Liquid-crystalline medium

Abstract

Liquid-crystalline media having one or more compounds of formula C ##STR00001##
and high-frequency components containing these media, especially microwave components for high-frequency devices, such as devices for shifting the phase of microwaves, tunable filters, tunable metamaterial structures, and electronic beam steering antennas (e.g. phased array antennas).

Claims

1. A liquid crystal medium, comprising at least one compound of formula C ##STR00367## in which R.sup.C denotes H, unfluorinated alkyl or unfluorinated alkoxy having 1 to 12 C atoms, or unfluorinated alkenyl, unfluorinated alkenyloxy or unfluorinated alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 12 C atoms, in which alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkenyloxy or alkoxy-alkyl one or more CH.sub.2-groups may be replaced by ##STR00368## L.sup.C1, L.sup.C2 identically or differently, denote H, Cl or F, R.sup.C1, R.sup.C2, R.sup.C3, R.sup.C4, R.sup.C5, and R.sup.C6 identically or differently, denote H, F, Cl, or alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms, or cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl or cyclopentyl; and one or more compounds of I or II, ##STR00369## and at least one compound of formula III-1 ##STR00370## in which R.sup.1 denotes H, unfluorinated alkyl or unfluorinated alkoxy having 1 to 17 C atoms, or unfluorinated alkenyl, unfluorinated alkenyloxy or unfluorinated alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 15 C atoms, in which alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkenyloxy or alkoxy-alkyl one or more CH.sub.2-groups may be replaced by ##STR00371## n is 0, 1 or 2, ##STR00372## on each occurrence, independently of one another, denote ##STR00373## in which R.sup.L, on each occurrence identically or differently, denotes H or alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms, and wherein ##STR00374## alternatively denotes ##STR00375## R.sup.2 denotes H, unfluorinated alkyl or unfluorinated alkoxy having 1 to 17 C atoms, or unfluorinated alkenyl, unfluorinated alkenyloxy or unfluorinated alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 15 C atoms, in which one or more CH.sub.2-groups may be replaced by ##STR00376## Z.sup.21 denotes trans-CH═CH—, trans-CF═CF— or —C≡C—, and ##STR00377## independently of one another, denote ##STR00378## in which R.sup.L, on each occurrence identically or differently, denotes H or alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms; R.sup.3 denotes H, unfluorinated alkyl or unfluorinated alkoxy having 1 to 17 C atoms, or unfluorinated alkenyl, unfluorinated alkenyloxy or unfluorinated alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 15 C atoms, in which one or more CH.sub.2-groups may be replaced by ##STR00379## one of Z.sup.31 and Z.sup.32, denotes trans-CH═CH—, trans-CF═CF— or —C≡C— and the other one, independently thereof, denotes —C≡C—, trans-CH═CH—, trans-CF═CF— or a single bond, and ##STR00380## independently of one another, denote ##STR00381## in which R.sup.L, on each occurrence identically or differently, denotes H or alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms, and wherein ##STR00382## alternatively denotes ##STR00383## the liquid crystal medium also comprising 10 to 32% by weight of one or more compounds of formula T ##STR00384## in which R.sup.T denotes halogen, CN, NCS, R.sup.F, R.sup.F—O— or R.sup.F—S—, wherein R.sup.F denotes fluorinated alkyl or fluorinated alkenyl having 2 to 12 C atoms, ##STR00385## on each occurrence, independently of one another, denote ##STR00386## L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 identically or differently, denote Cl, F, alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms or cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl or cyclopentyl, and t is 0, 1 or 2 wherein the one or more compounds of formula C and one or more compounds of formula III-1 are present in the medium in an amount of 35 to 50%.

2. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 1, wherein the medium has a clearing temperature of 90° C. or more.

3. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 1, wherein the medium has a birefringence at 20° C. and 598.3 nm of 0.300 or more.

4. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 1, wherein the medium comprises a compound of formula I where n is 0, in a total concentration of 10% or less.

5. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 1, wherein the compounds of formula T are of the formulae T-1 or T-2 or mixtures thereof ##STR00387## n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, ##STR00388## are as defined in claim 1.

6. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 5, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula T-1 in which n is 1.

7. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 1, wherein the compound of formula I is of formula I-1 to I-5 ##STR00389## in which L.sup.1, L.sup.2 and L.sup.3 on each occurrence, identically or differently, denote H or F, ##STR00390## are as defined in claim 1.

8. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 1, wherein the compound of formula II is of formulae II-1 to II-3 ##STR00391## wherein R.sup.2, ##STR00392## and are as defined in claim 1.

9. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 8, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula II-1 in a total concentration of 25% or less.

10. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 1, wherein the medium additionally comprises one or more chiral compounds.

11. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 10, wherein the one or more chiral compounds are chiral dopants of the formulae A-I, A-II, A-III or A-Ch: ##STR00393## in which R.sup.a11, R.sup.a12 and R.sup.b12, independently of one another, denote alkyl having 1 to 15 C atoms, in which, in addition, one or more non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups may each be replaced, independently of one another, by —C(R.sup.z)═C(R.sup.z)—, —C≡C—, —O—, —S—, —CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO— or —O—CO—O— in such a way that O and/or S atoms are not linked directly to one another, and in which, in addition, one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, Cl, Br, I or CN, with the proviso that R.sup.a12 is different from R.sup.b12 R.sup.a21 and R.sup.a22, independently of one another, denote alkyl having 1 to 15 C atoms, in which, in addition, one or more non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups may each be replaced, independently of one another, by —C(R.sup.z)═C(R.sup.z)—, —C≡C—, —O—, —S—, —CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO— or —O—CO—O— in such a way that O and/or S atoms are not linked directly to one another, and in which, in addition, one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, Cl, Br, I or CN, R.sup.a31, R.sup.a32 and R.sup.b32, independently of one another, denote C.sub.1-15 straight-chain or C.sub.2-15 branched alkyl, in which, in addition, one or more non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups may each be replaced, independently of one another, by —C(R.sup.z)═C(R.sup.z)—, —C≡C—, —O—, —S—, —CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO— or —O—CO—O— in such a way that O and/or S atoms are not linked directly to one another, and in which, in addition, one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, Cl, Br, I or CN, with the proviso that R.sup.a32 is different from R.sup.b32; R.sup.z denotes H, CH.sub.3, F, Cl, or CN, R.sup.8 has one of the meanings of Ra11, Z.sup.8 denotes —C(O)O—, CH.sub.2O, CF.sub.2O or a single bond, A.sup.11 is independently defined as A′.sup.2 below, or alternatively denotes ##STR00394## A.sup.12 denotes ##STR00395## in which r is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4; L.sup.12, on each occurrence, independently of one another, denotes halogen, CN, C.sub.1-12-alkyl, C.sub.2-12-alkenyl, C.sub.1-12-alkoxy or C.sub.2-12-alkenyloxy and in which one or more H atoms are optionally replaced with halogen; A.sup.21 denotes ##STR00396## A.sup.22 independently has the meanings given for A.sup.12 A.sup.31 independently has the meanings given for A.sup.11, alternatively denotes ##STR00397## A.sup.32 independently has the meanings given for A.sup.12 n2 on each occurrence, identically or differently, is 0, 1 or 2, and n3 is 1, 2 or 3.

12. A high-frequency technology component comprising in said component the liquid crystal medium according to claim 1.

13. The component according to claim 12, wherein the component is suitable for operation in the microwave range.

14. The component according to claim 12, wherein the component is a liquid-crystal based antenna element, a phase shifter, a tunable filter, a tunable metamaterial structure, a matching network or a varactor.

15. A microwave antenna array, comprising one or more components according to claim 12.

16. A liquid crystal lens or a liquid crystal wavefront corrector, comprising a liquid-crystal medium according to claim 1.

17. A process for the preparation of a liquid-crystal medium according to claim 1, comprising mixing one or more compounds of formula C with one or more compounds of formula T and III-1 and optionally with one or more compounds of formula I and/or II and optionally additional mesogenic compounds; and optionally adding a chiral compound.

Description

EXAMPLES

(1) The following examples illustrate the present invention without limiting it in any way.

(2) However, it is clear to the person skilled in the art from the physical properties what properties can be achieved and in what ranges they can be modified. In particular, the combination of the various properties which can preferably be achieved is thus well defined for the person skilled in the art.

MIXTURE EXAMPLES

(3) The comparative liquid-crystal mixtures C1 and C2 and liquid-crystal mixtures N1 to N61 having the compositions and properties as indicated in the following tables are prepared and characterized with respect to their general physical properties and their applicability in microwave components at 19 GHz and 20° C.

Comparative Mixture Example C1

(4) TABLE-US-00006 PTU-3-S 6.0% T.sub.(N, I)•[° C.]: 163.5 PTU-5-S 10.0% Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 14.9 PPTU-4-S 6.0% ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 18.7 PPTU-5-S 10.0% ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.8 CPU-2-S 26.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s], (20° C.): 477 CPU-4-S 20.0% K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 14.9 PPU-TO-S 22.0% K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 24.7 Σ 100.0% V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.06 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.311 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5709 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4609 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0060 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0101 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 30.8

Comparative Mixture Example C2

(5) TABLE-US-00007 PPTU-4-S 6.0% T.sub.(N, I)•[° C.]: 163.5 PPTU-5-S 12.0% Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 14.9 CPU-2-S 26.0% ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 18.7 CPU-4-S 20.0% ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.8 PPU-TO-S 28.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s], (20° C.): 477 P(2)TU-5-S 8.0% K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 14.9 Σ 100.0% K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 24.7 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.06 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.312 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5741 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4594 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0058 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0095 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 32.8

(6) Mixture N1

(7) TABLE-US-00008 PPTU-4-S 6.0% T.sub.(N, I)•[° C.]: 162.0 PPTU-5-S 10.0% Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 14.6 CPU-2-S 26.0% ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 18.4 PPU-TO-S 28.0% ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.8 CPTU-4-S 20.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s], (20° C.): 511 P(2)TU-5-S 10.0% K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 14.4 Σ 100.0% K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 25.0 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.05 LTS bulk [h], (−30° C.): 1000 LTS bulk [h], (−40° C.): 408 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.323 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5643 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4135 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0055 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0089 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 36.3

(8) Mixture N1 differs from comparative mixture C2 in that the compound CPU-4-S has been replaced with the compound CPTU-4-S according to the invention. Surprisingly, this results in a higher clearing temperature and an increase in the material quality r from 32.8 to 36.3 due to a higher tunability and lower dielectric loss.

(9) Mixture N2

(10) TABLE-US-00009 PPTU-4-S 6.0% T.sub.(N, I)•[° C.]: 164.5 PPTU-5-S 10.0% Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 11.2 CPU-2-S 26.0% ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 15.0 PPU-TO-S 26.0% ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.8 CPTU-4-S 14.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s], (20° C.): 513 CPTU-3V-S 8.0% K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 14.9 P(2)TU-5-S 10.0% K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 25.6 Σ 100.0% V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.05 LTS bulk [h], (−30° C.): 1000 LTS bulk [h], (−40° C.): 1000 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.321 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5786 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4309 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0055 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0089 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 36.1

(11) Mixture N2 differs from comparative mixture C2 in that the compound CPU-4-S has been replaced with the compounds CPTU-4-S and CPTU-3V-S according to the invention. This results in an increase in the material quality r from 32.8 to 36.1 due to a higher tunability and lower dielectric loss.

(12) Mixture N3

(13) TABLE-US-00010 PTU-5-S 10.0% T.sub.(N, I)•[° C.]: 173.0 PPTU-4-S 6.0% Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 16.0 PPTU-5-S 10.0% ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 19.8 CPU-2-S 26.0% ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.8 PPU-TO-S 24.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s], (20° C.): 480 CPTU-4-S 16.0% K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 16.0 CPTU-3V-S 8.0% K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 26.8 Σ 100.0% V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.05 LTS bulk [h], (−20° C.): 408 LTS bulk [h], (−30° C.): 336 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.327 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.6022 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4245 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0056 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0092 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 35.5

(14) Mixture N4

(15) TABLE-US-00011 PPTU-4-S 6.0% T.sub.(N, I)•[° C.]: 192.5 PPTU-5-S 10.0% Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 16.6 CPU-2-S 26.0% ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 19.3 CPU-4-S 10.0% ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.7 PPU-TO-S 24.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s], (20° C.): 561 CPTU-4-S 16.0% K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 16.4 CPTU-3V-S 8.0% K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 28.8 Σ 100.0% τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.323 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5705 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4176 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0053 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0086 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 37.6

(16) The liquid-crystal medium N4 has an extremely high clearing temperature and excellent tunability in combination with a very low dielectric loss. The material quality is significantly improved from 30.8 to 37.6 compared to the medium C1.

(17) Mixture N5

(18) TABLE-US-00012 PTU-3-S 10.0% T.sub.(N, I)•[° C.]: 157.0 PTU-5-S 10.0% Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 16.5 PPTU-4-S 6.0% ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 20.4 PPTU-5-S 10.0% ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.9 CPU-2-S 16.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s], (20° C.): 413 PPU-TO-S 24.0% K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 15.7 CPTU-4-S 16.0% K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 24.4 CPTU-3V-S 8.0% V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.03 Σ 100.0% LTS bulk [h], (−20° C.): 1000 LTS bulk [h], (−30° C.): 504 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.330 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.6276 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4291 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0059 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0100 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 33.0

(19) Mixture N6

(20) TABLE-US-00013 PTU-3-S 10.0% T.sub.(N, I)•[° C.]: 156.0 PTU-5-S 10.0% Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 17.5 PPTU-4-S 6.0% ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 21.5 PPTU-5-S 12.0% ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 4.0 PGU-3-S 14.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s], (20° C.): 445 PPU-TO-S 28.0% K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 16.6 CPTU-4-S 20.0% K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 25.3 Σ 100.0% V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.03 LTS bulk [h], (−30° C.): 1000 LTS bulk [h], (−40° C.): 1000 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.342 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.6922 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4308 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0061 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0107 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 32.0

(21) Mixture N7

(22) TABLE-US-00014 PPTU-4-S 6.0% T.sub.(N, I)•[° C.]: 164.0 PPTU-5-S 12.0% Δn (589.2 nm, 20° C.): 0.364 CPU-2-S 28.0% CPU-4-S 18.0% CPTU-4-S 16.0% CPTU-3V-S 8.0% P(2)TU-5-S 12.0% Σ 100.0%

(23) Mixture N8

(24) TABLE-US-00015 PTU-3-S 9.0% T.sub.(N, I)•[° C.]: 164.0 PTU-5-S 9.0% Δn (589.2 nm, 20° C.): 0.378 PPTU-4-S 6.0% PPTU-4-S 12.0% CPU-2-S 25.0% CPU-4-S 15.0% CPTU-4-S 16.0% CPTU-3V-S 8.0% Σ 100.0%

(25) The liquid-crystalline media according to the invention exhibit high clearing temperatures in combination with very good LTS and excellent microwave-application relevant properties, i.e. high tunability, low dielectric loss and high material quality.

(26) As mentioned above, in a preferred embodiment the media according to the present invention comprise a stabiliser.

(27) The following Mixtures N9 to N16 are obtained from the mixtures N1 to N8 using the stabiliser ST-3b-1 in the amounts given in Table 2.

(28) ##STR00363##

(29) TABLE-US-00016 TABLE 2 Mixture Example Host Mixture c(ST-3b-1) [%] N9 N1 0.12 N10 N2 0.90 N11 N3 0.10 N12 N4 0.11 N13 N5 0.12 N14 N6 0.13 N15 N7 0.10 N16 N8 0.10

(30) The following Mixtures N17 to N24 are obtained from the mixtures N1 to N8 using the stabiliser ST-3a-1 in the amounts given in Table 3.

(31) ##STR00364##

(32) TABLE-US-00017 TABLE 3 Mixture Example Host Mixture c(ST-3b-1) [%] N17 N1 0.12 N18 N2 0.90 N19 N3 0.10 N20 N4 0.11 N21 N5 0.12 N22 N6 0.13 N23 N7 0.10 N24 N8 0.10

(33) The following Mixtures N25 to N32 are obtained from the mixtures N1 to N8 using the stabilisers ST-3a-1 and ST-8-1 in the amounts given in Table 4.

(34) ##STR00365##

(35) TABLE-US-00018 TABLE 4 Mixture Example Host Mixture c(ST-3b-1) [%] c(ST-8-1) [%] N25 N1 0.12 0.050 N26 N2 0.90 0.050 N27 N3 0.10 0.050 N28 N4 0.11 0.025 N29 N5 0.12 0.020 N30 N6 0.13 0.075 N31 N7 0.10 0.075 N32 N8 0.10 0.075

(36) The following Mixtures N33 to N40 are obtained from the mixtures N1 to N8 using the stabilises ST-3b-1 and ST-16 in the amounts given in Table 5.

(37) ##STR00366##

(38) TABLE-US-00019 TABLE 5 Mixture Example Host Mixture c(ST-3b-1) [%] C(ST-16) [%] N33 N1 0.12 0.025 N34 N2 0.90 0.050 N35 N3 0.10 0.075 N36 N4 0.11 0.075 N37 N5 0.12 0.075 N38 N6 0.13 0.10 N39 N7 0.10 0.10 N40 N8 0.10 0.15

(39) Mixture N41

(40) TABLE-US-00020 ST-3b-1 0.12 T.sub.(N, I)•[° C.]: 161.5 PPTU-4-S 5.99 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 14.6 PPTU-5-S 9.99 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 18.4 CPU-2-S 25.97 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.8 PPU-TO-S 27.96 γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 511 P(2)TU-5-S 9.99 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 14.4 CPTU-4-S 19.98 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 25.0 Σ 100.0 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.74 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.05 LTS bulk [h], (−30° C.): 1000 LTS bulk [h], (−40° C.): 384 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.323 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5643 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4135 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0055 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0089 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 36.3

(41) Mixture N42

(42) TABLE-US-00021 ST-3b-1 0.12 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 155.5 PTU-3-S 9.99 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 17.5 PTU-5-S 9.99 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 21.5 PPTU-4-S 5.99 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 4.0 PPTU-5-S 11.99 γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 445 PGU-3-S 13.98 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 16.6 PPU-TO-S 27.96 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 25.3 CPTU-4-S 19.98 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.52 Σ 100.0 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.03 LTS bulk [h], (−30° C.): 1000 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.338 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.7190 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4626 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0063 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0110 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 30.7

(43) Mixture N43

(44) TABLE-US-00022 PPTU-4-S 6.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 164.5 PPTU-5-S 10.0 Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]: CPU-2-S 26.0 n.sub.e [589 nm, 20° C.]: PPU-TO-S 26.0 n.sub.o [589 nm, 20° C.]: CPTU-4-S 14.0 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 11.2 CPTU-3V-S 8.0 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 15.0 P(2)TU-5-S 10.0 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.8 Σ 100.0 γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 513 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 14.9 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 25.6 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.72 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.05 LTS bulk [h], (−30° C.): 1000 LTS bulk [h], (−40° C.): 1000 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.321 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5786 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4309 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0055 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0089 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 36.1

(45) Mixture N44

(46) TABLE-US-00023 PTU-3-S 10.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 157 PTU-5-S 10.0 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 16.5 PPTU-4-S 6.0 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 20.4 PPTU-5-S 10.0 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.9 CPU-2-S 16.0 γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 413 PPU-TO-S 24.0 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 15.7 CPTU-4-S 16.0 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 24.4 CPTU-3V-S 8.0 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.55 Σ 100.0 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.03 LTS bulk [h], (−20° C.): 1000 LTS bulk [h], (−30° C.): 504 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.330 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.6276 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4291 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0059 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0100 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 33.0

(47) Mixture N45

(48) TABLE-US-00024 PTU-5-S 10.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 173 PPTU-4-S 6.0 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 16.0 PPTU-5-S 10.0 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 19.8 CPU-2-S 26.0 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.8 PPU-TO-S 24.0 γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 480 CPTU-4-S 16.0 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 16.0 CPTU-3V-S 8.0 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 26.8 Σ 100.0 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.68 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.05 LTS bulk [h], (−20° C.): 408 LTS bulk [h], (−30° C.): 336 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.327 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.6022 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4245 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0056 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0092 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 35.5

(49) Mixture N46

(50) TABLE-US-00025 PPTU-4-S 6.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 192.5 PPTU-5-S 10.0 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 15.6 CPU-2-S 26.0 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 19.3 CPU-4-S 10.0 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.7 PPU-TO-S 24.0 γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 561 CPTU-4-S 16.0 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 16.4 CPTU-3V-S 8.0 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 28.8 Σ 100.0 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.76 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.08 LTS bulk [h], (−30° C.): 24 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.323 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5705 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4176 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0053 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0086 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 37.6

(51) Mixture N47

(52) TABLE-US-00026 PPTU-4-S 6.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 162 PPTU-5-S 10.0 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 14.6 CPU-2-S 26.0 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 18.4 PPU-TO-S 28.0 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.8 CPTU-4-S 20.0 γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 511 P(2)TU-5-S 10.0 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 14.4 Σ 100.0 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 25.0 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.73 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.05 LTS bulk [h], (−30° C.): 1000 LTS bulk [h], (−40° C.): 408 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.323 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5643 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4135 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0055 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0089 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 36.3

(53) Mixture N48

(54) TABLE-US-00027 PTU-3-S 10.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 156 PTU-5-S 10.0 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 17.5 PPTU-4-S 6.0 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 21.5 PPTU-5-S 12.0 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 4.0 PGU-3-S 14.0 γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 445 PPU-TO-S 28.0 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 16.6 CPTU-4-S 20.0 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 25.3 Σ 100.0 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.52 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.03 LTS bulk [h], (−30° C.): 1000 LTS bulk [h], (−40° C.): 1000 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.342 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.6922 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4308 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0061 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0107 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 32.0

(55) Mixture N49

(56) TABLE-US-00028 ST-3b-1 0.12 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 155.5 PTU-3-S 9.99 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 17.5 PTU-5-S 9.99 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 21.5 PPTU-4-S 5.99 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 4.0 PPTU-5-S 11.99 γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 445 PGU-3-S 13.98 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 16.6 PPU-TO-S 27.96 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 25.3 CPTU-4-S 19.98 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.52 Σ 100.0 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.03 LTS bulk [h], (−30° C.): 1000 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.338 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.7190 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4626 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0063 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0110 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 30.7

(57) Mixture N50

(58) TABLE-US-00029 PPTU-4-S 6.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 159.5 PPTU-5-S 12.0 Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]: CPU-2-S 20.0 n.sub.e [589 nm, 20° C.]: PPU-TO-S 28.0 n.sub.o [589 nm, 20° C.]: CPTU-4-S 22.0 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): P(2)TU-5-S 12.0 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): Σ 100.0 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 508 LTS bulk [h], (−30° C.): 1000 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.323 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5925 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4335 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0055 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0089 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 36.3

(59) Mixture N51

(60) TABLE-US-00030 ST-3b-1 0.12 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 161.5 PPTU-4-S 5.99 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 14.6 PPTU-5-S 9.99 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 18.4 CPU-2-S 25.97 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.8 PPU-TO-S 27.96 γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 511 P(2)TU-5-S 9.99 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 14.4 CPTU-4-S 19.98 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 25.0 Σ 100.0 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.74 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.05 LTS bulk [h], (−30° C.): 1000 LTS bulk [h], (−40° C.): 384 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.323 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5643 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4135 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0055 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0089 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 36.3

(61) Mixture N52

(62) TABLE-US-00031 PPTU-4-S 6.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 159.1 PPTU-5-S 10.0 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 14.0 PPU-TO-S 28.0 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 17.7 CPTU-3-S 7.0 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.7 CPTU-4-S 13.0 γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 564 CPTU-5-S 20.0 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 15.0 P(2)TU-5-S 16.0 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 24.9 Σ 100.0 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.66 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.09 LTS bulk [h], (−20° C.): 96 LTS bulk [h], (−30° C.): 144 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.331 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.6173 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4198 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0052 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0084 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 39.4

(63) Mixture N53

(64) TABLE-US-00032 PTU-3-S 12.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 146.5 PTU-5-S 12.0 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 16.1 PPTU-4-S 6.0 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 20.0 PPTU-5-S 12.0 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.9 PPU-TO-S 24.0 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 15.7 CPTU-4-S 14.0 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 24.0 CPTU-5-S 20.0 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.53 Σ 100.0 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.04 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.332 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.6389 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4296 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0060 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0101 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 32.9

(65) Mixture N54

(66) TABLE-US-00033 PTU-3-S 10.0 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.329 PTU-5-S 10.0 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.6726 PPTU-4-S 6.0 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4635 PPTU-5-S 12.0 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0057 PPU-TO-S 28.0 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0096 CPTU-4-S 10.0 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 34.3 CPTU-5-S 14.0 CPTU-6-S 10.0 Σ 100.0

(67) Mixture N55

(68) TABLE-US-00034 PTU-5-S 10.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 143 PPTU-4-S 6.0 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.327 PPTU-5-S 12.0 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.7049 PGU-3-S 14.0 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4917 PPU-TO-S 28.0 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0056 CPTU-4-S 20.0 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0100 PTP(1,1)-4-S 10.0 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 32.7 Σ 100.0

(69) Mixture N56

(70) TABLE-US-00035 PTU-3-S 10.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 156 PTU-5-S 10.0 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.339 PPTU-4-S 6.0 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.6866 PPTU-5-S 12.0 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4356 PGU-3-S 14.0 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0061 PPU-TO-S 28.0 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0108 CPTU-4-S 8.0 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 31.4 CPTU-5-S 12.0 Σ 100.0

(71) Mixture N57

(72) TABLE-US-00036 PTU-3-S 10.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 156.5 PTU-5-S 11.0 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.337 PPTU-4-S 6.0 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.6905 PPTU-5-S 10.0 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4484 PGU-3-S 14.0 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0059 PPU-TO-S 22.0 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0106 CPTU-4-S 10.0 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 31.8 CPTU-5-S 17.0 Σ 100.0

(73) Mixture N58

(74) TABLE-US-00037 PTU-3-S 10.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 157 PTU-5-S 10.0 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.342 PPTU-4-S 6.0 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.7408 PPTU-5-S 10.0 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4605 PGU-3-S 14.0 tan δ.sub.εr, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0061 PPU-TO-S 22.0 tan δ.sub.εr, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0110 CPTU-4-S 8.0 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 31.1 CPTU-5-S 12.0 PPTU-TO-S 8.0 Σ 100.0

(75) Mixture N59

(76) TABLE-US-00038 PTU-3-S 10.0 PTU-5-S 10.0 PTPU-4-S 6.0 PPTU-5-S 12.0 PGU-3-S 14.0 PPU-TO-S 28.0 CPTU-4-S 8.0 CPTU-5-S 12.0 Σ 100.0

(77) Mixture N60

(78) TABLE-US-00039 PTU-3-S 10.0 PTU-5-S 10.0 PPTU-4-S 6.0 PTPU-5-S 12.0 PGU-3-S 14.0 PPU-TO-S 28.0 CPTU-4-S 8.0 CPTU-5-S 12.0 Σ 100.0

(79) Mixture N61

(80) TABLE-US-00040 PTU-3-S 10.0 PTU-5-S 10.0 PTPU-4-S 6.0 PTPU-5-S 12.0 PGU-3-S 14.0 PPU-TO-S 28.0 CPTU-4-S 8.0 CPTU-5-S 12.0 Σ 100.0

(81) The preceding examples can be repeated with similar success by substituting the generically or specifically described reactants and/or operating conditions of this invention for those used in the preceding examples.

(82) From the foregoing description, one skilled in the art can easily ascertain the essential characteristics of this invention and, without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, can make various changes and modifications of the invention to adapt it to various usages and conditions.