CONTINUOUS LIGHTING SYSTEM FOR ROAD TUNNELS

Abstract

Continuous lighting system for tunnels having a plurality of luminaires or lighting devices (1), comprising a longitudinal base (2) having means for securing to the tunnel, a transparent or translucent closure element (3), at least one PCB (4), and a plurality of consecutive LED light sources (5), connected to said PCB (4), forming at least one row with separation between them such that the angle of emission (AE) in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel permits a continuity of consecutive light rays, wherein the separation between LEDs (5) depends upon the height of the lighting device (1), and wherein the means of securing a base (2) to the tunnel comprise means of adjustment of an angle of inclination (AI) according to the transverse direction of the tunnel, such that the combination thereof with the angle of emission permits a lighting uniformity approaching 100%.

Claims

1- A continuous lighting system for road tunnels comprising a plurality of luminaires or lighting devices (1) secured within the interior of the tunnel, characterized in that said lighting devices (1) are disposed in a consecutive manner and separated one from another by a distance lesser than that corresponding to the flicker frequency for the speed of traffic corresponding to the tunnel, and wherein each of the lighting devices (1) comprises a longitudinal base (2) presenting means of securing to the interior of the tunnel, one or more transparent or translucent elements (3) presenting first means of affixation to said base (2), the total length of the one or more closure elements (3) being coincident with the length of the base (2), at least one printed circuit board (PCB) (4) disposed within the interior of the lighting device (1), secured to the base (2) and connected to an electrical supply network through means of connection, and, a plurality of LED light sources (5) connected to said PCB (4) and disposed forming at least one row in the sense of the longitudinal direction of the PCB (4), wherein said LED light sources (5) present a separation distance therebetween such that the angle of emission (AE) of light rays upon an object area in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel permits a continuity of the same for each pair of consecutive LED light sources (5) according to the same row, wherein the value of the separation distance between LED light sources (5) depends on the positioning height of the lighting device (1), and, wherein the means of securing the base (2) to the interior of the tunnel comprise means of adjustment of an angle of inclination (AI) of the light ray in the sense of the transverse direction of the tunnel, such that the adjustment of the angle of inclination (AI) in combination with the angle of emission (AE) permits a lighting of the object area having a longitudinal uniformity approaching 100%.

2- A continuous lighting system for road tunnels as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the one or more transparent or translucent closure elements (3) is formed by a lens having optical functionality disposed over a plurality of LED light sources (5).

3- A continuous lighting system for road tunnels as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the lighting device (1) comprises within the interior thereof at least one lens (9) having optical functionality disposed over at least one LED light source (5) and presenting second means of affixation to the base (2).

4- A continuous lighting system for road tunnels as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that it comprises at least two lenses (9) having optical functionality and at least one thereof presents an optical functionality differing from that of the other lenses (9).

5- A continuous lighting system for road tunnels as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the means of connection of the at least one PCB (4) to the electrical network of supply of alternating current includes means of supply of direct current to the same and means of regulation of the current and/or the voltage of the direct current supplied to the LED light sources (5).

6- A continuous lighting system for road tunnels as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the means of supply of current and the means of regulation of the current and/or the voltage of the LED light sources (5) of a lighting device (1) comprises at least one driver.

7- A continuous lighting system for road tunnels as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the LED light sources (5) of a lighting device (1) are connected to at least two drivers disposed in parallel.

8- A continuous lighting system for road tunnels as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the LED light sources (5) of a lighting device (1) are configured according to at least two groups, wherein each of these groups is supplied by a different electrical circuit.

9- A continuous lighting system for road tunnels as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the object area is a carriageway or a part thereof and the lighting devices (1) secured to the interior of the tunnel are secured upon the walls or the roof of the same.

10- A continuous lighting system for road tunnels as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the LED light sources (5) situated in adjacent extremities of two consecutive lighting devices (1) present a separation distance similar to the distance existing between two LED light sources (5) of the same lighting device (1), such that the angle of emission (AE) of light rays of the same upon an object area in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel permits a continuity of the same in the same manner as in consecutive LED light sources (5) of the same lighting device (1).

11- A continuous lighting system for road tunnels as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the extremities of the longitudinal base (2) present a lateral closure (8) of the lighting device (1) comprising a leadout part (13) of a cable of connection of the at least one PCB (4) at both extremities.

12- A continuous lighting system for road tunnels as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the lighting device (1) comprises within the interior thereof at least two PCBs (4) and the latter are connected in parallel.

13- A continuous lighting system for road tunnels as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, characterized in that it comprises means of generation of counterbeam lighting from one or several of the LED light sources (5) of a lighting device (1) formed by a plurality of reflectors each thereof associated with the one or several of said LED light sources (5).

14- A continuous lighting system for road tunnels as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the base (2) is formed by a longitudinal extrusion of aluminum.

15- A continuous lighting system for road tunnels as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the means of securing the longitudinal base (2) to the interior of the tunnel comprise at least a securing assembly (14) comprising a first part (15) formed by a planar surface (20) suitable for the securing thereof upon the wall or roof of the tunnel through bolted means, wherefrom there emerge perpendicularly the same number of parallel flanges (21) presenting a through hole of an axis of pivoting (22), and a second part (19) presenting a planar surface (16) wherefrom there emerge perpendicularly and in a first direction the same number of legs (17) suitable for the affixation of a base (2), and wherefrom there emerge in a second direction opposed to the first same number of parallel flanges (18) presenting an orifice for securing the axis of pivoting (22) of the first part (15), such that the second part (19) is suitable for presenting a variation in the angle of inclination (AI) with respect to the first part (15).

16- A continuous lighting system for road tunnels as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that the angle of inclination (AI) of the light ray in the sense of the transverse direction of the tunnel is obtained by means of the combination of the angle of installation of the planar surface (20) upon the wall or roof of the tunnel and the relative angle of rotation between the second part (19) and the first part (15) of the securing assembly (14).

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Having the objective of assisting towards a better comprehension of the characteristics of the invention, in conformity with a preferential example of practical embodiment of the same, as an integral part of said description there is provided a series of drawings wherein, in an illustrative and non-limitative manner, the following has been shown:

[0038] FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a lighting device of a continuous lighting system for road tunnels, for a first form of preferential embodiment of the invention.

[0039] FIGS. 2.1 and 2.2 show longitudinal and transverse cross-sections of a lighting device of a continuous lighting system for road tunnels, for a first form of preferential embodiment of the invention.

[0040] FIG. 3 shows an elevation view of the means of securing the base to the interior of the tunnel, for a first form of preferential embodiment of the invention.

[0041] FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the means of securing the base to the interior of the tunnel, having a particular angle of inclination, for a first form of preferential embodiment of the invention.

[0042] FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a tunnel having a continuous lighting system for road tunnels, for a first form of preferential embodiment of the invention.

[0043] FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of the lighting devices of a continuous lighting system for road tunnels, for a second form of preferential embodiment of the invention.

[0044] FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of the continuous lighting device for road tunnels, for a second form of preferential embodiment of the invention.

[0045] FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of the continuous lighting device for road tunnels, having the lateral closure, for a second form of preferential embodiment of the invention.

[0046] FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of the continuous lighting device for road tunnels, having the lateral closure and the connection to the means of supply of current, for a second form of preferential embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A FORM OF PREFERENTIAL EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

[0047] By virtue of the figures provided it may be observed how, in a first form of preferential embodiment of the invention, the continuous lighting system for road tunnels, proposed herein, comprises a plurality of luminaires or lighting devices (1) secured within the interior of the tunnel.

[0048] As is shown in FIG. 5, in this first form of preferential embodiment of the invention, the luminaires or lighting devices (1) are in this case secured upon the wall of the tunnel at a height which may be comprised between 20 cm and 5 m and present an appearance of continuous lighting. Nevertheless, in other forms of embodiment they may be secured upon the roof of the same.

[0049] In said FIG. 5 it may also be observed that the luminaires or lighting devices (1) are disposed in a consecutive manner and separated by a distance shorter than that of the flicker frequency for the speed of traffic corresponding to the tunnel. In this form of preferential embodiment of the invention they are disposed in the sense of the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, in this case the speed of the tunnel being 100 km/h and the flicker frequency 15 Hz, said distance must be less than 1.85 m.

[0050] Furthermore, as is shown in FIGS. 1, 2.1 and 2.2, each of the luminaires or lighting devices (1) comprises a longitudinal base (2), in this first form of embodiment, formed by a longitudinal extrusion of aluminum, however in other forms of embodiment it may be a part of aluminum or of another material formed by casting or press forming, or of ribbed plate. This base (2) additionally presents means of securing to the interior of the tunnel.

[0051] The lighting device (1) or luminaire in turn comprises a transparent or translucent closure element (3) presenting means of securing to said base (2), the length whereof is equal to the length of the same, at least one printed circuit board (PCB) (4) disposed within the interior of the lighting device (1), secured to the base (2) and connected to an electrical supply network through means of connection, and a plurality of LED light sources (5), connected to said PCB (4) and disposed forming at least one row in the sense of the longitudinal direction of the PCB. As is shown in FIG. 1, in this first form of preferential embodiment of the invention the plurality of LED light sources (5) are disposed forming a single row.

[0052] However, in other forms of embodiment there may be formed 2, 3, or the required number of rows, as shown in FIG. 6, wherein there is shown a second form of embodiment wherein the LED light sources (5) are disposed forming two rows in the sense of the longitudinal direction of the PCB (4).

[0053] These LED light sources (5) present a separation distance therebetween such that the angle of emission (AE) of light rays upon an object area in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel permits a continuity of the same for each pair of consecutive LED light sources (5), as shown in detail A of FIG. 5. The value of said separation distance between LEDs (5) depends on the positioning height of the lighting device (1), which may be comprised between 20 cm and 5 m, according to the particular conditions of the tunnel to be illuminated.

[0054] In FIG. 5 there are solely shown the light rays of the LED light sources (5) of two luminaires or lighting devices (1) on both sides of the carriageway (in order to not overload the figure with the lines corresponding to the rays of all the LEDs) being sufficient such as to be able to observe the sensation of continuity of said light rays upon the carriageway. Said continuity may be appreciated in detail A of FIG. 5, wherein the proximity of the light rays is shown, and this continuity is practically complete from the position of the LEDs (5) wherefrom emerge the light rays to the carriageway, as shown in FIG. 5, the small separation existing in the highest zone, whereat the LED light sources (5) are located, being inappreciable to the human eye. This is the reason for the sensation of continuity achieved through this solution.

[0055] Furthermore, the means of securing the base (2) to the interior of the tunnel comprise means of adjustment of an angle of inclination (AI) of the light ray in the sense of the transverse direction of the tunnel, such that the adjustment of the angles of emission and of inclination (AE, AI) permits a lighting of the object area having a longitudinal uniformity approaching 100%.

[0056] The object area of this form of embodiment is a carriageway, however in other forms of embodiment it may be a part of the same.

[0057] In this form of preferential embodiment of the invention the base (2) of the lighting device (1), formed by an aluminum extrusion, presents a length of 2 m. However, in other forms of embodiment, as a function of the length of the tunnel, extrusions having different lengths may be utilized, such lengths being comprised within a range from 20 cm to 3 m.

[0058] In this first form of preferential embodiment of the invention the transparent or translucent closure element (3) is itself formed by a lens having optical functionality disposed over a plurality of LED light sources (5). Consequently, in this case the lens is longitudinal and presents the same length as the base (2) whereunto it is secured.

[0059] However, in other forms of realization, the lighting device (1) may comprise within the interior thereof at least one lens (9) having optical functionality disposed over at least one LED light source (5), presenting second means of securing to the base (2).

[0060] This is the case of the second form of preferential embodiment of the invention represented in FIG. 6 wherein, as may be observed, the luminaire or lighting device (1) comprises three PCBs (4) presenting, connected to the same, a plurality of LED light sources (5). In this manner, over said LED light sources (5) there exist lenses (9) having optical functionality such that each lens (9) is disposed, in this example, over four LED light sources (5) and over all these lenses (9) there exists the transparent or translucent closure element (3).

[0061] In addition, in this second form of preferential embodiment of the invention, at least one of the lenses (9) presents an optical functionality differing from that of the remaining lenses (9) such that, through the differing optical functionality of these lenses (9), the desired photometry may be obtained in each specific case.

[0062] In the first form of embodiment, wherein the lens is longitudinal and coincident with the closure element (3), this latter is formed of polycarbonate, nevertheless any expert in the art will understand that other materials having similar characteristics may be utilized. For their part the first means of securing the closure element (3), coincident with the lens in this case, to the base (2) are formed by lateral clips (6) each suitable for interlocking into the same number of grooves (7) existing in the sides of the base (2), as shown in FIG. 2.1.

[0063] In the first form of preferential embodiment of the invention each luminaire or lighting device (1) comprises in the interior thereof four consecutive PCBs (4) having a thickness of 8 mm and a length of 497 mm. To each of the PCBs (4) there are connected 16 LED light sources (5), connected in series.

[0064] In other forms of embodiment, as a function of the length of the lighting device (1), there may exist a different number of PCBs (4) in the same, connected in parallel or in series. Similarly, according to the number of PCBs (4) and the length of the base (2), the length is determined of each of these PCBs (4), by virtue whereof the length of the same is variable and defined for each specific case.

[0065] In the same manner, each of the PCBs (4) may be connected to a variable number of LED light sources (5). In this first form of embodiment 16 LED light sources (5) are included distributed in a single row however, as aforestated, in other forms of embodiment such as, for example, the second form proposed, they may be distributed in two or more rows and the number of LEDs (5) connected to a single PCB (4) may vary.

[0066] Consequently, given that the maximum length of the base (2) of a luminaire or lighting device (1) is 3 m, in an extreme case and for a minimum spacing between LED light sources (5) of 0.5 cm, a lighting device (1) may contain up to 600 LEDs (5) connected to the PCBs (4) within the interior of the same. Furthermore, the total quantity of LED light sources (5) of the lighting device (1) is distributed between the PCBs (4) presented by the latter within the interior thereof, consequently, as a function of the number of PCBs (4), these latter comprise a greater or lesser number of LED light sources (5) connected to each thereof.

[0067] In this first form of preferential embodiment of the invention, the four PCBs (4) are connected in parallel and the longitudinal extremities of the base (2) present a lateral closure (8) of the lighting device (1) such that the extremity of the two PCBs (4) disposed in the extremities of the base (2), coincident with the corresponding extremity of the base (2), respectively comprise a connection to the source of supply, and the lateral closure (8) at both extremities of the base (2) presents a leadout element (not shown in the drawings) of the connection cable through the same. This lateral closure (8) is sealed with silicone to achieve the hermeticity of the lighting device (1).

[0068] In FIG. 7 there is shown a cross-section of the lighting device (1) for a second form of preferential embodiment of the invention and, in respect of this cross-section, in FIG. 8 there may be observed the lateral closure (8) for this second form of proposed embodiment comprising hermeticity seals (10) of silicone between the lateral closure (8) and the base (2).

[0069] In addition, in order to facilitate the passage of the connection cable (11) to the means of supply, this lateral closure (8) presents in the leadout orifice (12) a leadout part (13), as may be observed in FIG. 9.

[0070] In the first form of preferential embodiment of the invention the means of connection of the at least one PCB (4) to the alternating current electrical supply network include means of supply of direct current to the same and means of regulating the current and/or the voltage of the direct current supplied to the LED light sources (5) comprising, in this case, a driver. In other forms of embodiment the system may comprise two or more drivers as a function of the characteristics of said system and of the number of devices of the same.

[0071] Consequently, the second proposed form of embodiment is an example of a lighting system comprising more than one driver and, in this case, the LED light sources (5) of a lighting device (1) are connected to at least two drivers disposed in parallel.

[0072] In this manner, in this second form of embodiment, shown in FIG. 6, the LED light sources (5) of a lighting device (1) are configured according to at least two groups wherein each of these groups is supplied by a different electrical circuit. As a consequence, this design is particularly useful for the utilization thereof in reinforcement zones of the tunnels, such that part of the LED light sources (5) are supplied by an electrical circuit destined for the permanent illumination and another part thereof is supplied by an electrical circuit destined for the reinforcement or diurnal illumination. In this case, for example, the luminaire or lighting device (1) has a power of 150 W and is composed by multiple LED light sources (5), such that a part of these LEDs, up to a total of 5 W, are destined for the permanent illumination and are supplied by means of an individual driver or one shared with other neighboring lighting devices (1), whilst the LEDs corresponding to the balance of 145 W are destined for reinforcement illumination and are also supplied by means of an individual driver or one shared with other neighboring lighting devices (1).

[0073] By this means avoidance of having to install some lighting devices (1) for the permanent illumination and others for the reinforcement lighting is accomplished, enabling the achievement of a continuous linear design having the same lighting devices (1), they being valid for both the day and for the night in those zones wherein reinforcement lighting is required.

[0074] In the first form of preferential embodiment of the invention the LED light sources (5) present a nominal power comprised between 0 and 100 W and preferably between 0 and 50 W. Furthermore this nominal power is particularly preferably comprised between 0 and 5 W, it being such that in this form of embodiment a value of 0.5 W is specifically considered. However, the power of a LED is not a fixed value but is of a very wide variable range depending on the current supplied at a given instant, for this reason the present invention does not include operating at maximum power but at a nominal power much below the foregoing.

[0075] In addition, the aforementioned driver is utilized with the objective of increasing both the working life and the efficacy of said LED light sources (5), the power whereof must be at least that nominally required by the LEDs, in this case being 270 W for an assembly of 25 lighting devices (1) each of 2 m in length. An input voltage of between 90 and 295 V AC, an output current of 8 A and an output voltage of between 40 V DC and 54 V DC are considered. These values are variables, depending on the characteristics of both the driver and of the number of lighting devices (1) to be supplied and the number and power of the LED light sources (5) connected to the same.

[0076] For its part, the power of the driver is not a fixed value but presents a very wide variable range, this power depending at every instant of time on the supply current at every instant.

[0077] In this form of preferential embodiment of the invention each driver and the associated 25 luminaires or lighting devices (1) thereof constitute a 50 m linear lighting system having 1600 LEDs (5) through each whereof there circulates a current of 60 mA. This current is also variable as a function of the driver and the LED light sources (5) to be utilized.

[0078] In terms of example, in other forms of embodiment it may be considered that, as a function of the length of the tunnel, the driver may supply a different number of luminaires or lighting devices (1). The number of devices supplied from a single driver may vary between 1 and 100 units.

[0079] In this manner, for example, in the case of supplying 24 lighting devices (1), corresponding to a tunnel length of 48 m, the current in each LED (5) would be 62.5 mA, resulting in 4.16% more lighting in those 48 m than in the 50 m initially considered, whilst if the driver supplies 26 lighting devices (1), corresponding to a tunnel length of 52 m, the current in each LED (5) would be 57.69 mA, there being obtained 3.85% less lighting in the stretch of tunnel of 52 m than in that of 50 m.

[0080] Moreover, and returning to the form of embodiment herein proposed wherein there is considered a tunnel length of 50 m illuminated by means of 25 luminaires or lighting devices (1) supplied by the same driver, each of the lighting devices (1) comprises 64 LEDs (5) and, as a consequence, said driver is supplying a total of 1600 LEDs (5), as a result whereof the power of each of the LEDs (5) is 0.1688 W, much lower than the nominal power corresponding to said LEDs (5), by virtue thereof greater efficacy will be achieved.

[0081] Furthermore, in this example the efficacy of each luminaire or lighting device (1) is 129.94 lm/W, arising from the ratio between the light flux emitted by said lighting device (1) (1403 lm) and the power of the same (10.8 W).

[0082] In other forms of preferential embodiment of the invention this lighting efficacy presents a value varying from that obtained for this proposed form of embodiment. This variation will depend upon the light flux of the lighting device (1) and upon the power of the LED light sources (5) and, consequently, upon the lighting device (1) itself, the outcome being that the value of this luminous efficacy lies between 50 and 200 lm/W.

[0083] Below there is provided a table of the values corresponding to this example presented in terms of preferential form of embodiment of the invention:

TABLE-US-00001 LED PCB Lighting device Driver No. of LEDs 1 16 64   1600 No. of PCBs 0.0625 1 4   100 Length (m) 0.031 0.5 2    50 Current (mA) 60 60 240   6000 Voltage (V DC) 2.81 45 45    45 Power (W) 0.1688 2.7 10.8   270 Flux (lm) 21.93 350.8 1403 35 084

[0084] In addition, a study has been carried out of the working life of the LED light sources (5) having a soldering temperature (Ts) of 54.5° C. and a continuous output current (If) of 120 mA, the result obtained being that solely 30% of the initial luminance is lost after 71 000 hours (>8 years).

[0085] In the form of preferential embodiment of the invention there is considered a supply of 60 mA, one half of that considered in the test and, furthermore, with lower night-time values. The fact of reducing the supply to one half significantly improves the life and efficiency of these LED light sources (5), in this case in excess of 150 000 hours (>17 years) being achieved.

[0086] It must be emphasized that the LED light sources (5) continue to be lit even though 30% of the initial luminance thereof has been lost, consequently in order to reach a point of the loss of 50% of the same one would have to wait almost 30 years in which case failures of any other component may arise beforehand, and aspects such as the reliability of the LED light sources (5) and the processes of manufacture, handling and maintenance start to be of importance.

[0087] In addition the driver or source of supply is habitually the critical element in the working life of a illumination installation having LEDs. Within the interior thereof there are located electrolytic capacitors, the life whereof greatly depends on the temperature. In this form of embodiment capacitors of 105° C. and 5000 h have been employed, this signifying that working at 50° C. (temperature within the interior of the driver) a life of 200 000 hours is achieved.

[0088] Consequently, approximately 20 years of life are obtained in the drivers by virtue of the high reliability of the condensers.

[0089] In terms of another aspect, in this example, presented as a form of preferential embodiment of the invention, the LED light sources (5) situated at adjacent extremities of consecutive luminaires or lighting devices (1) present a separation distance similar to that of two LED light sources (5) of the same lighting device (1), such that the angle of emission (AE) of light rays of the same upon the object area in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel permits a continuity of the same in the same manner as in consecutive LED light sources (5) of the same lighting device (1).

[0090] In this example, presented as a form of preferential embodiment of the invention, a symmetrical illumination by means of the continuous lighting system described is considered, however, in other forms of embodiment, the continuous lighting system may comprise means of generation of counterbeam lighting from the LED light sources (5) of a luminaire or lighting device (1), formed by a plurality of reflectors each whereof associated to one of said lighting sources.

[0091] Consequently, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the means of securing the longitudinal base (2) of the lighting devices (1) to the interior of the tunnel comprise at least a securing assembly (14) comprising a first part (15) formed by a planar surface (20) suitable for the securing thereof upon the wall or roof of the tunnel through bolted means, wherefrom there emerge perpendicularly the same number of parallel flanges (21) presenting a through hole of an axis of pivoting (22).

[0092] Furthermore, it comprises a second part (19) presenting a planar surface (16) wherefrom there emerge perpendicularly and in a first direction the same number of legs (17) suitable for the affixation of a base (2), and wherefrom there emerge in a second direction opposed to the first the same number of parallel flanges (18) presenting an orifice for securing the axis of pivoting (22) of the first part (15), such that the second part (19) is suitable for presenting a variation in the angle of inclination (AI) with respect to the first part (15).

[0093] The angle of inclination (AI) of the light ray in the sense of the transverse direction of the tunnel will, as a consequence, be obtained from the combination of the angle of installation of the planar surface (20) upon the wall or roof of the tunnel and the relative angle of rotation between the parts (19) and (15).

[0094] The forms of embodiment described merely constitute examples of the present invention, as a consequence the specific details, terms and phrases employed in this descriptive memorandum shall not be considered as being limitative but shall be understood merely as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis providing a comprehensible description together with the information sufficient for an expert in the matter to be enabled to apply the present invention.