FLAME PROTECTION APPARATUS AND DRYER DRUM COMPRISING SUCH A FLAME PROTECTION APPARATUS

Abstract

A flame protection apparatus for installation in a dryer drum includes a plurality of sheet metal lamellae that form a ring arrangement about a longitudinal axis. Each sheet metal lamella includes a concave inner contour in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. On an outer side facing away from the inner contour, an installation member is configured for installing the sheet metal lamella on the dryer drum.

Claims

1. A flame protection apparatus for installation in a dryer drum, the flame protection apparatus comprising: a plurality of sheet metal lamellae that form a ring arrangement about a longitudinal axis, wherein each sheet metal lamella of the plurality of sheet metal lamellae includes a concave inner contour in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and on an outer side facing away from the inner contour, an installation member configured for installing the sheet metal lamella on the dryer drum.

2. The flame protection apparatus of claim 1, wherein the installation member is integrally formed as one piece with the sheet metal lamella.

3. The flame protection apparatus of claim 2, wherein the installation member is formed as a folded edge.

4. The flame protection apparatus of claim 1, wherein the installation member includes a connecting portion oriented with respect to the longitudinal axis.

5. The flame protection apparatus of claim 4, wherein the connecting portion is oriented radially with respect to the longitudinal axis.

6. The flame protection apparatus of claim 1, wherein the installation member is arranged at an end of the sheet metal lamella in the circumferential direction with respect to the longitudinal axis.

7. The flame protection apparatus of claim 1, further including at least one coupling member fastened to the sheet metal lamella for coupling with another sheet metal lamella arranged adjacent in the circumferential direction.

8. The flame protection apparatus of claim 7, wherein the at least one coupling member protrudes in the circumferential direction on the sheet metal lamella.

9. The flame protection apparatus of claim 1, wherein the sheet metal lamella includes a plurality of sheet metal strips in the circumferential direction with respect to the longitudinal axis, wherein the sheet metal strips are connected to one another in one piece.

10. The flame protection apparatus of claim 9, wherein the sheet metal strips are connected to one another by bending.

11. The flame protection apparatus of claim 1, further including a baffle wall arranged at a distance from the ring arrangement in the axial direction with respect to the longitudinal axis.

12. The flame protection apparatus of claim 1, further including a corrugated ring arrangement arranged in the axial direction with respect to the longitudinal axis.

13. The flame protection apparatus of claim 12, wherein the corrugated ring arrangement is arranged downstream from the ring arrangement.

14. The flame protection apparatus of claim 1, wherein the ring arrangement is a first ring arrangement, and further including a second ring arrangement positioned to one side of the first ring arrangement in the axial direction with respect to the longitudinal axis.

15. The flame protection apparatus of claim 14, wherein the first and second ring arrangements are arranged along a heat propagation direction.

16. A dryer drum comprising the flame protection apparatus of claim 1 positioned to face a first end wall.

17. The dryer drum of claim 16, further including a material inlet arranged at the first end wall.

18. The dryer drum of claim 16, further including an incoming air duct arranged at the first end wall.

19. The dryer drum of claim 18, wherein the incoming air duct includes an exhaust gas recirculation duct connected to an exhaust gas side of the dryer drum.

20. The dryer drum of claim 16, further including a dust feed.

21. The dryer drum of claim 20, wherein the dust feed is located in the region of the first end wall.

22. The dryer drum of claim 20, wherein the dust feed is located adjacent to the material inlet.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Further advantageous configurations, additional features and details of the invention will be apparent from the following description of an embodiment example with reference to the drawing.

[0040] FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional illustration of a dryer drum for RC material comprising a flame protection apparatus according to the invention,

[0041] FIG. 2 shows a side view of the flame protection apparatus according to FIG. 1,

[0042] FIG. 3 shows a sectional illustration according to section line III-III in FIG. 2,

[0043] FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the flame protection apparatus according to FIG. 2,

[0044] FIG. 5 shows a perspective, enlarged illustration of a sheet metal lamella of the flame protection apparatus in FIG. 4,

[0045] FIG. 6 shows a view of the sheet metal lamella according to arrow VI in FIG. 5,

[0046] FIG. 7 shows a view of the sheet metal lamella according to arrow VII in FIG. 6.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] A system designated as 1 in FIG. 1 serves for the production of asphalt, in particular for drying and heating old asphalt granulate, so-called RC material.

[0048] The system 1 comprises a dryer drum 2 which can be driven in rotation about an axis of rotation 3. A rotary drive serves this purpose, which is not shown in FIG. 1 for reasons of illustration. In particular, the dryer drum 2 is rotatably mounted by means of pivot bearings, which are not shown in FIG. 1 for reasons of illustration.

[0049] The dryer drum 2 is essentially cylindrical with respect to the axis of rotation 3 and has a first end wall 4, which is shown on the right in FIG. 1. A burner 5 is arranged at the first end wall 4 and in particular fastened to the first end wall 4. The burner 5 generates a burner flame 6 which is arranged at least partially inside the dryer drum 2.

[0050] At the end facing the first end wall 4, the dryer drum 2 has a material inlet 7 to feed the RC material that is to be dried to the dryer drum 2. Correspondingly, a material outlet 9 is arranged at a second end face 8 of the dryer drum 2 that is opposite the first end wall 4, in order to discharge the dried RC material from the dryer drum 2. In particular, no end wall is arranged at the second end face 8. The dryer drum 2 is designed to be open at the second end face 8. The material outlet 9 is designed in particular without a separate outlet element. In particular, the material outlet 9 is configured in such a manner that the RC material that has been dried in the dryer drum 2 is discharged from the dryer drum 2 via the open second end face 8 and, as a result of gravity, drops into an appropriately positioned silo or a suitable transport container.

[0051] A material transport direction 10 is oriented in the dryer drum 2 along the axis of rotation 3 from the first end wall 4 towards the end face 8.

[0052] Heat is supplied to the dryer drum 2 by means of the burner 5 and the burner flame 6 generated by the latter. A heat propagation direction 21 is parallel to the axis of rotation 3 and in particular is directed from the first end wall 4 towards the end face 8. The heat propagation direction 21 is in particular identical with the material transport direction 10. The dryer drum 2 is operated in a co-current mode.

[0053] The dryer drum 2 can be arranged with the axis of rotation 3 opposite the horizontal with an angle of inclination, in particular between 1° and 10°. The material transport along the material transport direction 10 through the dryer drum 2 is thereby promoted, in particular if the inclination is decreasing towards the end face 8.

[0054] In the dryer drum 2, facing the first end wall 4, a flame protection apparatus is arranged, which is identified as a whole by 11. The flame protection apparatus 11 serves in particular to prevent direct contact of the RC material with the burner flame 6. The flame protection apparatus 11 is in particular permanently installed in the dryer drum 2. When the dryer drum 2 is rotated about the axis of rotation 3, the flame protection apparatus 11 is rotated as well.

[0055] Along the material transport direction 10, a recirculation portion 12 adjoins the flame protection apparatus 11 in the dryer drum 2. The recirculation portion 12 extends along the axis of rotation 3, in particular from the flame protection apparatus 11 to the end face 8. A plurality of recirculation members 14, in particular in the form of lifter plates, are arranged in the recirculation portion 12 at the inner wall 13 of the dryer drum 2. The recirculation members 14 are in particular fastened directly to the inner wall 13 of the dryer drum 2.

[0056] In the region of the flame protection apparatus 11, no recirculation members 14 are arranged. In the region of the flame protection apparatus 11, the dryer drum 2 is designed without lifter plates or at least with drum protectors, which will be explained in more detail later on.

[0057] In particular, the flame protection apparatus 11 and the recirculation portion 12 are arranged one behind the other in the dryer drum along the axis of rotation 3 and in particular without any overlap.

[0058] An extraction hood 15 is connected to the dryer drum 2 on the end face 8, which forms an exhaust gas side of the dryer drum 2. Emission-laden air is extracted from the dryer drum 2 via the extraction hood 15 and returned to the dryer drum via an exhaust gas recirculation duct 16, a fan 17 and an incoming air duct 18. It is understood that filter members and/or additional fans can be arranged along the ducts 16, 18. In addition, a partial flow of the emission-laden air can be led directly as exhaust gas from the extraction hood 15 and/or a branch line from the exhaust gas recirculation duct 16 can be led into a dust extraction system.

[0059] The fan 17 is designed in particular as a radial fan. It is understood that the fan 17 can also be designed as an axial fan. The fan 17 can be designed as a suction or blowing fan.

[0060] The incoming air duct 18 opens into the dryer drum 2 at the first end wall 4. In particular, the inlet opening 19 of the incoming air duct 18 is arranged in a radial direction with respect to the axis of rotation 3 between the burner flame 6 and the flame protection apparatus 11.

[0061] A storage container 20 can be connected to the material inlet 7. In particular, dust and in particular so-called filler material is stored in the storage container 20. The dust particles of the filler material have an average particle size of at least 63 .Math.m, in particular of at least 100 .Math.m, in particular of at least 200 .Math.m, in particular of at least 300 .Math.m and in particular of at most 500 .Math.m.

[0062] Additionally, in the dust extraction system, which is not shown, a pre-separator is arranged in which dust, so-called coarse filler, is separated. This coarse filler can be fed for so-called powdering from the pre-separator of the dust extraction system to the material inlet and/or directly in a region of the material feed into the dryer drum 2, in particular via a chute, a screw conveyor and/or a conveyor fan into an elevator.

[0063] In particular, the feed of the coarse filler from the pre-separator of the dust extraction system into the inlet of the elevator thus serves as dust feed. Additionally or alternatively, dust can be fed, in particular from the separate storage container 20.

[0064] In the following, the flame protection apparatus 11 is explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 7. The flame protection apparatus 11 has a longitudinal axis 22 and at least one, in particular multiple, in particular four, ring arrangements 23 that are arranged one behind the other along the longitudinal axis 22. The flame protection apparatus 11 is arranged in the dryer drum 2 in such a manner that the axis of rotation 3 and the longitudinal axis 22 coincide.

[0065] In particular, the ring arrangements 23 are each designed identically. According to the embodiment example shown, in each case two ring arrangements 23 that are arranged adjacent to each other along the longitudinal axis 22 are disposed with different angular positions of rotation with respect to the longitudinal axis. A corrugated ring arrangement 24 is arranged along the longitudinal axis 22 after the ring arrangements 23. The corrugated ring arrangement 24 can also be arranged so as to overlap the ring arrangements 23 at least in certain regions and, in particular, so as to overlap them completely. In particular, the corrugated ring arrangement 24 can extend in the axial direction with respect to the longitudinal axis 22 along the length of the flame protection apparatus 11, i.e. in particular up to the first end wall 4. The corrugated ring arrangement 24 is arranged downstream with respect to the ring arrangements 23 referring to the heat propagation direction 21. The corrugated ring arrangement 24 is in particular optional.

[0066] Instead of the corrugated ring arrangement 24, individual, in particular unconnected, protective sheets, in particular flat iron, can also be fastened to the inner side of the dryer drum 2.

[0067] The ring arrangements 23 each have an outer diameter D.sub.R,a which is smaller than an inner diameter D.sub.i of the dryer drum 2. In particular, D.sub.R,a < D.sub.i, in particular D.sub.R,a ≤ 0.9 x D.sub.i, in particular D.sub.R,a ≤ 0.85 x D.sub.i and in particular D.sub.R,a ≤ 0.8 x D.sub.i.

[0068] The corrugated ring arrangement 24 has an outer diameter D.sub.W,a which essentially corresponds to the inner diameter D.sub.i of the dryer drum 2. The outer diameter D.sub.W,a is larger than the outer diameter D.sub.R,a. In particular, Dw,a > D.sub.R,a in particular D.sub.W,a ≥ 1.05 x D.sub.R,a and in particular D.sub.W,a ≥ 1.1 x D.sub.R,a applies.

[0069] The corrugated ring arrangement 24 comprises a plurality of double sheet metal members 25, eighteen according to the embodiment example shown, each of which is substantially concave with respect to the longitudinal axis 22 and has a substantially V-shaped contour. Each two adjacently arranged double sheet metal members 25 are connected to one another by means of connecting members 42 arranged in the circumferential direction, whereby the closed corrugated ring arrangement 24 is formed and has a corresponding corrugated ring contour, which can be seen in particular in FIG. 4. The corrugated ring arrangement 24 is particularly rigid and has a high stability. The risk of geometric deformation of the corrugated ring arrangement 24 due to increased temperature changes is reduced.

[0070] An optional baffle wall 26 is fastened to the corrugated ring arrangement 24. The baffle wall 26 is disc-shaped and has a circular contour. The baffle wall 26 has a surface normal which is oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis 22.

[0071] The baffle wall 26 is in particular made of a metal sheet. The baffle wall 26 is retained on the corrugated ring arrangement 24 by means of at least one transverse strut 27. According to the embodiment example shown, two transverse struts 27 are present. There may also be more, in particular at least three, transverse struts 27. The transverse struts 27 serve to provide additional transverse stiffening of the corrugated ring arrangement 24. The transverse struts 27 are arranged transversely and, in particular, vertically with respect to the longitudinal axis 22. The transverse struts 27 are arranged diametrically opposite with respect to the longitudinal axis 22.

[0072] The baffle wall 26 has a diameter D.sub.P which is smaller than the diameter D.sub.W,a of the corrugated ring arrangement 24. In particular, the diameter D.sub.P of the baffle wall 26 is less than 90% of the inner diameter D.sub.i of the dryer drum 2 and in particular less than 80% of the inner diameter D.sub.i of the dryer drum 2. In particular, D.sub.P ≤ 0.75 x D.sub.i, in particular D.sub.P ≤ 0.7 x D.sub.i, in particular D.sub.P ≤ 0.6 x D.sub.i, in particular D.sub.P ≤ 0.5 x D.sub.i and in particular D.sub.P ≥ 0.3 x D.sub.i.

[0073] The baffle wall 26 is arranged approximately centrally at the corrugated ring arrangement 24 with respect to the longitudinal axis 22. The baffle wall 26 serves as an axial end member of the flame protection apparatus 11, which axial end member is essentially of hollow cylindrical design.

[0074] The ring arrangements 23 each comprise several sheet metal lamellae 28, in particular of identical design. According to the embodiment example shown, each ring arrangement 23 comprises eight sheet metal lamellae 28. Sheet metal lamellae 28 that are adjacent in the circumferential direction 31 are detachably connected to each other. Finger-like coupling members 29, which protrude in the circumferential direction 31 around the longitudinal axis 22 on the sheet metal lamellae 28, are used for this purpose in order to simplify coupling with the respective adjacent sheet metal lamella 28. The coupling members 29 can be used to push one sheet metal lamella 28 onto the respective adjacent sheet metal lamella 28.

[0075] The structure of the sheet metal lamellae 28 is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7.

[0076] In particular, the sheet metal lamella 28 is made in one piece as a whole and in particular is made from a sheet metal blank by deformation. The sheet metal lamella 28 has a concave inner contour 30, which is curved at least in portions according to the embodiment example shown. The inner contour 30 can also be continuously curved, in particular as a circular line segment.

[0077] The inner contour 30 is formed in particular by a plurality of sheet metal strips 32 that are arranged next to one another in the circumferential direction 31. The sheet metal strips 32 are connected to each other in one piece and formed from a one-piece sheet metal blank, in particular by chamfering. A chamfered connection 41 is formed in each case between two sheet metal strips 32 that are adjacent in the circumferential direction 31. The chamfered connection 41 has a chamfered radius that faces the inner contour 30 and is concave.

[0078] The sheet metal lamella 28 comprises an installation member 33 which is formed in one piece on the sheet metal lamella 28. In particular, this avoids joining connections, in particular welded connections, for fastening installation members to the sheet metal lamella. The service life and in particular the high temperature resistance of the sheet metal lamella 28 is thus increased.

[0079] The installation member 33 is arranged at the end of one of the sheet metal strips 32 in the circumferential direction 31. The installation member 33 is designed as a folded edge, in particular having a folding angle w of 90° with respect to the sheet metal strip 32.

[0080] The installation member 33 thus extends essentially as a transverse web to the sheet metal strip 32 on which the installation member 33 is moulded. At an end opposite to the sheet metal strip 32, a stabilizing web 34 is formed on the installation member 33. Due to the stabilizing web 34 and the sheet metal strip 32 arranged opposite to the installation member 33, the installation member 33 essentially obtains the shape of a U-profile or an open rectangular profile. The installation member 33 has a high inherent stability and stiffness.

[0081] The installation member 33 has a connecting portion which, according to the embodiment example shown, is essentially formed by a plurality of, in particular five, connecting bores 35. The connecting bores 35 are arranged in the transverse web of the installation member 33 and enable the sheet metal lamella 28 to be detachably connected to an installation member 33 on the dryer drum 2.

[0082] For the installation, a mount 36 is arranged on the inner wall 13 of the dryer drum 2 and is in particular firmly attached, in particular welded, to the inner wall 13 of the dryer drum 2. The mount 36 extends in particular in a radial direction with respect to the inner wall 13 and has a coupling portion 37 having a plurality of openings which can be arranged in alignment with the connecting bores 35. According to the embodiment example shown, the mount 36 is connected to the installation member 33 by means of a retaining bar 37, fastening screws 38 that are passed through the connecting bores 35 and fastening nuts 39 that cooperate therewith.

[0083] The sheet metal lamellae 28 are each designed with a cone angle k relative to the mount 36. Accordingly, the respective ring arrangements 23 have a conicity which is exaggeratedly shown in FIG. 1. It is essential that the ring arrangements 23 taper conically in the heat propagation direction 21, i.e. towards the baffle wall 26. Along the longitudinal axis 22, the ring arrangements 23 may be arranged in an overlapping manner. In an overlap region 40, a radial gap may result which extends in particular in the circumferential direction 31, in particular fully circumferentially. The overlap region 40 extends along the longitudinal axis 22 over at most 20% of the axial extension of a ring arrangement 23, in particular over at most 15%, in particular over at most 10% and in particular over at most 5%. The overlap region 40 can also be omitted. In this case, the ring arrangements 23 are arranged without overlap with respect to the longitudinal axis 22.

[0084] The sheet metal lamellae 28 are arranged in the circumferential direction 31 in such a manner that they rest against each other in the circumferential direction. The design of the ring arrangement 23 is thus inherently stiffened and designed to be particularly robust.

[0085] A material deflector sheet 43 is arranged on each of the outer sides of the sheet metal lamella 28 and is fastened in particular to the sheet metal lamella 28. The material deflector sheets 43 are arranged upstream from the mounts 36 with respect to the material transport direction 10. This means that the mounts 36 are each arranged in a shadow region formed by the material deflector sheets 43 with respect to the material transport. As a result, the mounts 36 are protected by the material deflector sheets 43, in particular from RC granulate in the dryer drum 2. The material deflector sheets 43 are optional.

[0086] It is also conceivable that the material deflector sheets 43 are attached directly to the mount 36.

[0087] For reasons of illustration, the material deflector sheets 43 are not shown in FIGS. 5 to 7.

[0088] In the following, with reference to the figures, a method for drying RC material in system 1 is explained in more detail.

[0089] In order to dry RC material, heat is supplied to the dryer drum 2 by the burner 5 and the burner flame 6, which spreads along the heat propagation direction 21. The dryer drum 2 is operated in a co-current mode by feeding RC material via the material inlet 7 and discharging dried RC material via the material outlet 9. The resulting exhaust gases are discharged from the dryer drum 2 into the extraction hood 15. There, larger particles can be separated, in particular by means of an integrated particle separation unit. In addition or alternatively, particle separation can also be achieved passively by reducing the flow velocity of the exhaust gases within the extraction hood 15 due to the size of the installation space of the extraction hood 15, so that larger particles are separated by gravity and in particular automatically.

[0090] Emission-laden exhaust gas is recirculated into the dryer drum 2 via the exhaust gas recirculation duct 16, the fan 17 and the incoming air duct 18.

[0091] The recirculated air is used to cool the flame protection apparatus 11 in the dryer drum 2.

[0092] The flame protection apparatus 11 serves to protect the RC material. In particular, the RC material is prevented from having direct flame contact, i.e. in particular from falling through the flame 6. In particular, direct radiation contact between the RC material and the flame 6 is minimized. The baffle wall 26, which provides axial radiation protection for the burner flame 6, also serves this purpose.

[0093] Due to the fact that the RC material, which is fed to the dryer drum 2 at the material inlet 7, is loaded by means of coarse filler either from the pre-separator of the dust extraction system and/or from the storage container 20, i.e. is powdered, the formation of agglomerates is prevented. This means that dry dust deposits on the comparatively moist and/or sticky surface of the fed RC material, thereby preventing the RC material from sticking to the inner wall 13 of the dryer drum 2.