MEDICAL TRAINING MODEL HAVING AT LEAST ONE BLOOD VESSEL MODEL

Abstract

Medical training model having at least one blood vessel model (1) which in at least one practice region can be connected to an anatomically replicated substitute blood circulation system (2) and in which a real instrument (17) is used, further having an image recording device (3) for creating measured images of the at least one blood vessel model (1), and having an image processing device (11) which converts the recorded measured images into an imaging blood vessel representation and makes same displayable on a screen (12), wherein the image recording device (3) is designed as a photo-optical system (8) which records transmitted-light images (13) as measured images of the at least one blood vessel model (1) for simulation of medical activity, for which purpose the at least one blood vessel model (1) is replicated in a transparently produced solid-bdy block (4) for a contrast between transparent solid-body block (4) and non-transparent instrument (17).

Claims

1. Medical training model having at least one blood vessel model which in at least one practice region can be connected to an anatomically replicated substitute blood circulation system and in which a real instrument is used, further having an image recording device for creating measured images of the at least one blood vessel model, and having an image processing device which converts the recorded measured images into an imaging blood vessel representation and makes same displayable on a screen, characterized in that the image recording device is designed as a photo-optical system which records transmitted-light images as measured images of the at least one blood vessel model for simulation of medical activity, for which purpose the at least one blood vessel model is replicated in a transparently produced solid-body block (4) for a contrast between the transparent solid-body block and the non-transparent instrument.

2. Medical training model according to claim 1, characterized in that said photo-optical system comprises at least one camera and at least one light source dedicated to detecting a real image of said solid-body block and said vascular model (1).

3. Medical training model according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmitted light images are recordable as measured images of the at least one blood vessel model in backlight.

4. Medical training model according to claim 1, characterized in that the transparent solid-body block has smooth and reflection-reduced surfaces that sandwich a space curve of the blood vessel model.

5. Medical training model according to claim 1, characterized in that the photo-optical system comprises at least one camera and at least one light source, which can be integrated into an installation device with translatory and/or rotatory degrees of freedom of movement and can be positioned relative to one another in the process.

6. Medical training model according to claim 5, characterized in that the installation device is designed as a full-arch or C-arch head model of selectable geometry for setting different observation projection planes and/or views of the at least one blood vessel model and which can be moved horizontally, vertically and about pivot axes for this purpose.

7. Medical training model according to claim 1, characterized in that the image processing device is program-controlled for digital subtraction imaging.

8. Medical training model according to claim 7, characterized in that color fluids are injectable into the at least one blood vessel model for creating blank images and filling images of the at least one blood vessel model.

9. Medical training model according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one blood vessel model is an individualizd blood vessel model that is interchangeably connectable in at least one practice region to a fluid system of an anatomically replicated training model having a respective patient-specific replicated lumen.

10. Medical training model according to claim 9, characterized in that the at least one blood vessel model is a blood vessel model simulated with patient-specific geometry, which can be connected to the blood circulation system via a hydraulic quick coupling.

11. Medical training model according to claim 1, characterized in that the solid-body blockis made of a casting compound having a lost shape of an inversely replicated blood vessel model (1) or by an additive manufacturing process.

12. Medical training model according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of practice regions with blood vessel anatomical geometry can be implemented via cuts.

13. Medical training model according to claim 1, characterized in that the replicated substitute circulatory system is designed to simulate the human blood circulation system in terms of temperature and pressure of the fluid.

Description

[0023] The invention is discribed in more detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying figures.

[0024] FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a first embodiment of the medical training model,

[0025] FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a second embodiment of the medical training model.

[0026] As shown in FIG. 1, the invention relates to a medical training model comprising at least one blood vessel model 1 which is connectable in at least one training region to an anatomically substituve formation of a blood circulation system 2. The training model further comprises an image recording device 3 for creating visible measured images of the at least one blood vessel model 1. Furthermore, the training model comprises an image processing device 11 which converts the recorded measured images into an imaging blood vessel representation and makes them displayable on a screen 12.

[0027] For preferably X-ray-free imaging, the image recording device 3 is designed as a photo-optical system 8 that records transmitted-light images 13 as measured images of the at least one blood vessel model 1. For this purpose, the at least one blood vessel model 1 is replicated in a transparently produced solid-body block 4. The blood vessel model 1 is preferably made with a hollow shape 10 in the solid-body block 4. Alternatively or additionally, the hollow shape 10 may be filled with an imaging medium at least temporarily.

[0028] The transparent solid-body block 4 preferably has smooth and reflection-reduced surfaces that sandwich a space curve of the blood vessel model 1. Consequently, an external geometry of the solid-body block 4 is preferably provided with an optical surface to reduce reflection and increase transmission of the medium of an artificial transparent block aneurysm. The solid-body block 4 is preferably cuboidal in shape with an external geometry that is selectable depending on the imaging characteristics. The inner geometry of the solid-body block 4 is determined by the replication of an aneurysm, which may be patient-specific.

[0029] According to a first embodiment example, the image recording device 3 is designed as a photo-optical system 8, which preferably comprises at least one camera 5 and at least one light source 6. The at least one light source 6 serves an illumination of the solid-body block 4. The direction(s) of an illumination is/are selectable. Side light, incident light, back light, etc. can be used individually as well as in combination. According to FIG. 1, for example, four light sources 6 are provided which illuminate the solid-body block 4 from different directions. It is essential for the illumination that the interior of the solid block 4, the blood vessel model 1 is visible and imageable. The camera 5 and the light source 6 are used to create a real image of the solid block 4 and the vessel model 1.

[0030] Preferably, the camera 5 and the light source 6 of the photo-optical system 8 can be integrated into an installation device 7 with translatory and/or rotatory degrees of freedom of movement and, if necessary, can be positioned relative to one another.

[0031] The installation device 7 can be designed as a full-arch or C-arch head model of selectable geometry for setting different observation projection planes and/or views of the at least one blood vessel model 1 and can be movable horizontally, vertically and about pivot axes for this purpose. A C-arc-shaped head model is preferably provided for setting different observation projection planes and/or views of the at least one blood vessel model 1. For this purpose, the installation device 7 can be movable horizontally, vertically as well as about swivel axes, as the arrow 18 symbolically illustrates.

[0032] The image processing device 11 is preferably program-controlled for digital subtraction imaging. Color fluids may be injectable into the at least one blood vessel model 1 for creating blank images and fill images of the at least one blood vessel model 1.

[0033] The at least one blood vessel model 1 is preferably an additively manufactured, optionally individualized blood vessel model 1, which can be interchangeably connected in at least one exercise region to a fluid system of an anatomically replicated training model with a respective optionally patient-specific replicated lumen of the substitutive formation of a blood circulation system 2.

[0034] The at least one blood vessel model 1, which may be replicated with patient-specific geometry, may be connected to the substitutive formation of a blood circuit system 2 via a hydraulic quick coupling.

[0035] The solid-body block 4 may be made of a casting compound with a lost shape of an inverse replica blood vessel model 1 or by an additive manufacturing process. Multiple exercise regions with blood vessel anatomical geometry may be designed via cuts, allowing the replicated substitute circulatory system 2 to be formed to simulate the human blood circulation system in terms of fluid temperature and pressure. Fluid tank 14 and fluid pump 15 can be used according to known open or closed hydraulic circuits. FIG. 1 further symbolically shows a medical professional 16 using a real instrument 17 in the blood vessel model 1. For this purpose, the instrument 17 is introduced into the substitutive formation of a blood circuit system 2, which has an entry, for example a sluice, for this purpose. During training, the treatment instrument 17 is preferably guided through replicated arteries up to the diseased vessel. Transmitted light makes the movements of the instrument 17 within the vessel model visible and enables the medical professional 16 to move the instrument 17 in a targeted manner.

[0036] The blood vessel model 1 is manufactured transparently. This transparent design allows a large contrast between transparent model 1 and non-transparent treatment instrument 17, such as microcatheter, guide wire or coil. The model 1 is manufactured from transparent, in particular non-flexible material, in a transparently manufactured plastic block or solid-body block 4.

[0037] The installation device 7 or the head model can be attached to a base frame of the training model 1 on the top side. A connection can be made via a skull base model that can be integrated in the head model, for example, and a neuroflow path 9. The skull base model can simulate the skull base with an integrated vascular course and an integrated holder.

[0038] The head model 7 and the skull base model enable the positioning of one or more vessel models 1, in particular so-called aneurysm models. The vessel models 1 can have one or more sacculation(s).

[0039] The preferably modular basic structure of the training model allows the combination of modules, namely standardized or variant modules with exchangeable individualized modules. A major focus is on the integration of patient-specific and individualized geometries. Patient-specific aneurysm models, for example, can be manufactured additively, i.e. in a layer construction process or 3D printing, on the basis of medical image data from patients in a standardized individualization process. A portfolio of different aneurysm geometries can be provided as a basis for training.

[0040] The invention has been described above using a neurointerventional training model as an example. The invention can also be put in into practice for any medical training model where patient-specific or standardized blood vessel models are to be placed in interchangeable training method exercise regions. The same applies to training models used as treatment models/simulation models for, for example, scientific purposes, research purposes, instrument development, etc.

[0041] As FIG. 2 shows, the image recording device 3 according to a second embodiment example is designed as a photo-optical system 8, which preferably comprises at least one camera 5 and at least one backlight panel 6, between which the transparent solid-body block 4 can be positioned. In all other respects, the above explanations regarding the first embodiment example apply accordingly.