Evaporator Assembly
20230240370 ยท 2023-08-03
Assignee
Inventors
- Alec Wright (Guildford, GB)
- Andrew Robert John Rogan (Forres, GB)
- Kyle Adair (Lisburn, GB)
- Olayiwola Olamiposi Popoola (Walton-on-Thames, GB)
- Gordon Montgomery (Ballymena, GB)
Cpc classification
A24F40/42
HUMAN NECESSITIES
F16K99/0044
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F16K37/0041
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F16K99/0011
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
H05B3/265
ELECTRICITY
International classification
A24F40/42
HUMAN NECESSITIES
F16K99/00
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F16K37/00
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
Abstract
An evaporator assembly for an aerosol generating device is described. The evaporator assembly comprises a first body having a first plurality of through-channels, a second body having a second plurality of through-channels, wherein the first body and the second body are arranged such that the first and second plurality of through-channels overlap to allow the passage of a liquid from an inlet end to an outlet end of the evaporator assembly through the through-channels; and a heater arranged to heat the liquid as it passes through the through-channels, wherein the second body is moveable with respect to the first body such that the area of overlap is adjustable.
Claims
1. An evaporator assembly for an aerosol generating device comprising: a first body having a first plurality of through-channels; a second body having a second plurality of through-channels; wherein the first body and the second body are arranged such that the first and second plurality of through-channels overlap to allow the passage of a liquid from an inlet end to an outlet end of the evaporator assembly through the through-channels; and a heater arranged to heat the liquid as it passes through the through-channels; wherein the second body is moveable with respect to the first body such that an area of overlap is adjustable.
2. The evaporator of claim 1, wherein the heater is configured to heat the liquid such that it evaporates as it passes through the through-channels.
3. The evaporator assembly according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the first body or the second body comprises the heater.
4. The evaporator assembly according to claim 3, wherein each of the first body and the second body comprises the heater.
5. The evaporator of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first body and second body are heatable by resistive heating.
6. The evaporator of claim 5, wherein at least one of the first and second body comprise an electrically conductive material and the evaporator assembly further comprises circuitry for passing a current through the electrically conductive material to heat at least one of the first body and second body by resistive heating.
7. The evaporator assembly according to claim 1, wherein the evaporator is arranged such that liquid is transported along the through-channels by capillary action.
8. The evaporator assembly according to claim 1, wherein the first body comprises an outlet surface wherein the first plurality of through-channels run through the first body to a first plurality of openings on the outlet surface; and the second body comprises an inlet surface wherein the second plurality of through-channels run through the second body from a second plurality of openings on the inlet surface; wherein the outlet surface and inlet surface are in contact and arranged parallel to each other so that the first plurality of openings overlap with the second plurality of openings.
9. The evaporator assembly according to claim 1, wherein the second body can be translated laterally with respect to the first body to adjust the area of overlap.
10. The evaporator assembly according to claim 1, wherein the second body can be rotated with respect to the first body to adjust the area of overlap.
11. The evaporator assembly according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the first body or second body is spring loaded.
12. The evaporator assembly according to claim 1, further comprising a stepper motor, wherein the stepper motor is coupled to the second body and is configured to provide the movement between the first body and second body.
13. The evaporator assembly according to claim 1, further comprising a rotary encoder arranged to measure the relative position between the first body and the second body.
14. The evaporator assembly according to claim 1, further comprising a strain gauge arranged to measure the relative position between the first body and the second body.
15. The evaporator assembly according to claim 1, further comprising: a reservoir for storing the liquid; wherein the reservoir is fluidically coupled to the first body.
16. An aerosol generating device comprising: the evaporator assembly according to claim 1; a power source arranged to supply power to the evaporator assembly; and a reservoir for storing the liquid; wherein the reservoir is fluidically coupled to the first body.
17. The aerosol generating device according to claim 16, wherein the reservoir is removable from the aerosol generating device.
18. An aerosol generating device comprising: a housing, configured to receive a consumable capsule comprising a reservoir for storing a liquid and a capsule evaporator body having a first plurality of through-channels; a device evaporator body within the housing, the device evaporator body comprising a second plurality of through-channels; and a heater arranged to heat the liquid as it passes through the through-channels; wherein the first plurality of through-channels and the second plurality of through-channels overlap to allow a liquid to pass through the first and second plurality of through-channels; and wherein the device evaporator body is moveable relative to the consumable capsule when received in the housing such that an area of overlap between the first plurality of through-channels and second plurality of through channels is adjustable.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0023] Embodiments of the invention are now described, by way of example, with reference to the drawings, in which:
[0024]
[0025]
[0026]
[0027]
[0028]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] An aerosol generating device is a device arranged to heat an aerosol generating product to produce an aerosol for inhalation by a consumer. In a specific example, an aerosol generating product can be a liquid which forms an aerosol when heated by the aerosol generating device. An aerosol generating device can also be referred to as an electronic cigarette or vapour generating device. In the context of the present disclosure, the terms vapour and aerosol can be used interchangeably. An aerosol generating product, or vapour generating product, can be a liquid or a solid such as a fibrous material, or a combination thereof, that when heated generates a vapour or aerosol.
[0030]
[0031] The first body 109 has a first plurality of through-channels 109a that extend through the first body 109 and a second plurality of through-channels 111a extend through the second body 111.
[0032] The first body 109 is configured to receive a vaporisable liquid from an inlet end 103. The first plurality of through-channels 109a extend parallel to one another along the z direction. In this example, the first plurality of through-channels 109a are regularly spaced from one another along the x direction. Each one of the first plurality of through-channels 109a is sufficiently narrow (i.e. has a sufficiently small cross-sectional area in the x-y plane) that when it receives the vaporisable liquid, the vaporisable liquid can travel along the first plurality of through-channels 109a by capillary action.
[0033] The second body 111 is disposed directly on the first body 109. The second plurality of through-channels 111a extend along the z direction, parallel to one another, through the second body 111. In use, the second plurality of through-channels 111a overlap with the first plurality of through-channels 109a to receive a vaporisable liquid from the first plurality of through-channels 109a when the vaporisable liquid is transported through the first body 109 by capillary action as described above. The second plurality of through-channels 111a transport the vaporisable liquid by capillary action to an outlet end 105 of the evaporator assembly 101, which is a surface of the second body 111.
[0034] The second body 111 is moveable with respect to the first body 109. This allows the degree of overlap of the first plurality of through-channels 109a and the second plurality of through-channels 111a to be adjusted and therefore the through-channels can be open, partially open, or closed. More specifically, the first plurality of through-channels 109a preferably have a corresponding first plurality of openings on the first body 109 and the second plurality of channels 111a have a corresponding second plurality of openings on the second body 111. Preferably the evaporator assembly 101 is configured such that movement of the first body 109 relative to the second body 111 changes the amount of overlap between the first plurality of openings and second plurality of openings to change the rate at which liquid flows through the evaporator. For example, the second body 111 can be continually advanced and retracted along the x direction as indicated by the arrow 113, or rotated around the z axis as indicated by the arrow 115, such that the degree of overlap of the first plurality of through-channels 109a with the second plurality of through-channels 111a is adjusted. Changing the degree of overlap of the first plurality of through-channels 109a with the second plurality of through-channels 111a affects the rate at which the vaporisable liquid travels through the through-channels by capillary action. Accordingly, adjustably moving the second body 111 with respect to the first body 109 can be used to vary the rate at which the vaporisable liquid is transported to the outlet end 105 of the evaporator assembly 101. This in turn can affect the size of the droplets in the generated vapour and the overall rate at which the vapour is produced.
[0035] The first body 109 and/or second body 111 may further comprise a spring mechanism (not shown) to control the movement of the second body 111 with respect to the first body 109. In some examples the spring may comprise a shape memory alloy material arranged to change shape when the temperature reaches a predetermined threshold temperature. In this way, the relative alignment of the first 109 and second 111 body, and therefore the amount of liquid flow through the evaporator, is also determined by the temperature provided by the heater. Alternatively, the second body 111 may be coupled to a stepper motor (not shown), and optionally, further comprise a rotary encoder (not shown) to measure the movement of the second body 111 with respect to the first body 109.
[0036] The evaporator assembly 101 may further comprise a strain gauge (not shown) for measuring the relative displacement of the first body 109 relative to the second body 111. In particular, the strain gauge may be configured to measure relative movement of the first body 109 and second body 111, for example by measuring a strain applied to the strain gauge by the first body 109 and/or second body 111. In this way the strain gauge may be used to provide feedback on the relative position of the first body 109 and second body 111 in order to control the movement. The strain gauge may also be used to determine a type of cartridge received by the evaporator assembly 101.
[0037] A heater is arranged to supply heat to the liquid as it passes through an inlet end 103 to an outlet end 105 of the evaporator assembly 101. In this example, a first heater is provided within the first body 109 and a second heater is provided in the second body 111. More particularly, the first and/or second body comprise an electrically conductive material and a current is passed through the first and second bodies to heat them using resistive heating. Suitable materials for forming the first body 109 and second body 111 are for example silicon and germanium, ceramics, metals and metalloids. Silicon-based materials are generally preferred, however. Ceramic materials and semiconductor materials, such as silicon, may be doped with a selected dopant concentration which can influence resistivity and therefore the heating of the materials due to resistive heating when a current is passed through.
[0038] For example, the second body 111 may be connected to a first control circuit (not shown). The first control circuit is configured to apply a voltage across the second body 111, which can be controlled by the first control circuit so as to heat the second body 111 by resistive heating. The voltage applied by the first control circuit can also be controlled so as to influence parameters such as the contact angle between the vapourisable liquid and the interior of the second plurality of through-channels 111a, which in turn affect the rate at which the liquid is transported to the outlet end 105 and the properties of the generated vapour. For example, when the second body 111 is heated, the temperature of the liquid inside the second plurality of through-channels 111a increases. This typically increases the rate at which the vapour is generated.
[0039] Similarly, the first body 109 may be connected to a second control circuit (not shown). Like the first control circuit, the second control circuit is configured to vary the voltage across the first body 109 so as to control the temperature of the first body 109 and parameters such as the contact angle between the vapourisable liquid and the first plurality of through-channels 109a. It is preferable that the second body 111 is kept at a higher temperature than the first body 109 when the first body 109 and/or second body 111 is heated. Hence, in this embodiment, each of the first body 109 and the second body 111 is a micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) that affords control over the rate at which the vapourisable liquid is transported to the outlet end 105 of the evaporator assembly 101 and the properties of the generated vapour.
[0040] Although in this embodiment each of the first body 109 and second body 111 is provided with a separate control circuit, a single control circuit could be configured to control both bodies in other embodiments.
[0041] In an alternative embodiment, an external first heater (not shown) may be arranged to supply heat to the first body 109. The external first heater can be electrically powered (for example by a battery of a vapour generating device in which the evaporator assembly 101 is contained) and controlled by an electronic controller. When the first body 109 is heated, the temperature of the liquid inside the first plurality of through-channels 109a increases. This typically increases the rate at which the vapour is generated. Similarly, the second body 111 may be provided with a second external heater (not shown), which may also be electrically powered and controlled by an electronic controller.
[0042] In this embodiment each of the first body 109 and the second body 111 are provided with a respective external heater, though this is not essential. For example, the second external heater could be omitted such that only the first body 109 is provided with an external heater. In other embodiments, both the first body 109 and second body 111 could be heated by a single external heater.
[0043] In embodiments where the second body 111 is heated (whether the first body 109 is heated or otherwise), it is preferable that the second body 111 is kept at a higher temperature than the first body 109 when the evaporator assembly 101 is in use. In this embodiment, the external heaters are external to the first body 109 and second body 111 and the heaters are configured to heat the bodies by conductive heating. The first and second bodies 109, 111 comprise a heat conductive material such as metal or a ceramic such that the heat provided by the external heaters is passed through the evaporator bodies 109, 111.
[0044] Although the first and second bodies 109, 111 may be heated by external heaters, it is preferred that the first and second bodies 109, 111 comprise an electrically conductive material and a current is passed through the first and second bodies to instead heat them using resistive heating.
[0045]
[0046] The first arrangement 201 shows the second body 111 disposed on top of a first body 109 such that the first plurality of through-channels 109a of the first body 109 are fully aligned with the second plurality of through-channels 111a of the second body 111. In this arrangement the through-channels are fully open which allows for the greatest amount of vaporisable liquid to be transported through the through-channels 109a and 111a.
[0047] The second arrangement 203 shows the overlap of the first plurality of through-channels 109a of the first body 109 with the second plurality of through-channels 111a of the second body 111, when the second body 111 has been translated in the x direction with respect to the first body 109. In the second arrangement 203, the first plurality of through-channels 109a are only partially aligned with the second plurality of through-channels 111a. In this arrangement, the through-channels are only partially open leading to a reduced amount of vaporisable liquid to be transported through the through-channels 109a and 111a when compared with the first arrangement 111a.
[0048] The third arrangement 205 shows no overlap of the first plurality of through-channels 109a of the first body 109 with the second plurality of through-channels 111a of the second body 111, when the second body 111 has been translated in the x direction with respect to the first body 109. This arrangement does not allow for any alignment of the first plurality of through-channels 109a with the second plurality of through-channels 111a. In this arrangement the through-channels are closed and therefore the vaporisable liquid cannot pass to the second plurality of through-channels 111a from the first plurality of through-channels 109a.
[0049]
[0050] The first plurality of through-channels 109a are arranged to draw liquid from the reservoir 303 to the second plurality of through-channels 111a by capillary force. In this embodiment, the porous wick 307 can aid in the transfer of liquid from the reservoir 303 to the first plurality of through-channels 109a of the first body 109. The inclusion of a porous wick 307 is optional. In this way, the reservoir 303 can either be in direct connection with the first body 109, or in indirect connection with the first body 109 by way of the porous wick 307. If the porous wick 307 is not present, a surface of the first body 305 acts as an inlet end 103 of the evaporator assembly 101.
[0051] In operation, liquid is drawn from the reservoir 303 into the first plurality of through-channels 109a of the first body 109. The liquid then travels into and through the first plurality of through-channels 109a to the second plurality of through-channels 111a by capillary action. A power source (not shown) is used to apply a potential to the evaporator assembly 101 so as to heat the heater. In turn the heater heats the liquid through the sidewalls of the through-channels 109a and 111a, as the liquid is drawn through the through-channels 109a and 111a, to create a vapour. The vapour then exits the second plurality of through-channels 111a as a vapour flow.
[0052]
[0053] The device evaporator body 405 is arranged such that it comprises an outlet surface 419 that is exposed to the interior of the airflow channel 417. The consumable capsule 409 comprises a capsule evaporator body 413 and a reservoir 411 for storing a vaporisable liquid. The capsule evaporator body 413 is configured to receive a vaporisable liquid from a reservoir 411.
[0054] The capsule evaporator body 413 has a first plurality of through-channels 413a that extend through the capsule evaporator body 413. The first plurality of through-channels 413a extend parallel to one another along the z direction. In this example, the first plurality of through-channels 413a are regularly spaced from one another along the x direction. Each one of the first plurality of through-channels 413a is sufficiently narrow (i.e. has a sufficiently small cross-sectional area in the x-y plane) that when it receives the vaporisable liquid, the vaporisable liquid can travel along the first plurality of through-channels 413a by capillary action.
[0055] The device evaporator body 405 has a second plurality of through-channels 405a that extend through the device evaporator body 405. The device evaporator body 405 is disposed directly on the capsule evaporator body 413. The second plurality of through-channels 405a extend along the z direction, parallel to one another, through the device evaporator body 405. In use, the second plurality of through-channels 405a overlap with the first plurality of through-channels 413a to receive a vaporisable liquid from the first plurality of through-channels 405a. The vaporisable liquid is transported through the through-channels by capillary action to the outlet surface 419.
[0056] The device evaporator body 405 is moveable in the plane of the device evaporator body 405. This allows the degree of overlap of the first plurality of through-channels 413a and the second plurality of through-channels 405a to be adjusted. More specifically, the first plurality of through-channels 413a preferably have a corresponding first plurality of openings on the capsule evaporator body 413 and the second plurality of channels 405a have a corresponding second plurality of openings on the device evaporator body 405. Preferably the aerosol generating device 401 is configured such that movement of the capsule evaporator body 413 relative to the device evaporator body 405 changes the amount of overlap between the first plurality of openings and second plurality of openings to change the rate at which liquid flows through the aerosol generating device 401. For example, the device evaporator body 405 can be continually advanced and retracted along the x direction as indicated by the arrow 415, such that the degree of overlap of the first plurality of through-channels 413a with the second plurality of through-channels 405a is adjusted. Changing the degree of overlap of the first plurality of through-channels 413a with the second plurality of through-channels 405a affects the rate at which the vaporisable liquid travels through the through-channels by capillary action. Accordingly, adjustably moving the device evaporator body 405 relative to the consumable capsule 409 when received in the housing can be used to vary the rate at which the vaporisable liquid is transported through the through-channels. This in turn can affect the size of the droplets in the generated vapour and the overall rate at which the vapour is produced.
[0057] The aerosol generating device 401 comprises a heater that is arranged to supply heat to the vaporisable liquid as it passes through the through-channels. In this example, heaters are provided within the device evaporator body 405 and capsule evaporator body 413. More particularly, the device and/or capsule evaporator bodies comprise an electrically conductive material and a current is passed through the first and second bodies to heat them using resistive heating.
[0058] For example, the device evaporator body 405 may be connected to an electronic control circuit 427. The electronic control circuit 427 is configured to apply a voltage across the device evaporator body 405, which can be controlled by the electronic control circuit 427 so as to heat the device evaporator body 405 by resistive heating. The voltage applied by the electronic control circuit 427 can also be controlled so as to influence parameters such as the contact angle between the vapourisable liquid and the interior of the second plurality of through-channels 405a, which in turn affect the rate at which the liquid is transported to the outlet surface 419 and the properties of the generated vapour. For example, when the device evaporator body 405 is heated, the temperature of the liquid inside the second plurality of through-channels 405a increases. This typically increases the rate at which the vapour is generated.
[0059] Similarly, the capsule evaporator body 413 may be connected to a second electronic control circuit (not shown). Like the electronic control circuit 427, the second control circuit is configured to vary the voltage across the capsule evaporator body 413 so as to control the temperature of the capsule evaporator body 413 and parameters such as the contact angle between the vapourisable liquid and the first plurality of through-channels 413a. It is preferable that the device evaporator body 405 is kept at a higher temperature than the capsule evaporator body 413 when the capsule evaporator body 413 and/or device evaporator body 405 is heated. Hence, in this embodiment, each of the device evaporator body 405 and the capsule evaporator body 413 is a micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) that affords control over the rate at which the vapourisable liquid is transported to the outlet surface 419 and the properties of the generated vapour.
[0060] Although in this embodiment the device evaporator body 405 is provided with an electronic control circuit 427, two control circuits could be configured to control both bodies in other embodiments.
[0061] In an alternative embodiment, a first external heater (not shown) may be arranged to supply heat to the device evaporator body 405. The first external heater can be electrically powered (for example by a battery of an aerosol generating device) and controlled by an electronic controller. When the device evaporator body 405 is heated, the temperature of the liquid inside the second plurality of through-channels 405a increases. This typically increases the rate at which the vapour is generated. Similarly, the capsule evaporator body 413 may be provided with a second external heater (not shown), which may also be electrically powered and controlled by an electronic controller.
[0062] In this embodiment the device evaporator body 405 is provided with a first external heater. However, the capsule evaporator body 413 could instead be provided with an external heater or both the device evaporator body 405 and the capsule evaporator body 413 could be provided with a respective heater. In other embodiments, both the device evaporator body 405 and capsule evaporator body 413 could be heated by a single heater. In embodiments where the device evaporator body 405 is heated (whether the capsule evaporator body 413 is heated or otherwise), it is preferable that the device evaporator body 405 is kept at a higher temperature than the capsule evaporator body 413 when the aerosol generating device 401 is in use.
[0063] In this embodiment, the first external heater is external to the device evaporator body 405 and the first external heater is configured to heat the device evaporator body 405 by conductive heating. The device evaporator body 405 comprises a heat conductive material such as metal or a ceramic such that the heat provided by the heaters 407 is passed through the device evaporator body 405.
[0064] Although the device and capsule evaporator bodies 405, 413 may be heated by external heaters, it is preferred that the device and capsule evaporator bodies 405, 413 comprise an electrically conductive material and a current is passed through the device and capsule evaporator bodies to instead heat them using resistive heating.
[0065] Air can be drawn into the airflow channel 417 through an inlet 421 and travel through the airflow channel along the direction indicated by the arrow 423. As the air passes the outlet surface 419 of the device evaporator body, droplets of the vaporisable liquid are drawn away from the outlet surface 419 by the airflow. This produces a vapour of the vaporisable liquid. The vapour continues to travel along the airflow channel 419 and exits the aerosol generating device 401 via an outlet 425. The outlet could be provided with a mouthpiece (not shown), allowing the airflow to be generated by a user drawing on the device 401 at the mouthpiece.
[0066] In this example, the device evaporator 405 is in communication with an electronic controller 427. The electronic controller 427 can be configured to control components of the evaporator assembly including the heater. The electronic controller 427 can also be configured to control other components of the aerosol generating device 401. The aerosol generating device 401 also has a power source 429, for example a rechargeable battery. The power source is configured to supply power to the components of the device plate 405 and the electronic controller 427, and can also power other components of the aerosol generating device 401, for example any valves and reheaters that may be present in the airflow channel or any lights for displaying information about the operation of the aerosol generating device 401.
[0067] In the example of
[0068] However in other examples, the components provided as a removable capsule may differ. For example, all components of the evaporator may be provided as a removable capsule or the evaporator may be integral within the aerosol generating device 401 and the capsule may comprise the reservoir.
[0069]
[0070] The example of
[0071] In this way the capsule 509 can be configured by providing an appropriate shape such that the evaporator is set at the correct position for the viscosity of liquid held in the reservoir 511 of the capsule 509. Capsules with different widths of the protruding portion 514 will move the first evaporator body 413 by different amounts, allowing the degree of registration between first and second plurality of through-channels 405a, 413a to be set for the liquid held in the capsule 509.