at equal intervals were imparted to a first surface of the interlayer film for a laminated glass. The transferring was performed under the conditions of a temperature of the interlayer film for a laminated glass of 70° C., a roll temperature of 140° C., a linear velocity of 10 m/min, and a linear pressure of 1 to 100 kN/m. The same treatment was performed to a second surface of the interlayer film for a laminated glass to impart recesses having a groove shape with a continuous bottom. At that time, the recesses having a groove shape with a continuous bottom (shape of an engraved line) formed on the first surface and the recesses having a groove shape with a continuous bottom (shape of an engraved line) formed on the second surface were set to have an intersection angle of 20°.
Example 51
(31) An interlayer film for a laminated glass was produced in the same manner as in Example 32, except that the types of abrasive materials, the temperature of the interlayer film for a laminated glass, the temperature of the rolls, the linear velocity, the linear pressure, and the pressure employed in the first and second steps were adjusted in such a manner that Ry and Sm on the first surface and second surface had values as shown in Table 9 and the interlayer film for a laminated glass after the impartment of recesses had a thickness at the thickest portion and a thickness at the thinnest portion as shown in Table 9.
Comparative Example 6
(32) An interlayer film for a laminated glass was produced in the same manner as in Example 46, except that the conditions for the embossing method in which melt fracture was controlled were adjusted in such a manner that Ry and Sm on the first surface and second surface had values as shown in Table 9 and the interlayer film for a laminated glass after the impartment of recesses had a thickness as shown in Table 9 and that the second step of the impartment of recesses was not performed.
Example 52
(1) Preparation of Resin Composition for Protective Layers
(33) To 100 parts by mass of polyvinyl butyral (acetyl group content of 1 mol %, butyral group content of 69 mol %, hydroxy group content of 30 mol %) obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol (average degree of polymerization of 1,700) with n-butyraldehyde was added 36 parts by mass of triethylene glycol-di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO) as a plasticizer, and they were sufficiently kneaded with a mixing roll to prepare a resin composition for protective layers.
(2) Preparation of Resin Composition for Sound Insulation Layers
(34) To 100 parts by mass of polyvinyl butyral (acetyl group content of 12 mol %, butyral group content of 66 mol %, hydroxy group content of 22 mol %) obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol (average degree of polymerization of 2,300) with n-butyraldehyde was added 78 parts by mass of triethylene glycol-di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO) as a plasticizer, and they were sufficiently kneaded with a mixing roll to prepare a resin composition for sound insulation layers.
(3) Production of Interlayer Film for a Laminated Glass
(35) The obtained resin composition for protective layers and resin composition for sound insulation layers were coextruded using a coextruder in such a manner that the resulting protective layer, sound insulation layer, protective layer, and entire interlayer film each have a cross-sectional shape, a maximum thickness, and a minimum thickness as shown in Table 10. Thus, an interlayer film for a laminated glass having a three layer structure in which a protective layer, a sound insulation layer, and a protective layer were stacked in the stated order was obtained.
(36) In Table 10, the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness of the protective layer respectively refer to the total maximum thickness and the total minimum thickness of two protective layers.
(4) Impartment of Recesses
(37) An interlayer film for a laminated glass was produced in the same manner as in Example 32, except that the types of abrasive materials, the temperature of the interlayer film for a laminated glass, the temperature of the rolls, the linear velocity, the linear pressure, and the pressure employed in the first and second steps were adjusted in such a manner that Ry and Sm on the first surface and second surface had values as shown in Table 10 and the interlayer film for a laminated glass after the impartment of recesses had a thickness at the thickest portion and a thickness at the thinnest portion as shown in Table 10.
(38) The thickness of the sound insulation layer was measured by the following procedure. The total thickness of the protective layers was obtained by subtracting the thickness of the sound insulation layer from the thickness of the entire interlayer film. Specifically, the interlayer film for a laminated glass after the impartment of recesses was cut using a razor blade (Feather FAS-10 single-edged straight razor blade available from FEATHER Safety Razor Co., Ltd.) in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction, and the cross section was observed with a microscope (DSX-100 available from Olympus Corporation). Using measurement software provided with the microscope, the distance between two interfaces between the respective protective layers and the sound insulation layer was measured, and the obtained value was taken as the thickness of the sound insulation layer. The measurement was performed in an environment of 23° C. and 30 RH %.
Examples 53 to 56, Comparative Example 7
(39) An interlayer film for a laminated glass was produced in the same manner as in Example 52, except that the types of abrasive materials, the temperature of the interlayer film for a laminated glass, the temperature of the rolls, the linear velocity, the linear pressure, and the pressure employed in the first and second steps were adjusted in such a manner that the composition and amount of polyvinyl butyral and the composition and amount of the plasticizer used in the protective layers and sound insulation layer and Ry and Sm on the first surface and second surface had values as shown in Table 10 and the interlayer film for a laminated glass after the impartment of recesses had a thickness as shown in Table 10.
Evaluation
(40) The interlayer films for a laminated glass obtained in the examples and comparative examples were evaluated by the following methods.
(41) Tables 1 to 10 show the results.
(1) Preparation of Measurement Sample
(42) Measurement samples were prepared by the following procedure using the interlayer films for a laminated glass having a wedge-shaped cross section in the thickness direction obtained in Examples 32 to 51 and Comparative Examples 4 to 6. Each interlayer film for a laminated glass was cut into a size of 15 cm in length and 15 cm in width as a measurement sample. For measurement at the thickest portion, the interlayer film for a laminated glass was cut into a size of 15 cm in length and 15 cm in width in such a manner that the line passing through the thickness measurement point at the thickest portion and parallel to the extruding direction was made to pass through the center of the resulting piece of the interlayer film for a laminated glass. For measurement at the thinnest portion, the interlayer film for a laminated glass was cut into a size of 15 cm in length and 15 cm in width in such a manner that the line passing through the thickness measurement point at the thinnest portion and parallel to the extruding direction was made to pass through the center of the resulting piece of the interlayer film for a laminated glass.
(43) In the case where the thickest portion and thinnest portion are each at a position within 7.5 cm from the end portion of the film, the measurement sample was cut out from the interlayer film for a laminated glass in such a manner that the sample includes the end portion as a side.
(44) The thickness T of the film was measured in conformity with JIS K-6732 (1996) with a constant pressure thickness gauge (FFD-2 available from OZAKI MFG. Co., Ltd.). The thickness was measured at 5-cm intervals from one end to the other end in a direction perpendicular to the extruding direction of the sample interlayer film for a laminated glass. The thickness at the thickest point was taken as the thickness T at the thickest portion.
(45) The thickness of each of the measurement samples of the interlayer films for a laminated glass having a rectangular cross section in the thickness direction of Examples 1 to 31 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 was measured in the same manner as in Examples 32 to 51 and Comparative Examples 4 to 6, except that the thickness was measured at 5-cm intervals from one end to the other end and the average of the measured thickness values was taken as the thickness of the film.
(2) Measurement of Maximum Height Roughness Ry at Thickest Portion
(46) The maximum height roughness Ry at the thickest portion was measured in conformity with JIS B-0601 (1994). Specifically, the measurement was performed in a direction perpendicular to the groove shape with a continuous bottom or, in the case where the recesses were formed by embossing utilizing melt fracture, in a direction parallel to the extruding direction. The measurement was performed under the conditions of a cut-off value of 2.5 mm, a reference length of 2.5 mm, a spare length of 2.5 mm, an evaluation length of 12.5 mm, a tip radius of a probe of 2 μm, a tip angle of 60°, and a measurement speed of 0.5 mm/s.
(47) The maximum height roughness Ry at the thickest portion was measured along the line passing through the measurement point at the thickest portion and parallel to the extruding direction on the first surface and the second surface, respectively. The same operation was performed on all the measurement samples cut out for the evaluation, and Ry(Ave) and Ry(Max) were calculated based on the obtained Ry values.
(3) Measurement of Interval Sm of Recesses
(48) The interval Sm of the recesses was measured in conformity with JIS B-0601 (1994). Specifically, the measurement was performed in a direction perpendicular to the groove shape with a continuous bottom or, in the case where the recesses were formed by embossing utilizing melt fracture, in a direction parallel to the extruding direction. The measurement was performed under the conditions of a cut-off value of 2.5 mm, a reference length of 2.5 mm, a spare length of 2.5 mm, an evaluation length of 12.5 mm, a tip radius of a probe of 2 μm, a tip angle of 60°, and a measurement speed of 0.5 mm/s.
(49) For measurement of the interval Sm of the recesses, a measurement sample (15 cm in length×15 cm in width) was cut out from the interlayer film for a laminated glass, and the measurement was performed along the line passing through the measurement point at the thickest portion and parallel to the extruding direction on the first surface and the second surface, respectively. The same operation was performed on all the measurement samples cut out for the evaluation, and the average (Sm(Ave)) of the obtained Sm values was calculated.
(4) Evaluation of Deaeration Properties in Production of Laminated Glass
(50) The measurement sample of the interlayer film for a laminated glass was sandwiched between two clear glass plates (15 cm in length×15 cm in width×2.5 mm in thickness), and interlayer film portions protruding from the laminate were cut, thereby preparing a laminate. The obtained laminate was pre-heated in an oven until the surface temperature of the glass reached 30° C. The resulting laminate was placed in a rubber bag, which was then connected to a vacuum suction device. The rubber bag was heated so that the surface temperature (preliminary pressure bonding temperature) reached 90° C. in 14 minutes, while being held under a reduced pressure of −600 mmHg. Thereafter, the laminate was cooled until the surface temperature of the glass reached 40° C., and the pressure was returned to atmospheric pressure. Thus, the preliminary pressure bonding was completed.
(51) Next, the parallel light transmittance of the laminate after preliminary pressure bonding was evaluated by the following method.
(52) Specifically, the parallel light transmittance Tp (%) of the laminate after preliminary pressure bonding was measured using a haze meter (HM-150 available from Murakami Color Research Laboratory) in conformity with JIS K 7105.
(53) The measurement was performed at five points including the central portion at which two diagonal lines of the laminate cross each other and four points at 5.64 cm from the respective corners of the laminate in the diagonal direction, and the average of the obtained values was taken as Tp. The measurement was performed on samples each cut out from the laminate to have a size of 5 cm×5 cm or larger with the measurement point positioned at the center.
(54) Based on the obtained parallel light transmittance Tp, the deaeration properties in production of a laminated glass using the interlayer film for a laminated glass was evaluated based on the following criteria.
(55) ∘ (Good): The parallel light transmittance Tp of the laminate after preliminary pressure bonding was 45% or higher.
(56) x (Poor): The parallel light transmittance Tp of the laminate after preliminary pressure bonding was lower than 45%.
(5) Evaluation of Sealing Properties in Production of Laminated Glass
(57) A measurement sample of the interlayer film for a laminated glass was sandwiched between two clear glass plates (15 cm in length×15 cm in width×2.5 mm in thickness), and interlayer film portions protruding from the laminate were cut, thereby preparing a laminated glass structure (laminate). The obtained laminated glass structure (laminate) was pre-heated in an oven preliminarily heated to 50° C. for 10 minutes. The resulting laminated glass structure (laminate) was placed in a rubber bag preliminarily heated to 50° C., which was then connected to a vacuum suction device. The rubber bag was held under a reduced pressure of −600 mmHg for five minutes, while the temperature of the laminated glass structure (laminate) (preliminary pressure bonding temperature) was maintained at 50° C., and the pressure was returned to atmospheric pressure. Thus, a preliminary pressure-bonded laminate was obtained.
(58) The preliminarily pressure-bonded laminated glass structure (laminate) was placed in an autoclave. After the pressure was increased to 13 atm (1,300 kpa), the temperature was increased to 140° C. and kept for 20 minutes. Then, the temperature was lowered to 50° C., and the pressure was returned to atmospheric pressure. Thus, the final pressure bonding was completed, thereby producing a laminated glass.
(59) The obtained laminated glass was stored at 23° C. for 24 hours after the final pressure bonding, and then heated in an oven at 140° C. for two hours. The resulting laminated glass was taken out from the oven and left to stand at 23° C. for 24 hours. The appearance of the laminated glass was then visually observed. The observation was performed on five sheets of the laminated glass.
(60) The number of laminated glass sheets in which bubbles were observed at a position of 1 cm or more from the end portion was checked, and the deaeration properties were evaluated based on the following criteria.
(61) ∘ (Good): The number of laminated glass sheets with bubbles is 3 or less.
(62) x (Poor): The number of laminated glass sheets with bubbles is more than 3.
(63) The same evaluation was repeated while the pre-heating temperature of the laminated glass structure and the rubber bag temperature were increased in increments of 5° C. from 50° C., and the lowest temperature at which the deaeration properties were evaluated as ∘ (Good) was taken as the sealing temperature.
(64) Based on the obtained sealing temperature, the sealing properties in production of a laminated glass using the interlayer film for a laminated glass was evaluated based on the following criteria.
(65) ∘ (Good): Sealing temperature of 75° C. or lower.
(66) x (Poor): Sealing temperature of higher than 75° C.
(67) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Example Example Example Example Example 1 2 3 4 5 Interlayer Thickness μm 870 1300 1500 1550 1010 film for Recess First Ry μm 49 58 61 63 54 a laminated surface Sm μm 186 200 187 470 200 glass Second Ry μm 46 56 56 56 54 surface Sm μm 175 195 185 472 194 Average Ry(Ave) μm 48 57 59 60 54 Sm(Ave) μm 181 198 186 471 197 Ry(max) μm 49 58 61 63 54 Shaping First step — Shaping Shaping Shaping Shaping Shaping with rolls with rolls with rolls with rolls with rolls Second step — Rolling Rolling Rolling Rolling Rolling imparting imparting imparting imparting imparting engraved engraved engraved engraved engraved lines lines lines lines lines Expression Expression (1): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.020 × T + 16.6 Expression (2): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.025 × T + 14.0 Expression (3): Ry(Max) ≤ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ X 0.0195 × T + 33.2 Expression (4): Ry(Max) ≤ — X X X X X 0.0159 × T + 32.2 Evaluation Deaeration Parallel % 67 64 55 52 70 properties in light production of transmittance laminated glass Tp Judgement — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Sealing Sealing ° C. 75 75 75 75 80 properties in temperature production of Judgement — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ X laminated glass Example Example Example Example Example 6 7 8 9 10 Interlayer Thickness μm 1450 860 1050 1240 1520 film for Recess First Ry μm 64 45 47 45 55 a laminated surface Sm μm 187 188 185 200 200 glass Second Ry μm 62 41 45 49 55 surface Sm μm 185 179 178 200 198 Average Ry(Ave) μm 63 43 46 47 55 Sm(Ave) μm 186 184 182 200 199 Ry(max) μm 64 45 47 50 55 Shaping First step — Shaping Shaping Shaping Shaping Shaping with rolls with rolls with rolls with rolls with rolls Second step — Rolling Rolling Rolling Rolling Rolling imparting imparting imparting imparting imparting engraved engraved engraved engraved engraved lines lines lines lines lines Expression Expression (1): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.020 × T + 16.6 Expression (2): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.025 × T + 14.0 Expression (3): Ry(Max) ≤ — X ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.0195 × T + 33.2 Expression (4): Ry(Max) ≤ — X ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.0159 × T + 32.2 Evaluation Deaeration Parallel % 68 62 60 54 53 properties in light production of transmittance laminated glass Tp Judgement — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Sealing Sealing ° C. 80 70 70 70 70 properties in temperature production of Judgement — X ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ laminated glass
(68) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Example Example Example Example Example 11 12 13 14 15 Interlayer Thickness μm 1050 1420 900 1320 1550 film for a Recess First Ry μm 50 57 35 45 50 laminated surface Sm μm 200 187 186 200 201 glass Second Ry μm 48 56 36 44 48 surface Sm μm 189 185 175 195 198 Average Ry(Ave) μm 49 57 36 45 49 Sm(Ave) μm 188 186 181 198 200 Ry(max) μm 50 56 36 45 50 Shaping First step — Shaping Shaping Shaping Shaping Shaping with rolls with rolls with rolls with rolls with rolls Second step — Rolling Rolling Rolling Rolling Rolling imparting imparting imparting imparting imparting engraved engraved engraved engraved engraved lines lines lines lines lines Expression Expression (1): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.020 × T + 16.6 Expression (2): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ ◯ X X X 0.025 × T + 14.0 Expression (3): Ry(Max) ≤ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.0195 × T + 33.2 Expression (4): Ry(Max) ≤ — X X ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.0159 × T + 32.2 Evaluation Deaeration Parallel % 64 56 47 47 48 properties in light production of transmittance laminated glass Tp Judgement — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Sealing Sealing ° C. 75 75 55 65 70 properties in temperature production of Judgement — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ laminated glass Example Example Example Example Example 16 17 18 19 20 Interlayer Thickness μm 900 1300 1240 1470 1050 film for a Recess First Ry μm 39 48 49 51 43 laminated surface Sm μm 186 500 200 187 505 glass Second Ry μm 35 48 45 52 36 surface Sm μm 175 485 195 185 480 Average Ry(Ave) μm 37 48 47 52 40 Sm(Ave) μm 181 493 198 186 493 Ry(max) μm 39 48 49 52 43 Shaping First step — Shaping Shaping Shaping Shaping Shaping with rolls with rolls with rolls with rolls with rolls Second step — Rolling Rolling Rolling Rolling Rolling imparting imparting imparting imparting imparting engraved engraved engraved engraved engraved lines lines lines lines lines Expression Expression (1): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.020 × T + 16.6 Expression (2): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ X 0.025 × T + 14.0 Expression (3): Ry(Max) ≤ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.0195 × T + 33.2 Expression (4): Ry(Max) ≤ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.0159 × T + 32.2 Evaluation Deaeration Parallel % 50 53 53 53 47 properties in light production of transmittance laminated glass Tp Judgement — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Sealing Sealing ° C. 55 70 70 70 65 properties in temperature production of Judgement — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ laminated glass
(69) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Example Example Example Example Example 21 22 23 24 25 Interlayer Thickness μm 1400 860 1350 1250 1470 film for a Recess First Ry μm 48 39 53 55 57 laminated surface Sm μm 187 186 500 200 187 glass Second Ry μm 48 37 53 48 57 surface Sm μm 185 175 489 194 185 Average Ry(Ave) μm 48 38 53 52 57 Sm(Ave) μm 186 181 495 197 186 Ry(max) μm 48 39 53 55 57 Shaping First step — Shaping Shaping Shaping Shaping Shaping with rolls with rolls with rolls with rolls with rolls Second step — Rolling Rolling Rolling Rolling Rolling imparting imparting imparting imparting imparting engraved engraved engraved engraved engraved lines lines lines lines lines Expression Expression (1): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.020 × T + 16.6 Expression (2): Ry(Ave) ≥ — X ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.025 × T + 14.0 Expression (3): Ry(Max) ≤ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.0195 × T + 33.2 Expression (4): Ry(Max) ≤ — ◯ ◯ ◯ X X 0.0159 × T + 32.2 Evaluation Deaeration Parallel % 48 50 56 61 59 properties in light production of transmittance laminated glass Tp Judgement — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Sealing Sealing ° C. 70 65 75 75 75 properties in temperature production of Judgement — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ laminated glass Example Example Example Example Example 26 27 28 29 30 Interlayer Thickness μm 1100 1550 1000 1200 1000 film for a Recess First Ry μm 45 54 45 47 45 laminated surface Sm μm 189 187 550 300 200 glass Second Ry μm 43 56 45 50 45 surface Sm μm 183 185 530 305 198 Average Ry(Ave) μm 44 55 45 49 45 Sm(Ave) μm 186 186 540 303 199 Ry(max) μm 45 56 45 50 45 Shaping First step — Shaping Shaping Melt Shaping Melt with rolls with rolls fracture with rolls fracture Second step — Rolling Rolling — Rolling Rolling imparting imparting imparting imparting engraved engraved engraved engraved lines lines lines lines Expression Expression (1): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.020 × T + 16.6 Expression (2): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.025 × T + 14.0 Expression (3): Ry(Max) ≤ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.0195 × T + 33.2 Expression (4): Ry(Max) ≤ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.0159 × T + 32.2 Evaluation Deaeration Parallel % 54 48 45 58 60 properties in light production of transmittance laminated glass Tp Judgement — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Sealing Sealing ° C. 70 75 60 70 70 properties in temperature production of Judgement — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ laminated glass
(70) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Example Comparative Comparative Comparative 31 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Interlayer Thickness μm 1050 1050 1490 1150 film for a Recess First Ry μm 50 39 46 38 laminated surface Sm μm 300 202 187 384 glass Second Ry μm 46 35 44 35 surface Sm μm 289 200 185 350 Average Ry(Ave) μm 48 37 45 37 Sm(Ave) μm 295 201 186 367 Ry(max) μm 50 39 46 38 Shaping First step — Shaping Shaping Shaping Melt with rolls with rolls with rolls fracture Second step — Rolling Rolling Rolling — Imparting Imparting Imparting engraved engraved engraved lines lines lines Expression Expression (1): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ X X X 0.020 × T + 16.6 Expression (2): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ X X X 0.025 × T + 14.0 Expression (3): Ry(Max) ≤ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.0195 × T + 33.2 Expression (4): Ry(Max) ≤ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.0159 × T + 32.2 Evaluation Deaeration Parallel % 59 38 37 38 properties in light production of transmittance laminated glass Tp Judgement — ◯ X X X Sealing Sealing ° C. 75 60 65 55 properties in temperature production of Judgement — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ laminated glass
(71) TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Example Exampe Exampe Exampe Example 32 33 34 35 36 Interlayer Thickest Thickness μm 1240 1520 1100 1350 1350 film for a portion Recess First Ry μm 57 62 54 60 51 laminated surface Sm μm 200 201 183 200 180 glass Second Ry μm 55 59 52 61 52 surface Sm μm 187 192 172 187 171 Average Ry(Ave) μm 56 61 53 61 52 Sm(Ave) μm 194 197 178 194 176 Ry(max) μm 57 62 54 61 52 thinnest Thickness μm 790 880 820 800 800 portion Recess First Ry μm 48 44 48 46 52 surface Sm μm 199 194 180 202 181 Second Ry μm 48 48 43 46 52 surface Sm μm 185 195 171 190 170 Average Ry(Ave) μm 48 46 46 46 52 Sm(Ave) μm 192 195 176 196 176 Ry(max) μm 48 48 48 46 52 Shaping First step — Shaping Shaping Shaping Shaping Shaping with rolls with rolls with rolls with rolls with rolls Second step — Rolling Rolling Rolling Rolling Rolling imparting imparting imparting imparting imparting engraved engraved engraved engraved engraved lines lines lines lines lines Expression Thickest Expression (1): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ portion 0.020 × T + 16.6 Expression (2): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.025 × T + 14.0 Expression (3): Ry(Max) ≤ — ◯ ◯ ◯ X ◯ 0.0195 × T + 33.2 Expression (4): Ry(Max) ≤ — X X X X ◯ 0.0159 × T + 32.2 Evaluation Thickest Deaeration Parallel % 64 61 66 65 53 portion properties in light production of transmittance laminated glass Tp Judgement — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Sealing Sealing ° C. 75 75 75 80 70 properties in temperature production of Judgement — ◯ ◯ ◯ X ◯ laminated glass Comprehensive evaluation Judgement on ° C. ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ deaeration properties
(72) TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Example Example Example Example 37 38 39 40 Interlayer Thickest Thickness μm 1080 1340 1550 1100 film for a portion Recess First Ry μm 50 52 56 45 laminated surface Sm μm 183 202 200 300 glass Second Ry μm 48 51 53 45 surface Sm μm 178 200 198 298 Average Ry(Ave) μm 49 52 55 45 Sm(Ave) μm 181 201 199 299 Ry(max) μm 50 52 56 45 thinnest Thickness μm 770 800 970 800 portion Recess First Ry μm 45 43 47 40 surface Sm μm 185 204 195 303 Second Ry μm 42 40 44 40 surface Sm μm 180 195 192 299 Average Ry(Ave) μm 44 42 46 40 Sm(Ave) μm 183 200 194 301 Ry(max) μm 46 43 47 40 Shaping First step — Shaping Shaping Shaping Shaping with rolls with rolls with rolls with rolls Second step — Rolling Rolling Roiling Rolling imparting imparting imparting imparting engraved engraved engraved engraved lines lines lines lines Expression Thickest Expression (1): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ portion 0.020 × T + 16.6 Expression (2): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.025 × T + 14.0 Expression (3): Ry(Max) ≤ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.0195 × T + 33.2 Expression (4): Ry(Max) ≤ — X ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.0159 × T + 32.2 Evaluation Thickest Deaeration Parallel % 62 54 52 55 portion properties in light production of transmittance laminated glass Tp Judgement — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Sealing Sealing ° C. 75 70 70 70 properties in temperature production of Judgement — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ laminated glass Comprehensive evaluation Judgement on ° C. ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ deaeration properties
(73) TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 Example Example Example Example Example 41 42 43 44 45 Interlayer Thickest Thickness μm 1510 1150 1320 1530 1210 film for a portion Recess First Ry μm 47 41 51 51 47 laminated surface Sm μm 188 207 300 205 183 glass Second Ry μm 48 42 46 53 45 surface Sm μm 180 201 398 199 174 Average Ry(Ave) μm 48 42 49 52 46 Sm(Ave) μm 184 204 349 202 179 Ry(max) μm 48 42 51 53 47 thinnest Thickness μm 850 800 820 970 820 portion Recess First Ry μm 34 35 36 37 35 surface Sm μm 182 205 298 202 183 Second Ry μm 36 35 36 39 36 surface Sm μm 180 201 380 200 180 Average Ry(Ave) μm 35 35 36 38 36 Sm(Ave) μm 181 203 339 201 182 Ry(max) μm 36 35 36 39 36 Shaping First step — Shaping Shaping Shaping Shaping Shaping with rolls with rolls with rolls with rolls with rolls Second step — Rolling Rolling Rolling Rolling Rolling imparting imparting imparting imparting imparting engraved engraved engraved engraved engraved lines lines lines lines lines Expression Thickest Expression (1): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ portion 0.020 × T + 16.6 Expression (2): Ry(Ave) ≥ — X X ◯ X ◯ 0.025 × T + 14.0 Expression (3): Ry(Max) ≤ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.0195 × T + 33.2 Expression (4): Ry(Max) ≤ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.0159 × T + 32.2 Evaluation Thickest Deaeration Parallel % 47 47 53 48 51 portion properties in light production of transmittance laminated glass Tp Judgement — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Sealing Sealing ° C. 70 70 70 70 70 properties in temperature production of Judgement — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ laminated glass Comprehensive evaluation Judgement on ° C. ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ deaeration properties
(74) TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 8 Example Example Example Example Example 46 47 48 49 50 Interlayer Thickest Thickness μm 1350 1350 1600 1350 1270 film for a portion Recess First Ry μm 48 53 60 51 51 laminated surface Sm μm 202 480 200 183 180 glass Second Ry μm 50 55 63 52 50 surface Sm μm 200 466 195 178 175 Average Ry(Ave) μm 49 54 62 52 51 Sm(Ave) μm 201 473 198 181 178 Ry(max) μm 50 55 63 52 51 thinnest Thickness μm 800 830 950 830 820 portion Recess First Ry μm 47 43 43 44 47 surface Sm μm 202 490 198 189 186 Second Ry μm 48 35 40 45 48 surface Sm μm 195 480 189 180 178 Average Ry(Ave) μm 48 39 42 45 48 Sm(Ave) μm 199 485 194 185 182 Ry(max) μm 48 43 43 45 48 Shaping First step — Shaping Shaping Shaping Shaping Melt with rolls with rolls with rolls with rolls fracture Second step — Rolling Rolling Rolling Rolling Rolling imparting imparting imparting imparting imparting engraved engraved engraved engraved engraved lines lines lines lines lines Expression Thickest Expression (1): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ portion 0.020 × T + 16.6 Expression (2): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.025 × T + 14.0 Expression (3): Ry(Max) ≤ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.0195 × T + 33.2 Expression (4): Ry(Max) ≤ — ◯ X X ◯ ◯ 0.0159 × T + 32.2 Evaluation Thickest Deaeration Parallel % 52 59 59 54 55 portion properties in light production of transmittance laminated glass Tp Judgement — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Sealing Sealing ° C. 70 75 70 70 70 properties in temperature production of Judgement — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ laminated glass Comprehensive evaluation Judgement on ° C. ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ deaeration properties
(75) TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 9 Example Comparative Comparative Comparative 51 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Interlayer Thickest Thickness μm 1500 1320 1340 1400 film for a portion Recess First Ry μm 60 39 41 35 laminated surface Sm μm 204 200 184 485 glass Second Ry μm 68 41 44 38 surface Sm μm 206 194 178 520 Average Ry(Ave) μm 64 40 43 37 Sm(Ave) μm 205 197 181 503 Ry(max) μm 68 41 44 38 thinnest Thickness μm 920 800 870 820 portion Recess First Ry μm 43 39 33 38 surface Sm μm 198 200 182 503 Second Ry μm 45 40 33 34 surface Sm μm 195 186 179 460 Average Ry(Ave) μm 44 40 33 36 Sm(Ave) μm 197 193 181 482 Ry(max) μm 45 40 33 38 Shaping First step — Shaping Shaping Shaping Melt with rolls with rolls with rolls fracture Second step — Rolling Rolling Rolling — imparting imparting imparting engraved engraved engraved lines lines lines Expression Thickest Expression (1): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ X X X portion 0.020 × T + 16.6 Expression (2): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ X X X 0.025 × T + 14.0 Expression (3): Ry(Max) ≤ — X ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.0195 × T + 33.2 Expression (4): Ry(Max) ≤ — X ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.0159 × T + 32.2 Evaluation Thickest Deaeration Parallel % 64 36 43 34 portion properties in light production of transmittance laminated glass Tp Judgement — ◯ X X X Sealing Sealing ° C. 80 65 65 60 properties in temperature production of Judgement — X ◯ ◯ ◯ laminated glass Comprehensive evaluation Judgement ° C. ◯ X X X on deaeration properties
(76) TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 10 Example Example Example Example Example Comparative 52 53 54 55 56 Example 7 Composition Protective Polyvinyl Butyral mol 69 69 69 69 70 69 of film layer butyral resin group % content Hydroxy mol 30 30 30 30 28 30 group % content Acetyl mol 1 1 1 1 2 1 group % content Degree of phr 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 polym- erization Amount phr 100 100 100 100 100 100 Plasticizer Type — 3GO 3GO 3GO 3GO 3GO 3GO Amount phr 36 37 37 37 39 38 Shape Cross- — Wedge Wedge Wedge Wedge Wedge Wedge sectional shape shape shape shape shape shape shape Total μm 1180 1300 1330 1220 1170 1210 maximum thickness Total μm 720 770 850 730 700 700 minimum thickness Sound Polyvinyl Butyral mol 66 71 71 71 79 66 insulation butyral resin group % layer content Hydroxy mol 22 22 22 22 20 22 group % content Acetyl mol 12 7 7 7 1 12 group % content Degree of phr 2300 2300 2300 2300 2300 2300 polym- erization Amount phr 100 100 100 100 100 100 Plasticizer Type — 3GO 3GO 3GO 3GO 3GO 3GO Amount phr 78 77 77 77 75 60 Shape Cross- — Wedge Wedge Wedge Wedge Wedge Wedge sectional shape shape shepe shape shape shape shape Total μm 160 200 180 150 120 120 maximum thickness Total μm 100 110 120 100 100 100 minimum thickness Shape Thickest Thickness μm 1320 1500 1510 1370 1290 1330 of film portion Recess First Ry μm 61 50 52 52 50 39 surface Sm μm 300 200 205 480 185 205 Second Ry μm 46 48 53 55 49 41 surface Sm μm 398 195 199 466 190 192 Average Ry(Ave) μm 49 49 53 54 50 40 Sm(Ave) μm 349 198 202 473 188 199 Ry(max) μm 51 50 53 55 50 41 Thinnest Thickness μm 820 880 970 830 800 800 portion Recess First Ry μm 36 35 35 42 43 37 surface Sm μm 298 200 200 480 195 202 Second Ry μm 36 35 35 36 44 40 surface Sm μm 380 200 200 470 190 187 Average Ry(Ave) μm 36 35 35 38 44 39 Sm(Ave) μm 339 200 200 475 193 195 Ry(max) μm 36 35 35 42 44 40 Structure of film — Protective Protective Protective Protective Protective Protective layer/ layer/ layer/ layer/ layer/ layer/ sound sound sound sound sound sound insulation insulation insulation insulation insulation insulation layer/ layer/ layer/ layer/ layer/ layer/ protective protective protective protective protective protective layer layer layer layer layer layer Shaping First step — Shaping Shaping Shaping Shaping Melt Shaping with rolls with rolls with rolls with rolls fracture with rolls Second step — Rolling Rolling Rolling Rolling Rolling Rolling imparting imparting imparting imparting imparting Imparting engraved engraved engraved engraved engraved engraved lines lines lines lines lines lines Expression Thickest Expression (1): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ X portion 0.020 × T + 16.6 Expression (2): Ry(Ave) ≥ — ◯ X ◯ ◯ ◯ X 0.025 × T + 14.0 Expression (3): Ry(Max) ≤ — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ 0.0195 × T + 33.2 Expression (4): Ry(Max) ≤ — ◯ ◯ ◯ X ◯ ◯ 0.0159 × T + 32.2 Evaluation Thickest Deaeration Parallel % 52 48 53 59 55 37 portion properties in light production of transmittance laminated glass Tp Judgement — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ X Sealing Sealing ° C. 70 70 70 75 70 65 properties in temperature production of Judgement — ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ laminated glass Comprehensive evaluation Judgement on ° C. ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ X deaeration properties
(77)
(78) According to
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
(79) The present invention can provide an interlayer film for a laminated glass that can, even when having a thickness at the thickest portion of 850 μm or more, exhibit sufficient deaeration properties in production of a laminated glass to provide a laminated glass with high transparency, and a laminated glass produced using the interlayer film for a laminated glass.
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST
(80) 5 Interlayer film for a laminated glass 51 Sound insulation layer 52 Protective layer 6 Interlayer film for a laminated glass 61 Sound insulation layer 62 Protective layer 63 Protective layer 7 Interlayer film for a laminated glass 71 Sound insulation layer 72 Protective layer 73 Protective layer