LARGE-SCALE MODEL TESTING SYSTEM OF FLOATING OFFSHORE WIND POWER GENERATION DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING TESTING SYSTEM

Abstract

The present invention discloses a large-scale model testing system of a floating offshore wind power generation device, and a method for manufacturing the large-scale model testing system. The large-scale model testing system comprises a floating wind power generation device model, model response measurement systems and environmental parameter measurement systems. The floating wind power generation device model comprises a floating foundation and a tower, wherein a wind turbine is connected to the top of the tower. A plurality of anchoring devices is connected to the side surface of the floating foundation. Each model response measurement system comprises an IMU unit, a wind turbine monitoring unit and an anchoring tension measurement unit. Each environmental parameter measurement system comprises a buoy-type wave height meter, a wind speed and direction meter and a flow velocity and direction meter.

Claims

1. A large-scale model testing system of a floating offshore wind power generation device, comprising a floating wind power generation device model, model response measurement systems and environmental parameter measurement systems, wherein the floating wind power generation device model comprises a floating foundation (1); the floating foundation (1) comprises pile legs (16), and a support (17) is connected between the pile legs (16); a tower (2) is connected to the center of the upper surface of the floating foundation (1), and has a diameter that gradually decreases from the bottom end to the top end; a wind turbine (3) is connected to the top of the tower (2); a plurality of anchoring devices (4) is connected to the side surface of the floating foundation (1); each anchoring device (4) comprises anchor chains (5) that are connected to the floating foundation (1), and a plurality of anchor blocks (6) connected to the respective anchor chains (5); each model response measurement system comprises an IMU unit (7), a wind turbine monitoring unit (8) and an anchoring tension measurement unit (9).

2. The large-scale model testing system of the floating offshore wind power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the IMU unit (7) is fixed on the lower part of the side surface of the tower (2); the wind turbine monitoring unit (8) is connected to the tail of the wind turbine (3); and the wind turbine monitoring unit (8) comprises power and rotational speed monitoring modules (81) and torque and thrust sensors (82).

3. The large-scale model testing system of the floating offshore wind power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the anchoring tension measurement unit (9) is connected to the side surface of the floating foundation (1), and one end of each anchor chain (5) is connected to the anchoring tension measurement unit (9).

4. The large-scale model testing system of the floating offshore wind power generation device according to claim 1, wherein each environmental parameter measurement system comprises a wave height meter (10), wherein a wind speed and direction meter (11) is connected to the upper side of the wave height meter (10); a flow velocity and direction meter (12) is connected to the lower side of the wave height meter (10), and located below a liquid level; and a plurality of environmental parameter measurement systems is arranged at equal intervals in a circular sea area 250 m to 350 m away from the floating foundation (1).

5. The large-scale model testing system of the floating offshore wind power generation device according to claim 4, wherein an instrument mooring device (15) is connected to the lower side of the wave height meter (10), the instrument mooring device (15) comprising an anchor (18) and a connecting rod (19), wherein one end of the connecting rod (19) is connected to the bottom of the wave height meter (10), and the flow velocity and direction meter (12) is fixed on the connecting rod (19).

6. The large-scale model testing system of the floating offshore wind power generation device according to claim 1, wherein a capacitive height wave meter (13) is connected to the edge of each pile leg (16) of the floating foundation (1).

7. The large-scale model testing system of the floating offshore wind power generation device according to claim 1, wherein a wind speed and direction meter (11) is connected to the upper surface of each pile leg (16) of the floating foundation (1), the upper side of the outer surface of the tower (2), and the center of a hub in front of the wind turbine (3), respectively.

8. The large-scale model testing system of the floating offshore wind power generation device according to claim 1, wherein internal structures of the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) are based on the principle of equivalent stiffness, and simplified in accordance with a real-scale device; an inherent vibration frequency of the simplified system is similar to that of the real-scale device; and a plurality of stress and strain sensors (20) is arranged on the outer surfaces of the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2), respectively.

9. A method for manufacturing a large-scale model testing system of a floating offshore wind power generation device according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: S1, determining a scale ratio of a model according to the law of similarity in Froude number: firstly, comprehensively determining a scale ratio of the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) according to test requirements, production cost, and repeatability of wind and wave environments; then, manufacturing the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) from steel; scaling external profiles of the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) as same as those of the real-scale device according to the scale ratio; S2, performing design and type selection on the wind turbine according to the principle of equivalent similarity of wind thrust: determining a geometrical scale ratio of a wind turbine (3) model through wave height-wave period distribution parameters of a real scale and a model scale and corresponding relationships between wind velocities and wave levels; appropriately correcting geometric shapes of model blades to ensure that the horizontal thrust of the wind turbine (3) on the upper connection of the tower (2) and the thrust of a wind turbine (3) in a real-scale device on the fixed end of the tower (2) meet a Froude number similarity condition, wherein the scale ratio of the wind turbine (3) can be different from the scale ratio of the floating foundation (1); S3, selecting a sea area location of a large-scale model test in conjunction with the selected model scale ratio, wherein the selection process is as follows: a. collecting sea condition information of a working sea area of a real-scale floating offshore wind power generation device to be simulated, and calculating sea condition information required for a test of a model device according to the law of similarity; b. calculating the law of similarity: $H_m=H_p\text{/}\lambda ;$ $T_m=T_p\text{/}\sqrt{\lambda };$ wherein, H is a significant wave height, T is a characteristic period, and λ is a scale ratio; the subscripts p and m represent a real scale and a model scale respectively; c. selecting a sea area under test that meets the law of similarity according to long-term statistical data of sea waves in the sea area under test and the principle of maximum repeatability, by means of comprehensive consideration of sea area location, climate season, weather conditions, offshore distance and test time; S4, setting the manufactured floating wind power generation device model in the sea area under test, and fixing it with the anchoring devices (4); determining lengths and a fixing method of the anchor chains (5) according to the water depths of the sea area under test, collecting force conditions of the anchoring devices (4) through the anchoring tension measurement unit (9), and ensuring that the force conditions of the anchoring systems on the model scale and the real scale satisfy the Froude number similarity condition; and S5, deploying a plurality of environmental parameter measurement systems in a sea area at a certain distance from the floating wind power generation device model; transmitting measurement signals of the respective sensors in the model response measurement systems and the environmental parameter measurement systems to a shore-side data acquisition instrument in real time through a radio signal transmission device for storage.

10. An application of the testing system according to claim 1 in analysis and prediction of dynamic response and generated power of an offshore wind power generation device on a real scale, analysis and prediction of mooring systems of the offshore wind power generation device on a real scale, as well as monitoring and analysis of structural stress and vibration mode information of the wind power generation device.

11. A method for manufacturing a large-scale model testing system of a floating offshore wind power generation device according to claim 2, comprising the following steps: S1, determining a scale ratio of a model according to the law of similarity in Froude number: firstly, comprehensively determining a scale ratio of the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) according to test requirements, production cost, and repeatability of wind and wave environments; then, manufacturing the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) from steel; scaling external profiles of the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) as same as those of the real-scale device according to the scale ratio; S2, performing design and type selection on the wind turbine according to the principle of equivalent similarity of wind thrust: determining a geometrical scale ratio of a wind turbine (3) model through wave height-wave period distribution parameters of a real scale and a model scale and corresponding relationships between wind velocities and wave levels; appropriately correcting geometric shapes of model blades to ensure that the horizontal thrust of the wind turbine (3) on the upper connection of the tower (2) and the thrust of a wind turbine (3) in a real-scale device on the fixed end of the tower (2) meet a Froude number similarity condition, wherein the scale ratio of the wind turbine (3) can be different from the scale ratio of the floating foundation (1); S3, selecting a sea area location of a large-scale model test in conjunction with the selected model scale ratio, wherein the selection process is as follows: a. collecting sea condition information of a working sea area of a real-scale floating offshore wind power generation device to be simulated, and calculating sea condition information required for a test of a model device according to the law of similarity; b. calculating the law of similarity: $H_m=H_p\text{/}\lambda ;$ $T_m=T_p\text{/}\sqrt{\lambda };$ wherein, H is a significant wave height, T is a characteristic period, and λ is a scale ratio; the subscripts p and m represent a real scale and a model scale respectively; c. selecting a sea area under test that meets the law of similarity according to long-term statistical data of sea waves in the sea area under test and the principle of maximum repeatability, by means of comprehensive consideration of sea area location, climate season, weather conditions, offshore distance and test time; S4, setting the manufactured floating wind power generation device model in the sea area under test, and fixing it with the anchoring devices (4); determining lengths and a fixing method of the anchor chains (5) according to the water depths of the sea area under test, collecting force conditions of the anchoring devices (4) through the anchoring tension measurement unit (9), and ensuring that the force conditions of the anchoring systems on the model scale and the real scale satisfy the Froude number similarity condition; and S5, deploying a plurality of environmental parameter measurement systems in a sea area at a certain distance from the floating wind power generation device model; transmitting measurement signals of the respective sensors in the model response measurement systems and the environmental parameter measurement systems to a shore-side data acquisition instrument in real time through a radio signal transmission device for storage.

12. A method for manufacturing a large-scale model testing system of a floating offshore wind power generation device according to claim 3, comprising the following steps: S1, determining a scale ratio of a model according to the law of similarity in Froude number: firstly, comprehensively determining a scale ratio of the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) according to test requirements, production cost, and repeatability of wind and wave environments; then, manufacturing the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) from steel; scaling external profiles of the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) as same as those of the real-scale device according to the scale ratio; S2, performing design and type selection on the wind turbine according to the principle of equivalent similarity of wind thrust: determining a geometrical scale ratio of a wind turbine (3) model through wave height-wave period distribution parameters of a real scale and a model scale and corresponding relationships between wind velocities and wave levels; appropriately correcting geometric shapes of model blades to ensure that the horizontal thrust of the wind turbine (3) on the upper connection of the tower (2) and the thrust of a wind turbine (3) in a real-scale device on the fixed end of the tower (2) meet a Froude number similarity condition, wherein the scale ratio of the wind turbine (3) can be different from the scale ratio of the floating foundation (1); S3, selecting a sea area location of a large-scale model test in conjunction with the selected model scale ratio, wherein the selection process is as follows: a. collecting sea condition information of a working sea area of a real-scale floating offshore wind power generation device to be simulated, and calculating sea condition information required for a test of a model device according to the law of similarity; b. calculating the law of similarity: $H_m=H_p\text{/}\lambda ;$ $T_m=T_p\text{/}\sqrt{\lambda };$ wherein, H is a significant wave height, T is a characteristic period, and λ is a scale ratio; the subscripts p and m represent a real scale and a model scale respectively; c. selecting a sea area under test that meets the law of similarity according to long-term statistical data of sea waves in the sea area under test and the principle of maximum repeatability, by means of comprehensive consideration of sea area location, climate season, weather conditions, offshore distance and test time; S4, setting the manufactured floating wind power generation device model in the sea area under test, and fixing it with the anchoring devices (4); determining lengths and a fixing method of the anchor chains (5) according to the water depths of the sea area under test, collecting force conditions of the anchoring devices (4) through the anchoring tension measurement unit (9), and ensuring that the force conditions of the anchoring systems on the model scale and the real scale satisfy the Froude number similarity condition; and S5, deploying a plurality of environmental parameter measurement systems in a sea area at a certain distance from the floating wind power generation device model; transmitting measurement signals of the respective sensors in the model response measurement systems and the environmental parameter measurement systems to a shore-side data acquisition instrument in real time through a radio signal transmission device for storage.

13. A method for manufacturing a large-scale model testing system of a floating offshore wind power generation device according to claim 4, comprising the following steps: S1, determining a scale ratio of a model according to the law of similarity in Froude number: firstly, comprehensively determining a scale ratio of the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) according to test requirements, production cost, and repeatability of wind and wave environments; then, manufacturing the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) from steel; scaling external profiles of the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) as same as those of the real-scale device according to the scale ratio; S2, performing design and type selection on the wind turbine according to the principle of equivalent similarity of wind thrust: determining a geometrical scale ratio of a wind turbine (3) model through wave height-wave period distribution parameters of a real scale and a model scale and corresponding relationships between wind velocities and wave levels; appropriately correcting geometric shapes of model blades to ensure that the horizontal thrust of the wind turbine (3) on the upper connection of the tower (2) and the thrust of a wind turbine (3) in a real-scale device on the fixed end of the tower (2) meet a Froude number similarity condition, wherein the scale ratio of the wind turbine (3) can be different from the scale ratio of the floating foundation (1); S3, selecting a sea area location of a large-scale model test in conjunction with the selected model scale ratio, wherein the selection process is as follows: a. collecting sea condition information of a working sea area of a real-scale floating offshore wind power generation device to be simulated, and calculating sea condition information required for a test of a model device according to the law of similarity; b. calculating the law of similarity: $H_m=H_p\text{/}\lambda ;$ $T_m=T_p\text{/}\sqrt{\lambda };$ wherein, H is a significant wave height, T is a characteristic period, and λ is a scale ratio; the subscripts p and m represent a real scale and a model scale respectively; c. selecting a sea area under test that meets the law of similarity according to long-term statistical data of sea waves in the sea area under test and the principle of maximum repeatability, by means of comprehensive consideration of sea area location, climate season, weather conditions, offshore distance and test time; S4, setting the manufactured floating wind power generation device model in the sea area under test, and fixing it with the anchoring devices (4); determining lengths and a fixing method of the anchor chains (5) according to the water depths of the sea area under test, collecting force conditions of the anchoring devices (4) through the anchoring tension measurement unit (9), and ensuring that the force conditions of the anchoring systems on the model scale and the real scale satisfy the Froude number similarity condition; and S5, deploying a plurality of environmental parameter measurement systems in a sea area at a certain distance from the floating wind power generation device model; transmitting measurement signals of the respective sensors in the model response measurement systems and the environmental parameter measurement systems to a shore-side data acquisition instrument in real time through a radio signal transmission device for storage.

14. A method for manufacturing a large-scale model testing system of a floating offshore wind power generation device according to claim 5, comprising the following steps: S1, determining a scale ratio of a model according to the law of similarity in Froude number: firstly, comprehensively determining a scale ratio of the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) according to test requirements, production cost, and repeatability of wind and wave environments; then, manufacturing the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) from steel; scaling external profiles of the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) as same as those of the real-scale device according to the scale ratio; S2, performing design and type selection on the wind turbine according to the principle of equivalent similarity of wind thrust: determining a geometrical scale ratio of a wind turbine (3) model through wave height-wave period distribution parameters of a real scale and a model scale and corresponding relationships between wind velocities and wave levels; appropriately correcting geometric shapes of model blades to ensure that the horizontal thrust of the wind turbine (3) on the upper connection of the tower (2) and the thrust of a wind turbine (3) in a real-scale device on the fixed end of the tower (2) meet a Froude number similarity condition, wherein the scale ratio of the wind turbine (3) can be different from the scale ratio of the floating foundation (1); S3, selecting a sea area location of a large-scale model test in conjunction with the selected model scale ratio, wherein the selection process is as follows: a. collecting sea condition information of a working sea area of a real-scale floating offshore wind power generation device to be simulated, and calculating sea condition information required for a test of a model device according to the law of similarity; b. calculating the law of similarity: $H_m=H_p\text{/}\lambda ;$ $T_m=T_p\text{/}\sqrt{\lambda };$ wherein, H is a significant wave height, T is a characteristic period, and λ is a scale ratio; the subscripts p and m represent a real scale and a model scale respectively; c. selecting a sea area under test that meets the law of similarity according to long-term statistical data of sea waves in the sea area under test and the principle of maximum repeatability, by means of comprehensive consideration of sea area location, climate season, weather conditions, offshore distance and test time; S4, setting the manufactured floating wind power generation device model in the sea area under test, and fixing it with the anchoring devices (4); determining lengths and a fixing method of the anchor chains (5) according to the water depths of the sea area under test, collecting force conditions of the anchoring devices (4) through the anchoring tension measurement unit (9), and ensuring that the force conditions of the anchoring systems on the model scale and the real scale satisfy the Froude number similarity condition; and S5, deploying a plurality of environmental parameter measurement systems in a sea area at a certain distance from the floating wind power generation device model; transmitting measurement signals of the respective sensors in the model response measurement systems and the environmental parameter measurement systems to a shore-side data acquisition instrument in real time through a radio signal transmission device for storage.

15. A method for manufacturing a large-scale model testing system of a floating offshore wind power generation device according to claim 6, comprising the following steps: S1, determining a scale ratio of a model according to the law of similarity in Froude number: firstly, comprehensively determining a scale ratio of the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) according to test requirements, production cost, and repeatability of wind and wave environments; then, manufacturing the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) from steel; scaling external profiles of the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) as same as those of the real-scale device according to the scale ratio; S2, performing design and type selection on the wind turbine according to the principle of equivalent similarity of wind thrust: determining a geometrical scale ratio of a wind turbine (3) model through wave height-wave period distribution parameters of a real scale and a model scale and corresponding relationships between wind velocities and wave levels; appropriately correcting geometric shapes of model blades to ensure that the horizontal thrust of the wind turbine (3) on the upper connection of the tower (2) and the thrust of a wind turbine (3) in a real-scale device on the fixed end of the tower (2) meet a Froude number similarity condition, wherein the scale ratio of the wind turbine (3) can be different from the scale ratio of the floating foundation (1); S3, selecting a sea area location of a large-scale model test in conjunction with the selected model scale ratio, wherein the selection process is as follows: a. collecting sea condition information of a working sea area of a real-scale floating offshore wind power generation device to be simulated, and calculating sea condition information required for a test of a model device according to the law of similarity; b. calculating the law of similarity: $H_m=H_p\text{/}\lambda ;$ $T_m=T_p\text{/}\sqrt{\lambda };$ wherein, H is a significant wave height, T is a characteristic period, and λ is a scale ratio; the subscripts p and m represent a real scale and a model scale respectively; c. selecting a sea area under test that meets the law of similarity according to long-term statistical data of sea waves in the sea area under test and the principle of maximum repeatability, by means of comprehensive consideration of sea area location, climate season, weather conditions, offshore distance and test time; S4, setting the manufactured floating wind power generation device model in the sea area under test, and fixing it with the anchoring devices (4); determining lengths and a fixing method of the anchor chains (5) according to the water depths of the sea area under test, collecting force conditions of the anchoring devices (4) through the anchoring tension measurement unit (9), and ensuring that the force conditions of the anchoring systems on the model scale and the real scale satisfy the Froude number similarity condition; S5, deploying a plurality of environmental parameter measurement systems in a sea area at a certain distance from the floating wind power generation device model; transmitting measurement signals of the respective sensors in the model response measurement systems and the environmental parameter measurement systems to a shore-side data acquisition instrument in real time through a radio signal transmission device for storage.

16. A method for manufacturing a large-scale model testing system of a floating offshore wind power generation device according to claim 7, comprising the following steps: S1, determining a scale ratio of a model according to the law of similarity in Froude number: firstly, comprehensively determining a scale ratio of the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) according to test requirements, production cost, and repeatability of wind and wave environments; then, manufacturing the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) from steel; scaling external profiles of the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) as same as those of the real-scale device according to the scale ratio; S2, performing design and type selection on the wind turbine according to the principle of equivalent similarity of wind thrust: determining a geometrical scale ratio of a wind turbine (3) model through wave height-wave period distribution parameters of a real scale and a model scale and corresponding relationships between wind velocities and wave levels; appropriately correcting geometric shapes of model blades to ensure that the horizontal thrust of the wind turbine (3) on the upper connection of the tower (2) and the thrust of a wind turbine (3) in a real-scale device on the fixed end of the tower (2) meet a Froude number similarity condition, wherein the scale ratio of the wind turbine (3) can be different from the scale ratio of the floating foundation (1); S3, selecting a sea area location of a large-scale model test in conjunction with the selected model scale ratio, wherein the selection process is as follows: a. collecting sea condition information of a working sea area of a real-scale floating offshore wind power generation device to be simulated, and calculating sea condition information required for a test of a model device according to the law of similarity; b. calculating the law of similarity: $H_m=H_p\text{/}\lambda ;$ $T_m=T_p\text{/}\sqrt{\lambda };$ wherein, H is a significant wave height, T is a characteristic period, and λ is a scale ratio; the subscripts p and m represent a real scale and a model scale respectively; c. selecting a sea area under test that meets the law of similarity according to long-term statistical data of sea waves in the sea area under test and the principle of maximum repeatability, by means of comprehensive consideration of sea area location, climate season, weather conditions, offshore distance and test time; S4, setting the manufactured floating wind power generation device model in the sea area under test, and fixing it with the anchoring devices (4); determining lengths and a fixing method of the anchor chains (5) according to the water depths of the sea area under test, collecting force conditions of the anchoring devices (4) through the anchoring tension measurement unit (9), and ensuring that the force conditions of the anchoring systems on the model scale and the real scale satisfy the Froude number similarity condition; and S5, deploying a plurality of environmental parameter measurement systems in a sea area at a certain distance from the floating wind power generation device model; transmitting measurement signals of the respective sensors in the model response measurement systems and the environmental parameter measurement systems to a shore-side data acquisition instrument in real time through a radio signal transmission device for storage.

17. A method for manufacturing a large-scale model testing system of a floating offshore wind power generation device according to claim 8, comprising the following steps: S1, determining a scale ratio of a model according to the law of similarity in Froude number: firstly, comprehensively determining a scale ratio of the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) according to test requirements, production cost, and repeatability of wind and wave environments; then, manufacturing the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) from steel; scaling external profiles of the floating foundation (1) and the tower (2) as same as those of the real-scale device according to the scale ratio; S2, performing design and type selection on the wind turbine according to the principle of equivalent similarity of wind thrust: determining a geometrical scale ratio of a wind turbine (3) model through wave height-wave period distribution parameters of a real scale and a model scale and corresponding relationships between wind velocities and wave levels; appropriately correcting geometric shapes of model blades to ensure that the horizontal thrust of the wind turbine (3) on the upper connection of the tower (2) and the thrust of a wind turbine (3) in a real-scale device on the fixed end of the tower (2) meet a Froude number similarity condition, wherein the scale ratio of the wind turbine (3) can be different from the scale ratio of the floating foundation (1); S3, selecting a sea area location of a large-scale model test in conjunction with the selected model scale ratio, wherein the selection process is as follows: a. collecting sea condition information of a working sea area of a real-scale floating offshore wind power generation device to be simulated, and calculating sea condition information required for a test of a model device according to the law of similarity; b. calculating the law of similarity: $H_m=H_p\text{/}\lambda ;$ $T_m=T_p\text{/}\sqrt{\lambda };$ wherein, H is a significant wave height, T is a characteristic period, and λ is a scale ratio; the subscripts p and m represent a real scale and a model scale respectively; c. selecting a sea area under test that meets the law of similarity according to long-term statistical data of sea waves in the sea area under test and the principle of maximum repeatability, by means of comprehensive consideration of sea area location, climate season, weather conditions, offshore distance and test time; S4, setting the manufactured floating wind power generation device model in the sea area under test, and fixing it with the anchoring devices (4); determining lengths and a fixing method of the anchor chains (5) according to the water depths of the sea area under test, collecting force conditions of the anchoring devices (4) through the anchoring tension measurement unit (9), and ensuring that the force conditions of the anchoring systems on the model scale and the real scale satisfy the Froude number similarity condition; and S5, deploying a plurality of environmental parameter measurement systems in a sea area at a certain distance from the floating wind power generation device model; transmitting measurement signals of the respective sensors in the model response measurement systems and the environmental parameter measurement systems to a shore-side data acquisition instrument in real time through a radio signal transmission device for storage.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0041] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-scale model of a floating offshore wind power generation device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated environmental monitoring instrument in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a remote monitoring system for monitoring data in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] FIG. 4 is a flowchart of sea condition selection for a large-scale model test in an embodiment of the present invention; and

[0045] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an installation position of a wind turbine monitoring unit in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] The reference symbols represent the following components: 1—floating foundation; 2—tower; 3—wind turbine; 4—anchoring device; 5—anchor chain; 6—anchor block; 7—IMU unit; 8—wind turbine monitoring unit; 9—anchoring tension measurement unit; 10—buoy-type wave height meter; 11—wind speed and direction meter; 12—flow velocity and direction meter; 13—capacitive wave height meter; 15—instrument mooring device; 16—pile legs; 17—support; 18—anchor; 19—connecting rod; 20—stress and strain sensors; 81—power and rotational speed monitoring modules; 82—torque and thrust sensors.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiment 1

[0047] As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 5, a large-scale model testing system of a floating offshore wind power generation device comprises a floating wind power generation device model, model response measurement systems and environmental parameter measurement systems, wherein the floating wind power generation device model comprises a floating foundation 1; the floating foundation 1 comprises pile legs 16, and a support 17 is connected between the pile legs 16; a tower 2 is connected to the center of the upper surface of the floating foundation 1, and has a diameter that gradually decreases from the bottom end to the top end; a wind turbine 3 is connected to the top of the tower 2; a plurality of anchoring devices 4 is connected to the side surface of the floating foundation 1; each anchoring device 4 comprises anchor chains 5 that are connected to the floating foundation 1, and a plurality of anchor blocks 6 connected to the respective anchor chains 5; the model response measurement system comprises an IMU unit 7, a wind turbine monitoring unit 8 and an anchoring tension measurement unit 9.

[0048] Preferably, the IMU unit 7 is fixed on the lower part of the side surface of the tower 2; and the IMU unit 7 may be configured to measure six-degree-of-freedom motion and acceleration information of a floating foundation 1.

[0049] Preferably, a wind turbine monitoring unit 8 is connected to the tail of the wind turbine 3; the wind turbine monitoring unit 8 comprises power and speed monitoring modules 81 and torque and thrust sensors 82; and the wind turbine monitoring unit 8 may be configured to measure a rotational speed, thrust, torque and power of blades of the wind turbine 3.

[0050] Preferably, the anchoring tension measurement unit 9 is connected to the side surface of the floating foundation 1, and one end of each anchor chain 5 is connected to the mooring tension measurement unit; a tension sensor is selected as the anchoring tension measurement unit 9 and configured to measure the stress of the anchor chains 5.

[0051] Preferably, each environmental parameter measurement system comprises a buoy-type wave height meter 10, wherein a wind speed and direction meter 11 is connected to the upper side of the buoy-type wave height meter 10; a flow velocity and direction meter 12 is connected to the lower side of the buoy-type wave height meter 10, and located below a liquid level; a plurality of environmental parameter measurement systems is arranged at equal intervals in a circular sea area 250 m to 350 m away from the floating foundation; the buoy-type wave height meter 10 is arranged at a certain distance from the wind power generation device model to measure sea wave information in a sea area under test; the wind speed and direction meter 11 is arranged at a certain distance from the wind power generation device model to measure a wind speed and a wind direction of the sea area under test; and the velocity flow and direction meter 12 is arranged at a certain distance from the wind power generation device model to measure the flow velocity and a flow direction of the sea area under test.

[0052] Preferably, an instrument mooring device 15 is connected to the lower side of the buoy-type wave height meter 10, the instrument mooring device 15 comprising an anchor 18 and a connecting rod 19, wherein one end of the connecting rod 19 is connected to the bottom of the buoy-type wave height meter 10, and the flow velocity and direction meter 12 is fixed on the connecting rod 19. A weight-balanced solid steel pipe is used as the connecting rod 19, which can keep the attitude and position of the buoy-type wave height meter 10 stable in cooperation with the instrument mooring device 15.

[0053] Preferably, a capacitive wave height meter 13 is connected to the edge of each pile leg 16 of the floating foundation 1, and configured to measure a real-time wave height acting on each pile leg 16.

[0054] Preferably, the wind speed and direction meter 11 is connected to the upper surface of each pile leg 16 of the floating foundation 1, a position on the outer surface of the tower 2 at a height of 10 m from the sea surface, and the center of a hub in front of the wind turbine 3, respectively.

[0055] Preferably, internal structures of the floating foundation 1 and the tower 2 are based on the principle of equivalent stiffness, and simplified in accordance with a real-scale device; an inherent vibration frequency of the simplified system is similar to that of the real-scale device; and a plurality of stress and strain sensors 20 is arranged on the outer surfaces of the floating foundation 1 and the tower 2, respectively, and configured to monitor structural stress and vibration mode information of the wind power generation device.

Embodiment 2

[0056] As shown in FIGS. 1˜5, preferably, a method for manufacturing a large-scale model testing system of a 7 MW floating offshore wind power generation device comprises the following steps.

[0057] S1, determining a scale ratio of a model according to the law of similarity in Froude number: firstly, comprehensively determining a scale ratio 1:10 of the floating foundation 1 and the tower 2 according to test requirements, production cost, and repeatability of wind and wave environments; then, manufacturing the floating foundation 1 and the tower 2 from steel; scaling external profiles of the floating foundation 1 and the tower 2 as same as those of the real-scale device according to the scale ratio; The scale factors of respective physical quantities are shown in the following table: (λ=10)

TABLE-US-00001 Scale Scale Scale Parameter ratio Parameter ratio Parameter ratio Geometric length λ Area λ.sup.2 Volume λ.sup.3 Angle 1 Fluid density 1 Mass λ.sup.3 Time λ.sup.1/2 Frequency λ.sup.−1/2 Linear velocity λ.sup.1/2 Linear 1 Angular λ.sup.−1/2 Angular λ.sup.−1 acceleration velocity acceleration Force λ.sup.3 Moment λ.sup.4 Power λ.sup.3.5 Young modulus 1 Stress 1 Mass moment of λ.sup.5 inertia

[0058] S2, performing design and type selection on the wind turbine according to the principle of equivalent similarity of wind thrust: determining a geometrical scale ratio 1:10 of a wind turbine 3 model through wave height-wave period distribution parameters of a real scale and a model scale and corresponding relationships between wind velocities and wave levels; appropriately correcting geometric shapes of model blades to ensure that the horizontal thrust of the wind turbine 3 on the upper connection of the tower 2 and the thrust of a wind turbine in a real-scale device on the fixed end of the tower meet a Froude number similarity condition; Considering that a wind speed of an offshore wind field under the combined action of wind and waves on a model scale is often higher than a wind speed target value obtained by Froude similarity conversion, a wind turbine model 3 in the test can be selected with a smaller model size; and a hub height of the wind turbine (a height from the water surface) is 9.5 m.

[0059] S3, selecting a sea area location of a large-scale model test in conjunction with the selected model scale ratio, wherein the selection process is as follows:

[0060] a. collecting sea condition information of a working sea area of a real-scale floating offshore wind power generation device to be simulated, and calculating sea condition information required for a test of a model device according to the law of similarity;

[0061] b. calculating the law of similarity:

[00002]$H_m=H_p\text{/}\lambda ;$$T_m=T_p\text{/}\sqrt{\lambda };$

[0062] wherein, H is a significant wave height, T is a characteristic period, and λ is a scale ratio; the subscripts p and m represent a real scale and a model scale respectively;

[0063] c. selecting a sea area under test that meets the law of similarity according to long-term statistical data of sea waves in the sea area under test and the principle of maximum repeatability, by means of comprehensive consideration of sea area location, climate season, weather conditions, offshore distance and test time;

[0064] S4, setting the manufactured floating wind power generation device model in the sea area under test, and fixing it with the anchoring devices 4; determining lengths and a fixing method of the anchor chains 5 according to the water depths of the sea area under test, collecting force conditions of the anchoring devices 4 through the anchoring tension measurement unit 9, and ensuring that the force conditions of the anchoring systems on the model scale and the real scale satisfy the Froude number similarity condition; The design results of the installed device body in the model scale and the real scale are as follows:

TABLE-US-00002 Model Full-scale Full-scale Desired Actual design conversion target scale scale Parameter value result value ratio ratio Floating body draft 3 m 30 m 30 m 10 10 Floating body height 4 m 40 m 40 m 10 10 (Not including tower) Depth of sea area 12 m 120 m 120 m 10 10 Diameter of wind turbine 8 m 80 m 160 m 10 20 Rated power 5.4 kW 17 MW 7 MW 10 7.7 Material of floating body Steel Steel Steel Same Material of tower Steel Steel Steel Same Number of catenaries 3 3 3 Same

[0065] S5, deploying a plurality of environmental parameter measurement systems at equal intervals in the circular sea area about 300 m around the floating wind power generation device model; transmitting measurement signals of the respective sensors in the model response measurement systems and the environmental parameter measurement systems to a shore-side data acquisition instrument in real time through a radio signal transmission device for storage;

[0066] S6, carrying out a wind power generation test, and predicting the dynamic response and generated power of the offshore wind power generation device on a real scale through data analysis; and

[0067] S7, carrying out the simulation and force analysis of mooring systems in a deep water environment, and analyzing and predicting the states of the mooring systems of the offshore wind power generation device on a real scale; and monitoring and analyzing structural stress and vibration mode information of the wind power generation device through a plurality of stress and strain sensors 20 on the surfaces of the floating foundation 1 and the tower 2.

[0068] Further, measurement signals of the respective sensors in the model response measurement systems and the environmental parameter measurement systems are transmitted through radio signals and transferred to a shore-side data acquisition instrument in real time. On the one hand, the loss of offshore test data can be avoided; and on the other hand, real-time monitoring and safety assessment can also be carried out on the state of the floating wind power generation device system.

[0069] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be regarded as a limitation of the present invention. The embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions described in the claims. Thus, any equivalent replacements within this scope shall be encompassed by the protection scope of the present invention.