ANTI-STICK TITANIUM COOKWARE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Abstract

An anti-stick titanium cookware and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The anti-stick titanium cookware includes a titanium cookware body, a titanium cladding element, a heat-conducting element and an anti-stick layer. The titanium cookware body and the titanium cladding element are made of plate bodies, the titanium cladding element is welded on the lower surface of the titanium cookware body, and an interlayer space is formed between the titanium cladding element and the titanium cookware body. The heat-conducting element is accommodated in the interlayer space and contacts the lower surface of the titanium cookware body. The anti-stick layer is formed on the upper surface of the titanium cookware body. The heat-conducting element is fixed on the lower surface of the titanium cookware body through the titanium cladding element. The anti-stick layer is a titanium oxide film formed on the upper surface of the titanium cookware body.

Claims

1. An anti-stick titanium cookware, comprising: a titanium cookware body being made of a titanium plate body, wherein the titanium cookware body has an upper surface and a lower surface opposite to each other, and an accommodating space has a concave shape formed from the upper surface; a titanium cladding element disposed on the lower surface of the titanium cookware body, wherein the titanium cladding element is made of a titanium plate body, the titanium cladding element has a central portion, and an outer surrounding portion surrounding an outer peripheral edge of the central portion, wherein a flange portion is formed by bending the outer peripheral edge of the central portion, so that a height difference is formed between an outer peripheral edge of the outer surrounding portion and the outer peripheral edge of the central portion, wherein the outer peripheral edge of the outer surrounding portion is welded to the lower surface of the titanium cookware body, so that a distance is maintained between the central portion and the lower surface of the titanium cookware body to form an interlayer space between the lower surface of the titanium cookware body and the titanium cladding element; a heat-conducting element accommodated in the interlayer space, wherein the heat-conducting element is fixed to the lower surface of the titanium cookware body through the titanium cladding element, and a top surface of the heat-conducting element is in contact with the lower surface of the titanium cookware body; and an anti-stick layer formed on the upper surface of the titanium cookware body; wherein the anti-stick layer is a titanium oxide film formed on the upper surface of the titanium cookware body.

2. The anti-stick titanium cookware according to claim 1, wherein the anti-stick layer is one of titanium oxide film, a titanium nitride film, and a titanium oxynitride film.

3. The anti-stick titanium cookware according to claim 2, wherein a thickness of the anti-stick layer is greater than 3 .Math.m.

4. The anti-stick titanium cookware according to claim 1, wherein the heat-conducting element has at least one the heat-conducting material layer with a thermal conductivity higher than 100 W/m.Math.K; wherein the titanium cookware body has a bottom portion and a side portion connected to an outer periphery of the bottom portion, the heat-conducting element contacts the lower surface on the bottom portion of the titanium cookware body, and an area of the heat-conducting element is not less than 30% of an area of the bottom portion of the titanium cookware body.

5. The anti-stick titanium cookware according to claim 4, wherein the heat-conducting material layer can be a plate body made of aluminum or copper.

6. The anti-stick titanium cookware according to claim 4, wherein the heat-conducting material layer is a plate body made of graphite or ceramic.

7. The anti-stick titanium cookware according to claim 4, wherein the heat-conducting element has at least one supporting material layer disposed on at least one side of the heat-conducting material layer.

8. The anti-stick titanium cookware according to claim 7, wherein the number of the at least one supporting material layer is two, and the two supporting material layers are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the heat-conducting material layer, and an annular side portion continuously surrounds two outer peripheral edges of the two supporting material layers, so that the two outer peripheral edges of the two supporting material layers are connected together.

9. The anti-stick titanium cookware according to claim 8, wherein the two supporting material layers are iron, steel, or stainless steel plates.

10. A method of manufacturing an anti-stick titanium cookware, comprising: a titanium cookware body preparation step: using a titanium plate body to manufacture a titanium cookware body, wherein the titanium cookware body has an upper surface and a lower surface opposite to each other, and the upper surface of the titanium cookware body forms an accommodating space; a cladding element preparation step: using a titanium plate body to manufacture a titanium cladding element, wherein the titanium cladding element has a central portion, and an outer surrounding portion surrounding an outer periphery of the central portion, and the outer surrounding portion is a flange portion formed by bending an outer peripheral edge of the central portion, so that an outer peripheral edge of the outer surrounding portion and the outer peripheral edge of the central portion have a height difference; a heat-conducting element preparation step: prepare a heat-conducting element, wherein the heat-conducting element forms a plate body that is configured to match with a contour shape of the central portion of the titanium cladding element; a cleaning step: removing grease on the surface of the titanium cookware body and the titanium cladding element; and an assembling step: placing the heat-conducting element between the titanium cladding element and the titanium cookware body, and welding the outer surrounding portion of the titanium cladding element to the lower surface of the titanium cookware body.

11. The method for manufacturing the anti-stick titanium cookware according to claim 10, wherein the heat-conducting element includes a heat-conducting material layer, and two supporting material layers disposed on two opposite sides of the heat-conducting material layer; wherein an annular side portion is formed on two outer peripheral edges of the two supporting material layers by means of welding so as to surround the two outer peripheral edges of the two supporting material layers at 360 degrees, so that the heat-conducting material layer is sealed between the two supporting material layers to form the heat-conducting element.

12. The method for manufacturing the anti-stick titanium cookware according to claim 10, further comprising an anti-stick layer forming step: forming an anti-stick layer through thermal oxidation or plasma oxidation, so that a surface of the titanium cookware body is oxidized to form a titanium oxide film, a titanium nitride film, or a titanium oxynitride film having a thickness more than 3 .Math.m.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The described embodiments may be better understood by reference to the following description and the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0017] FIG. 1 is a schematic assembled side view of the first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0018] FIG. 2 is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of part II of FIG. 1;

[0019] FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the steps of the manufacturing method of the first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the operation method of the anti-stick layer forming step in the present disclosure;

[0022] FIG. 6 is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] FIG. 7 is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of the third embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] FIG. 8 is a schematic assembled side view of the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[0025] FIG. 9 is a schematic assembled side view of the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

[0026] The present disclosure is more particularly described in the following examples that are intended as illustrative only since numerous modifications and variations therein will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Like numbers in the drawings indicate like components throughout the views. As used in the description herein and throughout the claims that follow, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the meaning of “a,” “an” and “the” includes plural reference, and the meaning of “in” includes “in” and “on.” Titles or subtitles can be used herein for the convenience of a reader, which shall have no influence on the scope of the present disclosure.

[0027] The terms used herein generally have their ordinary meanings in the art. In the case of conflict, the present document, including any definitions given herein, will prevail. The same thing can be expressed in more than one way. Alternative language and synonyms can be used for any term(s) discussed herein, and no special significance is to be placed upon whether a term is elaborated or discussed herein. A recital of one or more synonyms does not exclude the use of other synonyms. The use of examples anywhere in this specification including examples of any terms is illustrative only, and in no way limits the scope and meaning of the present disclosure or of any exemplified term. Likewise, the present disclosure is not limited to various embodiments given herein. Numbering terms such as “first,” “second” or “third” can be used to describe various components, signals or the like, which are for distinguishing one component/signal from another one only, and are not intended to, nor should be construed to impose any substantive limitations on the components, signals or the like.

First Embodiment

[0028] Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, a first embodiment of the present disclosure provides an anti-stick titanium cookware (such as pot or pan, or pots and pans) and a manufacturing method thereof. For the sake of explanation, this specification will first introduce the structure of the anti-stick titanium cookware 1, and then introduce the manufacturing method of the anti-stick titanium cookware 1.

[0029] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the anti-stick titanium cookware 1 of the present disclosure includes a titanium cookware body 10, a titanium cladding element 20 (such as a covering element, or a coating element), a heat-conducting element 30, and an anti-stick layer 40 (or an anti-adhesion layer) formed on the surface of the titanium cookware body 10. In addition, the titanium cookware body 10 is made of a titanium plate body 11, the titanium cookware body 10 has an upper surface 111 and a lower surface 112 opposite to each other, and an accommodating space 12 shaped as a concave shape is formed on, above or from the upper surface 111. In this embodiment, the thickness of the titanium plate body 11 is between 0.3 mm and 3 mm.

[0030] The titanium cookware body 10 has a bottom portion 14, and a side portion 15 connected to the outer periphery of the bottom portion 14, the side portion 15 is bent toward (relative to) the upper surface 111, so that the side portion 15 can be connected to the bottom portion 14 to form the accommodating space 12. More particularly, the heat-conducting element 30 contacts the lower surface 112 on the bottom portion 14 of the titanium cookware body 10, and the area of the heat-conducting element 30 is not less than 30% of the area of the bottom portion 14 of the titanium cookware body 10. In this embodiment, the titanium cookware body 10 is a pan, so that the bottom portion 14 is flat, and a handle 13 can be provided and disposed on one side portion of the titanium cookware body 10 to facilitate the user to hold it. However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the bottom portion 14 of the titanium cookware body 10 may be in a concave arc shape or other curved surface shapes, and the cross-sectional shape of the side portion 15 may also be a wavy shape, a line shape, or other shape.

[0031] The titanium cladding element 20 is disposed on the lower surface 112 of the bottom portion 14 of the titanium cookware body 10. The titanium cladding element 20 is also made of a titanium plate body. The titanium cladding element 20 has a central portion 21 and an outer surrounding portion 22 surrounding the outer periphery of the central portion 21. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the central portion 21 can be a planar plate or a curved plate that is shaped to fit the bottom portion 14 of the titanium cookware body 10, and the outer surrounding portion 22 is a flange portion bent from the outer peripheral edge of the central portion 21.

[0032] The titanium cladding element 20 is welded to the lower surface of the bottom portion 14 of the titanium cookware body 10 by welding the outer peripheral edge of the outer surrounding portion 22 to the lower surface of the bottom portion 14 of the titanium cookware body 10, so that the titanium cladding element 20 is fixed on the lower surface of the titanium cookware body 10. As shown in FIG. 2, there is a height difference between the outer peripheral edge of the outer surrounding portion 22 and the outer peripheral edge of the central portion 21, and the central portion 21 is separate from the lower surface of the bottom portion 14 by a predetermined distance, so that an interlayer space 23 (or a mezzanine space, or a sandwich space) can be formed. After the titanium cladding element 20 is welded, the outer peripheral edge of the outer surrounding portion 22 and the lower surface 112 of the titanium cookware body 10 are completely sealed, so that the interlayer space 23 is formed as an airtight space (or a sealed space, or an enclosed space).

[0033] In more detail, the titanium cladding element 20 of the present disclosure can be welded together by means of high-frequency welding, and in order to improve the welding quality, the titanium cladding part 20 is made of a titanium plate body made of the same material as the titanium plate body 11, so that the welding temperature of the titanium cladding element 20 and the titanium cookware body 10 can be consistent so as to avoid welding defects.

[0034] The heat-conducting element 30 is received in the interlayer space 23, and the heat-conducting element 30 is disposed on the lower surface 112 of the titanium cookware body 10 through the titanium cladding element 20. The heat-conducting element 30 is a plate with a uniform thickness, and the contour shape of the heat-conducting element 30 in the direction of the orthographic projection of the titanium cookware body 10 matches with or corresponds to the contour shape of the central portion 21 of the titanium cladding element 20, so that the contour shape of the heat-conducting element 30 can match with or correspond to the contour shape of the interlayer space 23 on the bottom portion surface of the titanium cookware body 10, and the thickness of the heat-conducting element 30 can match the height of the interlayer space 23. In addition, the heat-conducting element 30 has a curvature matching with the lower surface 112 of the bottom portion 14 of the titanium cookware body 10 and the central portion 21 of the titanium cladding element 20, so that the heat-conducting element 30 can be accommodated in the interlayer space 23, and the top surface of the heat-conducting element 30 is in contact with the lower surface 112 of the titanium cookware body 10.

[0035] The heat-conducting element 30 has at least one the heat-conducting material layer 31, and the heat-conducting material layer 31 can be made of a material with a thermal conductivity higher than 100 W/m.Math.K. For example, the heat-conducting material layer 31 can be made of a metal (such as a copper plate or an aluminum plate) with good thermal conductivity. However, the heat-conducting material layer 31 of the present disclosure is not limited to be made of a thermal conductive metal, and in other feasible embodiments of the present disclosure, the heat-conducting material layer 31 can be made of non-metallic materials or composite materials with good thermal conductivity. For example, the heat-conducting material layer 31 can be made of graphite, or high thermal conductive ceramic materials such as alumina, zirconia, silicon carbide, and boron nitride.

[0036] In this embodiment, the heat-conducting element 30 further includes two supporting material layers 32, the supporting material layers 32 are boards each having the same profile shape as the heat-conducting material layer 31, and the supporting material layers 32 are attached to the two opposite sides of the heat-conducting material layer 31. The two supporting material layers 32 can be made of iron, steel, or stainless steel plates, and an annular side portion 33 continuously surrounds the two outer peripheral edges of the two supporting material layers 32 through welding means, so that the two outer peripheral edges of the two supporting material layers 32 are connected together, and the heat-conducting material layer 31 is sealed between the two supporting material layers 32.

[0037] In particular, in this embodiment, since the heat-conducting material layer 31 of the heat-conducting element 30 is sealed between the two supporting material layers 32 and the annular side portion 33, when the heat-conducting material layer 31 is made of low-melting-point metals such as copper or aluminum, and when the temperature of the heat-conducting material layer 31 exceeds the melting point during the welding process of the titanium cookware body 10 and the titanium cladding element 20, the flow of the heat-conducting material layer 31 can be restricted through the two supporting material layers 32 and the annular side portion 33, so that the heat-conducting element 30 can maintain the shape of the plate body. In addition, since the supporting material layer 32 has magnetic permeability, it can induce eddy current with the magnetic field of the induction cooker, so that the anti-stick titanium cookware 1 can be used on the induction cooker.

[0038] As shown in FIG. 2, the anti-stick layer 40 is at least formed on the upper surface of the titanium cookware body 10 of the present disclosure. The anti-stick layer 40 is a titanium oxide film formed on the upper surface 111 of the titanium cookware body 10 through thermal oxidation, and the anti-stick layer 40 is a titanium oxide film with a thickness greater than 3 micrometers (.Math.m). More specifically, by means of thermal oxidation or plasma oxidation, the surface of the titanium cookware body 10 is in contact with oxygen atoms, nitrogen atoms or other working gas atoms, and the titanium atoms react with oxygen atoms or nitrogen atoms, whereby the anti-stick layer 40 can be formed on the surface of the titanium cookware body 10. The anti-stick layer 40 can be titanium oxides such as titanium oxide (TiOx), titanium nitride (TiN), or titanium oxynitride (TiNxOy).

[0039] In particular, in a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the titanium plate body 11 of the titanium cookware body 10 is oxidized in the state of α phase, so that the titanium atoms and oxygen atoms or nitrogen atoms on the surface of the titanium plate body 11 can react to form a titanium oxide film with a rutile crystal form. Since the titanium oxide film in the rutile crystal form has the characteristics of dense texture, high hardness, and non-toxicity, the upper surface 111 of the titanium cookware body 10 is changed or modified from the original metal surface to a ceramic titanium oxide film surface, thus forming an anti-stick surface, the surface hardness of the upper surface 111 of the titanium cookware body 10 is improved so that it is not easy to wear, and is not easy to be oxidized and corroded, and will not release toxicity. In addition, since the titanium oxide film can be closely bonded to the titanium atoms on the surface of the titanium cookware body 10, the anti-stick layer 40 is not easy to peel off, and can be used for a long time without damage.

[0040] The following introduces the manufacturing method of the anti-stick titanium cookware 1 of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4, the manufacturing method S1 of the present disclosure includes: a titanium cookware body preparation step S10, a cladding element preparation step S20, a heat-conducting element preparation step S30, an anti-stick layer forming step S40, a cleaning step S50, and an assembling step S60.

[0041] The titanium cookware body preparation step S10 is to use the titanium plate body to manufacture the titanium cookware body 10. The step S10 of preparing the titanium cookware body can form a planar titanium plate body into the titanium cookware body 10 through different means such as stamping, rolling, forging and the like. The formed titanium cookware body 10 has an upper surface 111 and a lower surface 112 opposite to each other, and the upper surface 111 of the titanium cookware body 10 forms an accommodating space 12.

[0042] The cladding element preparation step S20 is to use the same titanium plate body as the titanium cookware body 10 to manufacture the titanium cladding element 20, and the titanium cladding element 20 has a central portion 21, and an outer surrounding portion 22 bent from the outer peripheral edge of the central portion 21. In addition, the height difference between the outer surrounding portion 22 and the central portion 21 is configured to match the thickness of the heat-conducting element 30.

[0043] The heat-conducting element preparation step S30 is to use at least one heat-conducting material layer 31 to manufacture the plate-shaped heat-conducting element 30, the heat-conducting element 30 can be placed in the interlayer space 23 between the titanium cladding element 20 and the lower surface of the titanium cookware body 10, and the top surface of the heat-conducting element 30 can be in contact with the lower surface of the titanium cookware body 10.

[0044] In the present embodiment, the step S30 of preparing the heat-conducting element includes: using a heat-conducting material to make the heat-conducting material layer 31, using iron, steel, or stainless steel plates to manufacture two supporting material layers 32, assembling the two supporting material layers 32 on the two opposite sides of the heat-conducting material layer 31, and then forming an annular side portion 33 on the outer peripheral edges of the two supporting material layers 32 by means of welding so as to surround the outer peripheral edges of the two supporting material layers 32 at 360 degrees, so that the heat-conducting material layer 31 is sealed between the two supporting material layers 32 to form the heat-conducting element 30.

[0045] The anti-stick layer forming step S40 is to form the anti-stick layer 40 by means of thermal oxidation or plasma oxidation on the titanium cookware body 10. The anti-stick layer 40 is a titanium oxide film with a thickness greater than 3 microns (.Math.m). Through the above-mentioned method, the anti-stick layer 40 can form a titanium oxide layer in the rutile crystal form. In the present disclosure, through higher oxidation temperature and longer time, the anti-stick layer 40 formed on the surface of the titanium cookware body 10 has a larger thickness and a denser crystal structure.

[0046] Referring to FIG. 5, which is a schematic view of a method for forming the anti-stick layer 40 by means of thermal oxidation according to the present disclosure. In this embodiment, thermal oxidation is performed through a heating furnace. The heating furnace can be a vacuum calciner 50. The vacuum calciner 50 has a support frame 51 for carrying the titanium cookware body 10, a heating device 52, a vacuuming device 54, and an air inlet pipe 53 connected to the vacuum calciner 50. In the anti-stick layer forming step S40, the titanium cookware body 10 that has been welded with the titanium cladding element 20 is placed on the support frame 51 of the vacuum calciner 50, and then the titanium cookware body 10 is heated in a state where a vacuum environment is formed in the vacuum calciner 50 through the vacuuming device 54, so that the titanium cookware body 10 is annealed. Then be heated to a predetermined oxidation temperature, and then air, or oxygen, or nitrogen, or nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas is introduced into the vacuum calciner 50 through the air inlet pipe 53, so that the surface of the titanium cookware body 10 is oxidized to form the anti-stick layer 40.

[0047] The cleaning step S50 is to remove the grease and pollutants on the surface of the titanium cookware body 10 and the titanium cladding element 20 through pickling, sandblasting and other means.

[0048] The assembling step S60 is to place the heat-conducting element 30 between the titanium cladding element 20 and the titanium cookware body 10, and the outer surrounding portion 22 of the titanium cladding element 20 is welded to the lower surface 112 of the titanium cookware body 10 by means of welding. In particular, in the assembling step S60 of the present disclosure, the titanium cladding element 20 and the titanium cookware body 10 can be welded by means of high-frequency welding.

[0049] After the assembling step S60 is completed, the titanium cladding element 20 is welded to the lower surface of the titanium cookware body 10, and the outer peripheral edge of the outer surrounding portion 22 can be in close contact with the lower side of the titanium cookware body 10. The interlayer space 23 is formed between the titanium cladding element 20 and the lower side 112 of the titanium cookware body 10, and the heat-conducting element 30 is accommodated in the interlayer space 23.

[0050] It is worth noting that the anti-stick titanium cookware 1 disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention can be not only a pot for cooking dishes or soup, but also a teapot or kettle for boiling water.

Second Embodiment

[0051] As shown in FIG. 6, which is a second embodiment of the anti-stick titanium cookware 1 of the present disclosure. It should be noted that this embodiment is similar to the above-mentioned first embodiment, so that the similarities between the two embodiments will not be repeated. As shown in FIG. 6, in this embodiment, the heat-conducting element 30 is composed of a heat-conducting material layer 31 and a supporting material layer 32, the supporting material layer 32 can be iron, steel, or stainless steel plate body, and the heat-conducting material layer 31 is disposed on one side portion of the supporting material layer 32.

Third Embodiment

[0052] As shown in FIG. 7, which is a third embodiment of the anti-stick titanium cookware 1 of the present disclosure. It should be noted that this embodiment is similar to the above-mentioned first embodiment, so that the similarities between the two embodiments will not be repeated. As shown in FIG. 7, in this embodiment, the heat-conducting element 30 is composed of a plate-shaped heat-conducting material layer 31, and the heat-conducting material layer 31 has a shape and a thickness that match with the interlayer space 23 so as to be accommodated in the interlayer space 23.

Fourth Embodiment

[0053] As shown in FIG. 8, which is a fourth embodiment of the anti-stick titanium cookware 1 of the present disclosure. It should be noted that this embodiment is similar to the above-mentioned first embodiment, so that the similarities between the two embodiments will not be repeated. As shown in FIG. 8, in this embodiment, the titanium cookware body 10 forms a wok structure with a circular bottom portion, so that the titanium cookware body 10 has a circular arc-shaped bottom portion 14, and a side portion 15 connected to the outer side of the bottom portion 14. Therefore, the heat-conducting element 30 and the titanium cladding element 20 are also made to have a curved plate body structure that matches the lower surface of the titanium cookware body 10, so that the heat-conducting element 30 can be fixed on the lower surface of the titanium cookware body 10 through the metal cladding element 20, and the top surface of the heat-conducting element 30 can contact with the lower surface 112 of the titanium cookware body 10.

Fifth Embodiment

[0054] As shown in FIG. 9, which is a fifth embodiment of the anti-stick titanium cookware 1 of the present disclosure. It should be noted that this embodiment is similar to the first embodiment above, so that the similarities between the two embodiments will not be repeated here. As shown in FIG. 9, in this embodiment, the titanium cookware body 10 forms a soup pot structure having a planar bottom portion 14. Therefore, the heat-conducting element 30 and the titanium cladding element 20 are also made to have a planar structure that matches the lower surface of the bottom portion 14, so that the heat-conducting element 30 can be fixed on the lower surface of the titanium cookware body 10 through the metal cladding element 20, and the top surface of the heat-conducting element 30 can contact with the lower surface 112 of the titanium cookware body 10.

Beneficial Effects of the Embodiments

[0055] One of the beneficial effects of the present disclosure is that the present disclosure manufactures the titanium cookware body and the titanium cladding element by using a titanium plate body, the titanium cladding element is welded to the lower surface of the titanium cookware body, an interlayer space is formed between the titanium cladding element and the lower surface of the titanium cookware body, the profile shape of the heat-conducting element is configured to be able to be accommodated in the interlayer space, the heat-conducting element is fixed to the lower surface of the titanium cookware body through the titanium cladding element, and the top surface of the heat-conducting element contacts the lower surface of the titanium cookware body, so that the present disclosure can provide an anti-stick titanium cookware having a good thermal conductivity, a uniform temperature distribution and a non-stick surface.

[0056] In more detail, in the above-mentioned technical solution of the present disclosure, the heat-conducting element can be fixed through the titanium cladding element, so that the heat-conducting element is not easily separated from the lower surface of the titanium cookware body due to thermal expansion and contraction deformation.

[0057] In addition, the anti-stick layer is a titanium oxide layer formed on the upper surface of the titanium cookware body through thermal oxidation means, so that the anti-stick layer is non-toxic, and it is not easy to wear for a long time, and it is also not easy to peel off.

[0058] Furthermore, the heat-conducting element of the present disclosure can be a supporting material layer made of iron, steel, or stainless steel in combination with two sides of the heat-conducting material layer, and the outer peripheral edge of the supporting material layer is sealed through the annular side portion, so that when the temperature of the heat-conducting material layer exceeds the melting point, the heat-conducting material layer and the supporting material layer of the heat-conducting element are combined into an assembled structure through the limitation of the two supporting material layers and the annular side portion limit, so that the shape of the heat-conducting element can be maintained as a plate shape even when the temperature of the heat-conducting element is higher than the melting point of the heat-conducting material layer.

[0059] The foregoing description of the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure has been presented only for the purposes of illustration and description and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching.

[0060] The embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the principles of the disclosure and their practical application so as to enable others skilled in the art to utilize the disclosure and various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. Alternative embodiments will become apparent to those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure pertains without departing from its spirit and scope.