Rotor with sealing element and ring seal

Abstract

A sealing element and a rotor of a gas turbine having at least one rotor disc and having an annular rotor component arranged adjacently to the rotor disc and having a plurality of sealing elements arranged distributed around the circumference. The sealing elements are fastened to the rotor disc at least in the axial direction. An inner edge portion of each of the sealing elements is adjacent to a sealing portion of the rotor component. In order to provide a seal between the sealing element and rotor component whilst at the same time enabling a relative axial displacement, a ring seal is arranged in a receiving space formed by the sealing element and rotor component.

Claims

1. A rotor, comprising: at least one rotor disc which has a plurality of rotor blade retaining grooves arranged distributed around a circumference and a plurality of fastening projections arranged axially in front of a front side between the rotor blade retaining grooves, and a plurality of sealing elements arranged distributed over the circumference which are fastened by retaining projections to the fastening projections, wherein each sealing element extends at least in a circumferential direction and in a radial direction and forms at least sectionally a portion of a ring-shaped disc and a radially outwardly pointing outer edge portion and an inner edge portion pointing to a rotor shaft and an inner side pointing to the rotor disc and an opposite outer side and each retaining projection arranged on the inner side, wherein the inner edge portion is conical in design on an underside pointing to the rotor shaft, wherein each retaining projection is configured to fasten each sealing element to the rotor disc, and wherein the conical underside forms a sealing surface, wherein a distance between the sealing surface and the rotor shaft on the inner side is smaller than on the outer side.

2. The rotor as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: a plurality of rotor blades which are each fastened with a blade root in the blade retaining grooves and each has a blade platform adjacent to the blade root and enclosing the rotor disc sectionally, wherein in the blade platform in a portion projecting beyond a front side of the rotor disc, a ring segment groove is arranged running in the circumferential direction and opening to the rotor shaft, and wherein the outer edge portions of the sealing elements are mounted at least axially in the ring segment groove.

3. The rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein each retaining projection is formed by a hook pointing to the rotor shaft and each fastening projection is formed by a radially outwardly pointing hook, wherein transmission of centrifugal forces takes place via the outer edge portions; or wherein each retaining projection is formed by a radially outwardly pointing hook and each fastening projection is formed by a hook pointing to the rotor shaft, wherein the transmission of centrifugal forces takes place via each retaining projection; or wherein each retaining projection has a T-shaped form and each fastening projection has a C-shaped form; or wherein each retaining projection has a C-shaped form and each fastening projection has a T-shaped form.

4. The rotor as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: a one-piece or multi-piece sealing ring which bears against the sealing elements on the inner edge portions and is a piston ring.

5. The rotor as claimed in claim 4, wherein a width of the sealing surface in the axial direction is between 0.6 times and 0.9 times a width of the sealing ring; or wherein a width of the sealing ring is between 0.6 times and 0.9 times a width of the sealing surface in the axial direction.

6. The rotor as claimed in claim 5, wherein the width of the sealing surface in the axial direction is between 0.7 times and 0.8 times the width of the sealing ring; or wherein the width of the sealing ring is between 0.7 times and 0.8 times the width of the sealing surface in the axial direction.

7. The rotor as claimed in claim 4, wherein a center of an area of a cross section through the sealing ring is located in the sealing surface in the axial direction.

8. The rotor as claimed in claim 4, further comprising: a circumferential ring surface which limits the position of the sealing ring toward the rotor shaft, and a sealing edge which limits the position of the sealing ring on the outer side.

9. The rotor as claimed in claim 8, wherein an outer diameter of the sealing edge is greater than an outer diameter of the sealing ring.

10. The rotor as claimed in claim 8, further comprising: a supporting edge which limits the position of the sealing ring on the inner side in a play-free manner.

11. The rotor as claimed in claim 10, wherein an outer diameter of the supporting edge is smaller than an outer diameter of the sealing edge and/or greater than the smallest outer diameter of the sealing ring.

12. The rotor as claimed in claim 8, further comprising: a rotor component mounted on the rotor disc, wherein the rotor component forms the sealing edge and the ring surface, wherein the sealing edge has limited axial displaceability relative to the fastening projections at least on account of thermal expansions.

13. The rotor as claimed in claim 12, wherein the sealing edge is axially displaceable in the axial direction by at least 0.2 times a width of the sealing ring with a greater width of the sealing surface, or wherein the sealing edge is axially displaceable by at least 0.2 times a width of the sealing surface in the axial direction with a greater width of the sealing ring.

14. The rotor as claimed in claim 13, wherein the sealing edge is axially displaceable in the axial direction by at least 0.5 times the width of the sealing ring with a greater width of the sealing surface, or wherein the sealing edge is axially displaceable by at least 0.5 times the width of the sealing surface in the axial direction with a greater width of the sealing ring.

15. The rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotor comprises a gas turbine rotor.

16. A rotor, comprising: at least one rotor disc which has a plurality of rotor blade retaining grooves arranged distributed around its circumference and a plurality of fastening projections arranged axially in front of a front side between the rotor blade retaining grooves, a rotor component which is mounted on the rotor disc and has at least limited axial displaceability and has a sealing portion, and a plurality of sealing elements arranged distributed over the circumference, which extend substantially in the circumferential direction and in the radial direction and form a portion of a ring-shaped disc and a radially outwardly pointing outer edge portion and an inner edge portion pointing to the rotor shaft and an inner side pointing to the rotor disc and an opposite outer side and a retaining projection arranged on the inner side, wherein the sealing elements are fastened with the retaining projections to the fastening projections of the rotor disc, wherein the inner edge portion of the sealing elements is arranged adjacent to the sealing portion of the rotor component, and wherein the sealing portion has a conical sealing surface on its radially outwardly pointing side and the inner edge portion of the sealing elements has a sealing edge extending in the circumferential direction and radially inwardly and a circumferential ring surface which extends axially, wherein a one-piece or multi-piece sealing ring is arranged between the sealing surface and the ring surface and the sealing edge.

17. The rotor as claimed in claim 16, wherein the rotor comprises a gas turbine rotor.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) In the following figures, exemplary embodiments for a rotor with sealing element and sealing ring are sketched. In the figures:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment as a perspective section;

(3) FIG. 2 shows a sectional representation of the embodiment in FIG. 1 in the region of the sealing ring;

(4) FIG. 3 shows a second exemplary embodiment corresponding to the depiction in FIG. 2;

(5) FIG. 4 shows a third exemplary embodiment corresponding to the depiction in FIG. 2;

(6) FIG. 5 shows a fourth exemplary embodiment with the sealing ring reversed.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION

(7) A first exemplary embodiment for a rotor according to the invention is sketched in FIG. 1. A rotor disc 01 can be identified which 01 comprises rotor blade retaining grooves 02 arranged distributed around the circumference. Rotor blades are fastened as intended in said retaining grooves 02. Furthermore, the rotor disc 01 has a fastening projection 05 which 05 is configured in the form of a radially outwardly pointing hook.

(8) Adjacent to the rotor disc 01 is located a rotor component 11 fastened to said rotor disc 01, wherein a gap 07 is located between the components 01, 11. In the correct assembly of the rotor disc 01 and rotor component 11, the two components 01, 11 can be displaced about a small path relative to one another. This is used, in particular, to balance different thermal expansions in the rotor with the rotor disc 01 and the rotor component 11.

(9) Also to be recognized is the arrangement of the sealing elements 21 which 21 are fastened to the rotor disc 01 distributed over the circumference in front of the rotor blade grooves 02. For this purpose, the sealing elements 21 have a retaining projection 25 which 25 is configured in this exemplary embodiment in the form of a hook pointing radially to the rotor shaft. The axial fixing of the sealing elements 21 is brought about by the interlocking of the fastening projection 05 and the retaining projection 25. Not shown is the axial fixing which is customarily furthermore present of the sealing elements 21 with a radially outwardly pointing edge portion in a ring segment groove of the rotor blades fastened in the rotor disc 01.

(10) The seal between the sealing elements 21 and the rotor component 11 is depicted in detail in FIG. 2. Likewise, the rotor disc 01 with the adjacently arranged rotor component 11 can likewise be identified. There is a sealing element 21 in front of the front side of the rotor disc 01. In this case, the sealing element 21 bears against a sealing portion 13 of the rotor component 11 with an inner edge portion 23. A sealing ring 29 is used to provide a seal between the two components 11, 21. In order to receive the sealing ring 29, the sealing portion 13 has a shoulder. The shoulder is formed by a sealing edge 15 on the side pointing away from the rotor disc 01 and by a ring surface 14 on the side pointing to the rotor shaft. On the opposite side, the inner edge portion 23 of the sealing element 21 has a conical sealing surface 24. The conical sealing surface 24 in this case is oriented in such a manner that the distance to the rotor shaft pointing away from the sealing edge 15 decreases as the rotor disc draws nearer. Consequently, a limited receiving space for the arrangement of the sealing ring 29 is formed. To this extent, the position of the sealing ring 29 is limited on the side pointing to the rotor shaft of the ring surface 14 of the sealing portion 13 and on the side pointing away from the rotor shaft of the sealing edge 15 of the sealing portion 13 and on the radially outwardly pointing side and the side pointing in the direction of the rotor disc 01 of the sealing surface 24 on the inner edge portion 23 of the sealing element 21.

(11) It is provided in this case that the sealing ring 29 can move to a limited degree within the receiving space, but when the rotor rotates there is a bearing of the sealing ring 29 against the conical sealing surface 24 and the sealing edge 15 and a seal between the sealing element 21 and the rotor component 11 is therefore provided.

(12) A further exemplary embodiment of a rotor according to the invention with the novel seal between the sealing elements 41 and a rotor component 31 is sketched in FIG. 3. What can be seen initially is the rotor disc 01 on which 01 the rotor component 31 is arranged adjacently. Sealing elements 41 are in turn located in front of a front side of the rotor disc 01. A gap is formed between the sealing elements 41 and the rotor component 31, which gap should be sealed in the best manner possible. A possible relative axial displacement of the rotor component 31 relative to the rotor disc 01 and therefore to the sealing elements 41 is in turn made possible by the particular seal between the inner edge portion 43 of the sealing elements 41 and the sealing portion 33 of the rotor component 31. For this purpose, the sealing elements 41 are provided with a conical sealing surface 44 in a similar manner to the embodiment in FIG. 2. A sealing ring 49 rests against the sealing surface 44, said sealing ring 49 likewise having a conical form on the radially outwardly pointing side.

(13) By contrast, the sealing portion 33 has a circumferential groove which is delimited in an axial direction on the outside of a sealing edge 35 pointing away from the rotor disc 01 and on the inside of a supporting edge 36 pointing to the rotor disc 01. In this case, a sealing edge 35 extends pointing radially outwardly beyond the sealing ring 49. To this extent, the sealing edge 35 not only forms the bearing surface for the sealing ring 49, but it likewise represents a limit for the movement space of the inner edge portion 43 of the sealing element 41.

(14) However, the likewise radially outwardly extending supporting edge 36 has a substantially smaller outer radius and the sealing ring 49 projects beyond it. Furthermore, the inner edge portion 43 is located radially outside the supporting edge 36 and to this extent it can move unhindered in an axial direction beyond the supporting edge 36. The supporting edge 36 in this case is particularly used to secure the position of the sealing ring 49 during assembly. During rotation of the rotor, the tilted bearing surface of the sealing ring 49 on the tilted sealing surface 44 of the inner edge portion 43 causes a displacement of the sealing ring 49 facing the sealing edge 35, so that the supporting edge 36 has no function during rotation of the rotor. The position of the sealing ring 49 is therefore delimited during rotation of the rotor by the sealing edge 35 and the sealing surface 44 of the inner edge portion 43, both in the radial direction and in the axial direction.

(15) The position of the sealing ring 49 when the rotor is stationary in the direction pointing towards the rotor shaft is delimited by the groove base with a ring surface 34 on the sealing portion 33 of the rotor component 31.

(16) An embodiment of a rotor similar to the previous example is sketched in FIG. 4. The rotor disc 01 with the adjacent rotor component 51 can in turn be identified, said rotor component also having a sealing portion 53 on the side pointing to the rotor disc 01. In front of the front side of the rotor disc 01 is located the sealing element 61 with the inner edge portion 63. As previously, a conical sealing surface 64 is arranged on the inner edge portion 63. Correspondingly, the sealing portion 53 forms a sealing edge 55 and a supporting edge 56 and has a ring surface 54. Unlike in the case of the previous example, it is provided, however, that the sealing ring 69 has a greater width compared with the sealing surface 64 and, to this extent, the inner edge portion 63 of the sealing element 61 is arranged between the sealing edge 55 and the supporting edge 56 in an axially displaceable manner.

(17) An exemplary embodiment for the second embodiment according to the invention of a rotor for creating a seal between sealing elements 81 and a rotor component 71 is sketched in FIG. 5 to correspond to the depiction from FIG. 2. In turn, the rotor disc 01 with the adjacent rotor component 71 can be identified. Sealing elements 81 are likewise in turn located in front of the front side of the rotor disc 01. In this exemplary embodiment, the rotor component 71 has a sealing portion 73 on the side pointing to the sealing element 81, which sealing portion 73 is provided with a conical sealing surface 74. In contrast, the sealing element 81 has on the inner edge portion 83 a shoulder delimited by a sealing edge 86 arranged on the side pointing to the rotor disc 01 and a ring surface 84. Consequently, a receiving space delimited by the sealing portion 73 and inner edge portion 83 is in turn created, in which the sealing ring 89 is arranged in a similar manner to the previous exemplary embodiment. In the same way, the sealing ring 89 can move in a limited manner in the receiving space, wherein a seal is created during operation. On the one hand, this is brought about by the rotation of the rotor, as a result of which a secure bearing of the sealing ring 89 on the ring surface 84 takes place. Cooling air with a higher pressure than on the opposite outer side of the sealing element 81 customarily flows through the space between the rotor disc 01 and the inner side of the sealing element 81. This greater pressure of the cooling air further causes a reliable bearing of the sealing ring 89 on the conical sealing surface 74.