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STAT5 and STAT6 Inhibitors and Uses Thereof

20230295200 · 2023-09-21

    Inventors

    Cpc classification

    International classification

    Abstract

    Described herein are compounds of Formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or stereoisomers thereof, as well as their uses as STAT5 and/or STAT6 inhibitors.

    Claims

    1. A compound of Formula I: ##STR00481## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof, wherein: R.sup.1a and R.sup.1b are independently hydrogen or C.sub.1-6 alkyl; each R.sup.2 is independently hydrogen or halogen; or Ring A is C.sub.6-10 aryl or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; each R.sup.A is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; m is an integer selected from 0 to 6; Ring B is 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl; each R.sup.B is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.B-1; two vicinal R.sup.B, together with atoms to which they are bonded, form C.sub.6 aryl or 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein the aryl or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.B-1; each R.sup.B-1 is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; n is an integer selected from 0 to 6; X is —CR.sup.X═CR.sup.X— or absent; each R.sup.X is independently hydrogen, halogen, or C.sub.1-6 alkyl; R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; each R.sup.4 independently is hydrogen, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-10 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.CR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.4a; or R.sup.4 and R.sup.B, together with the intervening atoms, form 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.4b; or two R.sup.4, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the carbocyclyl or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; each R.sup.4a is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-10 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.CR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; each R.sup.4b is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; ##STR00482## is ##STR00483## R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-10 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl), or —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl), wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.5c; each R.sup.5c is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-10 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl), or —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; Ring D is 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl; Ring E is C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl; each R.sup.5d and R.sup.5e is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; and p and q independently are integers selected from 0 to 6; wherein: each R.sup.u is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-10 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.CR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d; wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, and 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl; or two R.sup.u, together with the one or more intervening atoms, form C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6 aryl, or 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein the carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.z; each R.sup.a is independently C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; each R.sup.b is independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; and R.sup.c and R.sup.d are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; or R.sup.c and R.sup.d, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.z, wherein each occurrence of R.sup.a, R.sup.b, R.sup.c, and R.sup.d is independently and optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.z; and each R.sup.z is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl.

    2. The compound of claim 1, wherein when one of R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b is hydrogen, then the other one of R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b is not: ##STR00484## wherein: Y is —O—, —NH—, or —CH.sub.2—; and R.sup.1′ is H or benzyl.

    3. The compound of claim 1 or 2, wherein Ring A is 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl.

    4. The compound of claim 1 or 2, wherein Ring A is ##STR00485##

    5. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is a compound of Formula I-a or I-b: ##STR00486## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof.

    6. The compound of any one of claims 1-5, wherein Ring B is 5- to 8-membered heterocyclyl.

    7. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is a compound of Formula I-a-i to I-b-iii ##STR00487## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof.

    8. The compound of any one of claims 1-7, wherein each R.sup.4 is independently C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-10 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl), wherein the alkyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, or aryl, is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.4a.

    9. The compound of claim 8, wherein each R.sup.4a is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-10 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl), —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —OR.sup.b, —C(═O)R.sup.a, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    10. The compound of any one of claims 1-7, wherein one R.sup.4 and one R.sup.B, together with the intervening atoms, form 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.4b.

    11. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is a compound of Formula I-a-i-1 or I-b-i-1 ##STR00488## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof, wherein r is an integer from 0 to 10, as valency permits.

    12. The compound of claim 26, wherein the compound is a compound of Formula I-a-i-2 or I-b-i-2 ##STR00489## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof.

    13. The compound of any one of claims 1-12, wherein each R.sup.4b is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, or —C(═O)R.sup.a, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl, is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    14. The compound of any one of claims 11-13, wherein r is 0 or 1.

    15. The compound of any one of claims 1-14, wherein R.sup.1a and R.sup.1b are both hydrogen.

    16. The compound of any one of claims 1-15, wherein each R.sup.2 is independently halogen.

    17. The compound of claim 16, wherein each R.sup.2 is fluoride.

    18. The compound of any one of claims 1-17, wherein each R.sup.A is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    19. The compound of any one of claims 1-18, wherein m is 0.

    20. The compound of any one of claims 1-19, wherein R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl.

    21. The compound of any one of claims 1-20, wherein each R.sup.B is independently 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OR.sup.b, —C(═O)R.sup.a, or —C(═O)OR.sup.b, wherein the heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.B-1.

    22. The compound of claim 21, wherein each R.sup.B-1 is independently C.sub.1-6 alkyl, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d.

    23. The compound of any one of claims 1-22, wherein n is 0 or 1.

    24. The compound of any one of claims 1-23, wherein ##STR00490## is ##STR00491##

    25. The compound of claim 24, wherein R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-10 aryl), wherein the alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.5c.

    26. The compound of claim 25, wherein each R.sup.5, is independently halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    27. The compound of claim 24, wherein one of R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b is hydrogen, and the other one of R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b is 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl substituted with C.sub.6-10 aryl, wherein the aryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    28. The compound of any one of claims 1-23, wherein ##STR00492## is ##STR00493##

    29. The compound of any one of claims 1-23, wherein ##STR00494## is ##STR00495##

    30. The compound of claim 28 or 29, wherein each R.sup.5d is independently oxo, halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OR.sup.b, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, carbocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    31. The compound of claim 29 or 30, wherein Ring E is C.sub.6-10 aryl or C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl.

    32. The compound of any one of claims 29-30, wherein each R.sup.5e is independently halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    33. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is a compound of Formula (II): ##STR00496## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof, wherein: Ring A is ##STR00497## Ring B is 5- or 6-membered heterocyclyl; each R.sup.B is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.B-1; two vicinal R.sup.B, together with atoms to which they are bonded, form C.sub.6 aryl or 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein the aryl or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.B-1; each R.sup.B-1 is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; n is an integer from 0 to 6; each R.sup.4 independently is C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.6-10 aryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-10 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl), wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, or aryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.4a; or R.sup.4 and R.sup.B, together the intervening atoms, form 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.4b; each R.sup.4a is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-10 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl), —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —OR.sup.b, —C(═O)R.sup.a, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; ##STR00498## is ##STR00499## R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-10 aryl), wherein the alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.5c; each R.sup.5c is independently halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; Ring D is 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl; Ring E is C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl; each R.sup.5d is independently oxo, halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6haloalkyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OR.sup.b, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, carbocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; each R.sup.5e is independently halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; and p and q independently are integers selected from 0 to 6.

    34. The compound of claim 41, wherein when one of R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b is hydrogen, then the other one of R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b is not: ##STR00500## wherein: Y is —O—, —NH—, or —CH.sub.2—; and R.sup.1′ is H or benzyl.

    35. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is selected from compounds described in Table 1 and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

    36. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of any one of claims 1-35, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

    37. A method of inhibiting a STAT5 protein in a subject or biological sample comprising administering a compound of any one of claims 1-35 to the patient or contacting a compound of any one of claims 1-35 with the biological sample.

    38. A method of inhibiting a STAT6 protein in a subject or biological sample comprising administering a compound of any one of claims 1-35 to the patient or contacting a compound of any one of claims 1-35 with the biological sample.

    39. Use of a compound of any one of claims 1-35 in the manufacture of a medicament for inhibiting a STAT5 protein in a subject or biological sample.

    40. A method of inhibiting a STAT6 protein in a subject or biological sample comprising administering a compound of any one of claims 1-35 to the patient or contacting a compound of any one of claims 1-35 with the biological sample.

    41. A compound of any one of claims 1-35 for use in inhibiting a STAT5 protein in a subject or biological sample.

    42. A compound of any one of claims 1-35 for use in inhibiting a STAT6 protein in a subject or biological sample.

    43. A method of treating a STAT5-mediated disease or disorder, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a compound of any one of claims 1-35.

    44. A method of treating a STAT6-mediated disease or disorder, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a compound of any one of claims 1-35.

    45. Use of a compound of any one of claims 1-35 in the manufacture of a medicament for treating a STAT5-mediated disease or disorder.

    46. Use of a compound of any one of claims 1-35 in the manufacture of a medicament for treating a STAT6-mediated disease or disorder.

    47. A compound of any one of claims 1-35 for use in treating a STAT5-mediated disease or disorder.

    48. A compound of any one of claims 1-35 for use in treating a STAT6-mediated disease or disorder.

    49. The method, use, or compound for use of any one of claims 51-56, wherein the disease or disorder is breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, liver cancer, hematological malignancies, T-cell lymphoma, acute leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia, solitary fibrous tumor, solid tumors, asthma, atopic dermatitis, eosinophilic esophagitis or food allergies.

    Description

    DETAILED DESCRIPTION

    [0031] In certain aspect, the present disclosure provides compounds of Formula I:

    ##STR00002##

    and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or stereoisomers thereof, wherein: [0032] R.sup.1a and R.sup.1b are independently hydrogen or C.sub.1-6 alkyl; [0033] each R.sup.2 is independently hydrogen or halogen; or [0034] Ring A is C.sub.6-10 aryl or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; [0035] each R.sup.A is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; [0036] m is an integer selected from 0 to 6; [0037] Ring B is 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl; [0038] each R.sup.B is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.B-1; [0039] two vicinal R.sup.B, together with atoms to which they are bonded, form C.sub.6 aryl or 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein the aryl or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.B-1; [0040] each R.sup.B-1 is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; [0041] n is an integer selected from 0 to 6; [0042] X is —CR.sup.X═CR.sup.X— or absent; [0043] each R.sup.X is independently hydrogen, halogen, or C.sub.1-6 alkyl; [0044] R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; [0045] each R.sup.4 independently is hydrogen, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-10 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.4a; or [0046] R.sup.4 and R.sup.B, together with the intervening atoms, form a 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.4b; or [0047] two R.sup.4, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl; [0048] each R.sup.4a is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-10 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.CR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; [0049] each R.sup.4b is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u;

    ##STR00003##

    is

    ##STR00004## [0050] R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-10 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl), or —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl), wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.5c; [0051] each R.sup.5c is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-10 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl), or —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; [0052] Ring D is 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl; [0053] Ring E is C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl; [0054] each R.sup.5d and R.sup.5e is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; and [0055] p and q independently are integers selected from 0 to 6; [0056] wherein: [0057] each R.sup.u is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-10 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.CR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d; wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, and 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl; or [0058] two R.sup.u, together with the one or more intervening atoms, form C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6 aryl, or 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein the carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.z; [0059] each R.sup.a is independently C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; [0060] each R.sup.b is independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; and [0061] R.sup.c and R.sup.d are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; or [0062] R.sup.c and R.sup.d, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.Z, [0063] wherein each occurrence of R.sup.a, R.sup.b, R.sup.c, and R.sup.d is independently and optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.z; and [0064] each R.sup.z is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-memberred heterocyclyl.

    [0065] In certain embodiments, the compound is a compound of Formula I-a or I-b:

    ##STR00005##

    or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof.

    [0066] In certain embodiments, the compound is a compound of Formula I-a-i to I-b-iii

    ##STR00006##

    or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof.

    [0067] In certain embodiments, the compound is a compound of Formula I-a-i-1 or I-b-i-1

    ##STR00007##

    or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof, wherein r is an integer from 0 to 10, as valency permits.

    [0068] In certain embodiments, the compound is a compound of Formula I-a-i-2 or I-b-i-2

    ##STR00008##

    or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof.

    [0069] In certain embodiments, the compound is a compound of Formula (II):

    ##STR00009##

    or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof.

    [0070] In certain embodiments, when one of R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b is hydrogen, then the other one of R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b is not:

    ##STR00010##

    wherein:

    Y is —O—, —NH—, or —CH.SUB.2.—; and

    [0071] R.sup.1′ is H or benzyl.

    [0072] In certain embodiments, R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b is not:

    ##STR00011##

    wherein:

    Y is —O—, —NH—, or —CH.SUB.2.—; and

    [0073] R.sup.1′ is H or benzyl.

    [0074] In certain embodiments, R.sup.1a is hydrogen or C.sub.1-6 alkyl (e.g., methyl (C.sub.1), ethyl (C.sub.2), n-propyl (C.sub.3), i-propyl (C.sub.3), n-butyl (C.sub.4), i-butyl (C.sub.4), s-butyl (C.sub.4), t-butyl (C.sub.4), pentyl (C.sub.5), or hexyl (C.sub.6)).

    [0075] In certain embodiments, R.sup.1b is hydrogen or C.sub.1-6 alkyl (e.g., methyl (C.sub.1), ethyl (C.sub.2), n-propyl (C.sub.3), i-propyl (C.sub.3), n-butyl (C.sub.4), i-butyl (C.sub.4), s-butyl (C.sub.4), t-butyl (C.sub.4), pentyl (C.sub.5), or hexyl (C.sub.6)).

    [0076] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.2 is independently hydrogen or halogen (e.g., —F, —Cl, —Br, or —I).

    [0077] In certain embodiments, two R.sup.2, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl (e.g., cyclopropyl (C.sub.3), cyclopropenyl (C.sub.3), cyclobutyl (C.sub.4), cyclobutenyl (C.sub.4), cyclopentyl (C.sub.5), cyclopentenyl (C.sub.5), cyclohexyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexenyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexadienyl (C.sub.6), cycloheptyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptenyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptadienyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptatrienyl (C.sub.7), cyclooctyl (C.sub.8), cyclooctenyl (C.sub.8), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl (C.sub.7), bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl (C.sub.8), cyclononyl (C.sub.9), cyclononenyl (C.sub.9), cyclodecyl (C.sub.10), cyclodecenyl (C.sub.10), octahydro-1H-indenyl (C.sub.9), decahydronaphthalenyl (C.sub.10), or spiro[4.5]decanyl (C.sub.10)), 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one or two 3- to 8-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S).

    [0078] In certain embodiments, Ring A is C.sub.6-10 aryl (e.g., phenyl or naphthyl), 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl (e.g., heteroaryl comprising one or two 5- or 6-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S).

    [0079] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.A is independently halogen (e.g., —F, —Cl, —Br, or —I), —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl (e.g., methyl (C.sub.1), ethyl (C.sub.2), n-propyl (C.sub.3), i-propyl (C.sub.3), n-butyl (C.sub.4), i-butyl (C.sub.4), s-butyl (C.sub.4), t-butyl (C.sub.4), pentyl (C.sub.5), or hexyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.1-6 alkoxy (e.g., methoxy (C.sub.1), ethoxy (C.sub.2), propoxy (C.sub.3), i-propoxy (C.sub.3), n-butoxy (C.sub.4), i-butoxy (C.sub.4), s-butoxy (C.sub.4), t-butoxy (C.sub.4), pentoxy (C.sub.5), or hexoxy (C.sub.6)), C.sub.1-6 alkylamino (e.g., dimethylamino, diethylamino, di-n-propylamino, di-i-propylamino, di-n-butylamino, di-i-butylamino, di-s-butylamino, di-t-butylamino, dipentylamino, dihexylamino, methylethylamino, methyl-n-propylamino, methyl-1-propylamino, methyl-n-butylamino, methyl-1-butylamino, methyl-s-butylamino, methyl-t-butylamino, methylpentylamino, methylhexylamino, ethyl-n-propylamino, ethyl-1-propylamino, ethyl-n-butylamino, ethyl-s-butylamino, ethyl-1-butylamino, ethyl-t-butylamino, ethylpentylamino, ethylhexylamino, propyl-n-butylamino, propyl-1-butylamino, propyl-s-butylamino, propyl-t-butylamino, propylpentylylamino, propylhexylamino, n-butylpentylamino, i-butylpentylamino, s-butylpentylamino, t-butylpentylamino, n-butylhexylamino, i-butylhexylamino, s-butylhexylamino, t-butylhexylamino, or pentylhexylamino), C.sub.2-6 alkenyl (e.g., ethenyl (C.sub.2), 1-propenyl (C.sub.3), 2-propenyl (C.sub.3), 1-butenyl (C.sub.4), 2-butenyl (C.sub.4), butadienyl (C.sub.4), pentenyl (C.sub.5), pentadienyl (C.sub.5), or hexenyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.2-6 alkynyl (e.g., ethynyl (C.sub.2), 1-propynyl (C.sub.3), 2-propynyl (C.sub.3), 1-butynyl (C.sub.4), 2-butynyl (C.sub.4), pentynyl (C.sub.5), or hexynyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl (e.g., cyclopropyl (C.sub.3), cyclopropenyl (C.sub.3), cyclobutyl (C.sub.4), cyclobutenyl (C.sub.4), cyclopentyl (C.sub.5), cyclopentenyl (C.sub.5), cyclohexyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexenyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexadienyl (C.sub.6), cycloheptyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptenyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptadienyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptatrienyl (C.sub.7), cyclooctyl (C.sub.8), cyclooctenyl (C.sub.8), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl (C.sub.7), bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl (C.sub.8), cyclononyl (C.sub.9), cyclononenyl (C.sub.9), cyclodecyl (C.sub.10), cyclodecenyl (C.sub.10), octahydro-1H-indenyl (C.sub.9), decahydronaphthalenyl (C.sub.10), or spiro[4.5]decanyl (C.sub.10)), 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one or two 3- to 8-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), C.sub.6-10 aryl (e.g., phenyl or naphthyl), 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl (e.g., heteroaryl comprising one or two 5- or 6-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0080] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.A is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0081] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.A is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6 aryl, or 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0082] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.A is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0083] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.A is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0084] In certain embodiments, m is an integer selected from 0 to 6. In certain embodiments, m is 0. In certain embodiments, m is 1. In certain embodiments, m is 2. In certain embodiments, m is 3. In certain embodiments, m is 4. In certain embodiments, m is 5. In certain embodiments, m is 6.

    [0085] In certain embodiments, Ring B is 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one or two 3- to 8-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S).

    [0086] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.B is independently oxo, halogen (e.g., —F, —Cl, —Br, or —I), —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl (e.g., methyl (C.sub.1), ethyl (C.sub.2), n-propyl (C.sub.3), i-propyl (C.sub.3), n-butyl (C.sub.4), i-butyl (C.sub.4), s-butyl (C.sub.4), t-butyl (C.sub.4), pentyl (C.sub.5), or hexyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.1-6 alkoxy (e.g., methoxy (C.sub.1), ethoxy (C.sub.2), propoxy (C.sub.3), i-propoxy (C.sub.3), n-butoxy (C.sub.4), i-butoxy (C.sub.4), s-butoxy (C.sub.4), t-butoxy (C.sub.4), pentoxy (C.sub.5), or hexoxy (C.sub.6)), C.sub.1-6 alkylamino (e.g., dimethylamino, diethylamino, di-n-propylamino, di-i-propylamino, di-n-butylamino, di-i-butylamino, di-s-butylamino, di-t-butylamino, dipentylamino, dihexylamino, methylethylamino, methyl-n-propylamino, methyl-1-propylamino, methyl-n-butylamino, methyl-1-butylamino, methyl-s-butylamino, methyl-t-butylamino, methylpentylamino, methylhexylamino, ethyl-n-propylamino, ethyl-1-propylamino, ethyl-n-butylamino, ethyl-s-butylamino, ethyl-1-butylamino, ethyl-t-butylamino, ethylpentylamino, ethylhexylamino, propyl-n-butylamino, propyl-1-butylamino, propyl-s-butylamino, propyl-t-butylamino, propylpentylylamino, propylhexylamino, n-butylpentylamino, i-butylpentylamino, s-butylpentylamino, t-butylpentylamino, n-butylhexylamino, i-butylhexylamino, s-butylhexylamino, t-butylhexylamino, or pentylhexylamino), C.sub.2-6 alkenyl (e.g., ethenyl (C.sub.2), 1-propenyl (C.sub.3), 2-propenyl (C.sub.3), 1-butenyl (C.sub.4), 2-butenyl (C.sub.4), butadienyl (C.sub.4), pentenyl (C.sub.5), pentadienyl (C.sub.5), or hexenyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.2-6 alkynyl (e.g., ethynyl (C.sub.2), 1-propynyl (C.sub.3), 2-propynyl (C.sub.3), 1-butynyl (C.sub.4), 2-butynyl (C.sub.4), pentynyl (C.sub.5), or hexynyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl (e.g., cyclopropyl (C.sub.3), cyclopropenyl (C.sub.3), cyclobutyl (C.sub.4), cyclobutenyl (C.sub.4), cyclopentyl (C.sub.5), cyclopentenyl (C.sub.5), cyclohexyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexenyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexadienyl (C.sub.6), cycloheptyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptenyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptadienyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptatrienyl (C.sub.7), cyclooctyl (C.sub.8), cyclooctenyl (C.sub.8), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl (C.sub.7), bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl (C.sub.8), cyclononyl (C.sub.9), cyclononenyl (C.sub.9), cyclodecyl (C.sub.10), cyclodecenyl (C.sub.10), octahydro-1H-indenyl (C.sub.9), decahydronaphthalenyl (C.sub.10), or spiro[4.5]decanyl (C.sub.10)), 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one or two 3- to 8-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), C.sub.6-10 aryl (e.g., phenyl or naphthyl), 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl (e.g., heteroaryl comprising one or two 5- or 6-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0087] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.B is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0088] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.B is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6 aryl, or 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0089] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.B is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0090] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.B is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0091] In certain embodiments, two vicinal R.sup.B, together with atoms to which they are bonded, form C.sub.6 aryl or 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl (e.g., heteroaryl comprising one 5- or 6-membered ring and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), wherein the aryl or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.B1.

    [0092] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.B-1 is independently oxo, halogen (e.g., —F, —C.sub.1, —Br, or —I), —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl (e.g., methyl (C.sub.1), ethyl (C.sub.2), n-propyl (C.sub.3), i-propyl (C.sub.3), n-butyl (C.sub.4), i-butyl (C.sub.4), s-butyl (C.sub.4), t-butyl (C.sub.4), pentyl (C.sub.5), or hexyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.1-6 alkoxy (e.g., methoxy (C.sub.1), ethoxy (C.sub.2), propoxy (C.sub.3), i-propoxy (C.sub.3), n-butoxy (C.sub.4), i-butoxy (C.sub.4), s-butoxy (C.sub.4), t-butoxy (C.sub.4), pentoxy (C.sub.5), or hexoxy (C.sub.6)), C.sub.1-6 alkylamino (e.g., dimethylamino, diethylamino, di-n-propylamino, di-i-propylamino, di-n-butylamino, di-i-butylamino, di-s-butylamino, di-t-butylamino, dipentylamino, dihexylamino, methylethylamino, methyl-n-propylamino, methyl-1-propylamino, methyl-n-butylamino, methyl-1-butylamino, methyl-s-butylamino, methyl-t-butylamino, methylpentylamino, methylhexylamino, ethyl-n-propylamino, ethyl-1-propylamino, ethyl-n-butylamino, ethyl-s-butylamino, ethyl-1-butylamino, ethyl-t-butylamino, ethylpentylamino, ethylhexylamino, propyl-n-butylamino, propyl-1-butylamino, propyl-s-butylamino, propyl-t-butylamino, propylpentylylamino, propylhexylamino, n-butylpentylamino, i-butylpentylamino, s-butylpentylamino, t-butylpentylamino, n-butylhexylamino, i-butylhexylamino, s-butylhexylamino, t-butylhexylamino, or pentylhexylamino), C.sub.2-6 alkenyl (e.g., ethenyl (C.sub.2), 1-propenyl (C.sub.3), 2-propenyl (C.sub.3), 1-butenyl (C.sub.4), 2-butenyl (C.sub.4), butadienyl (C.sub.4), pentenyl (C.sub.5), pentadienyl (C.sub.5), or hexenyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.2-6 alkynyl (e.g., ethynyl (C.sub.2), 1-propynyl (C.sub.3), 2-propynyl (C.sub.3), 1-butynyl (C.sub.4), 2-butynyl (C.sub.4), pentynyl (C.sub.5), or hexynyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl (e.g., cyclopropyl (C.sub.3), cyclopropenyl (C.sub.3), cyclobutyl (C.sub.4), cyclobutenyl (C.sub.4), cyclopentyl (C.sub.5), cyclopentenyl (C.sub.5), cyclohexyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexenyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexadienyl (C.sub.6), cycloheptyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptenyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptadienyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptatrienyl (C.sub.7), cyclooctyl (C.sub.8), cyclooctenyl (C.sub.8), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl (C.sub.7), bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl (C.sub.8), cyclononyl (C.sub.9), cyclononenyl (C.sub.9), cyclodecyl (C.sub.10), cyclodecenyl (C.sub.10), octahydro-1H-indenyl (C.sub.9), decahydronaphthalenyl (C.sub.10), or spiro[4.5]decanyl (C.sub.10)), 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one or two 3- to 8-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), C.sub.6-10 aryl (e.g., phenyl or naphthyl), 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl (e.g., heteroaryl comprising one or two 5- or 6-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0093] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.B-1 is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0094] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.B-1 is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6 aryl, or 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0095] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.B-1 is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0096] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.B-1 is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0097] In certain embodiments, n is an integer selected from 0 to 6. In certain embodiments, n is 0. In certain embodiments, n is 1. In certain embodiments, n is 2. In certain embodiments, n is 3. In certain embodiments, n is 4. In certain embodiments, n is 5. In certain embodiments, n is 6.

    [0098] In certain embodiments, X is —CR.sup.X═CR.sup.X— or absent.

    [0099] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.X is independently hydrogen, halogen (e.g., —F, —Cl, —Br, or —I), or C.sub.1-6 alkyl (e.g., methyl (C.sub.1), ethyl (C.sub.2), n-propyl (C.sub.3), i-propyl (C.sub.3), n-butyl (C.sub.4), i-butyl (C.sub.4), s-butyl (C.sub.4), t-butyl (C.sub.4), pentyl (C.sub.5), or hexyl (C.sub.6)).

    [0100] In certain embodiments, R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl (e.g., methyl (C.sub.1), ethyl (C.sub.2), n-propyl (C.sub.3), i-propyl (C.sub.3), n-butyl (C.sub.4), i-butyl (C.sub.4), s-butyl (C.sub.4), t-butyl (C.sub.4), pentyl (C.sub.5), or hexyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.2-6 alkenyl (e.g., ethenyl (C.sub.2), 1-propenyl (C.sub.3), 2-propenyl (C.sub.3), 1-butenyl (C.sub.4), 2-butenyl (C.sub.4), butadienyl (C.sub.4), pentenyl (C.sub.5), pentadienyl (C.sub.5), or hexenyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.2-6 alkynyl (e.g., ethynyl (C.sub.2), 1-propynyl (C.sub.3), 2-propynyl (C.sub.3), 1-butynyl (C.sub.4), 2-butynyl (C.sub.4), pentynyl (C.sub.5), or hexynyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl (e.g., cyclopropyl (C.sub.3), cyclopropenyl (C.sub.3), cyclobutyl (C.sub.4), cyclobutenyl (C.sub.4), cyclopentyl (C.sub.5), cyclopentenyl (C.sub.5), cyclohexyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexenyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexadienyl (C.sub.6), cycloheptyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptenyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptadienyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptatrienyl (C.sub.7), cyclooctyl (C.sub.8), cyclooctenyl (C.sub.8), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl (C.sub.7), bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl (C.sub.8), cyclononyl (C.sub.9), cyclononenyl (C.sub.9), cyclodecyl (C.sub.10), cyclodecenyl (C.sub.10), octahydro-1H-indenyl (C.sub.9), decahydronaphthalenyl (C.sub.10), or spiro[4.5]decanyl (C.sub.10)), 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one or two 3- to 8-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), C.sub.6-10 aryl (e.g., phenyl or naphthyl), or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl (e.g., heteroaryl comprising one or two 5- or 6-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0101] In certain embodiments, R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0102] In certain embodiments, R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6 aryl, or 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0103] In certain embodiments, R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0104] In certain embodiments, R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0105] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4 is independently oxo, halogen (e.g., —F, —Cl, —Br, or —I), —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl (e.g., methyl (C.sub.1), ethyl (C.sub.2), n-propyl (C.sub.3), i-propyl (C.sub.3), n-butyl (C.sub.4), i-butyl (C.sub.4), s-butyl (C.sub.4), t-butyl (C.sub.4), pentyl (C.sub.5), or hexyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.1-6 alkoxy (e.g., methoxy (C.sub.1), ethoxy (C.sub.2), propoxy (C.sub.3), i-propoxy (C.sub.3), n-butoxy (C.sub.4), i-butoxy (C.sub.4), s-butoxy (C.sub.4), t-butoxy (C.sub.4), pentoxy (C.sub.5), or hexoxy (C.sub.6)), C.sub.1-6 alkylamino (e.g., dimethylamino, diethylamino, di-n-propylamino, di-i-propylamino, di-n-butylamino, di-i-butylamino, di-s-butylamino, di-t-butylamino, dipentylamino, dihexylamino, methylethylamino, methyl-n-propylamino, methyl-1-propylamino, methyl-n-butylamino, methyl-1-butylamino, methyl-s-butylamino, methyl-t-butylamino, methylpentylamino, methylhexylamino, ethyl-n-propylamino, ethyl-1-propylamino, ethyl-n-butylamino, ethyl-s-butylamino, ethyl-1-butylamino, ethyl-t-butylamino, ethylpentylamino, ethylhexylamino, propyl-n-butylamino, propyl-1-butylamino, propyl-s-butylamino, propyl-t-butylamino, propylpentylylamino, propylhexylamino, n-butylpentylamino, i-butylpentylamino, s-butylpentylamino, t-butylpentylamino, n-butylhexylamino, i-butylhexylamino, s-butylhexylamino, t-butylhexylamino, or pentylhexylamino), C.sub.2-6 alkenyl (e.g., ethenyl (C.sub.2), 1-propenyl (C.sub.3), 2-propenyl (C.sub.3), 1-butenyl (C.sub.4), 2-butenyl (C.sub.4), butadienyl (C.sub.4), pentenyl (C.sub.5), pentadienyl (C.sub.5), or hexenyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.2-6 alkynyl (e.g., ethynyl (C.sub.2), 1-propynyl (C.sub.3), 2-propynyl (C.sub.3), 1-butynyl (C.sub.4), 2-butynyl (C.sub.4), pentynyl (C.sub.5), or hexynyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl (e.g., cyclopropyl (C.sub.3), cyclopropenyl (C.sub.3), cyclobutyl (C.sub.4), cyclobutenyl (C.sub.4), cyclopentyl (C.sub.5), cyclopentenyl (C.sub.5), cyclohexyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexenyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexadienyl (C.sub.6), cycloheptyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptenyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptadienyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptatrienyl (C.sub.7), cyclooctyl (C.sub.8), cyclooctenyl (C.sub.8), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl (C.sub.7), bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl (C.sub.8), cyclononyl (C.sub.9), cyclononenyl (C.sub.9), cyclodecyl (C.sub.10), cyclodecenyl (C.sub.10), octahydro-1H-indenyl (C.sub.9), decahydronaphthalenyl (C.sub.10), or spiro[4.5]decanyl (C.sub.10)), 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one or two 3- to 8-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), C.sub.6-10 aryl (e.g., phenyl or naphthyl), 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl (e.g., heteroaryl comprising one or two 5- or 6-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.4a.

    [0106] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4 is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.4a.

    [0107] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4 is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6 aryl, or 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.4a.

    [0108] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4 is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.4a.

    [0109] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4 is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.4a.

    [0110] In certain embodiments, R.sup.4 and R.sup.B, together with the intervening atoms, form 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one or two 3- to 8-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S) optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.4b.

    [0111] In certain embodiments, two R.sup.4, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl (e.g., cyclopropyl (C.sub.3), cyclopropenyl (C.sub.3), cyclobutyl (C.sub.4), cyclobutenyl (C.sub.4), cyclopentyl (C.sub.5), cyclopentenyl (C.sub.5), cyclohexyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexenyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexadienyl (C.sub.6), cycloheptyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptenyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptadienyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptatrienyl (C.sub.7), cyclooctyl (C.sub.8), cyclooctenyl (C.sub.8), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl (C.sub.7), bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl (C.sub.8), cyclononyl (C.sub.9), cyclononenyl (C.sub.9), cyclodecyl (C.sub.10), cyclodecenyl (C.sub.10), octahydro-1H-indenyl (C.sub.9), decahydronaphthalenyl (C.sub.10), or spiro[4.5]decanyl (C.sub.10)), 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one or two 3- to 8-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), wherein the carbocyclyl or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0112] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4a is independently halogen (e.g., —F, —C.sub.1, —Br, or —I), —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl (e.g., methyl (C.sub.1), ethyl (C.sub.2), n-propyl (C.sub.3), i-propyl (C.sub.3), n-butyl (C.sub.4), i-butyl (C.sub.4), s-butyl (C.sub.4), t-butyl (C.sub.4), pentyl (C.sub.5), or hexyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.1-6 alkoxy (e.g., methoxy (C.sub.1), ethoxy (C.sub.2), propoxy (C.sub.3), i-propoxy (C.sub.3), n-butoxy (C.sub.4), i-butoxy (C.sub.4), s-butoxy (C.sub.4), t-butoxy (C.sub.4), pentoxy (C.sub.5), or hexoxy (C.sub.6)), C.sub.1-6 alkylamino (e.g., dimethylamino, diethylamino, di-n-propylamino, di-i-propylamino, di-n-butylamino, di-i-butylamino, di-s-butylamino, di-t-butylamino, dipentylamino, dihexylamino, methylethylamino, methyl-n-propylamino, methyl-1-propylamino, methyl-n-butylamino, methyl-1-butylamino, methyl-s-butylamino, methyl-t-butylamino, methylpentylamino, methylhexylamino, ethyl-n-propylamino, ethyl-1-propylamino, ethyl-n-butylamino, ethyl-s-butylamino, ethyl-1-butylamino, ethyl-t-butylamino, ethylpentylamino, ethylhexylamino, propyl-n-butylamino, propyl-1-butylamino, propyl-s-butylamino, propyl-t-butylamino, propylpentylylamino, propylhexylamino, n-butylpentylamino, i-butylpentylamino, s-butylpentylamino, t-butylpentylamino, n-butylhexylamino, i-butylhexylamino, s-butylhexylamino, t-butylhexylamino, or pentylhexylamino), C.sub.2-6 alkenyl (e.g., ethenyl (C.sub.2), 1-propenyl (C.sub.3), 2-propenyl (C.sub.3), 1-butenyl (C.sub.4), 2-butenyl (C.sub.4), butadienyl (C.sub.4), pentenyl (C.sub.5), pentadienyl (C.sub.5), or hexenyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.2-6 alkynyl (e.g., ethynyl (C.sub.2), 1-propynyl (C.sub.3), 2-propynyl (C.sub.3), 1-butynyl (C.sub.4), 2-butynyl (C.sub.4), pentynyl (C.sub.5), or hexynyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl (e.g., cyclopropyl (C.sub.3), cyclopropenyl (C.sub.3), cyclobutyl (C.sub.4), cyclobutenyl (C.sub.4), cyclopentyl (C.sub.5), cyclopentenyl (C.sub.5), cyclohexyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexenyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexadienyl (C.sub.6), cycloheptyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptenyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptadienyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptatrienyl (C.sub.7), cyclooctyl (C.sub.8), cyclooctenyl (C.sub.8), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl (C.sub.7), bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl (C.sub.8), cyclononyl (C.sub.9), cyclononenyl (C.sub.9), cyclodecyl (C.sub.10), cyclodecenyl (C.sub.10), octahydro-1H-indenyl (C.sub.9), decahydronaphthalenyl (C.sub.10), or spiro[4.5]decanyl (C.sub.10)), 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one or two 3- to 8-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), C.sub.6-10 aryl (e.g., phenyl or naphthyl), 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl (e.g., heteroaryl comprising one or two 5- or 6-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-10 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0113] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4a is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0114] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4a is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6 aryl, or 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0115] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4a is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0116] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4a is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0117] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4a is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-10 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl), —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —OR.sup.b, —C(═O)R.sup.a, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0118] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4b is independently oxo, halogen (e.g., —F, —Cl, —Br, or —I), —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl (e.g., methyl (C.sub.1), ethyl (C.sub.2), n-propyl (C.sub.3), i-propyl (C.sub.3), n-butyl (C.sub.4), i-butyl (C.sub.4), s-butyl (C.sub.4), t-butyl (C.sub.4), pentyl (C.sub.5), or hexyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.1-6 alkoxy (e.g., methoxy (C.sub.1), ethoxy (C.sub.2), propoxy (C.sub.3), i-propoxy (C.sub.3), n-butoxy (C.sub.4), i-butoxy (C.sub.4), s-butoxy (C.sub.4), t-butoxy (C.sub.4), pentoxy (C.sub.5), or hexoxy (C.sub.6)), C.sub.1-6 alkylamino (e.g., dimethylamino, diethylamino, di-n-propylamino, di-i-propylamino, di-n-butylamino, di-i-butylamino, di-s-butylamino, di-t-butylamino, dipentylamino, dihexylamino, methylethylamino, methyl-n-propylamino, methyl-1-propylamino, methyl-n-butylamino, methyl-1-butylamino, methyl-s-butylamino, methyl-t-butylamino, methylpentylamino, methylhexylamino, ethyl-n-propylamino, ethyl-1-propylamino, ethyl-n-butylamino, ethyl-s-butylamino, ethyl-1-butylamino, ethyl-t-butylamino, ethylpentylamino, ethylhexylamino, propyl-n-butylamino, propyl-1-butylamino, propyl-s-butylamino, propyl-t-butylamino, propylpentylylamino, propylhexylamino, n-butylpentylamino, i-butylpentylamino, s-butylpentylamino, t-butylpentylamino, n-butylhexylamino, i-butylhexylamino, s-butylhexylamino, t-butylhexylamino, or pentylhexylamino), C.sub.2-6 alkenyl (e.g., ethenyl (C.sub.2), 1-propenyl (C.sub.3), 2-propenyl (C.sub.3), 1-butenyl (C.sub.4), 2-butenyl (C.sub.4), butadienyl (C.sub.4), pentenyl (C.sub.5), pentadienyl (C.sub.5), or hexenyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.2-6 alkynyl (e.g., ethynyl (C.sub.2), 1-propynyl (C.sub.3), 2-propynyl (C.sub.3), 1-butynyl (C.sub.4), 2-butynyl (C.sub.4), pentynyl (C.sub.5), or hexynyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl (e.g., cyclopropyl (C.sub.3), cyclopropenyl (C.sub.3), cyclobutyl (C.sub.4), cyclobutenyl (C.sub.4), cyclopentyl (C.sub.5), cyclopentenyl (C.sub.5), cyclohexyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexenyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexadienyl (C.sub.6), cycloheptyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptenyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptadienyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptatrienyl (C.sub.7), cyclooctyl (C.sub.8), cyclooctenyl (C.sub.8), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl (C.sub.7), bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl (C.sub.8), cyclononyl (C.sub.9), cyclononenyl (C.sub.9), cyclodecyl (C.sub.10), cyclodecenyl (C.sub.10), octahydro-1H-indenyl (C.sub.9), decahydronaphthalenyl (C.sub.10), or spiro[4.5]decanyl (C.sub.10)), 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one or two 3- to 8-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), C.sub.6-10 aryl (e.g., phenyl or naphthyl), 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl (e.g., heteroaryl comprising one or two 5- or 6-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0119] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4b is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0120] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4b is independently oox, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6 aryl, or 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0121] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4b is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0122] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4b is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0123] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4b is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, or —C(═O)R.sup.a, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl, is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0124] In certain embodiments, r is an integer from 0 to 10, as valency permits. In certain embodiments, r is 0. In certain embodiments, r is 1. In certain embodiments, r is 2. In certain embodiments, r is 3. In certain embodiments, r is 4. In certain embodiments, r is 5. In certain embodiments, r is 6. In certain embodiments, r is 7. In certain embodiments, r is 8. In certain embodiments, r is 9. In certain embodiments, r is 10.

    [0125] In certain embodiments,

    ##STR00012##

    is

    ##STR00013##

    [0126] In certain embodiments, R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl (e.g., methyl (C.sub.1), ethyl (C.sub.2), n-propyl (C.sub.3), i-propyl (C.sub.3), n-butyl (C.sub.4), i-butyl (C.sub.4), s-butyl (C.sub.4), t-butyl (C.sub.4), pentyl (C.sub.5), or hexyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.2-6 alkenyl (e.g., ethenyl (C.sub.2), 1-propenyl (C.sub.3), 2-propenyl (C.sub.3), 1-butenyl (C.sub.4), 2-butenyl (C.sub.4), butadienyl (C.sub.4), pentenyl (C.sub.5), pentadienyl (C.sub.5), or hexenyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.2-6 alkynyl (e.g., ethynyl (C.sub.2), 1-propynyl (C.sub.3), 2-propynyl (C.sub.3), 1-butynyl (C.sub.4), 2-butynyl (C.sub.4), pentynyl (C.sub.5), or hexynyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl (e.g., cyclopropyl (C.sub.3), cyclopropenyl (C.sub.3), cyclobutyl (C.sub.4), cyclobutenyl (C.sub.4), cyclopentyl (C.sub.5), cyclopentenyl (C.sub.5), cyclohexyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexenyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexadienyl (C.sub.6), cycloheptyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptenyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptadienyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptatrienyl (C.sub.7), cyclooctyl (C.sub.8), cyclooctenyl (C.sub.8), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl (C.sub.7), bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl (C.sub.8), cyclononyl (C.sub.9), cyclononenyl (C.sub.9), cyclodecyl (C.sub.10), cyclodecenyl (C.sub.10), octahydro-1H-indenyl (C.sub.9), decahydronaphthalenyl (C.sub.10), or spiro[4.5]decanyl (C.sub.10)), 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one or two 3- to 8-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), C.sub.6-10 aryl (e.g., phenyl or naphthyl), 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl (e.g., heteroaryl comprising one or two 5- or 6-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-10 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl), or —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl), wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.5c.

    [0127] In certain embodiments, R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.5c.

    [0128] In certain embodiments, R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6 aryl, or 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.5c.

    [0129] In certain embodiments, R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.5c.

    [0130] In certain embodiments, R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.5c.

    [0131] In certain embodiments, R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-10 aryl), wherein the alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.5c.

    [0132] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5c is independently halogen (e.g., —F, —Cl, —Br, or —I), —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl (e.g., methyl (C.sub.1), ethyl (C.sub.2), n-propyl (C.sub.3), i-propyl (C.sub.3), n-butyl (C.sub.4), i-butyl (C.sub.4), s-butyl (C.sub.4), t-butyl (C.sub.4), pentyl (C.sub.5), or hexyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.1-6 alkoxy (e.g., methoxy (C.sub.1), ethoxy (C.sub.2), propoxy (C.sub.3), i-propoxy (C.sub.3), n-butoxy (C.sub.4), i-butoxy (C.sub.4), s-butoxy (C.sub.4), t-butoxy (C.sub.4), pentoxy (C.sub.5), or hexoxy (C.sub.6)), C.sub.1-6 alkylamino (e.g., dimethylamino, diethylamino, di-n-propylamino, di-i-propylamino, di-n-butylamino, di-i-butylamino, di-s-butylamino, di-t-butylamino, dipentylamino, dihexylamino, methylethylamino, methyl-n-propylamino, methyl-1-propylamino, methyl-n-butylamino, methyl-1-butylamino, methyl-s-butylamino, methyl-t-butylamino, methylpentylamino, methylhexylamino, ethyl-n-propylamino, ethyl-1-propylamino, ethyl-n-butylamino, ethyl-s-butylamino, ethyl-1-butylamino, ethyl-t-butylamino, ethylpentylamino, ethylhexylamino, propyl-n-butylamino, propyl-1-butylamino, propyl-s-butylamino, propyl-t-butylamino, propylpentylylamino, propylhexylamino, n-butylpentylamino, i-butylpentylamino, s-butylpentylamino, t-butylpentylamino, n-butylhexylamino, i-butylhexylamino, s-butylhexylamino, t-butylhexylamino, or pentylhexylamino), C.sub.2-6 alkenyl (e.g., ethenyl (C.sub.2), 1-propenyl (C.sub.3), 2-propenyl (C.sub.3), 1-butenyl (C.sub.4), 2-butenyl (C.sub.4), butadienyl (C.sub.4), pentenyl (C.sub.5), pentadienyl (C.sub.5), or hexenyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.2-6 alkynyl (e.g., ethynyl (C.sub.2), 1-propynyl (C.sub.3), 2-propynyl (C.sub.3), 1-butynyl (C.sub.4), 2-butynyl (C.sub.4), pentynyl (C.sub.5), or hexynyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl (e.g., cyclopropyl (C.sub.3), cyclopropenyl (C.sub.3), cyclobutyl (C.sub.4), cyclobutenyl (C.sub.4), cyclopentyl (C.sub.5), cyclopentenyl (C.sub.5), cyclohexyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexenyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexadienyl (C.sub.6), cycloheptyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptenyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptadienyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptatrienyl (C.sub.7), cyclooctyl (C.sub.8), cyclooctenyl (C.sub.8), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl (C.sub.7), bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl (C.sub.8), cyclononyl (C.sub.9), cyclononenyl (C.sub.9), cyclodecyl (C.sub.10), cyclodecenyl (C.sub.10), octahydro-1H-indenyl (C.sub.9), decahydronaphthalenyl (C.sub.10), or spiro[4.5]decanyl (C.sub.10)), 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one or two 3- to 8-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), C.sub.6-10 aryl (e.g., phenyl or naphthyl), 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl (e.g., heteroaryl comprising one or two 5- or 6-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl), or —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0133] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5c is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0134] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5c is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6 aryl, or 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0135] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5c is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0136] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5, is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0137] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5c is independently halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0138] In certain embodiments, Ring D is 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one or two 3- to 8-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S).

    [0139] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5d is independently oxo, halogen (e.g., —F, —Cl, —Br, or —I), —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl (e.g., methyl (C.sub.1), ethyl (C.sub.2), n-propyl (C.sub.3), i-propyl (C.sub.3), n-butyl (C.sub.4), i-butyl (C.sub.4), s-butyl (C.sub.4), t-butyl (C.sub.4), pentyl (C.sub.5), or hexyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.1-6 alkoxy (e.g., methoxy (C.sub.1), ethoxy (C.sub.2), propoxy (C.sub.3), i-propoxy (C.sub.3), n-butoxy (C.sub.4), i-butoxy (C.sub.4), s-butoxy (C.sub.4), t-butoxy (C.sub.4), pentoxy (C.sub.5), or hexoxy (C.sub.6)), C.sub.1-6 alkylamino (e.g., dimethylamino, diethylamino, di-n-propylamino, di-i-propylamino, di-n-butylamino, di-i-butylamino, di-s-butylamino, di-t-butylamino, dipentylamino, dihexylamino, methylethylamino, methyl-n-propylamino, methyl-1-propylamino, methyl-n-butylamino, methyl-1-butylamino, methyl-s-butylamino, methyl-t-butylamino, methylpentylamino, methylhexylamino, ethyl-n-propylamino, ethyl-1-propylamino, ethyl-n-butylamino, ethyl-s-butylamino, ethyl-1-butylamino, ethyl-t-butylamino, ethylpentylamino, ethylhexylamino, propyl-n-butylamino, propyl-1-butylamino, propyl-s-butylamino, propyl-t-butylamino, propylpentylylamino, propylhexylamino, n-butylpentylamino, i-butylpentylamino, s-butylpentylamino, t-butylpentylamino, n-butylhexylamino, i-butylhexylamino, s-butylhexylamino, t-butylhexylamino, or pentylhexylamino), C.sub.2-6 alkenyl (e.g., ethenyl (C.sub.2), 1-propenyl (C.sub.3), 2-propenyl (C.sub.3), 1-butenyl (C.sub.4), 2-butenyl (C.sub.4), butadienyl (C.sub.4), pentenyl (C.sub.5), pentadienyl (C.sub.5), or hexenyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.2-6 alkynyl (e.g., ethynyl (C.sub.2), 1-propynyl (C.sub.3), 2-propynyl (C.sub.3), 1-butynyl (C.sub.4), 2-butynyl (C.sub.4), pentynyl (C.sub.5), or hexynyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl (e.g., cyclopropyl (C.sub.3), cyclopropenyl (C.sub.3), cyclobutyl (C.sub.4), cyclobutenyl (C.sub.4), cyclopentyl (C.sub.5), cyclopentenyl (C.sub.5), cyclohexyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexenyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexadienyl (C.sub.6), cycloheptyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptenyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptadienyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptatrienyl (C.sub.7), cyclooctyl (C.sub.8), cyclooctenyl (C.sub.8), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl (C.sub.7), bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl (C.sub.8), cyclononyl (C.sub.9), cyclononenyl (C.sub.9), cyclodecyl (C.sub.10), cyclodecenyl (C.sub.10), octahydro-1H-indenyl (C.sub.9), decahydronaphthalenyl (C.sub.10), or spiro[4.5]decanyl (C.sub.10)), 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one or two 3- to 8-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), C.sub.6-10 aryl (e.g., phenyl or naphthyl), 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl (e.g., heteroaryl comprising one or two 5- or 6-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0140] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5d is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0141] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5d is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6 aryl, or 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0142] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5d is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0143] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5d is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0144] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5d is independently oxo, halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.6_o aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OR.sup.b, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, carbocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0145] In certain embodiments, p is an integer selected from 0 to 6. In certain embodiments, p is 0. In certain embodiments, p is 1. In certain embodiments, p is 2. In certain embodiments, p is 3. In certain embodiments, p is 4. In certain embodiments, p is 5. In certain embodiments, p is 6.

    [0146] In certain embodiments, Ring E is C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl (e.g., cyclopropyl (C.sub.3), cyclopropenyl (C.sub.3), cyclobutyl (C.sub.4), cyclobutenyl (C.sub.4), cyclopentyl (C.sub.5), cyclopentenyl (C.sub.5), cyclohexyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexenyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexadienyl (C.sub.6), cycloheptyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptenyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptadienyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptatrienyl (C.sub.7), cyclooctyl (C.sub.8), cyclooctenyl (C.sub.8), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl (C.sub.7), bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl (C.sub.8), cyclononyl (C.sub.9), cyclononenyl (C.sub.9), cyclodecyl (C.sub.10), cyclodecenyl (C.sub.10), octahydro-1H-indenyl (C.sub.9), decahydronaphthalenyl (C.sub.10), or spiro[4.5]decanyl (C.sub.10)), 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one or two 3- to 8-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), C.sub.6-10 aryl (e.g., phenyl or naphthyl), 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl (e.g., heteroaryl comprising one or two 5- or 6-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S).

    [0147] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5e is independently oxo, halogen (e.g., —F, —Cl, —Br, or —I), —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl (e.g., methyl (C.sub.1), ethyl (C.sub.2), n-propyl (C.sub.3), i-propyl (C.sub.3), n-butyl (C.sub.4), i-butyl (C.sub.4), s-butyl (C.sub.4), t-butyl (C.sub.4), pentyl (C.sub.5), or hexyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.1-6 alkoxy (e.g., methoxy (C.sub.1), ethoxy (C.sub.2), propoxy (C.sub.3), i-propoxy (C.sub.3), n-butoxy (C.sub.4), i-butoxy (C.sub.4), s-butoxy (C.sub.4), t-butoxy (C.sub.4), pentoxy (C.sub.5), or hexoxy (C.sub.6)), C.sub.1-6 alkylamino (e.g., dimethylamino, diethylamino, di-n-propylamino, di-i-propylamino, di-n-butylamino, di-i-butylamino, di-s-butylamino, di-t-butylamino, dipentylamino, dihexylamino, methylethylamino, methyl-n-propylamino, methyl-1-propylamino, methyl-n-butylamino, methyl-1-butylamino, methyl-s-butylamino, methyl-t-butylamino, methylpentylamino, methylhexylamino, ethyl-n-propylamino, ethyl-1-propylamino, ethyl-n-butylamino, ethyl-s-butylamino, ethyl-1-butylamino, ethyl-t-butylamino, ethylpentylamino, ethylhexylamino, propyl-n-butylamino, propyl-1-butylamino, propyl-s-butylamino, propyl-t-butylamino, propylpentylylamino, propylhexylamino, n-butylpentylamino, i-butylpentylamino, s-butylpentylamino, t-butylpentylamino, n-butylhexylamino, i-butylhexylamino, s-butylhexylamino, t-butylhexylamino, or pentylhexylamino), C.sub.2-6 alkenyl (e.g., ethenyl (C.sub.2), 1-propenyl (C.sub.3), 2-propenyl (C.sub.3), 1-butenyl (C.sub.4), 2-butenyl (C.sub.4), butadienyl (C.sub.4), pentenyl (C.sub.5), pentadienyl (C.sub.5), or hexenyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.2-6 alkynyl (e.g., ethynyl (C.sub.2), 1-propynyl (C.sub.3), 2-propynyl (C.sub.3), 1-butynyl (C.sub.4), 2-butynyl (C.sub.4), pentynyl (C.sub.5), or hexynyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl (e.g., cyclopropyl (C.sub.3), cyclopropenyl (C.sub.3), cyclobutyl (C.sub.4), cyclobutenyl (C.sub.4), cyclopentyl (C.sub.5), cyclopentenyl (C.sub.5), cyclohexyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexenyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexadienyl (C.sub.6), cycloheptyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptenyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptadienyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptatrienyl (C.sub.7), cyclooctyl (C.sub.8), cyclooctenyl (C.sub.8), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl (C.sub.7), bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl (C.sub.8), cyclononyl (C.sub.9), cyclononenyl (C.sub.9), cyclodecyl (C.sub.10), cyclodecenyl (C.sub.10), octahydro-1H-indenyl (C.sub.9), decahydronaphthalenyl (C.sub.10), or spiro[4.5]decanyl (C.sub.10)), 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one or two 3- to 8-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), C.sub.6-10 aryl (e.g., phenyl or naphthyl), 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl (e.g., heteroaryl comprising one or two 5- or 6-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0148] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5e is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0149] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5e is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6 aryl, or 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0150] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5e is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0151] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5e is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0152] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5e is independently halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0153] In certain embodiments, q is an integer selected from 0 to 6. In certain embodiments, q is 0. In certain embodiments, q is 1. In certain embodiments, q is 2. In certain embodiments, q is 3. In certain embodiments, q is 4. In certain embodiments, q is 5. In certain embodiments, q is 6.

    [0154] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides compounds of Formula I:

    ##STR00014## [0155] and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or stereoisomers thereof, wherein: [0156] R.sup.1a is hydrogen or C.sub.1-6 alkyl; [0157] R.sup.1b is hydrogen or C.sub.1-6 alkyl; [0158] each R.sup.2 is independently hydrogen or halogen; or [0159] two R.sup.2, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form a C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl or 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; [0160] Ring A is C.sub.6-14 aryl or 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl; [0161] Ring B is 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; [0162] each R.sup.A is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; [0163] each R.sup.B is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.B-1; [0164] each R.sup.B-1 is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; [0165] m and n independently are integers selected from 0 to 6; [0166] X is —CR.sup.X═CR.sup.X— or absent; [0167] each R.sup.X is independently hydrogen, halogen, or C.sub.1-6 alkyl; [0168] R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; [0169] each R.sup.4 independently is hydrogen, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-14 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 14-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.4a; or [0170] R.sup.4 and R.sup.B, together with the intervening atoms, form a 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.4b; or two R.sup.4, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl or 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; [0171] each R.sup.4a is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-14 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 14-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; [0172] each R.sup.4b is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u;

    ##STR00015##

    is

    ##STR00016## [0173] R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-14 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 14-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl), or —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl), wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.5c; [0174] each R.sup.5c is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 14-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl), or —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; [0175] Ring D is 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl; [0176] Ring E is C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; [0177] each R.sup.5d and R.sup.5e is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; and [0178] p and q independently are integers selected from 0 to 6; [0179] wherein: [0180] each R.sup.u is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-14 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 14-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more oxo, halogen, —CN, —OH, —O(C.sub.1-6 alkyl), —O(C═O)(C.sub.1-6 alkyl), —NH.sub.2, —NH(C.sub.1-6 alkyl), —N(C.sub.1-6 alkyl).sub.2, —NH(C═O)(C.sub.1-6 alkyl), —N(C═O)(C.sub.1-6 alkyl).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, —C(═O)(C.sub.1-6 alkyl), —C(═O)OH, —C(═O)O(C.sub.1-6 alkyl), —C(═O)NH.sub.2, —C(═O)NH(C.sub.1-6 alkyl), or —C(═O)N(C.sub.1-6 alkyl).sub.2; or [0181] two R.sup.u, together with the one or more intervening atoms, form a C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl or 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; [0182] each R.sup.a is independently C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; [0183] each R.sup.b is independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; and [0184] each R.sup.c and R.sup.d is independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; or [0185] R.sup.c and R.sup.d, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, [0186] wherein each of R.sup.a, R.sup.b, R.sup.c, and R.sup.d is independently and optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.z; and [0187] each R.sup.z is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl.

    [0188] In certain embodiments, when one of R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b is hydrogen, then the other one of R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b is not:

    ##STR00017##

    wherein:

    Y is —O—, —NH—, or —CH.SUB.2.—; and

    [0189] R.sup.1′ is H or benzyl.

    [0190] In certain embodiments, R.sup.1a and R.sup.1b are both hydrogen. In certain embodiments, Ria and R.sup.1b are both C.sub.1-6 alkyl. In certain embodiments, one of R.sup.1a and R.sup.1b is hydrogen, and the other one of R.sup.1a and R.sup.1b is C.sub.1-6 alkyl.

    [0191] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.2 is independently halogen. In certain embodiments, each R.sup.2 is fluoride. In certain embodiments, each R.sup.2 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, one R.sup.2 is halogen, and the other R.sup.2 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, one R.sup.2 is fluoride, and the other R.sup.2 is hydrogen.

    [0192] In certain embodiments, Ring A is C.sub.6-14 aryl. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 10-membered heteroaryl. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 9-membered heteroaryl. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 8-membered heteroaryl. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 7-membered heteroaryl. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 5-membered heteroaryl. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 6-membered heteroaryl.

    [0193] In certain embodiments, Ring A is

    ##STR00018##

    [0194] In certain embodiments, the compound is a compound of Formula I-a or I-b:

    ##STR00019##

    or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof.

    [0195] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.A is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0196] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.A is independently —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d.

    [0197] In certain embodiments, m is 0. In certain embodiments, m is 1. In certain embodiments, m is 2. In certain embodiments, m is 3. In certain embodiments, m is 4. In certain embodiments, m is 5. In certain embodiments, m is 6. In certain preferred embodiments, m is 0.

    [0198] In certain embodiments, X is —CR.sup.X═CR.sup.X—. In certain embodiments, X is absent.

    [0199] In certain embodiments, R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl. In certain embodiments, R.sup.3 is hydrogen or C.sub.1-6 alkyl. In certain embodiments, R.sup.3 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, R.sup.3 is C.sub.1-6 alkyl.

    [0200] In certain embodiments, Ring B is 5- to 8-membered heterocyclyl. In certain embodiments, Ring B is 5-membered heterocyclyl. In certain embodiments, Ring B is 6-membered heterocyclyl.

    [0201] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.B is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl.

    [0202] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.B is independently —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d.

    [0203] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.B is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.B-1.

    [0204] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.B is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OR.sup.b, —C(═O)R.sup.a, or —C(═O)OR.sup.b, wherein the heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.B-1.

    [0205] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.B-1 is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0206] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.B-1 is independently C.sub.1-6 alkyl, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0207] In certain embodiments, n is 0. In certain embodiments, n is 1. In certain embodiments, n is 2. In certain embodiments, n is 3. In certain embodiments, n is 4. In certain embodiments, n is 5. In certain embodiments, n is 6. In certain preferred embodiments, n is 0.

    [0208] In certain embodiments, the compound is a compound of Formula I-a-i to I-b-iii

    ##STR00020##

    or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof.

    [0209] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4 is independently hydrogen, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-14 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 14-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.4a.

    [0210] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4 is independently hydrogen, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-14 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 14-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl), or —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl), wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.4a.

    [0211] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4 is independently C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-14 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 14-membered heteroaryl), or —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl), wherein the alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, or aryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.4a.

    [0212] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4a is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-14 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 14-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0213] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4a is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-14 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 14-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl), —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —OR.sup.b, —C(═O)R.sup.a, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0214] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4a is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-14 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl), —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —OR.sup.b, —C(═O)R.sup.a, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0215] In certain embodiments, one R.sup.4 and one R.sup.B, together with the intervening atoms, form a 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.4b.

    [0216] In certain embodiments, the compound is a compound of Formula I-a-i-1 or I-b-i-1

    ##STR00021##

    or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof,
    wherein r is an integer from 0 to 10, as valency permits.

    [0217] In certain embodiments, the compound is a compound of Formula I-a-i-3 or I-b-i-4

    ##STR00022##

    or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof,
    wherein r is an integer from 0 to 10, as valency permits.

    [0218] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4b is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0219] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.4b is independently —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d.

    [0220] In certain embodiments, at least one R.sup.4b is acetyl.

    [0221] In certain embodiments, two R.sup.4, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl or 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl. In certain embodiments, two R.sup.4, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl. In certain embodiments, two R.sup.4, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl.

    [0222] In certain embodiments,

    ##STR00023##

    is

    ##STR00024##

    [0223] In certain embodiments, R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-14 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 14-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl), or —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl), wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.5c.

    [0224] In certain embodiments, R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, or —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-14 aryl), wherein the alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.5c. In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5, is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 14-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl), or —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0225] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5, is independently halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 14-membered heteroaryl), —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.CR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0226] In certain embodiments, one of R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b is hydrogen, and the other one of R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b is 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl substituted with C.sub.6-14 aryl, wherein the aryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0227] In certain embodiments,

    ##STR00025##

    is

    ##STR00026##

    [0228] In certain embodiments,

    ##STR00027##

    is

    ##STR00028##

    [0229] In certain embodiments, Ring D is 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl. In certain embodiments, Ring D is 5- or 6-membered heterocyclyl. In certain embodiments, Ring D is 5-membered heterocyclyl. In certain embodiments, Ring D is 6-membered heterocyclyl.

    [0230] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5d is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0231] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5d is independently oxo, halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OR.sup.b, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, or aryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0232] In certain embodiments, Ring E is C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, or C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl.

    [0233] In certain embodiments, Ring E is C.sub.6-14 aryl or C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl.

    [0234] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5e is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0235] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.5e is independently halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0236] In certain embodiments, p is 0. In certain embodiments, p is 1. In certain embodiments, p is 2. In certain embodiments, p is 3. In certain embodiments, p is 4. In certain embodiments, p is 5. In certain embodiments, p is 6.

    [0237] In certain embodiments, q is 0. In certain embodiments, q is 1. In certain embodiments, q is 2. In certain embodiments, q is 3. In certain embodiments, q is 4. In certain embodiments, q is 5. In certain embodiments, q is 6.

    [0238] In certain embodiments, the compound is a compound of Formula (II):

    ##STR00029##

    or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof, wherein: Ring A is

    ##STR00030## [0239] Ring B is 5- or 6-membered heterocyclyl; [0240] each R.sup.4 independently is C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-14 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 14-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl), wherein the alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, or aryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.4a; or, R.sup.4 and R.sup.B, together the intervening atoms, form a 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.4b; or [0241] two R.sup.4, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl or 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; [0242] each R.sup.4a is independently halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —B(OH).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-14 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl), —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —OR.sup.b, —C(═O)R.sup.a, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; [0243] R.sup.4b is —C(═O)R.sup.a;

    ##STR00031##

    is

    ##STR00032## [0244] R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-14 aryl), wherein the alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.5c; [0245] each R.sup.5c is independently halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 14-membered heteroaryl), —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; [0246] Ring D is 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl; [0247] Ring E is C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; [0248] each R.sup.5d is independently oxo, halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6haloalkyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OR.sup.b, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; [0249] each R.sup.5e is independently halogen, —C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, or 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u; and [0250] p and q independently are integers selected from 0 to 6; [0251] wherein: [0252] each R.sup.u is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-6 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.6-14 aryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(5- to 14-membered heteroaryl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl), —(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-(3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.CR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, wherein the alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more oxo, halogen, —CN, —OH, —O(C.sub.1-6 alkyl), —O(C═O)(C.sub.1-6 alkyl), —NH.sub.2, —NH(C.sub.1-6 alkyl), —N(C.sub.1-6 alkyl).sub.2, —NH(C═O)(C.sub.1-6 alkyl), —N(C═O)(C.sub.1-6 alkyl).sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6haloalkyl, —C(═O)(C.sub.1-6 alkyl), —C(═O)OH, —C(═O)O(C.sub.1-6 alkyl), —C(═O)NH.sub.2, —C(═O)NH(C.sub.1-6 alkyl), or —C(═O)N(C.sub.1-6 alkyl).sub.2; or [0253] two R.sup.u, together with the one or more intervening atoms, form a C.sub.6-14 aryl, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl or 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; [0254] each R.sup.a is independently C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; [0255] each R.sup.b is independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; and [0256] each R.sup.c and R.sup.d is independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; or [0257] R.sup.c and R.sup.d, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, [0258] wherein each of R.sup.a, R.sup.b, R.sup.c, and R.sup.d is independently and optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.z; and [0259] each R.sup.z is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl.

    [0260] In certain embodiments, when one of R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b is hydrogen, then the other one of R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b is not:

    ##STR00033##

    wherein:

    Y is —O—, —NH—, or —CH.SUB.2.—; and

    [0261] R.sup.1′ is H or benzyl.

    [0262] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.a is independently C.sub.1-6 alkyl (e.g., methyl (C.sub.1), ethyl (C.sub.2), n-propyl (C.sub.3), i-propyl (C.sub.3), n-butyl (C.sub.4), i-butyl (C.sub.4), s-butyl (C.sub.4), t-butyl (C.sub.4), pentyl (C.sub.5), or hexyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.2-6 alkenyl (e.g., ethenyl (C.sub.2), 1-propenyl (C.sub.3), 2-propenyl (C.sub.3), 1-butenyl (C.sub.4), 2-butenyl (C.sub.4), butadienyl (C.sub.4), pentenyl (C.sub.5), pentadienyl (C.sub.5), or hexenyl (C.sub.6), C.sub.2-6 alkynyl (e.g., ethynyl (C.sub.2), 1-propynyl (C.sub.3), 2-propynyl (C.sub.3), 1-butynyl (C.sub.4), 2-butynyl (C.sub.4), pentynyl (C.sub.5), or hexynyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl (e.g., cyclopropyl (C.sub.3), cyclopropenyl (C.sub.3), cyclobutyl (C.sub.4), cyclobutenyl (C.sub.4), cyclopentyl (C.sub.5), cyclopentenyl (C.sub.5), cyclohexyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexenyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexadienyl (C.sub.6), cycloheptyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptenyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptadienyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptatrienyl (C.sub.7), cyclooctyl (C.sub.8), cyclooctenyl (C.sub.8), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl (C.sub.7), bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl (C.sub.8), cyclononyl (C.sub.9), cyclononenyl (C.sub.9), cyclodecyl (C.sub.10), cyclodecenyl (C.sub.10), octahydro-1H-indenyl (C.sub.9), decahydronaphthalenyl (C.sub.10), or spiro[4.5]decanyl (C.sub.10)), 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one or two 3- to 8-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), C.sub.6-10 aryl (e.g., phenyl or naphthyl), or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl (e.g., heteroaryl comprising one or two 5- or 6-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0263] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.a is independently C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6 aryl, or 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl.

    [0264] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.a is independently C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl.

    [0265] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.a is independently C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0266] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.b is independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl (e.g., methyl (C.sub.1), ethyl (C.sub.2), n-propyl (C.sub.3), i-propyl (C.sub.3), n-butyl (C.sub.4), i-butyl (C.sub.4), s-butyl (C.sub.4), t-butyl (C.sub.4), pentyl (C.sub.5), or hexyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.2-6 alkenyl (e.g., ethenyl (C.sub.2), 1-propenyl (C.sub.3), 2-propenyl (C.sub.3), 1-butenyl (C.sub.4), 2-butenyl (C.sub.4), butadienyl (C.sub.4), pentenyl (C.sub.5), pentadienyl (C.sub.5), or hexenyl (C.sub.6), C.sub.2-6 alkynyl (e.g., ethynyl (C.sub.2), 1-propynyl (C.sub.3), 2-propynyl (C.sub.3), 1-butynyl (C.sub.4), 2-butynyl (C.sub.4), pentynyl (C.sub.5), or hexynyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl (e.g., cyclopropyl (C.sub.3), cyclopropenyl (C.sub.3), cyclobutyl (C.sub.4), cyclobutenyl (C.sub.4), cyclopentyl (C.sub.5), cyclopentenyl (C.sub.5), cyclohexyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexenyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexadienyl (C.sub.6), cycloheptyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptenyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptadienyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptatrienyl (C.sub.7), cyclooctyl (C.sub.8), cyclooctenyl (C.sub.8), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl (C.sub.7), bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl (C.sub.8), cyclononyl (C.sub.9), cyclononenyl (C.sub.9), cyclodecyl (C.sub.10), cyclodecenyl (C.sub.10), octahydro-1H-indenyl (C.sub.9), decahydronaphthalenyl (C.sub.10), or spiro[4.5]decanyl (C.sub.10)), 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one or two 3- to 8-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), C.sub.6-10 aryl (e.g., phenyl or naphthyl), or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl (e.g., heteroaryl comprising one or two 5- or 6-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0267] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.b is independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6 aryl, or 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl.

    [0268] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.b is independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl.

    [0269] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.b is independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, or C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, wherein the alkyl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0270] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.c and each R.sup.d is independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl (e.g., methyl (C.sub.1), ethyl (C.sub.2), n-propyl (C.sub.3), i-propyl (C.sub.3), n-butyl (C.sub.4), i-butyl (C.sub.4), s-butyl (C.sub.4), t-butyl (C.sub.4), pentyl (C.sub.5), or hexyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.2-6 alkenyl (e.g., ethenyl (C.sub.2), 1-propenyl (C.sub.3), 2-propenyl (C.sub.3), 1-butenyl (C.sub.4), 2-butenyl (C.sub.4), butadienyl (C.sub.4), pentenyl (C.sub.5), pentadienyl (C.sub.5), or hexenyl (C.sub.6), C.sub.2-6 alkynyl (e.g., ethynyl (C.sub.2), 1-propynyl (C.sub.3), 2-propynyl (C.sub.3), 1-butynyl (C.sub.4), 2-butynyl (C.sub.4), pentynyl (C.sub.5), or hexynyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl (e.g., cyclopropyl (C.sub.3), cyclopropenyl (C.sub.3), cyclobutyl (C.sub.4), cyclobutenyl (C.sub.4), cyclopentyl (C.sub.5), cyclopentenyl (C.sub.5), cyclohexyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexenyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexadienyl (C.sub.6), cycloheptyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptenyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptadienyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptatrienyl (C.sub.7), cyclooctyl (C.sub.8), cyclooctenyl (C.sub.8), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl (C.sub.7), bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl (C.sub.8), cyclononyl (C.sub.9), cyclononenyl (C.sub.9), cyclodecyl (C.sub.10), cyclodecenyl (C.sub.10), octahydro-1H-indenyl (C.sub.9), decahydronaphthalenyl (C.sub.10), or spiro[4.5]decanyl (C.sub.10)), 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one or two 3- to 8-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), C.sub.6-10 aryl (e.g., phenyl or naphthyl), or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl (e.g., heteroaryl comprising one or two 5- or 6-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0271] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.c and each R.sup.d is independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, carbocyclyl, or heterocyclylis optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.u.

    [0272] In certain embodiments, R.sup.c and R.sup.d, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one or two 3- to 8-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), wherein the heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.z.

    [0273] In certain embodiments, R.sup.a, R.sup.b, R.sup.c, and R.sup.d is independently and optionally substituted with one or more R.sup.z.

    [0274] In certain embodiments, R.sup.z is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl.

    [0275] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.u is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl (e.g., methyl (C.sub.1), ethyl (C.sub.2), n-propyl (C.sub.3), i-propyl (C.sub.3), n-butyl (C.sub.4), i-butyl (C.sub.4), s-butyl (C.sub.4), t-butyl (C.sub.4), pentyl (C.sub.5), or hexyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.1-6 alkoxy (e.g., methoxy (C.sub.1), ethoxy (C.sub.2), propoxy (C.sub.3), i-propoxy (C.sub.3), n-butoxy (C.sub.4), i-butoxy (C.sub.4), s-butoxy (C.sub.4), t-butoxy (C.sub.4), pentoxy (C.sub.5), or hexoxy (C.sub.6)), C.sub.1-6 alkylamino (e.g., dimethylamino, diethylamino, di-n-propylamino, di-i-propylamino, di-n-butylamino, di-i-butylamino, di-s-butylamino, di-t-butylamino, dipentylamino, dihexylamino, methylethylamino, methyl-n-propylamino, methyl-i-propylamino, methyl-n-butylamino, methyl-1-butylamino, methyl-s-butylamino, methyl-t-butylamino, methylpentylamino, methylhexylamino, ethyl-n-propylamino, ethyl-1-propylamino, ethyl-n-butylamino, ethyl-s-butylamino, ethyl-1-butylamino, ethyl-t-butylamino, ethylpentylamino, ethylhexylamino, propyl-n-butylamino, propyl-1-butylamino, propyl-s-butylamino, propyl-t-butylamino, propylpentylylamino, propylhexylamino, n-butylpentylamino, i-butylpentylamino, s-butylpentylamino, t-butylpentylamino, n-butylhexylamino, i-butylhexylamino, s-butylhexylamino, t-butylhexylamino, or pentylhexylamino), C.sub.2-6 alkenyl (e.g., ethenyl (C.sub.2), 1-propenyl (C.sub.3), 2-propenyl (C.sub.3), 1-butenyl (C.sub.4), 2-butenyl (C.sub.4), butadienyl (C.sub.4), pentenyl (C.sub.5), pentadienyl (C.sub.5), or hexenyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.2-6 alkynyl (e.g., ethynyl (C.sub.2), 1-propynyl (C.sub.3), 2-propynyl (C.sub.3), 1-butynyl (C.sub.4), 2-butynyl (C.sub.4), pentynyl (C.sub.5), or hexynyl (C.sub.6)), C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl (e.g., cyclopropyl (C.sub.3), cyclopropenyl (C.sub.3), cyclobutyl (C.sub.4), cyclobutenyl (C.sub.4), cyclopentyl (C.sub.5), cyclopentenyl (C.sub.5), cyclohexyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexenyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexadienyl (C.sub.6), cycloheptyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptenyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptadienyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptatrienyl (C.sub.7), cyclooctyl (C.sub.8), cyclooctenyl (C.sub.8), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl (C.sub.7), bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl (C.sub.8), cyclononyl (C.sub.9), cyclononenyl (C.sub.9), cyclodecyl (C.sub.10), cyclodecenyl (C.sub.10), octahydro-1H-indenyl (C.sub.9), decahydronaphthalenyl (C.sub.10), or spiro[4.5]decanyl (C.sub.10)), 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one or two 3- to 8-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), C.sub.6-10 aryl (e.g., phenyl or naphthyl), 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl (e.g., heteroaryl comprising one or two 5- or 6-membered rings and 1-5 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), —SR.sup.b, —S(═O)R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —S(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —S(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —NR.sup.cS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —NR.sup.bC(═O)R.sup.a, —NR.sup.bC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2R.sup.a, —OS(═O).sub.2OR.sup.b, —OS(═O).sub.2NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —OC(═O)R.sup.a, —OC(═O)OR.sup.b, —OC(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d, —C(═O)R.sup.a, —C(═O)OR.sup.b, or —C(═O)NR.sup.cR.sup.d; wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, and 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl.

    [0276] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.u is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl, 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, and 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl.

    [0277] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.u is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, C.sub.6 aryl, or 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, and 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl.

    [0278] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.u is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, and 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl.

    [0279] In certain embodiments, each R.sup.u is independently oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, carbocyclyl or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO.sub.2, —OH, —NH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylamino, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl, C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl, and 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl.

    [0280] In certain embodiments, two R.sup.u, together with the carbon atom(s) to which they are attached, form C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl (e.g., cyclopropyl (C.sub.3), cyclopropenyl (C.sub.3), cyclobutyl (C.sub.4), cyclobutenyl (C.sub.4), cyclopentyl (C.sub.5), cyclopentenyl (C.sub.5), cyclohexyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexenyl (C.sub.6), or cyclohexadienyl (C.sub.6)) or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one 3- to 6-membered ring and 1-3 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S).

    [0281] In certain embodiments, two geminal R.sup.u, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl (e.g., cyclopropyl (C.sub.3), cyclopropenyl (C.sub.3), cyclobutyl (C.sub.4), cyclobutenyl (C.sub.4), cyclopentyl (C.sub.5), cyclopentenyl (C.sub.5), cyclohexyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexenyl (C.sub.6), or cyclohexadienyl (C.sub.6)) or 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl (e.g., heterocyclyl comprising one 3- to 6-membered ring and 1-3 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S).

    [0282] Embodiments of the variables in any of the Formulae described herein, e.g., Formulae I and I′, as applicable, are described below. Any of the variables can be any moiety as described in the embodiments below. In addition, the combination of any moieties described for any of the variables, as applicable, with any moieties described for any of the remaining variables, is also contemplated.

    [0283] Without wishing to be limited by this statement, while various options for variables are described herein, it is understood that the present disclosure intends to encompass operable embodiments having combinations of the options. The disclosure may be interpreted as excluding the non-operable embodiments caused by certain combinations of the options.

    [0284] When a range of values is listed, each discrete value and sub-range within the range are also contemplated. For example, “C.sub.1-6 alkyl” is intended to encompass, C.sub.1, C.sub.2, C.sub.3, C.sub.4, C.sub.5, C.sub.6, C.sub.1-6, C.sub.1-5, C.sub.1-4, C.sub.1-3, C.sub.1-2, C.sub.2-6, C.sub.2-5, C.sub.2-4, C.sub.2-3, C.sub.3-6, C.sub.3-5, C.sub.3-4, C.sub.4-6, C.sub.4-5, and C.sub.5-6 alkyl.

    [0285] In certain embodiments, the compound is selected from compounds described in Table 1 and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or stereoisomers thereof.

    TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Listing of Compounds Cpd. No. Structure Name 1 [00034]embedded image (difluoro(4-((E)-3-(((S)-1-((S)-2- ((4- iodophenyl)(phenyl)carbamoyl) pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1- oxobutan-2-yl)amino)-3-oxoprop-1- en-1-yl)phenyl)methyl)phosphonic acid 2 [00035]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((4- iodophenyl)(phenyl)carbamoyl) pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1- oxobutan-2-yl)carbamoyl)-1H- indol-5-yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 3 [00036]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8- (benzhydrylcarbamoyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 4 [00037]embedded image ((3-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-((4- iodophenyl)carbamoyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 5 [00038]embedded image ((4-((E)-3-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl- 8-(benzhydrylcarbamoyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)amino)-3- oxoprop-1-en-1- yl)phenyl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 6 [00039]embedded image ((4-((E)-3-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl- 8-((4-iodophenyl)carbamoyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)amino)-3- oxoprop-1-en-1- yl)phenyl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 7 [00040]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8- (benzhydryl(methyl)carbamoyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 8 [00041]embedded image ((4-((E)-3-(((S)-6-amino-1-oxo-1- ((S)-2-(1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline-2- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)hexan-2- yl)amino)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1- yl)phenyl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 9 [00042]embedded image ((2-(((S)-6-amino-1-oxo-1-((S)-2- (1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-2- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)hexan-2- yl)carbamoyl)-1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 10 [00043]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-(((R)-1,2,3,4- tetrahydronaphthalen-1- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)-1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 11 [00044]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-(((S)-1,2,3,4- tetrahydronaphthalen-1- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)-1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 12 [00045]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((2S)-2-((2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-1- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)-1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 13 [00046]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-(4-phenylpiperazine-1- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)-1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 14 [00047]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2- (benzhydrylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)-1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 15 [00048]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-((S)-2- (naphthalen-2- ylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1- oxobutan-2-yl)carbamoyl)-1H- indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 16 [00049]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-(((1R,2S)-2- phenylcyclopropyl)carbamoyl) pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 17 [00050]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-(4-benzylthiazol- 2-yl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl- 1-oxobutan-2-yl)carbamoyl)-1H- indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 18 [00051]embedded image ((4-((E)-3-(((S)-1-((S)-2-(4- benzylthiazol-2-yl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)- 3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)amino)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1- yl)phenyl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 19 [00052]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-(4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)pyrrolidin- 1-yl)butan-2-yl)carbamoyl)-1H- indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 20 [00053]embedded image ((4-((E)-3-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo- 1-((S)-2-(4-phenylthiazol-2- yl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)amino)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1- yl)phenyl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 21 [00054]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-(5-phenylthiazol-2-yl)pyrrolidin- 1-yl)butan-2-yl)carbamoyl)-1H- indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 22 [00055]embedded image ((4-((E)-3-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo- 1-((S)-2-(5-phenylthiazol-2- yl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)amino)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1- yl)phenyl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 23 [00056]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3-cyclohexyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-2- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan-2- yl)carbamoyl)-1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 24 [00057]embedded image ((4-((E)-3-(((S)-3-cyclohexyl-1-oxo- 1-((S)-2-(1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline-2- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan-2- yl)amino)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1- yl)phenyl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 25 [00058]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-(5-benzylthiazol- 2-yl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl- 1-oxobutan-2-yl)carbamoyl)-1H- indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 26 [00059]embedded image ((4-((E)-3-(((S)-1-((S)-2-(5- benzylthiazol-2-yl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)- 3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)amino)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1- yl)phenyl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 27 [00060]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-oxo-3-(pyridin- 4-yl)-1-((S)-2-(1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline-2- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan-2- yl)carbamoyl)-1H-indol-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 28 [00061]embedded image (difluoro(2-((2-oxo-1-(piperidin-4- yl)-2-((S)-2-(1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline-2- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)ethyl)carbamoyl)-1H-indol-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 29 [00062]embedded image (difluoro(4-((E)-3-oxo-3-((2-oxo-1- (piperidin-4-yl)-2-((S)-2-(1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline-2- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)ethyl)amino)prop-1-en-1- yl)phenyl)methyl)phosphonic acid 30 [00063]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((4-phenylthiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)-1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 31 [00064]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((5-phenylthiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)-1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 32 [00065]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2- (benzhydryl(methyl)carbamoyl) pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1- oxobutan-2-yl)carbamoyl)-1H- indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 33 [00066]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-(5-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2- yl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)-1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 34 [00067]embedded image ((2-((1-(1-acetylpiperidin-4-yl)-2- oxo-2-((S)-2-(1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline-2- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)ethyl)carbamoyl)-1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 35 [00068]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3-(1-benzyl-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-1-oxo-1- ((S)-2-(1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline-2- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan-2- yl)carbamoyl)-1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 36 [00069]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-oxo-3-(piperidin- 4-yl)-1-((S)-2-(1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline-2- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan-2- yl)carbamoyl)-1H-indol-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 37 [00070]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((4- ((benzyloxy)carbonyl)phenyl)(4- iodophenyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 38 [00071]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((3- methoxy-3- oxopropyl)(phenyl)carbamoyl) pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1- oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 39 [00072]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((4- iodophenyl)(phenyl)carbamoyl) pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1- oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 40 [00073]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((4- chlorophenyl)(cyclohexyl)carbamoyl) pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1- oxobutan-2-yl)carbamoyl)-1H- indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 41 [00074]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-2- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 42 [00075]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((4- iodophenyl)(4- (methylcarbamoyl)phenyl)carbamoyl) pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1- oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 43 [00076]embedded image N-((3R,6S,9S,12R)-6-ethyl-12- methyl-2,5,8,11-tetraoxo-3-phenyl- 9-((pyridin-2-ylamino)methyl)- 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclotetradecan-12- yl)isobutyramide 44 [00077]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((4- chlorophenyl)(4- (methylcarbamoyl)phenyl)carbamoyl) pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1- oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 45 [00078]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((4- bromophenyl)(3-(methylamino)-3- oxopropyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 46 [00079]embedded image 3-((S)-N-(4-bromophenyl)-1-((S)-2- (5- (difluoro(phosphono)methyl)benzo[b] thiophene-2-carboxamido)-3,3- dimethylbutanoyl)pyrrolidine-2- carboxamido)propanoic acid 47 [00080]embedded image 3-((2S,4S)-N-(4-bromophenyl)-1- ((S)-2-(5- (difluoro(phosphono)methyl)benzo [b]thiophene-2-carboxamido)-3,3- dimethylbutanoyl)-4-(2-ethoxy-2- oxoethoxy)pyrrolidine-2- carboxamido)propanoic acid 48 [00081]embedded image 3-((2S,4R)-N-(4-bromophenyl)-1- ((S)-2-(5- (difluoro(phosphono)methyl)benzo[b] thiophene-2-carboxamido)-3,3- dimethylbutanoyl)-4-(2-ethoxy-2- oxoethoxy)pyrrolidine-2- carboxamido)propanoic acid 49 [00082]embedded image 3-((2S,4S)-N-(4-bromophenyl)-4- (carboxymethoxy)-1-((S)-2-(5- (difluoro(phosphono)methyl)benzo[b] thiophene-2-carboxamido)-3,3- dimethylbutanoyl)pyrrolidine-2- carboxamido)propanoic acid 50 [00083]embedded image 3-((2S,4R)-N-(4-bromophenyl)-4- (carboxymethoxy)-1-((S)-2-(5- (difluoro(phosphono)methyl)benzo[b] thiophene-2-carboxamido)-3,3- dimethylbutanoyl)pyrrolidine-2- carboxamido)propanoic acid 51 [00084]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((2S,4S)-2-((4- bromophenyl)(3-(methylamino)-3- oxopropyl)carbamoyl)-4-(2- (methylamino)-2- oxoethoxy)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 52 [00085]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((2S,4R)-2-((4- bromophenyl)(3-(methylamino)-3- oxopropyl)carbamoyl)-4-(2- (methylamino)-2- oxoethoxy)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 53 [00086]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((2S,4S)-4-(2-ethoxy-2- oxoethoxy)-2-((4- iodophenyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 54 [00087]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((2S,4S)-2-((4- bromophenyl)(methyl)carbamoyl)- 4-(2-ethoxy-2- oxoethoxy)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 55 [00088]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((2S,4S)-2-((4- bromophenyl)(propyl)carbamoyl)-4- (2-ethoxy-2-oxoethoxy)pyrrolidin- 1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 56 [00089]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((2S,4S)-2-((4- bromophenyl)(3-(methylamino)-3- oxopropyl)carbamoyl)-4-(2-ethoxy- 2-oxoethoxy)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 57 [00090]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((2S,4S)-2-((4- bromophenyl)(3-(dimethylamino)-3- oxopropyl)carbamoyl)-4-(2-ethoxy- 2-oxoethoxy)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 58 [00091]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-(1- azaspiro[4.4]nonane-1- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 59 [00092]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-(2- azaspiro[4.4]nonane-2- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 60 [00093]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-(1- azaspiro[4.5]decane-1- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 61 [00094]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-(2- azaspiro[4.5]decane-2- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 62 [00095]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-(2- azaspiro[4.6]undecane-2- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 63 [00096]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-(5- azaspiro[2.4]heptane-5- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 64 [00097]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((S)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 65 [00098]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((S)-3-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 66 [00099]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((R)-3-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 67 [00100]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 68 [00101]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-(7-chloro-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline-2- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 69 [00102]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-(2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H- benzo[d]azepine-3- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 70 [00103]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-(2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H- benzo[c]azepine-2- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 71 [00104]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((1- phenylcyclopropyl)carbamoyl) pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 72 [00105]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2- (benzyl(methyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin- 1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 73 [00106]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((4- chlorobenzyl)(methyl)carbamoyl) pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1- oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 74 [00107]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((4- bromobenzyl)(methyl)carbamoyl) pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1- oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 75 [00108]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2- (benzyl(cyclohexyl)carbamoyl) pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1- oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 76 [00109]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2- (benzyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 77 [00110]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-(1,4-oxazepane-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 78 [00111]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-((S)-2- ((3aR,7aR)-octahydro-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine-6- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1- oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 79 [00112]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-((S)-2- ((3aR,6aR)-octahydropyrrolo[3,4- b]pyrrole-1-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 80 [00113]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-((S)-2- ((3aR,6aR)-octahydropyrrolo[3,4- b]pyrrole-5-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 81 [00114]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((3aS,7aR)-1- acetyloctahydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- c]pyridine-6-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 82 [00115]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((3aS,7aR)-1-pentanoyloctahydro- 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine-6- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 83 [00116]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-((S)-2- ((3aS,7aR)-1-(4- fluorobenzoyl)octahydro-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine-6- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 84 [00117]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((3aR,6aR)-5- acetyloctahydropyrrolo[3,4- b]pyrrole-1-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 85 [00118]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((3aR,6aR)-5- pentanoyloctahydropyrrolo[3,4- b]pyrrole-1-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 86 [00119]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-((S)-2- ((3aR,6aR)-5-(4- fluorobenzoyl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-b] pyrrole-1-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 87 [00120]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((3aR,6aR)-1- acetyloctahydropyrrolo[3,4- b]pyrrole-5-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 88 [00121]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((3aR,6aR)-1- pentanoyloctahydropyrrolo[3,4- b]pyrrole-5-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 89 [00122]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-((S)-2- ((3aR,6aR)-1-(4- fluorobenzoyl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4- b]pyrrole-5-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 90 [00123]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((3aS,7aR)-6- acetyloctahydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- c]pyridine-1-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 91 [00124]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((3aS,7aR)-6-pentanoyloctahydro- 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine-1- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 92 [00125]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((3aS,6aS)-5- acetyloctahydropyrrolo[3,4- b]pyrrole-1-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 93 [00126]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((3aS,6aS)-5- pentanoyloctahydropyrrolo[3,4- b]pyrrole-1-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 94 [00127]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-((S)-2- ((3aS,6aS)-5-(4- fluorobenzoyl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-b] pyrrole-1-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 95 [00128]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((3aS,6aS)-1- acetyloctahydropyrrolo[3,4- b]pyrrole-5-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 96 [00129]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((3aS,6aS)-1- pentanoyloctahydropyrrolo[3,4- b]pyrrole-5-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 97 [00130]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-((S)-2- ((3aS,6aS)-1-(4- fluorobenzoyl)octahydropyrrolo[3,4-b] pyrrole-5-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 98 [00131]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((S)-3-phenylpiperidine-1- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 99 [00132]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((R)-3-phenylpiperidine-1- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 100 [00133]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((2S)-1-((2S)-2-(2-(4- fluorophenyl)-2-methylmorpholine- 4-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 101 [00134]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((2S)-2-(2-(4- chlorophenyl)-2-methylmorpholine- 4-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 102 [00135]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((2S)-1-((2S)-2-(2-(4- fluorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 103 [00136]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((2S)-2-(2-(3- chlorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 104 [00137]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((2S)-2-(2-(2,4- dichloro-5- fluorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 105 [00138]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1- ((2S)-2-(3-(o-tolyl)piperidine-1- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 106 [00139]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1- ((2S)-2-(2-(o-tolyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 107 [00140]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((2S)-2-(2-(2,4- dimethylphenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 108 [00141]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((2S)-1-((2S)-2-(2-(4- fluoro-3-methylphenyl)morpholine- 4-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 109 [00142]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((2S)-1-((2S)-2-(2-(2- fluorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 110 [00143]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((2S)-2-(2-(2,4- difluorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 111 [00144]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((2S)-2-(2-(3,4- difluorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 112 [00145]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((2S)-2-(2-(2- chlorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 113 [00146]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((2S)-2-(2-(3-chloro-4- fluorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 114 [00147]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((2S)-2-(2-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 115 [00148]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((2S)-2-(4- (ethoxycarbonyl)-3- phenylpiperidine-1- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 116 [00149]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-((2S,4S)-4- hydroxy-2-((R)-2- phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 117 [00150]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-((2S,4R)-4- hydroxy-2-((R)-2- phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 118 [00151]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 119 [00152]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-((S)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 120 [00153]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-((S)-3-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 121 [00154]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-((R)-3-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 122 [00155]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3-acetamido-3-methyl-1- oxo-1-((S)-2-((R)-2- phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 123 [00156]embedded image 1-(((S)-2-(5- (difluoro(phosphono)methyl)benzo [b]thiophene-2-carboxamido)-3,3- dimethylbutanoyl)-L-prolyl)-3- phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid 124 [00157]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1- ((2S)-2-(2-phenyl-1,4-oxazepane-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 125 [00158]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1- ((2S)-2-(3-phenylazepane-1- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 126 [00159]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-((2S)-2- (5-methyl-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1- oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 127 [00160]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1- ((2S)-2-(2-(thiophen-2- yl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 128 [00161]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1- ((2S)-2-(2-(thiazol-2-yl)morpholine- 4-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 129 [00162]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-((2S)-2- (2-(naphthalen-1-yl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1- oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 130 [00163]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1- ((2S)-2-(2-(pyridin-3- yl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 131 [00164]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1- ((2S)-2-(2-(pyridin-4- yl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 132 [00165]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1- ((2S)-2-(2-phenylthiomorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 133 [00166]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((2S)-2-(2- benzylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 134 [00167]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((2S)-2-(2- cyclohexylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 135 [00168]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((R)-1,1-dioxido- 2-phenylthiomorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 136 [00169]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((S)-1,1-dioxido- 2-phenylthiomorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 137 [00170]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((2S)-1-((2S)-2-(4- hydroxy-3-phenylpiperidine-1- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 138 [00171]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((R)-3-phenylpiperazine-1- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 139 [00172]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((S)-3-phenylpiperazine-1- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 140 [00173]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1- ((2S)-2-(2-(pyridin-2- yl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 141 [00174]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-(1- ((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)isoindolin-2-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 142 [00175]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-(1- ((S)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)isoindolin-2-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 143 [00176]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-(((R)-2- phenylmorpholino)methyl)pyrrolidin- 1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 144 [00177]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3-ethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)-2- ((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 145 [00178]embedded image ((6-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)naphthalen-2- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 146 [00179]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-oxo-1-((S)-2- ((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 147 [00180]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-oxo-1-((S)-2- ((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)pent-4-yn- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 148 [00181]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-cyclopropyl-2-oxo-2- ((S)-2-((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)ethyl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen- 5-yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 149 [00182]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-3-hydroxy-3- methyl-1-oxo-1-((S)-2-((R)-2- phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 150 [00183]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3-ethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)-2- ((S)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 151 [00184]embedded image ((6-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((S)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)naphthalen-2- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 152 [00185]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-oxo-1-((S)-2- ((S)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 153 [00186]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-oxo-1-((S)-2- ((S)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)pent-4-yn- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 154 [00187]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-cyclopropyl-2-oxo-2- ((S)-2-((S)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)ethyl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen- 5-yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 155 [00188]embedded image (difluoro(2-((1-((S)-2-((S)-2- phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidine-1- carbonyl)cyclobutyl)carbamoyl)benzo [b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 156 [00189]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-3-hydroxy-3- methyl-1-oxo-1-((S)-2-((S)-2- phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 157 [00190]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-((S)-3-phenylpiperidine-1- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 158 [00191]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-((R)-3-phenylpiperidine-1- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 159 [00192]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-(2-(4- fluorophenyl)-2-methylmorpholine- 4-carbonyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 160 [00193]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-(2-(4- chlorophenyl)-2-methylmorpholine- 4-carbonyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 161 [00194]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-(2-(4- fluorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 162 [00195]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-(2-(3- chlorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 163 [00196]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-(2- (2,4-dichloro-5- fluorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 164 [00197]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-(2-(o-tolyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 165 [00198]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-((5-phenylthiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 166 [00199]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((R)-4-acetyl-3- phenylpiperazine-1- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 167 [00200]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((S)-4-acetyl-3- phenylpiperazine-1- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 168 [00201]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-((S)-2-((R)- 4-(methylsulfonyl)-3- phenylpiperazine-1- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1- oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 169 [00202]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-((S)-2-((S)- 4-(methylsulfonyl)-3- phenylpiperazine-1- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1- oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 170 [00203]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-4-acetyl-2-((R)-2- phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)piperazin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 171 [00204]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-4-acetyl-2-((S)-2- phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)piperazin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 172 [00205]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-4-acetyl-2-((S)-3- phenylpyrrolidine-1- carbonyl)piperazin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 173 [00206]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((R)-3-phenylpyrrolidine-1- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 174 [00207]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((S)-3-phenylpyrrolidine-1- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 175 [00208]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-4-acetyl-2-((R)-3- phenylpiperidine-1- carbonyl)piperazin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 176 [00209]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-4-acetyl-2-((R)-3- phenylpyrrolidine-1- carbonyl)piperazin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 177 [00210]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-4-acetyl-2-((S)-3- phenylpyrrolidine-1- carbonyl)piperazin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 178 [00211]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-(1,1- dioxido-2-phenylthiomorpholine-4- carbonyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 179 [00212]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)piperidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 180 [00213]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((R)-3-phenylpiperidine-1- carbonyl)piperidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 181 [00214]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-((S)-2- (isoindoline-2-carbonyl)piperidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 182 [00215]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((5-phenylthiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)piperidin-1-yl)butan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 183 [00216]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)azepan-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 184 [00217]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((R)-3-phenylpiperidine-1- carbonyl)azepan-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 185 [00218]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((R)-3-phenylpyrrolidine-1- carbonyl)azepan-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 186 [00219]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((S)-3-phenylpyrrolidine-1- carbonyl)azepan-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 187 [00220]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-((S)-2- (isoindoline-2-carbonyl)azepan-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 188 [00221]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((5-phenylthiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)azepan-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 189 [00222]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-(3- ((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 190 [00223]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-(3- ((R)-3-phenylpiperidine-1- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 191 [00224]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-(3- ((R)-3-phenylpyrrolidine-1- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 192 [00225]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-(3- ((S)-3-phenylpyrrolidine-1- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 193 [00226]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((2S)-1-(3-(isoindoline- 2-carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 194 [00227]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-(3- ((5-phenylthiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl)- 3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)- yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 195 [00228]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 1-((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)isoindolin-2-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 196 [00229]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 1-((R)-3-phenylpiperidine-1- carbonyl)isoindolin-2-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 197 [00230]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 1-((R)-3-phenylpyrrolidine-1- carbonyl)isoindolin-2-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 198 [00231]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 1-((S)-3-phenylpyrrolidine-1- carbonyl)isoindolin-2-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 199 [00232]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-((S)-1- (isoindoline-2-carbonyl)isoindolin- 2-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 200 [00233]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 1-((5-phenylthiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)isoindolin-2-yl)butan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 201 [00234]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-4- ((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-2-((5- phenylthiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)piperazin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 202 [00235]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((2S,4R)-4-(benzyloxy)- 2-(isoindoline-2- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 203 [00236]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((2S,4R)-4-(benzyloxy)- 2-((5-phenylthiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 204 [00237]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-((S)-2- (isoindoline-2-carbonyl)pyrrolidin- 1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 205 [00238]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((2S,4S)-4-(2-ethoxy-2- oxoethoxy)-2-((5-phenylthiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 206 [00239]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((2S,4R)-4-(2-ethoxy-2- oxoethoxy)-2-((5-phenylthiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 207 [00240]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1- ((2S,4S)-4-phenoxy-2-((5- phenylthiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 208 [00241]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1- ((2S,4R)-4-phenoxy-2-((5- phenylthiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 209 [00242]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-((2S,4S)-4- (naphthalen-2-yloxy)-2-((5- phenylthiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1- oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 210 [00243]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-((2S,4R)-4- (naphthalen-2-yloxy)-2-((5- phenylthiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1- oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 211 [00244]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((5-benzylthiazol- 2-yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 212 [00245]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((4-benzylthiazol- 2-yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 213 [00246]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-(benzo[d]thiazol- 2-ylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 214 [00247]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-(((S)-1,2,3,4- tetrahydronaphthalen-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 215 [00248]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-(((R)-1,2,3,4- tetrahydronaphthalen-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 216 [00249]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1- ((3S)-3-(2-(pyridin-2- yl)morpholine-4-carbonyl)-3,4- dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)butan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 217 [00250]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1- ((3S)-3-(2-(pyridin-3- yl)morpholine-4-carbonyl)-3,4- dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)butan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 218 [00251]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1- ((3S)-3-(2-(pyridin-4- yl)morpholine-4-carbonyl)-3,4- dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)butan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 219 [00252]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1- ((3S)-3-(2-(thiazol-2-yl)morpholine- 4-carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 220 [00253]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1- ((3S)-3-(2-phenyl-1,4-oxazepane-4- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 221 [00254]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((3S)-3-(2- benzylmorpholine-4-carbonyl)-3,4- dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 222 [00255]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((3S)-3-(2- cyclohexylmorpholine-4-carbonyl)- 3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)- 3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 223 [00256]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1- ((3S)-3-(2-phenylthiomorpholine-4- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 224 [00257]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-3-((R)-1,1-dioxido- 2-phenylthiomorpholine-4- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 225 [00258]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-3-((S)-1,1-dioxido- 2-phenylthiomorpholine-4- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 226 [00259]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-((3S)-3- (2-methyl-6-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 227 [00260]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-((3S)-3- (2-(naphthalen-1-yl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 228 [00261]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1- ((3S)-3-(2-(o-tolyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 229 [00262]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((3S)-3-(2-(2,4- dimethylphenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 230 [00263]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((2S)-1-((3S)-3-(2-(2- fluorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 231 [00264]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((2S)-1-((3S)-3-(2-(4- fluorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 232 [00265]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((3S)-3-(2-(2- chlorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 233 [00266]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((3S)-3-(2-(3- chlorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 234 [00267]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((3S)-3-(2-(4- chlorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 235 [00268]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((3S)-3-(2-(4- chlorophenyl)-2-methylmorpholine- 4-carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 236 [00269]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((2S)-1-((3S)-3-(2-(4- fluorophenyl)-2-methylmorpholine- 4-carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 237 [00270]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((3S)-3-(2-(2,4- difluorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 238 [00271]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((3S)-3-(2-(3,4- difluorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 239 [00272]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((3S)-3-(2-(3-chloro-4- fluorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 240 [00273]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((3S)-3-(2-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 241 [00274]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((2S)-1-((3S)-3-(2-(4- fluoro-3-methylphenyl)morpholine- 4-carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 242 [00275]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((3S)-3-(2-(3,5- dichlorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 243 [00276]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((3S)-3-(2-(2,4- dichloro-5- fluorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 244 [00277]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1- ((3S)-3-(3-phenylazepane-1- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 245 [00278]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((2S)-1-((3S)-3-(3-(3- fluorophenyl)piperidine-1- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 246 [00279]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((3S)-3-(3-(4- chlorophenyl)piperidine-1- carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 247 [00280]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-(thiazol-2-ylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin- 1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 248 [00281]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((5- (hydroxymethyl)thiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 249 [00282]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((5-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)thiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 250 [00283]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((5-(1H-indol-2- yl)thiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 251 [00284]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((5- isopropylthiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 252 [00285]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((5-(tert- butyl)thiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 253 [00286]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((5-propylthiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 254 [00287]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((5- cyclohexylthiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 255 [00288]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((5-phenylthiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 256 [00289]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((5-(o-tolyl)thiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 257 [00290]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((5-(m-tolyl)thiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 258 [00291]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((5-(p-tolyl)thiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 259 [00292]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((5-(2- fluorophenyl)thiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 260 [00293]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((5-(3- fluorophenyl)thiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 261 [00294]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((5-(4- fluorophenyl)thiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 262 [00295]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((5-(3- chlorophenyl)thiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 263 [00296]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((5-(4- chlorophenyl)thiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 264 [00297]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((5-(4- bromophenyl)thiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 265 [00298]embedded image ((2-(((2S)-1-((2S)-2-(2-(3,5- difluorophenyl)morpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 266 [00299]embedded image 1-(((S)-2-(5- (difluoro(phosphono)methyl)benzo [b]thiophene-2-carboxamido)-3,3- dimethylbutanoyl)-L-prolyl)-5- phenylpiperidine-3-carboxylic acid 267 [00300]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((2S,4S)-4-amino-2-((R)- 2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 268 [00301]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((2S,4R)-4-amino-2-((5- phenylthiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 269 [00302]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-2-oxo-2-((S)-2- ((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1- (piperidin-4- yl)ethyl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen- 5-yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 270 [00303]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-oxo-1-((S)-2- ((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3- (pyridin-4-yl)propan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 271 [00304]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-oxo-1-((S)-2- ((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3- (pyridin-3-yl)propan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 272 [00305]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-oxo-1-((S)-2- ((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)hexan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 273 [00306]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-1-oxo- 1-((S)-2-((R)-2-phenylmorpholine- 4-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 274 [00307]embedded image ((2-(((S)-5-(dimethylamino)-1-oxo- 1-((S)-2-((R)-2-phenylmorpholine- 4-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 275 [00308]embedded image ((2-(((S)-4-(dimethylamino)-1-oxo- 1-((S)-2-((R)-2-phenylmorpholine- 4-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 276 [00309]embedded image ((2-(((S)-5-amino-1,5-dioxo-1-((S)- 2-((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 277 [00310]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3-(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)-1- oxo-1-((S)-2-((R)-2- phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 278 [00311]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-1- oxo-1-((S)-2-((R)-2- phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 279 [00312]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-cyclohexyl-2-oxo-2-((S)- 2-((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)ethyl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen- 5-yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 280 [00313]embedded image ((2-(((S)-5-amino-1-oxo-1-((S)-2- ((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 281 [00314]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3-(3-cyanophenyl)-1-oxo- 1-((S)-2-((R)-2-phenylmorpholine- 4-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 282 [00315]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-3-(3-nitrophenyl)- 1-oxo-1-((S)-2-((R)-2- phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 283 [00316]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-oxo-1-((S)-2- ((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-(m- tolyl)propan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 284 [00317]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-3-(4- methoxyphenyl)-1-oxo-1-((S)-2- ((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 285 [00318]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-3-(naphthalen-2- yl)-1-oxo-1-((S)-2-((R)-2- phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 286 [00319]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-1- oxo-1-((S)-2-((R)-2- phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 287 [00320]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-oxo-1-((S)-2- ((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3- (thiophen-2-yl)propan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 288 [00321]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-oxo-4-phenyl-1- ((S)-2-((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 289 [00322]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-oxo-5-phenyl-1- ((S)-2-((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 290 [00323]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-oxo-1-((S)-2- ((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3- (piperidin-4-yl)propan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 291 [00324]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-3-(1- methylpiperidin-4-yl)-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 292 [00325]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3-(1-ethylpiperidin-4-yl)- 1-oxo-1-((S)-2-((R)-2- phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 293 [00326]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-3-(1- isopentylpiperidin-4-yl)-1-oxo-1- ((S)-2-((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 294 [00327]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3-(1- (cyclohexylmethyl)piperidin-4-yl)- 1-oxo-1-((S)-2-((R)-2- phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 295 [00328]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3-(1-(2- ethylbutyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1-oxo-1- ((S)-2-((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 296 [00329]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-oxo-3-(1- phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-1-((S)-2- ((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 297 [00330]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((S)-1-oxo-1-((S)-2- ((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-(1-(3- phenylpropyl)piperidin-4-yl)propan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 298 [00331]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3-(4-boronophenyl)-1-oxo- 1-((S)-2-((R)-2-phenylmorpholine- 4-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 299 [00332]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1- ((2S,4R)-4-phenoxy-2-((R)-2- phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 300 [00333]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((2S,4R)-4-(benzyloxy)- 2-((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 301 [00334]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1- ((2S,4S)-4-phenoxy-2-((R)-2- phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 302 [00335]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((5-phenylthiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)azepan-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 303 [00336]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-((S)-2- (methyl(5-phenylthiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)azepan-1-yl)-1- oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 304 [00337]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-(ethyl(5- phenylthiazol-2- yl)carbamoyl)azepan-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 305 [00338]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((5-phenylthiophen-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 306 [00339]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-((5-phenylthiophen-2- yl)carbamoyl)azepan-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 307 [00340]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((2S,3R)-3-ethoxy-2- ((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 308 [00341]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((2S,3S)-3-ethoxy-2- ((R)-2-phenylmorpholine-4- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 309 [00342]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((3- (dimethylamino)-3-oxopropyl)(4- (thiazol-2- yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 310 [00343]embedded image ((4-((E)-4-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo- 1-((S)-2-(1,2,3,4- tetrahydroquinoline-1- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)amino)-4-oxobut-2-en-2- yl)phenyl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 311 [00344]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-1-((S)- 2-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline-1- carbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 312 [00345]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3,3-dimethyl-1-((S)-2- (methyl(phenyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin- 1-yl)-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 313 [00346]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((4- chlorophenyl)(3-(dimethylamino)-3- oxopropyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 314 [00347]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((4- bromophenyl)(3-(dimethylamino)-3- oxopropyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 315 [00348]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-(benzofuran-5- yl(3-(dimethylamino)-3- oxopropyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 316 [00349]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-(benzo[d]thiazol- 5-yl(3-(dimethylamino)-3- oxopropyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 317 [00350]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((3- (dimethylamino)-3- oxopropyl)(naphthalen-2- yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 318 [00351]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-([1,1′-biphenyl-4- yl(3-(dimethylamino)-3- oxopropyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 319 [00352]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((3- bromophenyl)(3-(dimethylamino)-3- oxopropyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 320 [00353]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((3- (dimethylamino)-3-oxopropyl)(3- (thiazol-2- yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 321 [00354]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-cyclopropyl-2-((S)-2-((3- (dimethylamino)-3-oxopropyl)(4- (thiazol-2- yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-2- oxoethyl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen- 5-yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 322 [00355]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((3- (dimethylamino)-3-oxopropyl)(4- (thiazol-2- yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3-ethyl-1-oxopentan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 323 [00356]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-cyclohexyl-2-((S)-2-((3- (dimethylamino)-3-oxopropyl)(4- (thiazol-2- yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-2- oxoethyl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen- 5-yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 324 [00357]embedded image ((2-(((S)-2-((S)-2-((3- (dimethylamino)-3-oxopropyl)(4- (thiazol-2- yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-2-oxo-1- phenylethyl)carbamoyl)benzo[b] thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 325 [00358]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((3- (dimethylamino)-3-oxopropyl)(4- (thiazol-2- yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-oxopropan- 2-yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 326 [00359]embedded image ((2-(((S)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-1-((S)- 2-((3-(dimethylamino)-3- oxopropyl)(4-(thiazol-2- yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-1-oxopropan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 327 [00360]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((3- (dimethylamino)-3-oxopropyl)(4- (thiazol-2- yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-1-oxo-3-(4- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)propan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 328 [00361]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((3- (dimethylamino)-3-oxopropyl)(4- (thiazol-2- yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 329 [00362]embedded image ((2-(((S)-1-((S)-2-((3- (dimethylamino)-3-oxopropyl)(4- (thiazol-2- yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)-3-(naphthalen-2-yl)-1- oxopropan-2- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 330 [00363]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3- methyl-6-oxo-8-(1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline-2- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5-yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 331 [00364]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3- methyl-6-oxo-8-(1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline-2- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 332 [00365]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-2- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 333 [00366]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-2- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 334 [00367]embedded image ((7-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-2- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)naphthalen-2- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 335 [00368]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8- (benzylcarbamoyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 336 [00369]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8- (benzyl(methyl)carbamoyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 337 [00370]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-(((S)-1- phenylethyl)carbamoyl)decahydro pyrrolo[1,2-a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)-1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 338 [00371]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-(((R)-1- phenylethyl)carbamoyl)decahydro pyrrolo[1,2-a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)-1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 339 [00372]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-((2-phenylpropan-2- yl)carbamoyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 340 [00373]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-((1- phenylcyclopropyl)carbamoyl)deca hydropyrrolo[1,2-a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)-1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 341 [00374]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-((4-phenyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)carbamoyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 342 [00375]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8- (benzyl(cyclohexyl)carbamoyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 343 [00376]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-(5- fluoro-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline-2-carbonyl)- 6-oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 344 [00377]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-(6- fluoro-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline-2-carbonyl)- 6-oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 355 [00378]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-(7- fluoro-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline-2-carbonyl)- 6-oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 356 [00379]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-(8- fluoro-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline-2-carbonyl)- 6-oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 357 [00380]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-(7- methyl-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline-2-carbonyl)- 6-oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 358 [00381]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-(7-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline-2- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 359 [00382]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8- (isoindoline-2-carbonyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 360 [00383]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8- (methyl(phenyl)carbamoyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 361 [00384]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8- (phenylcarbamoyl)decahydropyrrolo [1,2-a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)-1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 362 [00385]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8- (diphenylcarbamoyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 363 [00386]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((3S,6S,9aS)-5-oxo-3- (1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-2- carbonyl)octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2- a]azepin-6-yl)carbamoyl)-1H-indol- 5-yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 364 [00387]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3- isobutyryl-6-oxo-8-(1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline-2- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5-yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 365 [00388]embedded image (difluoro(2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-(1- methylpiperidine-4-carbonyl)-6- oxo-8-(1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline-2- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5-yl)methyl)phosphonic acid 366 [00389]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-(6- chloro-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline-2-carbonyl)- 6-oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 367 [00390]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8- (morpholine-4-carbonyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 368 [00391]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-(1,4- oxazepane-4-carbonyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 369 [00392]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-(2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H- benzo[c]azepine-2- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 370 [00393]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-((4- bromophenyl)(phenyl)carbamoyl)- 6-oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 371 [00394]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-((4- chlorophenyl)(cyclohexyl)carbamoyl)- 6-oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 372 [00395]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-(3,4- dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazine-4- carbonyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 373 [00396]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-(6- iodo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline- 2-carbonyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 374 [00397]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-(2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H- benzo[d]azepine-3- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 375 [00398]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-((4- chlorophenyl)(methyl)carbamoyl)- 6-oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 376 [00399]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-((4- fluorophenyl)(methyl)carbamoyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 377 [00400]embedded image ((2-(((5,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-(5- chloroisoindoline-2-carbonyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 378 [00401]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-(4- chloroisoindoline-2-carbonyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5-yl)carbamoyl)- 1H-indol-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 379 [00402]embedded image ((2-(((3S,6S,9aS)-3-((4- chlorophenyl)(methyl)carbamoyl)- 5-oxooctahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2- a]azepin-6- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 380 [00403]embedded image ((2-(((3S,65,9aR)-3-((4- chlorophenyl)(methyl)carbamoyl)- 5-oxooctahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2- a]azepin-6- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 381 [00404]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-(piperidine-1- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 382 [00405]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-(2-azaspiro[4.4]nonane-2- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 383 [00406]embedded image ((2-(((5,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-(2-azaspiro[4.5]decane-2- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 384 [00407]embedded image ethyl hydrogen ((2-(((5S,85,10aR)- 3-acetyl-6-oxo-8-(2- azaspiro[4.6]undecane-2- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonate 385 [00408]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-(2-azaspiro[4.6]undecane-2- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 386 [00409]embedded image ethyl hydrogen ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)- 3-acetyl-6-oxo-8-(1- azaspiro[4.4]nonane-1- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonate 387 [00410]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-(1-azaspiro[4.4]nonane-1- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 388 [00411]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-((4- chlorophenyl)(ethyl)carbamoyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 389 [00412]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-((4- chlorophenyl)(isopropyl)carbamoyl)- 6-oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 390 [00413]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-(3- isopropyl-3-methylpyrrolidine-1- carbonyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 391 [00414]embedded image ((2-(((5S,85,10aR)-3-acetyl-6-oxo- 8-(7-azaspiro[4.6]undecane-7- carbonyl)decahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 392 [00415]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-(3- carbamoyl-3- (trifluoromethyl)pyrrolidine-1- carbonyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 393 [00416]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-(3- methyl-3-phenylpyrrolidine-1- carbonyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 394 [00417]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-((4- bromophenyl)(methyl)carbamoyl)- 6-oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid 395 [00418]embedded image ((2-(((5S,8S,10aR)-3-acetyl-8-(3- cyclopropyl-3-methylpyrrolidine-1- carbonyl)-6- oxodecahydropyrrolo[1,2- a][1,5]diazocin-5- yl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5- yl)difluoromethyl)phosphonic acid

    Further Forms of Compounds Disclosed Herein

    Pharmaceutically Acceptable Salts

    [0286] In certain embodiments, the compounds disclosed herein exist as their pharmaceutically acceptable salts. In certain embodiments, the methods disclosed herein include methods of treating diseases by administering such pharmaceutically acceptable salts. In certain embodiments, the methods disclosed herein include methods of treating diseases by administering such pharmaceutically acceptable salts as pharmaceutical compositions.

    [0287] In certain embodiments, the compounds described herein possess acidic or basic groups and therefor react with any of a number of inorganic or organic bases, and inorganic and organic acids, to form a pharmaceutically acceptable salt. In certain embodiments, these salts are prepared in situ during the final isolation and purification of the compounds disclosed herein, or by separately reacting a purified compound in its free form with a suitable acid or base, and isolating the salt thus formed.

    [0288] Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable salts include those salts prepared by reaction of the compounds described herein with a mineral, organic acid, or inorganic base, such salts including acetate, acrylate, adipate, alginate, aspartate, benzoate, benzenesulfonate, bisulfate, bisulfite, bromide, butyrate, butyn-1,4-dioate, camphorate, camphorsulfonate, caproate, caprylate, chlorobenzoate, chloride, citrate, cyclopentanepropionate, decanoate, digluconate, dihydrogenphosphate, dinitrobenzoate, dodecylsulfate, ethanesulfonate, formate, fumarate, glucoheptanoate, glycerophosphate, glycolate, hemisulfate, heptanoate, hexanoate, hexyne-1,6-dioate, hydroxybenzoate, 7-hydroxybutyrate, hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate, iodide, isobutyrate, lactate, maleate, malonate, methanesulfonate, mandelate metaphosphate, methanesulfonate, methoxybenzoate, methylbenzoate, monohydrogenphosphate, 1-napthalenesulfonate, 2-napthalenesulfonate, nicotinate, nitrate, palmoate, pectinate, persulfate, 3-phenylpropionate, phosphate, picrate, pivalate, propionate, pyrosulfate, pyrophosphate, propiolate, phthalate, phenylacetate, phenylbutyrate, propanesulfonate, salicylate, succinate, sulfate, sulfite, succinate, suberate, sebacate, sulfonate, tartrate, thiocyanate, tosylateundeconate, and xylenesulfonate.

    [0289] Further, the compounds described herein can be prepared as pharmaceutically acceptable salts formed by reacting the free base form of the compound with a pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic acid, including, but not limited to, inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid metaphosphoric acid, and the like; and organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, hexanoic acid, cyclopentanepropionic acid, glycolic acid, pyruvic acid, lactic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, tartaric acid, trifluoroacetic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, 3-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, mandelic acid, arylsulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, 1,2-ethanedisulfonic acid, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 4-methylbicyclo-[2.2.2]oct-2-ene-1-carboxylic acid, glucoheptonic acid, 4,4′-methylenebis-(3-hydroxy-2-ene-1-carboxylic acid), 3-phenylpropionic acid, trimethylacetic acid, tertiary butylacetic acid, lauryl sulfuric acid, gluconic acid, glutamic acid, hydroxynaphthoic acid, salicylic acid, stearic acid, and muconic acid.

    [0290] In certain embodiments, those compounds described herein which comprise a free acid group react with a suitable base, such as the hydroxide, carbonate, bicarbonate, or sulfate of a pharmaceutically acceptable metal cation, with ammonia, or with a pharmaceutically acceptable organic primary, secondary, tertiary, or quaternary amine. Representative salts include the alkali or alkaline earth salts, like lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium, and aluminum salts and the like. Illustrative examples of bases include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, choline hydroxide, sodium carbonate, N.sup.+(C.sub.1-4 alkyl).sub.4, and the like.

    [0291] Representative organic amines useful for the formation of base addition salts include ethylamine, diethylamine, ethylenediamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, piperazine, and the like. It should be understood that the compounds described herein also include the quaternization of any basic nitrogen-containing groups they contain. In certain embodiments, water or oil-soluble or dispersible products are obtained by such quaternization.

    Solvates

    [0292] Those skilled in the art of organic chemistry will appreciate that many organic compounds can form complexes with solvents in which they are reacted or from which they are precipitated or crystallized. These complexes are known as “solvates”. For example, a complex with water is known as a “hydrate”. Solvates are within the scope of the invention.

    [0293] It will also be appreciated by those skilled in organic chemistry that many organic compounds can exist in more than one crystalline form. For example, crystalline form may vary from solvate to solvate. Thus, all crystalline forms or the pharmaceutically acceptable solvates thereof are contemplated and are within the scope of the present invention.

    [0294] In certain embodiments, the compounds described herein exist as solvates. The present disclosure provides for methods of treating diseases by administering such solvates. The present disclosure further provides for methods of treating diseases by administering such solvates as pharmaceutical compositions.

    [0295] Solvates contain either stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric amounts of a solvent, such as water, ethanol, and the like. Hydrates are formed when the solvent is water, or alcoholates are formed when the solvent is alcohol. Solvates of the compounds described herein can be conveniently prepared or formed during the processes described herein. In addition, the compounds provided herein can exist in unsolvated as well as solvated forms. In general, the solvated forms are considered equivalent to the unsolvated forms for the purposes of the compounds and methods provided herein.

    Isomers/Stereoisomers

    [0296] It is also to be understood that compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the nature or sequence of bonding of their atoms or the arrangement of their atoms in space are termed “isomers.” Isomers that differ in the arrangement of their atoms in space are termed “stereoisomers.”

    [0297] In certain embodiments, the compounds described herein exist as geometric isomers. In certain embodiments, the compounds described herein possess one or more double bonds. The compounds disclosed herein include all cis, trans, syn, anti, entgegen (E), and zusammen (Z) isomers as well as the corresponding mixtures thereof. All geometric forms of the compounds disclosed herein are contemplated and are within the scope of the invention.

    [0298] In certain embodiments, the compounds disclosed herein possess one or more chiral centers and each center exists in the R configuration or S configuration. The compounds disclosed herein include all diastereomeric, enantiomeric, and epimeric forms as well as the corresponding mixtures thereof. All diastereomeric, enantiomeric, and epimeric forms of the compounds disclosed herein are contemplated and are within the scope of the invention.

    [0299] In additional embodiments of the compounds and methods provided herein, mixtures of enantiomers and/or diastereoisomers, resulting from a single preparative step, combination, or interconversion are useful for the applications described herein. In certain embodiments, the compounds described herein are prepared as their individual stereoisomers by reacting a racemic mixture of the compound with an optically active resolving agent to form a pair of diastereoisomeric compounds, separating the diastereomers, and recovering the optically pure enantiomers. In certain embodiments, dissociable complexes are preferred. In certain embodiments, the diastereomers have distinct physical properties (e.g., melting points, boiling points, solubilities, reactivity, etc.) and are separated by taking advantage of these dissimilarities. In certain embodiments, the diastereomers are separated by chiral chromatography, or preferably, by separation/resolution techniques based upon differences in solubility. In certain embodiments, the optically pure enantiomer is then recovered, along with the resolving agent.

    Tautomers

    [0300] In certain embodiments, compounds described herein exist as tautomers. The compounds described herein include all possible tautomers within the formulas described herein.

    [0301] Tautomers are compounds that are interconvertible by migration of a hydrogen atom, accompanied by a switch of a single bond and an adjacent double bond. In bonding arrangements where tautomerization is possible, a chemical equilibrium of the tautomers will exist. All tautomeric forms of the compounds disclosed herein are contemplated and are within the scope of the invention. The exact ratio of the tautomers depends on several factors, including temperature, solvent, and pH.

    Pharmaceutical Compositions

    [0302] In certain embodiments, the compound described herein is administered as a pure chemical. In certain embodiments, the compound described herein is combined with a pharmaceutically suitable or acceptable carrier (also referred to herein as a pharmaceutically suitable (or acceptable) excipient, physiologically suitable (or acceptable) excipient, or physiologically suitable (or acceptable) carrier) selected on the basis of a chosen route of administration and standard pharmaceutical practice as described, for example, in Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy (Gennaro, 21.sup.st Ed. Mack Pub. Co., Easton, PA (2005)).

    [0303] Accordingly, the present disclosure provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound described herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

    [0304] In certain embodiments, the compound provided herein is substantially pure, in that it contains less than about 5%, or less than about 1%, or less than about 0.1%, of other organic small molecules, such as unreacted intermediates or synthesis by-products that are created, for example, in one or more of the steps of a synthesis method.

    [0305] Pharmaceutical compositions are administered in a manner appropriate to the disease to be treated (or prevented). An appropriate dose and a suitable duration and frequency of administration will be determined by such factors as the condition of the patient, the type and severity of the patient's disease, the particular form of the active ingredient, and the method of administration. In general, an appropriate dose and treatment regimen provides the composition(s) in an amount sufficient to provide therapeutic and/or prophylactic benefit (e.g., an improved clinical outcome, such as more frequent complete or partial remissions, or longer disease-free and/or overall survival, or a lessening of symptom severity. Optimal doses are generally determined using experimental models and/or clinical trials. The optimal dose depends upon the body mass, weight, or blood volume of the patient.

    [0306] In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is formulated for oral, topical (including buccal and sublingual), rectal, vaginal, transdermal, parenteral, intrapulmonary, intradermal, intrathecal and epidural and intranasal administration. Parenteral administration includes intramuscular, intravenous, intraarterial, intraperitoneal, or subcutaneous administration. In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is formulated for intravenous injection, oral administration, inhalation, nasal administration, topical administration, or ophthalmic administration. In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is formulated for oral administration. In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is formulated for intravenous injection. In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is formulated as a tablet, a pill, a capsule, a liquid, an inhalant, a nasal spray solution, a suppository, a suspension, a gel, a colloid, a dispersion, a suspension, a solution, an emulsion, an ointment, a lotion, an eye drop, or an ear drop. In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is formulated as a tablet.

    [0307] Suitable doses and dosage regimens are determined by conventional range-finding techniques known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Generally, treatment is initiated with smaller dosages that are less than the optimum dose of the compound disclosed herein. Thereafter, the dosage is increased by small increments until the optimum effect under the circumstances is reached. In certain embodiments, the present method involves the administration of about 0.1 μg to about 50 mg of at least one compound described herein per kg body weight of the subject. For a 70 kg patient, dosages of from about 10 μg to about 200 mg of the compound disclosed herein would be more commonly used, depending on a subject's physiological response.

    [0308] By way of example only, the dose of the compound described herein for methods of treating a disease as described herein is about 0.001 to about 1 mg/kg body weight of the subject per day, for example, about 0.001 mg, about 0.002 mg, about 0.005 mg, about 0.010 mg, 0.015 mg, about 0.020 mg, about 0.025 mg, about 0.050 mg, about 0.075 mg, about 0.1 mg, about 0.15 mg, about 0.2 mg, about 0.25 mg, about 0.5 mg, about 0.75 mg, or about 1 mg/kg body weight per day. In certain embodiments, the dose of compound described herein for the described methods is about 1 to about 1000 mg/kg body weight of the subject being treated per day, for example, about 1 mg, about 2 mg, about 5 mg, about 10 mg, about 15 mg, about 20 mg, about 25 mg, about 50 mg, about 75 mg, about 100 mg, about 150 mg, about 200 mg, about 250 mg, about 500 mg, about 750 mg, or about 1000 mg per day.

    Preparation, Characterization, and Biological Assay of the Compounds

    [0309] The compounds of the present disclosure may be prepared by a variety of methods, including standard chemistry. In certain embodiments, the compounds of the present disclosure may be prepared by following the general synthetic routes depicted in the schemes given below:

    ##STR00419##

    [0310] Reaction conditions: (a) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (b) TFA, DCM, rt; (c) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (d) Pd/C, H.sub.2, EtOH, rt; (e) IM-1, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (f) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    ##STR00420##

    [0311] Reaction conditions: (a) NaBH(OAc).sub.3, AcOH, DCM, rt; (b) TFA, DCM, rt; (c) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (d) IM-1, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (e) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    ##STR00421##

    [0312] Reaction conditions: (a) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (b) TFA, DCM, rt; (c) NaBH(OAc).sub.3, 37% HCHO aq., THF, rt; (d) DEA, DCM, rt; (e) (1) IM-1, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (2) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    ##STR00422## ##STR00423##

    [0313] Reaction conditions: (a) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (b) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.; (c) P(OEt).sub.3, toluene, rt; (d) NBS, DMF, rt; (e) Boc-proline, PCl.sub.5, CHCl.sub.3, reflux; (f) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (g) TFA, DCM, rt; (h) IM-1, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (i) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    ##STR00424##

    [0314] Reaction conditions: (a) NCS, DMF, 60° C.; (b) Boc-proline, PCl.sub.5, CHCl.sub.3, reflux; (c) LiOH, water, MeOH, rt; (d) Boc-proline, PCl.sub.5, CHCl.sub.3, reflux; (e) CuI, KI, DMEDA, dioxane, reflux; (f) LiOH, water, MeOH, rt; (g) sat. NaHCO.sub.3aq., Boc.sub.2O, THF, rt; (h) MeNH.sub.2, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (i) TFA, DCM, rt; (j) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (k) TFA, DCM, rt; (1) IM-1, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (m) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    ##STR00425## ##STR00426##

    [0315] Reaction conditions: (a) NBS, CH.sub.3CN, rt; (b) Boc-proline, PCl.sub.5, CHCl.sub.3, reflux; (c) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (d) TFA, DCM, rt; (e) IM-1, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (f) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.; (g) LiOH, water, MeOH, rt; (h) sat. NaHCO.sub.3aq., Boc.sub.2O, THF, rt; (i) MeNH.sub.2, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (j) TFA, DCM, rt; (k) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (1) TFA, DCM, rt; (m) IM-1, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (n) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.; (o) LiOH, water, MeOH, rt; (p) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    ##STR00427##

    [0316] Reaction conditions: (a) DIC, Oxyma, DIPEA, DMF, 95° C.; (b) TFA, DCM, rt; (c) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (d) TFA, DCM, rt; (e) IM-1, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (f) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    ##STR00428##

    [0317] Reaction conditions: (a) DIC, Oxyma, DIPEA, DMF, 95° C.; (b) TFA, DCM, rt; (c) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (d) TFA, DCM, rt; (e) IM-1, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (f) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.; (g) NaH, MeI/EtI, DMF, rt; (h) TDA, DCM, rt.

    ##STR00429##

    [0318] Reaction conditions: (a) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (b) TFA, DCM, rt; (c) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (d) TFA, DCM, rt; (e) IM-1, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (f) DEA, DCM, rt; (g) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    ##STR00430## ##STR00431## ##STR00432##

    [0319] Reaction conditions: (a) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (b) DEA, DCM, rt; (c) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (d) TFA, DCM, rt; (e) IM-1, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (f) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.; (g) Ethylbromoacetate, NaH, TBAC, THF, rt; (h) Pd/C, H.sub.2, EtOH, rt; (i) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (j) TFA, DCM, rt; (k) aniline, PCl.sub.5, CHCl.sub.3, 50° C.; (1) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (m) TFA, DCM, rt; (n) IM-1, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (o) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    ##STR00433##

    [0320] (a) EtOH, reflux; (b) DCM/TFA, rt; (c) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (d) DCM/TFA, rt; (e) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (f) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.; (g) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (h) Lawesson's reagent, THF, reflux; (i) DCM, DEA, rt; (j) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (k) DCM/TFA, rt; (1) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (m) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    [0321] The compounds used in the reactions described herein are prepared according to organic synthesis techniques known to those skilled in this art, starting from commercially available chemicals and/or from compounds described in the chemical literature. “Commercially available chemicals” are obtained from standard commercial sources including Acros Organics (Pittsburgh, PA), Aldrich Chemical (Milwaukee, WI, including Sigma Chemical and Fluka), Apin Chemicals Ltd. (Milton Park, UK), Avocado Research (Lancashire, U.K.), BDH, Inc. (Toronto, Canada), Bionet (Cornwall, U.K.), Chem Service Inc. (West Chester, PA), Crescent Chemical Co. (Hauppauge, NY), Eastman Organic Chemicals, Eastman Kodak Company (Rochester, NY), Fisher Scientific Co. (Pittsburgh, PA), Fisons Chemicals (Leicestershire, UK), Frontier Scientific (Logan, UT), ICN Biomedicals, Inc. (Costa Mesa, CA), Key Organics (Cornwall, U.K.), Lancaster Synthesis (Windham, NH), Maybridge Chemical Co. Ltd. (Cornwall, U.K.), Parish Chemical Co. (Orem, UT), Pfaltz & Bauer, Inc. (Waterbury, CN), Polyorganix (Houston, TX), Pierce Chemical Co. (Rockford, IL), Riedel de Haen AG (Hanover, Germany), Spectrum Quality Product, Inc. (New Brunswick, NJ), TCI America (Portland, OR), Trans World Chemicals, Inc. (Rockville, MD), and Wako Chemicals USA, Inc. (Richmond, VA).

    [0322] Suitable reference books and treatises that detail the synthesis of reactants useful in the preparation of compounds described herein, or provide references to articles that describe the preparation, include for example, “Synthetic Organic Chemistry”, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York; S. R. Sandler et al., “Organic Functional Group Preparations,” 2nd Ed., Academic Press, New York, 1983; H. O. House, “Modern Synthetic Reactions”, 2nd Ed., W. A. Benjamin, Inc. Menlo Park, Calif. 1972; T. L. Gilchrist, “Heterocyclic Chemistry”, 2nd Ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1992; J. March, “Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms and Structure”, 4th Ed., Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1992. Additional suitable reference books and treatises that detail the synthesis of reactants useful in the preparation of compounds described herein, or provide references to articles that describe the preparation, include for example, Fuhrhop, J. and Penzlin G. “Organic Synthesis: Concepts, Methods, Starting Materials”, Second, Revised and Enlarged Edition (1994) John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 3-527-29074-5; Hoffman, R. V. “Organic Chemistry, An Intermediate Text” (1996) Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-509618-5; Larock, R. C. “Comprehensive Organic Transformations: A Guide to Functional Group Preparations” 2nd Edition (1999) Wiley-VCH, ISBN: 0-471-19031-4; March, J. “Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure” 4th Edition (1992) John Wiley & Sons, ISBN: 0-471-60180-2; Otera, J. (editor) “Modern Carbonyl Chemistry” (2000) Wiley-VCH, ISBN: 3-527-29871-1; Patai, S. “Patai's 1992 Guide to the Chemistry of Functional Groups” (1992) Interscience ISBN: 0-471-93022-9; Solomons, T. W. G. “Organic Chemistry” 7th Edition (2000) John Wiley & Sons, ISBN: 0-471-19095-0; Stowell, J. C., “Intermediate Organic Chemistry” 2nd Edition (1993) Wiley-Interscience, ISBN: 0-471-57456-2; “Industrial Organic Chemicals: Starting Materials and Intermediates: An Ullmann's Encyclopedia” (1999) John Wiley & Sons, ISBN: 3-527-29645-X, in 8 volumes; “Organic Reactions” (1942-2000) John Wiley & Sons, in over 55 volumes; and “Chemistry of Functional Groups” John Wiley & Sons, in 73 volumes.

    [0323] Specific and analogous reactants are optionally identified through the indices of known chemicals prepared by the Chemical Abstract Service of the American Chemical Society, which are available in most public and university libraries, as well as through on-line. Chemicals that are known but not commercially available in catalogs are optionally prepared by custom chemical synthesis houses, where many of the standard chemical supply houses (e.g., those listed above) provide custom synthesis services. A reference for the preparation and selection of pharmaceutical salts of the compounds described herein is P. H. Stahl & C. G. Wermuth “Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts”, Verlag Helvetica Chimica Acta, Zurich, 2002.

    Analytical Methods, Materials, and Instrumentation

    [0324] Unless otherwise noted, reagents and solvents were used as received from commercial suppliers. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were obtained on either Bruker or Varian spectrometers at 400 MHz. Spectra are given in ppm (δ) and coupling constants, J, are reported in Hertz. Tetramethylsilane (TMS) was used as an internal standard. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) were collected using a SHIMADZU LCMS-2020EV or Agilent 1260-6125B LCMS. Purity and low-resolution mass spectral data were measured using Agilent 1260-6125B LCMS system (with Diode Array Detector, and Agilent G6125BA Mass spectrometer) or using Waters Acquity UPLC system (with Diode Array Detector, and Waters 3100 Mass Detector). The purity was characterized by UV wavelength 214 nm, 220 nm, 254 nm and ESI. Column: poroshell 120 EC-C18 2.7 μm 4.6×100 mm; Flow rate 0.8 mL/min; Solvent A (100/0.1 water/formic acid), Solvent B (100 acetonitrile); gradient: hold 5% B to 0.3 min, 5-95% B from 0.3 to 2 min, hold 95% B to 4.8 min, 95-5% B from 4.8 to 5.4 min, then hold 5% B to 6.5 min. Or, column: Acquity UPLC BEH C18 1.7 μm 2.1×50 mm; Flow rate 0.5 mL/min; Solvent A (0.1% formic acid water), Solvent B (acetonitrile); gradient: hold 5% B for 0.2 min, 5-95% B from 0.2 to 2.0 min, hold 95% B to 3.1 min, then 5% B at 3.5 min.

    Biological Assays

    [0325] The biological activities of the compounds of the present application can be assessed with methods and assays known in the art.

    [0326] Evaluation of the activity of the inhibitors may be accomplished by fluorescence polarization (FP) experiments. A representative general protocol is the following:

    [0327] Fluorescence polarization (FP) experiments are performed in black round-bottom plates using the CLARIOstar microplate reader. To each well, fluorescein-labeled tracer and STAT5 or STAT6 protein are added in assay buffer. The polarization values indicating compound binding to STAT5 or STAT6 are measured at an excitation wavelength of 485 nm and an emission wavelength of 530 nm. The inhibition constants are determined as the concentration of the STAT5 or STAT6 at which 50% of the ligand is bound.

    Methods of Use

    [0328] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides methods of inhibiting a STAT5 and/or STAT6 protein in a subject or biological sample, comprising administering a compound desclosed herein to the subject or contacting a compound disclosed herein with the biological sample (e.g., in a therapeutically effective amount).

    [0329] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides methods of inhibiting a STAT5 protein in a subject or biological sample, comprising administering a compound desclosed herein to the subject or contacting a compound disclosed herein with the biological sample (e.g., in a therapeutically effective amount).

    [0330] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides methods of inhibiting a STAT6 protein in a subject or biological sample, comprising administering a compound desclosed herein to the subject or contacting a compound disclosed herein with the biological sample (e.g., in a therapeutically effective amount).

    [0331] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides uses of a compound disclosed herein in the manufacture of a medicament for inhibiting a STAT5 and/or STAT6 protein in a subject or biological sample.

    [0332] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides uses of a compound disclosed herein in the manufacture of a medicament for inhibiting a STAT5 protein in a subject or biological sample.

    [0333] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides uses of a compound disclosed herein in the manufacture of a medicament for inhibiting a STAT6 protein in a subject or biological sample.

    [0334] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides compounds disclosed herein for use in inhibiting a STAT5 and/or STAT6 protein in a subject or biological sample.

    [0335] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides compounds disclosed herein for use in inhibiting a STAT5 protein in a subject or biological sample.

    [0336] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides compounds disclosed herein for use in inhibiting a STAT6 protein in a subject or biological sample.

    [0337] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides methods of degrading a STAT5 and/or STAT6 protein in a subject or biological sample, comprising administering a compound desclosed herein to the subject or contacting a compound disclosed herein with the biological sample (e.g., in a therapeutically effective amount).

    [0338] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides methods of degrading a STAT5 protein in a subject or biological sample, comprising administering a compound desclosed herein to the subject or contacting a compound disclosed herein with the biological sample (e.g., in a therapeutically effective amount).

    [0339] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides methods of degrading a STAT6 protein in a subject or biological sample, comprising administering a compound desclosed herein to the subject or contacting a compound disclosed herein with the biological sample (e.g., in a therapeutically effective amount).

    [0340] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides uses of a compound disclosed herein in the manufacture of a medicament for degrading a STAT5 and/or STAT6 protein in a subject or biological sample.

    [0341] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides uses of a compound disclosed herein in the manufacture of a medicament for degrading a STAT5 protein in a subject or biological sample.

    [0342] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides uses of a compound disclosed herein in the manufacture of a medicament for degrading a STAT6 protein in a subject or biological sample.

    [0343] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides compounds disclosed herein for use in degrading a STAT5 and/or STAT6 protein in a subject or biological sample.

    [0344] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides compounds disclosed herein for use in degrading a STAT5 protein in a subject or biological sample.

    [0345] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides compounds disclosed herein for use in degrading a STAT6 protein in a subject or biological sample.

    [0346] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides methods of treating or preventing a disease or disorder in a subject, comprising administering a compound disclosed herein to the subject (e.g., in a therapeutically effective amount).

    [0347] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides uses of a compound disclosed herein in the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing a disease or disorder.

    [0348] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides compounds disclosed herein for use in treating or preventing a disease or disorder.

    [0349] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides methods of treating a disease or disorder in a patient, comprising administering a compound disclosed herein to the subject (e.g., in a therapeutically effective amount).

    [0350] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides uses of a compound disclosed herein in the manufacture of a medicament for treating a disease or disorder.

    [0351] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides compounds disclosed herein for use in treating a disease or disorder.

    [0352] In some embodiments, the disease or disorder is mediated by a STAT5 and/or STAT6 protein. In some embodiments, the disease or disorder is cancer.

    [0353] In some embodiments, the disease or disorder is mediated by a STAT5 protein. In some embodiments, the disease or disorder is cancer.

    [0354] In some embodiments, the disease or disorder is mediated by a STAT6 protein. In some embodiments, the disease or disorder is cancer.

    [0355] In certain embodiments, the disease or disorder is breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, liver cancer, hematological malignancies, T-cell lymphoma, acute leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia, solitary fibrous tumor, solid tumors, asthma, atopic dermatitis, eosinophilic esophagitis or food allergies.

    [0356] In certain embodiments, the subject is a mammal.

    [0357] In certain embodiments, the subject is a human.

    Definitions

    [0358] As used in the specification and appended claims, unless specified to the contrary, the following terms have the meaning indicated below.

    Chemical Definitions

    [0359] Definitions of specific functional groups and chemical terms are described in more detail below. The chemical elements are identified in accordance with the Periodic Table of the Elements, CAS version, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 75.sup.th Ed., inside cover, and specific functional groups are generally defined as described therein. Additionally, general principles of organic chemistry, as well as specific functional moieties and reactivity, are described in Thomas Sorrell, Organic Chemistry, University Science Books, Sausalito, 1999; Smith and March, March's Advanced Organic Chemistry, 5′ Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 2001; Larock, Comprehensive Organic Transformations, VCH Publishers, Inc., New York, 1989; and Carruthers, Some Modern Methods of Organic Synthesis, 3.sup.rd Edition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1987.

    [0360] Compounds described herein can comprise one or more asymmetric centers, and thus can exist in various isomeric forms, e.g., enantiomers and/or diastereomers. For example, the compounds described herein can be in the form of an individual enantiomer, diastereomer or geometric isomer, or can be in the form of a mixture of stereoisomers, including racemic mixtures and mixtures enriched in one or more stereoisomer. Isomers can be isolated from mixtures by methods known to those skilled in the art, including chiral high pressure liquid chromatography (HPFC) and the formation and crystallization of chiral salts; or preferred isomers can be prepared by asymmetric syntheses. See, for example, Jacques et al., Enantiomers, Racemates and Resolutions (Wiley Interscience, New York, 1981); Wilen et al., Tetrahedron 33:2725 (1977); Eliel, Stereochemistry of Carbon Compounds (McGraw-Hill, N Y, 1962); and Wilen, Tables of Resolving Agents and Optical Resolutions p. 268 (E. F. Eliel, Ed., Univ. of Notre Dame Press, Notre Dame, I N 1972).

    [0361] The invention additionally encompasses compounds described herein as individual isomers substantially free of other isomers, and alternatively, as mixtures of various isomers.

    [0362] When a range of values is listed, it is intended to encompass each value and sub-range within the range. For example, “C.sub.1-6 alkyl” is intended to encompass, C.sub.1, C.sub.2, C.sub.3, C.sub.4, C.sub.5, C.sub.6, C.sub.1-6, C.sub.1-5, C.sub.1-4, C.sub.1-3, C.sub.1-2, C.sub.2-6, C.sub.2-5, C.sub.2-4, C.sub.2-3, C.sub.3-6, C.sub.3-5, C.sub.3-4, C.sub.4-6, C.sub.4-5, and C.sub.5-6 alkyl.

    [0363] The following terms are intended to have the meanings presented therewith below and are useful in understanding the description and intended scope of the present invention. When describing the invention, which may include compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and methods of using such compounds and compositions, the following terms, if present, have the following meanings unless otherwise indicated. It should also be understood that when described herein any of the moieties defined forth below may be substituted with a variety of substituents, and that the respective definitions are intended to include such substituted moieties within their scope as set out below. Unless otherwise stated, the term “substituted” is to be defined as set out below. It should be further understood that the terms “groups” and “radicals” can be considered interchangeable when used herein. The articles “a” and “an” may be used herein to refer to one or to more than one (i.e., at least one) of the grammatical objects of the article. By way of example “an analogue” means one analogue or more than one analogue.

    [0364] “Alkyl” as used herein, refers to a radical of a straight-chain or branched saturated hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms (“C.sub.1-20 alkyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 to 12 carbon atoms (“C.sub.1-12 alkyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 to 10 carbon atoms (“C.sub.1-10 alkyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 to 9 carbon atoms (“C.sub.1-9 alkyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 to 8 carbon atoms (“C.sub.1-8 alkyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 to 7 carbon atoms (“C.sub.1-7 alkyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 to 6 carbon atoms (“C.sub.1-6 alkyl”, which is also referred to herein as “lower alkyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 to 5 carbon atoms (“C.sub.1-5 alkyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 to 4 carbon atoms (“C.sub.1-4 alkyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 to 3 carbon atoms (“C.sub.1-3 alkyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 to 2 carbon atoms (“C.sub.1-2 alkyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 carbon atom (“C.sub.1 alkyl”). Examples of C.sub.1-6 alkyl groups include methyl (C.sub.1), ethyl (C.sub.2), n-propyl (C.sub.3), isopropyl (C.sub.3), n-butyl (C.sub.4), tert-butyl (C.sub.4), sec-butyl (C.sub.4), isobutyl (C.sub.4), n-pentyl (C.sub.5), 3-pentanyl (C.sub.5), amyl (C.sub.5), neopentyl (C.sub.5), 3-methyl-2-butanyl (C.sub.5), tertiary amyl (C.sub.5), and n-hexyl (C.sub.6). Additional examples of alkyl groups include n-heptyl (C.sub.7), n-octyl (C.sub.8) and the like. Unless otherwise specified, each instance of an alkyl group is independently optionally substituted, i.e., unsubstituted (an “unsubstituted alkyl”) or substituted (a “substituted alkyl”) with one or more substituents; e.g., for instance from 1 to 5 substituents, 1 to 3 substituents, or 1 substituent. In certain embodiments, the alkyl group is unsubstituted C.sub.1-10 alkyl (e.g., —CH.sub.3). In certain embodiments, the alkyl group is substituted C.sub.1-10 alkyl. Common alkyl abbreviations include Me (—CH.sub.3), Et (—CH.sub.2CH.sub.3), i-Pr (—CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2), n-Pr (—CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.3), n-Bu (—CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.3), or i-Bu (—CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2).

    [0365] “Alkylene” as used herein, refers to an alkyl group wherein two hydrogens are removed to provide a divalent radical. When a range or number of carbons is provided for a particular “alkylene” group, it is understood that the range or number refers to the range or number of carbons in the linear carbon divalent chain. An “alkelene” group may be substituted or unsubstituted with one or more substituents as described herein. Exemplary unsubstituted divalent alkylene groups include, but are not limited to, methylene (—CH.sub.2—), ethylene (—CH.sub.2CH.sub.2—), propylene (—CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2—), butylene (—CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2—), pentylene (—CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2—), hexylene (—CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2—), and the like. Exemplary substituted divalent alkylene groups, e.g., substituted with one or more alkyl (methyl) groups, include but are not limited to, substituted methylene (—CH(CH.sub.3)—, (—C(CH.sub.3).sub.2—), substituted ethylene (—CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2—, —CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)—, —C(CH.sub.3).sub.2CH.sub.2—, —CH.sub.2C(CH.sub.3).sub.2—), substituted propylene (—CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2CH.sub.2—, —CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2—, —CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)—, —C(CH.sub.3).sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2—, —CH.sub.2C(CH3).sub.2CH.sub.2—, —CH.sub.2CH.sub.2C(CH.sub.3).sub.2—), and the like.

    [0366] “Alkenyl” as used herein, refers to a radical of a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon group having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, one or more carbon-carbon double bonds (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4 carbon-carbon double bonds), and optionally one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4 carbon-carbon triple bonds) (“C.sub.2-20 alkenyl”). In certain embodiments, alkenyl does not contain any triple bonds. In certain embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 to 10 carbon atoms (“C.sub.2-10 alkenyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 to 9 carbon atoms (“C.sub.2-9 alkenyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 to 8 carbon atoms (“C.sub.2-8 alkenyl”).

    [0367] In certain embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 to 7 carbon atoms (“C.sub.2-7 alkenyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 to 6 carbon atoms (“C.sub.2-6 alkenyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 to 5 carbon atoms (“C.sub.2-5 alkenyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 to 4 carbon atoms (“C.sub.2-4 alkenyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 to 3 carbon atoms (“C.sub.2-3 alkenyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 carbon atoms (“C.sub.2 alkenyl”). The one or more carbon-carbon double bonds can be internal (such as in 2-butenyl) or terminal (such as in 1-butenyl). Examples of C.sub.2-4 alkenyl groups include ethenyl (C.sub.2), 1-propenyl (C.sub.3), 2-propenyl (C.sub.3), 1-butenyl (C.sub.4), 2-butenyl (C.sub.4), butadienyl (C.sub.4), and the like. Examples of C.sub.2-6 alkenyl groups include the aforementioned C.sub.2-4 alkenyl groups as well as pentenyl (C.sub.5), pentadienyl (C.sub.5), hexenyl (C.sub.6), and the like. Additional examples of alkenyl include heptenyl (C.sub.7), octenyl (C.sub.8), octatrienyl (C.sub.8), and the like. Unless otherwise specified, each instance of an alkenyl group is independently optionally substituted, i.e., unsubstituted (an “unsubstituted alkenyl”) or substituted (a “substituted alkenyl”) with one or more substituents e.g., for instance from 1 to 5 substituents, 1 to 3 substituents, or 1 substituent. In certain embodiments, the alkenyl group is unsubstituted C.sub.2-10 alkenyl. In certain embodiments, the alkenyl group is substituted C.sub.2-10 alkenyl.

    [0368] “Alkenylene” as used herein, refers to an alkenyl group wherein two hydrogens are removed to provide a divalent radical. When a range or number of carbons is provided for a particular “alkenylene” group, it is understood that the range or number refers to the range or number of carbons in the linear carbon divalent chain. An “alkenylene” group may be substituted or unsubstituted with one or more substituents as described herein. Exemplary unsubstituted divalent alkenylene groups include, but are not limited to, ethenylene (—CH═CH—) and propenylene (e.g., —CH═CHCH.sub.2—, —CH.sub.2—CH═CH—). Exemplary substituted divalent alkenylene groups, e.g., substituted with one or more alkyl (methyl) groups, include but are not limited to, substituted ethylene (—C(CH.sub.3)═CH—, —CH═C(CH.sub.3)—), substituted propylene (e.g., —C(CH.sub.3)═CHCH.sub.2—, —CH═C(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2—, —CH═CHCH(CH.sub.3)—, —CH═CHC(CH.sub.3).sub.2—, —CH(CH.sub.3)—CH═CH—, —C(CH.sub.3).sub.2—CH═CH—, —CH.sub.2—C(CH.sub.3)═CH—, —CH.sub.2—CH═C(CH.sub.3)—), and the like.

    [0369] “Alkynyl” as used herein, refers to a radical of a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon group having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4 carbon-carbon triple bonds), and optionally one or more carbon-carbon double bonds (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4 carbon-carbon double bonds) (“C.sub.2-20 alkynyl”). In certain embodiments, alkynyl does not contain any double bonds. In certain embodiments, an alkynyl group has 2 to 10 carbon atoms (“C.sub.2-10 alkynyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkynyl group has 2 to 9 carbon atoms (“C.sub.2-9 alkynyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkynyl group has 2 to 8 carbon atoms (“C.sub.2 -8 alkynyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkynyl group has 2 to 7 carbon atoms (“C.sub.2-7 alkynyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkynyl group has 2 to 6 carbon atoms (“C.sub.2-6 alkynyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkynyl group has 2 to 5 carbon atoms (“C.sub.2-5 alkynyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkynyl group has 2 to 4 carbon atoms (“C.sub.2-4 alkynyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkynyl group has 2 to 3 carbon atoms (“C.sub.2-3 alkynyl”). In certain embodiments, an alkynyl group has 2 carbon atoms (“C.sub.2 alkynyl”). The one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds can be internal (such as in 2-butynyl) or terminal (such as in 1-butynyl). Examples of C.sub.2-4 alkynyl groups include, without limitation, ethynyl (C.sub.2), 1-propynyl (C.sub.3), 2-propynyl (C.sub.3), 1-butynyl (C.sub.4), 2-butynyl (C.sub.4), and the like. Examples of C.sub.2-6 alkenyl groups include the aforementioned C.sub.2-4 alkynyl groups as well as pentynyl (C.sub.5), hexynyl (C.sub.6), and the like. Additional examples of alkynyl include heptynyl (C.sub.7), octynyl (C.sub.8), and the like. Unless otherwise specified, each instance of an alkynyl group is independently optionally substituted, i.e., unsubstituted (an “unsubstituted alkynyl”) or substituted (a “substituted alkynyl”) with one or more substituents; e.g., for instance from 1 to 5 substituents, 1 to 3 substituents, or 1 substituent. In certain embodiments, the alkynyl group is unsubstituted C.sub.2-10 alkynyl. In certain embodiments, the alkynyl group is substituted C.sub.2-10 alkynyl.

    [0370] “Alkynylene” as used herein, refers to a linear alkynyl group wherein two hydrogens are removed to provide a divalent radical. When a range or number of carbons is provided for a particular “alkynylene” group, it is understood that the range or number refers to the range or number of carbons in the linear carbon divalent chain. An “alkynylene” group may be substituted or unsubstituted with one or more substituents as described herein. Exemplary divalent alkynylene groups include, but are not limited to, substituted or unsubstituted ethynylene, substituted or unsubstituted propynylene, and the like.

    [0371] The term “heteroalkyl,” as used herein, refers to an alkyl group, as defined herein, which further comprises 1 or more (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4) heteroatoms (e.g., oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, boron, silicon, phosphorus) within the parent chain, wherein the one or more heteroatoms is inserted between adjacent carbon atoms within the parent carbon chain and/or one or more heteroatoms is inserted between a carbon atom and the parent molecule, i.e., between the point of attachment. In certain embodiments, a heteroalkyl group refers to a saturated group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.1-10 alkyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkyl group is a saturated group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.1-9 alkyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkyl group is a saturated group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.1-8 alkyl”).

    [0372] In certain embodiments, a heteroalkyl group is a saturated group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.1-7 alkyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkyl group is a group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and 1, 2, or 3 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.1-6 alkyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkyl group is a saturated group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms and 1 or 2 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.1-5 alkyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkyl group is a saturated group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and/or 2 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.1-4 alkyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkyl group is a saturated group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and 1 heteroatom (“heteroC.sub.1-3 alkyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkyl group is a saturated group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms and 1 heteroatom (“heteroC.sub.1-2 alkyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkyl group is a saturated group having 1 carbon atom and 1 heteroatom (“heteroC.sub.1 alkyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkyl group is a saturated group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and 1 or 2 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.2-6 alkyl”). Unless otherwise specified, each instance of a heteroalkyl group is independently unsubstituted (an “unsubstituted heteroalkyl”) or substituted (a “substituted heteroalkyl”) with one or more substituents. In certain embodiments, the heteroalkyl group is an unsubstituted heteroC.sub.1-10 alkyl. In certain embodiments, the heteroalkyl group is a substituted heteroC.sub.1-10 alkyl.

    [0373] The term “heteroalkenyl,” as used herein, refers to an alkenyl group, as defined herein, which further comprises one or more (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4) heteroatoms (e.g., oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, boron, silicon, phosphorus) wherein the one or more heteroatoms is inserted between adjacent carbon atoms within the parent carbon chain and/or one or more heteroatoms is inserted between a carbon atom and the parent molecule, i.e., between the point of attachment. In certain embodiments, a heteroalkenyl group refers to a group having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, at least one double bond, and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.2-10 alkenyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkenyl group has 2 to 9 carbon atoms at least one double bond, and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.2-9 alkenyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkenyl group has 2 to 8 carbon atoms, at least one double bond, and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.2-10 alkenyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkenyl group has 2 to 7 carbon atoms, at least one double bond, and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.2-7 alkenyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkenyl group has 2 to 6 carbon atoms, at least one double bond, and 1, 2, or 3 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.2-6 alkenyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkenyl group has 2 to 5 carbon atoms, at least one double bond, and 1 or 2 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.2-5 alkenyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkenyl group has 2 to 4 carbon atoms, at least one double bond, and 1 or 2 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.2-4 alkenyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkenyl group has 2 to 3 carbon atoms, at least one double bond, and 1 heteroatom (“heteroC.sub.2-3 alkenyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkenyl group has 2 to 6 carbon atoms, at least one double bond, and 1 or 2 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.2-6 alkenyl”). Unless otherwise specified, each instance of a heteroalkenyl group is independently unsubstituted (an “unsubstituted heteroalkenyl”) or substituted (a “substituted heteroalkenyl”) with one or more substituents. In certain embodiments, the heteroalkenyl group is an unsubstituted heteroC.sub.2-10 alkenyl. In certain embodiments, the heteroalkenyl group is a substituted heteroC.sub.2-10 alkenyl.

    [0374] The term “heteroalkynyl,” as used herein, refers to an alkynyl group, as defined herein, which further comprises one or more (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4) heteroatoms (e.g., oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, boron, silicon, phosphorus) wherein the one or more heteroatoms is inserted between adjacent carbon atoms within the parent carbon chain and/or one or more heteroatoms are inserted between a carbon atom and the parent molecule, i.e., between the point of attachment. In certain embodiments, a heteroalkynyl group refers to a group having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, at least one triple bond, and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.2-10 alkynyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkynyl group has 2 to 9 carbon atoms, at least one triple bond, and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.2-9 alkynyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkynyl group has 2 to 8 carbon atoms, at least one triple bond, and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.2-8 alkynyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkynyl group has 2 to 7 carbon atoms, at least one triple bond, and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.2-7 alkynyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkynyl group has 2 to 6 carbon atoms, at least one triple bond, and 1, 2, or 3 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.2-6 alkynyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkynyl group has 2 to 5 carbon atoms, at least one triple bond, and 1 or 2 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.2-5 alkynyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkynyl group has 2 to 4 carbon atoms, at least one triple bond, and 1 or 2 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.2-4 alkynyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkynyl group has 2 to 3 carbon atoms, at least one triple bond, and 1 heteroatom (“heteroC.sub.2-3 alkynyl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroalkynyl group has 2 to 6 carbon atoms, at least one triple bond, and 1 or 2 heteroatoms (“heteroC.sub.2-6 alkynyl”). Unless otherwise specified, each instance of a heteroalkynyl group is independently unsubstituted (an “unsubstituted heteroalkynyl”) or substituted (a “substituted heteroalkynyl”) with one or more substituents. In certain embodiments, the heteroalkynyl group is an unsubstituted heteroC.sub.2-10 alkynyl. In certain embodiments, the heteroalkynyl group is a substituted heteroC.sub.2-10 alkynyl.

    [0375] Analogous to “alkylene,” “alkenylene,” and “alkynylene” as defined above, “heteroalkylene,” “heteroalkenylene,” and “heteroalkynylene,” as used herein, refer to a divalent radical of heteroalkyl, heteroalkenyl, and heteroalkynyl group respectively. When a range or number of carbons is provided for a particular “heteroalkylene,” “heteroalkenylene,” or “heteroalkynylene,” group, it is understood that the range or number refers to the range or number of carbons in the linear divalent chain. “Heteroalkylene,” “heteroalkenylene,” and “heteroalkynylene” groups may be substituted or unsubstituted with one or more substituents as described herein.

    [0376] “Aryl” refers to a radical of a monocyclic or polycyclic (e.g., bicyclic or tricyclic) 4n+2 aromatic ring system (e.g., having 6, 10, or 14 π electrons shared in a cyclic array) having 6-14 ring carbon atoms and zero heteroatoms provided in the aromatic ring system (“C.sub.6-14 aryl”). In some embodiments, an aryl group has six ring carbon atoms (“C.sub.6 aryl”; e.g., phenyl). In some embodiments, an aryl group has ten ring carbon atoms (“C.sub.10 aryl”; e.g., naphthyl such as 1-naphthyl and 2-naphthyl). In some embodiments, an aryl group has fourteen ring carbon atoms (“C.sub.14 aryl”; e.g., anthracyl).

    [0377] Typical aryl groups include, but are not limited to, groups derived from aceanthrylene, acenaphthylene, acephenanthrylene, anthracene, azulene, benzene, chrysene, coronene, fluoranthene, fluorene, hexacene, hexaphene, hexalene, as-indacene, s-indacene, indane, indene, naphthalene, octacene, octaphene, octalene, ovalene, penta-2,4-diene, pentacene, pentalene, pentaphene, perylene, phenalene, phenanthrene, picene, pleiadene, pyrene, pyranthrene, rubicene, triphenylene, and trinaphthalene. Particular aryl groups include phenyl, naphthyl, indenyl, and tetrahydronaphthyl. Unless otherwise specified, each instance of an aryl group is independently optionally substituted, i.e., unsubstituted (an “unsubstituted aryl”) or substituted (a “substituted aryl”) with one or more substituents. In certain embodiments, the aryl group is unsubstituted C.sub.6-14 aryl. In certain embodiments, the aryl group is substituted C.sub.6-14 aryl.

    [0378] “Arylene” as used herein, refers to an aryl group wherein two hydrogens are removed to provide a divalent radical. When a range or number of carbons is provided for a particular “arylene” group, it is understood that the range or number refers to the range or number of carbons in the aryl group. An “arylene” group may be substituted or unsubstituted with one or more substituents as described herein.

    [0379] “Heteroaryl” refers to a radical of a 5- to 14-membered monocyclic or polycyclic 4n+2 aromatic ring system (e.g., having 6, 10, or 14 π electrons shared in a cyclic array) having ring carbon atoms and 1-8 ring heteroatoms provided in the aromatic ring system, wherein each heteroatom is independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur (“5- to 14-membered heteroaryl”). In heteroaryl groups that contain one or more nitrogen atoms, the point of attachment can be a carbon or nitrogen atom, as valency permits. Heteroaryl bicyclic ring systems can include one or more heteroatoms in one or both rings.

    [0380] “Heteroaryl” also includes ring systems wherein the heteroaryl group, as defined above, is fused with one or more aryl groups wherein the point of attachment is either on the heteroaryl or the one or more aryl groups, and in such instances, the number of ring members designates the total number of ring members in the fused (aryl/heteroaryl) ring system. When substitution is indicated in such instances, unless otherwise specified, substitution can occur on either the heteroaryl or the one or more aryl groups. Bicyclic heteroaryl groups wherein one ring does not contain a heteroatom (e.g., indolyl, quinolinyl, carbazolyl, and the like) the point of attachment can be on either ring, i.e., either the ring bearing a heteroatom (e.g., 2-indolyl) or the ring that does not contain a heteroatom (e.g., 5-indolyl).

    [0381] In certain embodiments, a heteroaryl is a 5- to 10-membered aromatic ring system having ring carbon atoms and 1-4 ring heteroatoms provided in the aromatic ring system, wherein each heteroatom is independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur (“5- to 10-membered heteroaryl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroaryl is a 5- to 9-membered aromatic ring system having ring carbon atoms and 1-4 ring heteroatoms provided in the aromatic ring system, wherein each heteroatom is independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur (“5- to 9-membered heteroaryl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroaryl is a 5- to 8-membered aromatic ring system having ring carbon atoms and 1-4 ring heteroatoms provided in the aromatic ring system, wherein each heteroatom is independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur (“5- to 8-membered heteroaryl”). In certain embodiments, a heteroaryl group is a 5- to 6-membered aromatic ring system having ring carbon atoms and 1-4 ring heteroatoms provided in the aromatic ring system, wherein each heteroatom is independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur (“5- to 6-membered heteroaryl”). In certain embodiments, the 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl has 1-3 ring heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. In certain embodiments, the 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl has 1-2 ring heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. In certain embodiments, the 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl has 1 ring heteroatom selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. Unless otherwise specified, each instance of a heteroaryl group is independently optionally substituted, i.e., unsubstituted (an “unsubstituted heteroaryl”) or substituted (a “substituted heteroaryl”) with one or more substituents. In certain embodiments, the heteroaryl group is unsubstituted 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl. In certain embodiments, the heteroaryl group is substituted 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl.

    [0382] Exemplary 5-membered heteroaryl containing one heteroatom include, without limitation, pyrrolyl, furanyl and thiophenyl. Exemplary 5-membered heteroaryl containing two heteroatoms include, without limitation, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, and isothiazolyl. Exemplary 5-membered heteroaryl containing three heteroatoms include, without limitation, triazolyl, oxadiazolyl, and thiadiazolyl. Exemplary 5-membered heteroaryl containing four heteroatoms include, without limitation, tetrazolyl. Exemplary 6-membered heteroaryl containing one heteroatom include, without limitation, pyridinyl. Exemplary 6-membered heteroaryl containing two heteroatoms include, without limitation, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, and pyrazinyl. Exemplary 6-membered heteroaryl containing three or four heteroatoms include, without limitation, triazinyl and tetrazinyl, respectively. Exemplary 7-membered heteroaryl containing one heteroatom include, without limitation, azepinyl, oxepinyl, and thiepinyl. Exemplary 5,6-bicyclic heteroaryl include, without limitation, indolyl, isoindolyl, indazolyl, benzotriazolyl, benzothiophenyl, isobenzothiophenyl, benzofuranyl, benzoisofuranyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, benzthiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzthiadiazolyl, indolizinyl, and purinyl. Exemplary 6,6-bicyclic heteroaryl include, without limitation, naphthyridinyl, pteridinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, cinnolinyl, quinoxalinyl, phthalazinyl, and quinazolinyl.

    [0383] “Heteroarylene” as used herein, refers to a heteroaryl group wherein two hydrogens are removed to provide a divalent radical. When a range or number of ring members is provided for a particular “heteroarylene” group, it is understood that the range or number refers to the number of ring members in the heteroaryl group. A “heteroarylene” group may be substituted or unsubstituted with one or more substituents as described herein.

    [0384] “Carbocyclyl” refers to a radical of a non-aromatic cyclic hydrocarbon group having from 3 to 12 ring carbon atoms (“C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl”) and zero heteroatoms in the nonaromatic ring system. In certain embodiments, a carbocyclyl group has 3 to 10 ring carbon atoms (“C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl”). In certain embodiments, a carbocyclyl group has 3 to 8 ring carbon atoms (“C.sub.3-8 carbocyclyl”). In certain embodiments, a carbocyclyl group has 3 to 6 ring carbon atoms (“C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl”). In certain embodiments, a carbocyclyl group has 5 to 12 ring carbon atoms (“C.sub.5-12 carbocyclyl”). In certain embodiments, a carbocyclyl group has 5 to 10 ring carbon atoms (“C.sub.5-10 carbocyclyl”). In certain embodiments, a carbocyclyl group has 5 to 8 ring carbon atoms (“C.sub.5-8 carbocyclyl”). In certain embodiments, a carbocyclyl group has 5 or 6 ring carbon atoms (“C.sub.5-6 carbocyclyl”). Exemplary C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl include, without limitation, cyclopropyl (C.sub.3), cyclopropenyl (C.sub.3), cyclobutyl (C.sub.4), cyclobutenyl (C.sub.4), cyclopentyl (C.sub.5), cyclopentenyl (C.sub.5), cyclohexyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexenyl (C.sub.6), cyclohexadienyl (C.sub.6), and the like. Exemplary C.sub.3-8 carbocyclyl include, without limitation, the aforementioned C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl groups as well as cycloheptyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptenyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptadienyl (C.sub.7), cycloheptatrienyl (C.sub.7), cyclooctyl (C.sub.8), cyclooctenyl (C.sub.8), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl (C.sub.7), bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl (C.sub.8), and the like. Exemplary C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl include, without limitation, the aforementioned C.sub.3-8 carbocyclyl groups as well as cyclononyl (C.sub.9), cyclononenyl (C.sub.9), cyclodecyl (C.sub.10), cyclodecenyl (C.sub.10), octahydro-1H-indenyl (C.sub.9), decahydronaphthalenyl (C.sub.10), spiro[4.5]decanyl (C.sub.10), and the like.

    [0385] In certain embodiments, “carbocyclyl” is a monocyclic, saturated carbocyclyl group having from 3 to 12 ring carbon atoms (“C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl”). In certain embodiments, “carbocyclyl” is a monocyclic, saturated carbocyclyl group having from 3 to 10 ring carbon atoms (“C.sub.3-10 carbocyclyl”). In certain embodiments, “carbocyclyl” is a monocyclic, saturated carbocyclyl group having from 3 to 8 ring carbon atoms (“C.sub.3-8 carbocyclyl”). In certain embodiments, “carbocyclyl” is a monocyclic, saturated carbocyclyl group having from 3 to 6 ring carbon atoms (“C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl”). In certain embodiments, “carbocyclyl” is a monocyclic, saturated carbocyclyl group having from 5 to 12 ring carbon atoms (“C.sub.5-12 carbocyclyl”). In certain embodiments, a carbocyclyl group has 5 to 10 ring carbon atoms (“C.sub.5-10 carbocyclyl”). In certain embodiments, a carbocyclyl group has 5 to 8 ring carbon atoms (“C.sub.5-8 carbocyclyl”). In certain embodiments, “carbocyclyl” is a monocyclic, saturated carbocyclyl group having 5 or 6 ring carbon atoms (“C.sub.5-6 carbocyclyl”). Examples of C.sub.5-6 carbocyclyl include cyclopentyl (C.sub.5) and cyclohexyl (C.sub.5). Examples of C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl include the aforementioned C.sub.5-6 carbocyclyl groups as well as cyclopropyl (C.sub.3) and cyclobutyl (C.sub.4). Examples of C.sub.3-8 carbocyclyl include the aforementioned C.sub.3-6 carbocyclyl groups as well as cycloheptyl (C.sub.7) and cyclooctyl (C.sub.8). Unless otherwise specified, each instance of a carbocyclyl group is independently unsubstituted (an “unsubstituted carbocyclyl”) or substituted (a “substituted carbocyclyl”) with one or more substituents. In certain embodiments, the carbocyclyl group is unsubstituted C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl. In certain embodiments, the carbocyclyl group is substituted C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl.

    [0386] As the foregoing examples illustrate, in certain embodiments, the carbocyclyl group is either monocyclic (“monocyclic carbocyclyl”) or polycyclic (“polycyclic carbocyclyl”) that contains a fused, bridged or spiro ring system and can be saturated or can be partially unsaturated. Unless otherwise specified, each instance of a carbocyclyl group is independently optionally substituted, i.e., unsubstituted (an “unsubstituted carbocyclyl”) or substituted (a “substituted carbocyclyl”) with one or more substituents. In certain embodiments, the carbocyclyl group is unsubstituted C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl. In certain embodiments, the carbocyclyl group is a substituted C.sub.3-12 carbocyclyl.

    [0387] “Fused carbocyclyl” or “fused carbocycle” refers to ring systems wherein the carbocyclyl group, as defined above, is fused with, i.e., share two common atoms (as such, share one common bond), one or more carbocyclyl groups, as defined above, wherein the point of attachment is on any of the fused rings. In such instances, the number of carbons designates the total number of carbons in the fused ring system. When substitution is indicated, unless otherwise specified, substitution can occur on any of the fused rings.

    [0388] “Spiro carbocyclyl” or “spiro carbocycle” refers to ring systems wherein the carbocyclyl group, as defined above, form spiro structure with, i.e., share one common atom with, one or more carbocyclyl groups, as defined above, wherein the point of attachment is on the carbocyclyl rings in which the spiro structure is embedded. In such instances, the number of carbons designates the total number of carbons of the carbocyclyl rings in which the spiro structure is embedded. When substitution is indicated, unless otherwise specified, substitution can occur on the carbocyclyl rings in which the spiro structure is embedded.

    [0389] “Bridged carbocyclyl” or or “bridged carbocycle” refers to ring systems wherein the carbocyclyl group, as defined above, form bridged structure with, i.e., share more than two atoms (as such, share more than one bonds) with, one or more carbocyclyl groups, as defined above, wherein the point of attachment is on any of the carbocyclyl rings in which the bridged structure is embedded. In such instances, the number of carbons designates the total number of carbons of the carbocyclyl rings in which the bridged structure is embedded. When substitution is indicated, unless otherwise specified, substitution can occur on any of the carbocyclyl rings in which the bridged structure is embedded.

    [0390] “Carbocyclylene” as used herein, refers to a carbocyclyl group wherein two hydrogens are removed to provide a divalent radical. The divalent radical may be present on different atoms or the same atom of the carbocyclylene group. When a range or number of carbons is provided for a particular “carbocyclyl” group, it is understood that the range or number refers to the range or number of carbons in the carbocyclyl group. A “carbocyclyl” group may be substituted or unsubstituted with one or more substituents as described herein.

    [0391] “Heterocyclyl” refers to a radical of a 3- to 12-membered non-aromatic ring system having ring carbon atoms and 1 to 4 ring heteroatoms, wherein each heteroatom is independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, boron, phosphorus, and silicon (“3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl”). In heterocyclyl groups that contain one or more nitrogen atoms, the point of attachment can be a carbon or nitrogen atom, as valency permits. Exemplary 3-membered heterocyclyl groups containing one heteroatom include, without limitation, azirdinyl, oxiranyl, thiorenyl. Exemplary 4-membered heterocyclyl groups containing one heteroatom include, without limitation, azetidinyl, oxetanyl and thietanyl. Exemplary 5membered heterocyclyl groups containing one heteroatom include, without limitation, tetrahydrofuranyl, dihydrofuranyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl, dihydrothiophenyl, pyrrolidinyl, dihydropyrrolyl and pyrrolyl-2,5-dione. Exemplary 5-membered heterocyclyl groups containing two heteroatoms include, without limitation, dioxolanyl, oxasulfuranyl, disulfuranyl, and oxazolidin-2-one. Exemplary 5-membered heterocyclyl groups containing three heteroatoms include, without limitation, triazolinyl, oxadiazolinyl, and thiadiazolinyl. Exemplary 6-membered heterocyclyl groups containing one heteroatom include, without limitation, piperidinyl, tetrahydropyranyl, dihydropyridinyl, and thianyl. Exemplary 6-membered heterocyclyl groups containing two heteroatoms include, without limitation, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, dithianyl, dioxanyl. Exemplary 6-membered heterocyclyl groups containing two heteroatoms include, without limitation, triazinanyl. Exemplary 7-membered heterocyclyl groups containing one heteroatom include, without limitation, azepanyl, oxepanyl and thiepanyl. Exemplary 8-membered heterocyclyl groups containing one heteroatom include, without limitation, azocanyl, oxecanyl and thiocanyl. Exemplary 5-membered heterocyclyl groups fused to a C.sub.6 aryl ring (also referred to herein as a 5,6-bicyclic heterocyclic ring) include, without limitation, indolinyl, isoindolinyl, dihydrobenzofuranyl, dihydrobenzothienyl, benzoxazolinonyl, and the like. Exemplary 6-membered heterocyclyl groups fused to an aryl ring (also referred to herein as a 6,6-bicyclic heterocyclic ring) include, without limitation, tetrahydroquinolinyl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, and the like.

    [0392] In certain embodiments, a heterocyclyl group is a 5- to 12-membered non-aromatic ring system having ring carbon atoms and 1-4 ring heteroatoms, wherein each heteroatom is independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, boron, phosphorus, and silicon (“5- to 12-membered heterocyclyl”). In certain embodiments, a heterocyclyl group is a 5- to 10-membered non-aromatic ring system having ring carbon atoms and 1-4 ring heteroatoms, wherein each heteroatom is independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, boron, phosphorus, and silicon (“5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl”). In certain embodiments, a heterocyclyl group is a 5- to 8-membered non-aromatic ring system having ring carbon atoms and 1-4 ring heteroatoms, wherein each heteroatom is independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur (“5- to 8-membered heterocyclyl”). In certain embodiments, a heterocyclyl group is a 5- to 6-membered non-aromatic ring system having ring carbon atoms and 1-4 ring heteroatoms, wherein each heteroatom is independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur (“5- to 6-membered heterocyclyl”). In certain embodiments, the 5- to 6-membered heterocyclyl has 1-3 ring heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. In certain embodiments, the 5- to 6-membered heterocyclyl has 1-2 ring heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. In certain embodiments, the 5- to 6-membered heterocyclyl has one ring heteroatom selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur.

    [0393] As the foregoing examples illustrate, in certain embodiments, a heterocyclyl group can either be monocyclic (“monocyclic heterocyclyl”) or polycyclic (“polycyclic heterocyclyl”) that contains a fused, bridged or spiro ring system, and can be saturated or can be partially unsaturated. Heterocyclyl polycyclic ring systems can include one or more heteroatoms in one or both rings. “Heterocyclyl” also includes ring systems wherein the heterocyclyl group, as defined above, is fused with one or more carbocyclyl groups wherein the point of attachment is either on the carbocyclyl or heterocyclyl ring, and in such instances, the number of ring members designates the total number of ring members in the entire ring system. When substitution is indicated in such instances, unless otherwise specified, substitution can occur on either the heterocyclyl or the one or more carbocyclyl groups. Unless otherwise specified, each instance of heterocyclyl is independently optionally substituted, i.e., unsubstituted (an “unsubstituted heterocyclyl”) or substituted (a “substituted heterocyclyl”) with one or more substituents. In certain embodiments, the heterocyclyl group is unsubstituted 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl. In certain embodiments, the heterocyclyl group is substituted 3- to 12-membered heterocyclyl.

    [0394] “Fused heterocyclyl” or “fused heterocycle” refers to ring systems wherein the heterocyclyl group, as defined above, is fused with, i.e., share two common atoms (as such, share one common bond) with, one or more heterocyclyl or carbocyclyl groups, as defined above, wherein the point of attachment is on any of the fused rings. In such instances, the number of ring members designates the total number of ring members in the fused ring system. When substitution is indicated, unless otherwise specified, substitution can occur on any of the fused rings.

    [0395] “Spiro heterocyclyl” or “spiro heterocycle” refers to ring systems wherein the heterocyclyl group, as defined above, form spiro structure with, i.e., share one common atom with, one or more heterocyclyl or carbocyclyl groups, as defined above, wherein the point of attachment is on the heterocyclyl or carbocyclyl rings in which the spiro structure is embedded. In such instances, the number of ring members designates the total number of ring members of the heterocyclyl or carbocyclyl rings in which the spiro structure is embedded. When substitution is indicated, unless otherwise specified, substitution can occur on any of the heterocyclyl or carbocyclyl rings in which the spiro structure is embedded.

    [0396] “Bridged heterocyclyl” or “bridged heterocycle” refers to ring systems wherein the heterocyclyl group, as defined above, form bridged structure with, i.e., share more than two atoms (as such, share more than one bonds) with, one or more heterocyclyl or carbocyclyl groups, as defined above, wherein the point of attachment is on the heterocyclyl or carbocyclyl rings in which the bridged structure is embedded. In such instances, the number of ring members designates the total number of ring members of the heterocyclyl or carbocyclyl rings in which the bridged structure is embedded. When substitution is indicated, unless otherwise specified, substitution can occur on any of the heterocyclyl or carbocyclyl rings in which the bridged structure is embedded.

    [0397] “Heterocyclylene” as used herein, refers to a heterocyclyl group wherein two hydrogens are removed to provide a divalent radical. The divalent radical may be present on different atoms or the same atom of the heterocyclylene group. When a range or number of ring members is provided for a particular “heterocyclylene” group, it is understood that the range or number refers to the number of ring members in the heterocyclylene group. A “heterocyclylene” group may be substituted or unsubstituted with one or more substituents as described herein.

    [0398] “Alkoxy” as used herein, refers to the group —OR, wherein R is alkyl as defined herein. C.sub.1-6 alkoxy refers to the group —OR, wherein each R is C.sub.1-6 alkyl, as defined herein. Exemplary C.sub.1-6 alkyl is set forth above.

    [0399] “Alkylamino” as used herein, refers to the group —NHR or —NR.sub.2, wherein each R is independently alkyl, as defined herein. C.sub.1-6 alkylamino refers to the group —NHR or —NR.sub.2, wherein each R is independently C.sub.1-6 alkyl, as defined herein. Exemplary C.sub.1-6 alkyl is set forth above.

    [0400] “Oxo” refers to ═O. When a group other than aryl and heteroaryl or an atom is substituted with an oxo, it is meant to indicate that two geminal radicals on that group or atom form a double bond with an oxygen radical. When a heteroaryl is substituted with an oxo, it is meant to indicate that a resonance structure/tautomer involving a heteroatom provides a carbon atom that is able to form two geminal radicals, which form a double bond with an oxygen radical.

    [0401] “Halo” or “halogen” refers to fluoro (F), chloro (C.sub.1), bromo (Br), and iodo (I). In certain embodiments, the halo group is either fluoro or chloro.

    [0402] “Protecting group” as used herein is art-recognized and refers to a chemical moiety introduced into a molecule by chemical modification of a functional group (e.g., hydroxyl, amino, thio, and carboxylic acid) to obtain chemoselectivity in a subsequent chemical reaction, during which the unmodified functional group may not survive or may interfere with the chemical reaction. Common functional groups that need to be protected include but not limited to hydroxyl, amino, thiol, and carboxylic acid. Accordingly, the protecting groups are termed hydroxyl-protecting groups, amino-protecting groups, thiol-protecting groups, and carboxylic acid-protecting groups, respectively.

    [0403] Common types of hydroxyl-protecting groups include but not limited to ethers (e.g., methoxymethyl (MOM), β-Methoxyethoxymethyl (MEM), tetrahydropyranyl (THP), p-methoxyphenyl (PMP), t-butyl, triphenylmethyl (Trityl), allyl, and benzyl ether (Bn)). silyl ethers (e. g., t-butyldiphenylsilyl (TBDPS), trimethylsilyl (TMS), triisopropylsilyl (TIPS), tri-iso-propylsilyloxymethyl (TOM), and t-butyldimethylsilyl (TBDMS)), and esters (e.g., pivalic acid ester (Piv) and benzoic acid ester (benzoate; Bz)).

    [0404] Common types of amino-protecting groups include but not limited to carbamates (e.g., t-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc), 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc), p-methoxybenzyl carbonyl (Moz or MeOZ), 2,2,2-trichloroehtoxycarbonyl (Troc), and benzyl carbamate (Cbz)), esters (e.g., acetyl (Ac); benzoyl (Bz), trifluoroacetyl, and phthalimide), amines (e.g, benzyl (Bn), p-methoxybenzyl (PMB), p-methoxyphenyl (PMP), and triphenylmethyl (trityl)), and sulfonamides (e.g., tosyl (Ts), N-alkyl nitrobenzenesulfonamides (Nosyl), and 2-nitrophenylsulfenyl (Nps)).

    [0405] Common types of thiol-protecting groups include but not limited to sulfide (e.g., p-methylbenzyl (Meb), t-butyl, acetarnidornethyl(Acm), and triphenylmethyl (Trityl)).

    [0406] Common types of carboxylic acid-protecting groups include but not limited to esters (e.g., methyl ester, triphenylmethyl (Trityl), t-butyl ester, benzyl ester (Bn). S-t-butyl ester, silyl esters, and orthoesters) and oxazoline.

    [0407] These and other exemplary substituents are described in more detail in the Detailed Description, Examples, and claims. The invention is not intended to be limited in any manner by the above exemplary listing of substituents.

    Other Definitions

    [0408] “Pharmaceutically acceptable” means approved or approvable by a regulatory agency of the Federal or a state government or the corresponding agency in countries other than the United States, or that is listed in the U.S. Pharmacopoeia or other generally recognized pharmacopoeia for use in animals, and more particularly, in humans.

    [0409] “Pharmaceutically acceptable salt” refers to a salt of a compound of the invention that is pharmaceutically acceptable and that possesses the desired pharmacological activity of the parent compound. In particular, such salts are non-toxic may be inorganic or organic acid addition salts and base addition salts. Specifically, such salts include: (1) acid addition salts, formed with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like; or formed with organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, hexanoic acid, cyclopentanepropionic acid, glycolic acid, pyruvic acid, lactic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, 3-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, mandelic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, 1,2-ethane-disulfonic acid, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, chlorobenzenesulfonic acid, 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 4-toluenesulfonic acid, camphorsulfonic acid, 4-methylbicyclo[2.2.2]-oct-2-ene-1-carboxylic acid, glucoheptonic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid, trimethylacetic acid, tertiary butylacetic acid, lauryl sulfuric acid, gluconic acid, glutamic acid, hydroxynaphthoic acid, salicylic acid, stearic acid, muconic acid, and the like; or (2) salts formed when an acidic proton present in the parent compound either is replaced by a metal ion, e.g., an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth ion, or an aluminum ion; or coordinates with an organic base such as ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, N-methylglucamine and the like. Salts further include, by way of example only, sodium potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, tetraalkylammonium, and the like; and when the compound contains a basic functionality, salts of nontoxic organic or inorganic acids, such as hydrochloride, hydrobromide, tartrate, mesylate, acetate, maleate, oxalate and the like.

    [0410] The term “pharmaceutically acceptable cation” refers to an acceptable cationic counterion of an acidic functional group. Such cations are exemplified by sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, tetraalkylammonium cations, and the like (see, e.g., Berge, et al., J. Pharm. Sci. 66 (1):1-79 (January 77).

    [0411] “Pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle” refers to a diluent, adjuvant, excipient or carrier with which a compound of the invention is administered.

    [0412] “Pharmaceutically acceptable metabolically cleavable group” refers to a group which is cleaved in vivo to yield the parent molecule of the structural formula indicated herein. Examples of metabolically cleavable groups include —COR, —COOR, —CONR.sub.2 and —CH.sub.2OR radicals, where R is selected independently at each occurrence from alkyl, trialkylsilyl, carbocyclic aryl or carbocyclic aryl substituted with one or more of alkyl, halogen, hydroxy or alkoxy. Specific examples of representative metabolically cleavable groups include acetyl, methoxycarbonyl, benzoyl, methoxymethyl and trimethylsilyl groups.

    [0413] “Solvate” refers to forms of the compound that are associated with a solvent or water (also referred to as “hydrate”), usually by a solvolysis reaction. This physical association includes hydrogen bonding. Conventional solvents include water, ethanol, acetic acid and the like. The compounds of the invention may be prepared e.g., in crystalline form and may be solvated or hydrated. Suitable solvates include pharmaceutically acceptable solvates, such as hydrates, and further include both stoichiometric solvates and non-stoichiometric solvates. In certain instances, the solvate will be capable of isolation, for example when one or more solvent molecules are incorporated in the crystal lattice of the crystalline solid. “Solvate” encompasses both solution-phase and isolable solvates. Representative solvates include hydrates, ethanolates and methanolates.

    [0414] A “subject” to which administration is contemplated includes, but is not limited to, humans (i.e., a male or female of any age group, e.g., a pediatric subject (e.g., infant, child, adolescent) or an adult subject (e.g., young adult, middle aged adult or senior adult) and/or a non-human animal, e.g., a mammal such as primates (e.g., cynomolgus monkeys, rhesus monkeys), cattle, pigs, horses, sheep, goats, rodents, cats, and/or dogs. In certain embodiments, the subject is a human. In certain embodiments, the subject is a non-human animal. The terms “human,” “patient,” and “subject” are used interchangeably herein.

    [0415] An “effective amount” means the amount of a compound that, when administered to a subject for treating or preventing a disease, is sufficient to affect such treatment or prevention. The “effective amount” can vary depending on the compound, the disease and its severity, and the age, weight, etc., of the subject to be treated. A “therapeutically effective amount” refers to the effective amount for therapeutic treatment. A “prophylactically effective amount” refers to the effective amount for prophylactic treatment.

    [0416] “Preventing”, “prevention” or “prophylactic treatment” refers to a reduction in risk of acquiring or developing a disease or disorder (i.e., causing at least one of the clinical symptoms of the disease not to develop in a subject not yet exposed to a disease-causing agent, or predisposed to the disease in advance of disease onset.

    [0417] The term “prophylaxis” is related to “prevention,” and refers to a measure or procedure the purpose of which is to prevent, rather than to treat or cure a disease. Non limiting examples of prophylactic measures may include the administration of vaccines; the administration of low molecular weight heparin to hospital patients at risk for thrombosis due, for example, to immobilization, and the administration of an anti-malarial agent such as chloroquine, in advance of a visit to a geographical region where malaria is endemic or the risk of contracting malaria is high.

    [0418] “Treating” or “treatment” or “therapeutic treatment” of any disease or disorder refers, in one embodiment, to ameliorating the disease or disorder (i.e., arresting the disease or reducing the manifestation, extent or severity of at least one of the clinical symptoms thereof). In another embodiment, “treating” or “treatment” refers to ameliorating at least one physical parameter, which may not be discernible by the subject. In yet another embodiment, “treating” or “treatment” refers to modulating the disease or disorder, either physically, (e.g., stabilization of a discernible symptom), physiologically, (e.g., stabilization of a physical parameter), or both. In a further embodiment, “treating” or “treatment” relates to slowing the progression of the disease.

    [0419] It is also to be understood that compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the nature or sequence of bonding of their atoms or the arrangement of their atoms in space are termed “isomers.” Isomers that differ in the arrangement of their atoms in space are termed “stereoisomers.”

    [0420] Stereoisomers that are not mirror images of one another are termed “diastereomers” and those that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other are termed “enantiomers.” When a compound has an asymmetric center, for example, it is bonded to four different groups, a pair of enantiomers is possible. An enantiomer can be characterized by the absolute configuration of its asymmetric center and is described by the R- and S-sequencing rules of Cahn and Prelog, or by the manner in which the molecule rotates the plane of polarized light and designated as dextrorotatory or levorotatory (i.e., as (+)- or (−)-isomers respectively). A chiral compound can exist as either individual enantiomer or as a mixture thereof. A mixture containing equal proportions of the enantiomers is called a “racemic mixture”.

    [0421] “Tautomers” refer to compounds that are interchangeable forms of a particular compound structure, and that vary in the displacement of hydrogen atoms and electrons. Thus, two structures may be in equilibrium through the movement of πelectrons and an atom (usually H). For example, enols and ketones are tautomers because they are rapidly interconverted by treatment with either acid or base. Another example of tautomerism is the aci- and nitro-forms of phenylnitromethane, that are likewise formed by treatment with acid or base. Tautomeric forms may be relevant to the attainment of the optimal chemical reactivity and biological activity of a compound of interest.

    [0422] As used herein a pure enantiomeric compound is substantially free from other enantiomers or stereoisomers of the compound (i.e., in enantiomeric excess). In other words, an “S” form of the compound is substantially free from the “R” form of the compound and is, thus, in enantiomeric excess of the “R” form. The term “enantiomerically pure” or “pure enantiomer” denotes that the compound comprises more than 95% by weight, more than 96% by weight, more than 97% by weight, more than 98% by weight, more than 98.5% by weight, more than 99% by weight, more than 99.2% by weight, more than 99.5% by weight, more than 99.6% by weight, more than 99.7% by weight, more than 99.8% by weight or more than 99.9% by weight, of the enantiomer. In certain embodiments, the weights are based upon total weight of all enantiomers or stereoisomers of the compound.

    [0423] As used herein and unless otherwise indicated, the term “enantiomerically pure (R)-compound” refers to at least about 95% by weight (R)-compound and at most about 5% by weight (S)-compound, at least about 99% by weight (R)-compound and at most about 1% by weight (S)-compound, or at least about 99.9% by weight (R)-compound and at most about 0.1% by weight (S)-compound. In certain embodiments, the weights are based upon total weight of compound.

    [0424] As used herein and unless otherwise indicated, the term “enantiomerically pure (S)-compound” or “(S)-compound” refers to at least about 95% by weight (S)-compound and at most about 5% by weight (R)-compound, at least about 99% by weight (S)-compound and at most about 1% by weight (R)-compound or at least about 99.9% by weight (S)-compound and at most about 0.1% by weight (R)-compound. In certain embodiments, the weights are based upon total weight of compound.

    [0425] In the compositions provided herein, an enantiomerically pure compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate or prodrug thereof can be present with other active or inactive ingredients. For example, a pharmaceutical composition comprising enantiomerically pure (R)-compound can comprise, for example, about 90% excipient and about 10% enantiomerically pure (R)-compound. In certain embodiments, the enantiomerically pure (R)-compound in such compositions can, for example, comprise, at least about 95% by weight (R)-compound and at most about 5% by weight (S)-compound, by total weight of the compound. For example, a pharmaceutical composition comprising enantiomerically pure (S)-compound can comprise, for example, about 90% excipient and about 10% enantiomerically pure (S)-compound. In certain embodiments, the enantiomerically pure (S)-compound in such compositions can, for example, comprise, at least about 95% by weight (S)-compound and at most about 5% by weight (R)-compound, by total weight of the compound. In certain embodiments, the active ingredient can be formulated with little or no excipient or carrier.

    [0426] The compounds of this invention may possess one or more asymmetric centers; such compounds can therefore be produced as individual (R)- or (S)-stereoisomers or as mixtures thereof.

    [0427] Unless indicated otherwise, the description or naming of a particular compound in the specification and claims is intended to include both individual enantiomers and mixtures, racemic or otherwise, thereof. The methods for the determination of stereochemistry and the separation of stereoisomers are well-known in the art.

    [0428] The term “about” when referring to a number or a numerical range means that the number or numerical range referred to is an approximation within experimental variability (or within statistical experimental error), and thus the number or numerical range, in some instances, will vary between 1% and 15% of the stated number or numerical range.

    [0429] The term “comprising” (and related terms such as “comprise” or “comprises” or “having” or “including”) is not intended to exclude that in other certain embodiments, for example, an embodiment of any composition of matter, composition, method, or process, or the like, described herein, “consist of” or “consist essentially of” the described features.

    EXAMPLES

    [0430] In order that the invention described herein may be more fully understood, the following examples are set forth. The examples described in this application are offered to illustrate the compounds, pharmaceutical compositions, and methods provided herein and are not to be construed in any way as limiting their scope.

    Example 1. Synthetic Schemes

    [0431] ##STR00434##

    Reaction conditions: (a) Cd powder, DMF, rt; (b) t-BuOLi n hexane 1M, THF, t-BuOH, rt; (c) CuCl, DMF, rt; (d) TFA, DCM, rt

    ##STR00435##

    Reaction conditions: (a) P(OEt).sub.3, 100° C.; (b) Ti(O-i-Pr).sub.4, BnOH, 100° C.; (c) NaH, Cbz-Cl, THF, 0° C. to rt; (d) NFBS, NaHMDS, THF, −78° C. to rt; (e) H.sub.2/Pd—C, THF, rt Synthesis of 5-((diethoxyphosphoryl)difluoromethyl)benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylic acid

    ##STR00436##

    Reaction conditions: (a) Oxalyl Chloride, DMF, DCM, 0° C. to rt; (b) BnOH, TEA, DCM, rt; (c) CuI, KI, Dioxane, DMEDA, 110° C., sealed; (d) BrCdCF.sub.2PO.sub.3Et.sub.2, CuI, DMF, rt; (e) Pd/C, H.sub.2, MeOH, rt.

    ##STR00437##

    Benzyl 7-bromo-2-naphthoate

    [0432] To a 100 mL round bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stirring bar was added 7-bromo-2-naphthoic acid 4-1 (1.0 g, 3.9 mmol, 1.0 equiv) and anhydrous DCM (50 mL). The suspension was cooled with ice/water bath before adding oxalyl chloride (1.5 g, 11.7 mmol, 3.0 equiv) and DMF (0.3 mL). The solution was stirred at this temperature for 30 minutes and recovered to room temperature. The suspension would become clear solution after 1.5 h. Removed all the solvent and excess oxalyl chloride in vacuum. The residual crude product 4-2 was used directly for the next step without further purification.

    [0433] To a 100 mL round bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stirring bar was added previous crude acyl chloride 4-2 and anhydrous DCM (50 mL). The solution was cooled with ice/water bath before adding benzyl alcohol (0.8 g, 0.8 mL, 7.8 mmol, 2.0 equiv) and triethylamine (1.2 g, 1.6 mL, 11.7 mmol, 3.0 equiv). The solution was recovered to room temperature and stirred for 1 h before quenched with ammonium chloride aqueous solution. Extracted with DCM (50 mL×3) and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. Filtered and the solvent was removed under vacuum. The residual crude product was purified by flash column chromatography (PE:EA=10:1) to afford the desired benzylic ester 4-3 as a white solid (1.1 g, 85% yield).

    ##STR00438##

    Benzyl 7-iodo-2-naphthoate

    [0434] To a 50 mL sealed bottle equipped with a magnetic stirring bar was filled with argon before adding Benzyl 7-bromo-2-naphthoate 4-3 (1.0 g, 2.9 mmol, 1.0 equiv), copper(I) iodide (110 mg, 0.58 mmol, 0.2 equiv), potassium iodide (1.0 g, 5.8 mmol, 2.0 equiv), N,N′-Dimethylethane-1,2-diamine (51 mg, 62 μL, 0.58 mmol, 0.2 equiv) and anhydrous 1,4-dioxane (20 mL). The reaction system was changed to argon atmosphere for another three times before reacted under 110° C. for 24 h. Cooled to room temperature and quenched with ammonium chloride aqueous solution. Extracted with EtOAc (50 mL×3) and washed with brine before dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. Filtered and the solvent was removed under vacuum. The residual crude product was purified by flash column chromatography (PE:EA=10:1) to afford the mixture of desired iodide 4-4 and starting material 4-3 as a white solid (0.85 g, 4-4: 4-3=3:1 monitored by LC-MS). This mixture can be used directly for the next step without further purification.

    ##STR00439##

    Benzyl 7-((diethoxyphosphoryl)difluoromethyl)-2-naphthoate

    [0435] To a 50 mL round bottom bottle equipped with a magnetic stirring bar was filled with argon before adding the previous mixture of 4-4 and 4-3 (0.85 g, 4-4: 4-3=3:1, 2.1 mmol, 1.0 equiv), copper(I) iodide (0.8 g, 4.2 mmol, 2.0 equiv) and Cadmium reagent DMF solution A (13 mL, 0.33M, 4.2 mmol, 2.0 equiv). The reaction system was changed to argon atmosphere for another three times before stirred at room temperature for 24 h. Quenched with ammonium chloride aqueous solution and Extracted with EtOAc (50 mL×3), washed with brine for three times and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. Filtered and the solvent was removed under vacuum. The residual crude product was purified by flash column chromatography (PE:EA=1:1) to afford the desired phosphate 4-5 as a white solid (0.5 g, 70% yield).

    ##STR00440##

    7-((diethoxyphosphoryl)difluoromethyl)-2-naphthoic acid (IM-5)

    [0436] To a 50 mL round bottom bottle equipped with a magnetic stirring bar was filled with argon before adding Benzyl 7-((diethoxyphosphoryl)difluoromethyl)-2-naphthoate 4-5 (130 mg, 0.28 mmol, 1.0 equiv), methanol (5 mL) and 10% Pd/C (30 mg). The reaction system was changed to hydrogen atmosphere for three times before stirred at room temperature for 30 min. Filtered to remove Pd/C and the solvent was removed under vacuum. The residual crude product was purified by HPLC (MeCN/H2O 35%-100%, 65 min, 60 mL/min, the product came out when MeCN is 46.5%) to afford the desired carboxylic acid IM-5 as a white solid (86 mg, 85% yield).

    [0437] .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, Methanol-d.sub.4) δ 8.73 (s, 1H), 8.28 (s, 1H), 8.21-8.13 (m, 1H), 8.07 (dd, J=20.0, 8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.82-7.73 (m, 1H), 4.31-4.16 (m, 4H), 1.31 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 6H).

    [0438] UPLC-MS calculated for C.sub.16H.sub.18F.sub.2O.sub.5P [M+H].sup.+: 359.09, found: 359.38.

    ##STR00441##

    Reaction conditions: (a) TBSCL, DIPEA, DCM, rt; (b) H.sub.2, Pd/C, EtOH, rt; (c) Boc-Dap(Z)—OH, EDC, HOBt, DIPEA, DCM, rt; (d) TBAF, THF; (e) Dess-Martin periodinane, DCM, rt: (f) H.sub.2, Pd/C, MeOH
    Synthesis detail for IM-6 can be found the following publication.: Peng, Y., Sun. H. and Wang, S., 2006. Design and synthesis of a 1, 5-diazabicyclo [6, 3, 0] dodecane amino acid derivative as a novel dipeptide reverse-turn mimetic. Tetrahedron letters, 47(27), pp. 4769-4770.

    ##STR00442## ##STR00443##

    Reaction conditions: (a) HATU, DIPEA, CH.sub.3CN, rt; (b) TFA, DCM, rt; (c) Ph.sub.3Bi, Cu(OAc).sub.2, TEA, DCM, rt; (d) TFA, DCM, rt; (e) HATU, DIPEA, CH.sub.3CN, rt; (f) TFA, DCM, rt; (g) HATU, DIPEA, CH.sub.3CN, rt; (h) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    ##STR00444## ##STR00445## ##STR00446## ##STR00447##

    Reaction conditions: (a) Ac.sub.2O, DCM, TEA, rt; (b) TFA, DCM, rt; (c) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (d) HATU, DIPEA, CH.sub.3CN, rt; (e) PCL5, CHCl3, 50° C.; (f) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.; (g) HCHO, sodium triacetoxyborohydride.

    ##STR00448## ##STR00449## ##STR00450## ##STR00451## ##STR00452##

    Reaction conditions: (a) HATU, DIPEA, CH.sub.3CN, rt; (b) TFA, DCM, rt; (c) HATU, DIPEA, CH.sub.3CN, rt; (d) diethylamine, DCM, rt; (e) HATU, DIPEA, CH.sub.3CN, rt; (f) TFA, DCM, rt; (g) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.; (h) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (i) TFA, DCM, rt; (j) CbzCl, DIPEA, DCM, rt; (k) LiOH monohydrate, MeOH, water, rt; (1) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (m) H.sub.2, Pd/C, EtOH, rt; (n) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (o) TFA, DCM, rt; (p) Ac.sub.2O, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (q) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    ##STR00453##

    Reaction conditions: (a) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (b) TFA, DCM, rt; (c) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (d) Pd/C, H.sub.2, EtOH, rt; (e) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (f) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    ##STR00454## ##STR00455## ##STR00456##

    [0439] (a) EtOH, reflux; (b) DCM/TFA, rt; (c) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (d) DCM/TFA, rt; (e) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (f) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.; (g) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (h) Lawesson's reagent, THF, reflux; (i) DCM, DEA, rt; (j) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (k) DCM/TFA, rt; (1) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (in) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.; (n) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (o) NH4OAc, AcOH, reflux; (p) TFA, DCM, rt; (q) Boc-Tle-OH, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (r) TFA, DCM, rt; (s) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (t) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    ##STR00457##

    Reaction conditions: (a) Fmoc-OSU, TEA, CH.sub.3CN, H.sub.2O, rt; (b) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (c) TFA, DCM, rt; (d) HATU, DIPEA, CH.sub.3CN, rt; (e) TFA, DCM, rt; (f) HATU, DIPEA, CH.sub.3CN, rt; (g) diethylamine, DCM, rt; (h) Ac.sub.2O, TEA, DCM, rt: (i) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    ##STR00458## ##STR00459##

    Reaction conditions: (a) HATU, DIPEA, CH.sub.3CN, rt; (b) TFA, DCM, rt; (c) HATU, DIPEA, CH.sub.3CN, rt; (d) BnBr, CH.sub.3CN, 50° C.; (e) NaBH.sub.4, EtOH, rt; (f) TFA, DCM, rt; (g) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (h) H.sub.2, Pd/C, EtOH, rt; (i) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.; (j) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (k) TFA, DCM, rt; (1) NaBH(OAc).sub.3, 37% HCHO aq., THF, rt; (m) DEA, DCM, rt; (n) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (o) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    ##STR00460## ##STR00461##

    [0440] Reaction conditions: (a) P(OEt).sub.3, toluene, rt; (b) NBS, DMF, rt; (c) Boc-L-proline, PCl.sub.5, CHCl.sub.3, 50° C.; (d) CuI, KI, DMEDA, dioxane, 110° C.; (e) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (f) TFA, DCM, rt; (g) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (h) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.; (k) NCS, DMF, 60° C.

    ##STR00462## ##STR00463##

    [0441] Reaction conditions: (a) P(OEt).sub.3, toluene, rt; (b) NBS, DMF, rt; (c) Boc-L-proline, PCl.sub.5, CHCl.sub.3, 50° C.; (d) CuI, KI, DMEDA, dioxane, 110° C.; (e) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (f) TFA, DCM, rt; (g) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (h) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    ##STR00464## ##STR00465##

    [0442] Reaction conditions: (a) NBS, CH.sub.3CN, rt; (b) Boc-proline, PCl.sub.5, CHCl.sub.3, reflux; (c) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (d) TFA, DCM, rt; (e) IM-1, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (f) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.; (g) LiOH, water, MeOH, rt; (h) sat. NaHCO.sub.3aq., Boc.sub.2O, THF, rt; (i) MeNH.sub.2, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (j) TFA, DCM, rt; (k) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (1) TFA, DCM, rt; (m) IM-1, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (n) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.; (o) LiOH, water, MeOH, rt; (p) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    ##STR00466## ##STR00467## ##STR00468## ##STR00469##

    [0443] Reaction conditions: (a) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (b) DEA, DCM, rt; (c) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (d) TFA, DCM, rt; (e) IM-1, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (f) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.; (g) Ethylbromoacetate, NaH, TBAC, THF, rt; (h) Pd/C, H.sub.2, EtOH, rt; (i) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (j) TFA, DCM, rt; (k) aniline, PCl.sub.5, CHCl.sub.3, 50° C.; (1) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (m) TFA, DCM, rt; (n) IM-1, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (o) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.; (p) LiOH monohydrate, MeOH, water, rt; (q) MeNH.sub.2, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (r) LiOH monohydrate, MeOH, water, rt; (s) methylamine, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (t) dimethylamine, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt.

    ##STR00470##

    [0444] Reaction conditions: (a) NaBH(OAc).sub.3, AcOH, DCM, rt; (b) TFA, DCM, rt; (c) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (d) IM-1, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (e) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    ##STR00471##

    [0445] Reaction conditions: (a) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (b) TFA, DCM, rt; (c) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (d) TFA, DCM, rt; (e) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (f) Pd/C, H.sub.2, EtOH, rt; (g) Ac.sub.2O, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (h) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    ##STR00472##

    [0446] Reaction conditions: (a) DIC, Oxyma, DIPEA, DMF, 95° C.; (b) TFA, DCM, rt; (c) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (d) TFA, DCM, rt; (e) IM-1, HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (f) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    ##STR00473##

    [0447] Reaction conditions: (a) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (b) TFA, DCM, rt; (c) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (d) TFA, DCM, rt; (e) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (f) DEA, DCM, rt; (g) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    ##STR00474##

    [0448] Reaction conditions: (a) DIC, Oxyma, DIPEA, DMF, 95° C.; (b) TFA, DCM, rt; (c) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (d) TFA, DCM, rt; (e) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (f) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.; (g) NaH, MeI/EtI, DMF, rt; (h) TDA, DCM, rt.

    ##STR00475##

    [0449] Reaction conditions: (a) ethylacrylate, AcOH, 90° C.; (b) PCl5, CHCl3, 50° C.; (c) Boc.sub.2O, TEA, CH.sub.3CN, rt; (d) LiOH, MeOH, water, rt; (e) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (f) TFA, DCM, rt; (g) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (h) TFA, DCM, rt; (i) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (j) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, rt, 0° C.

    [0450] To a round bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stirring bar was added 4-(thiazol-2-yl)aniline Compound 1 (2.5 g, 14.2 mmol), acetic acid (8 ml), and ethylacrylate (1.3 ml, 0.9 equiv.). The suspension was stirred at 90° C. for 5 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and the solvent was removed on a rotary evaporator. The residual crude product was purified by flash column chromatography to yield Compound 2 in 52% yield (2.0 g). 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ 7.79 (d, J=3.4 Hz, 1H), 7.70 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 2H), 7.56 (d, J=3.4 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (s, 1H), 6.66 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 2H), 4.08 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.35 (t, J=6.7 Hz, 2H), 2.59 (t, J=6.7 Hz, 2H), 1.18 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H). 13C NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ 171.46, 168.52, 150.44, 142.03, 127.77, 120.35, 117.74, 112.06, 60.00, 38.43, 33.51, 14.07. ESI-MS calculated for C9H8N2S+ 276.35, found [M+H]+ 276.89.

    [0451] Boc-L-proline (5.8 g, 5 equiv.) was dissolved in CHCl3 (50 ml). At room temperature, PCl5 (5.6 g, 5 equiv.) was slowly added over a period of 10 min. After the addition, the mixture was stirred for 10 min at room temperature. To this mixture was added Compound 2 (1.5 g, 5.4 mmol) and the mixture was stirred at 50° C. for 20 min. The volatile components were removed on a rotary evaporator. The obtained crude oil was purified by reverse phase semi-preparative HPLC. The resulting colorless oil Compound 3 was dissolved in CH.sub.3CN (20 ml). To the solution was added triethylamine (3 ml, 3.8 equiv.), followed by Boc2O (1.75 g, 1.5 equiv.). The colorless mixture was stirred for 2 hours at room temperature. The volatile components were then removed by vacuum and the crude was purified by flash column chromatography to yield Compound 4 in 39% (1.0 g, 2 steps yield). 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ 8.05 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.94 (d, J=3.3 Hz, 1H), 7.77 (d, J=3.3 Hz, 1H), 7.58-7.08 (m, 2H), 4.12 (m, 1H), 4.10-3.75 (m, 4H), 3.43-3.23 (m, 2H), 2.55 (m, 2H), 1.86 (s, 3H), 1.70 (m, 1H), 1.42 (s, 9H), 1.14 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H). 13C NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ 171.34, 170.35, 165.75, 153.27, 143.64, 132.39, 128.88, 127.10, 120.49, 77.07, 59.61, 56.69, 46.48, 44.92, 32.39, 30.55, 29.63, 27.93, 22.42, 13.52. ESI-MS calculated for C24H31N3O5S+473.59, found [M+H]+374.06.

    [0452] Compound 4 (450 mg, 0.95 mmol) was dissolved in MeOH (5 ml) and water (1 ml) and the mixture was placed in an ice bath. LiOH monohydrate (200 mg, 5 equiv.) was added to the mixture and then it was stirred for 30 min at room temperature. The mixture was placed in an ice bath again and neutralized by slowly adding TFA. The volatile components were removed on a rotary evaporator and the residue was purified by flash column chromatography to yield Compound 5 in 73% (310 mg). 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ 12.00 (s, 1H), 8.05 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 3H), 7.95 (d, J=3.3 Hz, 1H), 7.78 (d, J=3.3 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (s, 2H), 4.11 (m, 1H), 3.99-3.69 (m, 2H), 3.39-3.26 (m, 2H), 3.13 (s, 2H), 1.85 (m, 4H). 13C NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ 171.78, 171.30, 165.79, 143.65, 132.34, 128.87, 127.10, 120.47, 78.39, 56.69, 46.50, 45.01, 32.31, 30.56, 29.38, 27.96, 23.04, 22.57. ESI-MS calculated for C.sub.22H77N3O5S+ 445.53, found [M+H]+ 346.20.

    [0453] HATU (140 mg, 0.37 mmol, 1.1 equiv.) was added to a solution of Compound 5 (150 mg, 0.33 mmol, 1 equiv.), dimethylamine (330 μl, 0.67 mmol, 2 equiv.) in 2M THF solution, and triethylamine (0.23 ml, 1.65 mmol, 5 equiv.) in CH.sub.3CN (5 ml). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The yellow solution was concentrated in vacuum and the crude was purified by flash column chromatography to yield Boc-protected Compound 6. Boc protection was removed by DCM/TFA at room temperature for 30 min. The volatile components were removed in vacuum to yield Compound 6 as a TFA salt in 80% (128 mg). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.11-8.03 (m, 2H), 7.75-7.71 (m, 1H), 7.59 (d, J=3.2 Hz, 1H), 7.45 (d, J=7.9 Hz, 2H), 4.42-4.38 (m, 1H), 4.28-4.24 (m, 1H), 3.89 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 3.46-3.42 (m, 2H), 3.02 (s, 3H), 2.91 (s, 3H), 2.75 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 1H), 2.69-2.50 (m, 1H), 2.02-1.96 (m, 1H), 1.93-1.85 (m, 3H). ESI-MS calculated for C19H24N4O2S+ 372.49, found [M+H]+ 372.99.

    [0454] To Compound 6 (128 mg, 0.26 mmol), CH3CN (5 ml), triethylamine (0.18 ml, 2.5 mmol, 5 equiv.), Boc-L-tert-leucine (90 mg, 0.39 mmol, 1.5 equiv.), and HATU (118 mg, 0.31 mmol, 1.2 equiv.) were added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The yellow solution was concentrated in vacuum and the crude was purified by flash column chromatography to yield Boc-protected Compound 7. Boc protection was removed by DCM/TFA at room temperature for 30 min. The volatile components were removed in vacuum to yield Compound 7 as a TFA salt in 85% (107 mg). 1H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD) δ 8.00 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 2H), 7.90 (d, J=3.3 Hz, 1H), 7.64 (d, J=3.3 Hz, 1H), 7.57 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 2H), 4.33 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 3.96-3.90 (m, 3H), 3.75-3.68 (m=, 1H), 3.60-3.55 (m, 1H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 2.83 (s, 3H), 2.69 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 2H), 2.10-1.80 (m, 3H), 1.80-1.60 (m, 1H), 1.13 (s, 9H). ESI-MS calculated for C25H35N5O3S+ 485.65, found [M+H]+ 486.21.

    [0455] To Compound 7 (107 mg, 0.22 mmol), CH3CN (5 ml), triethylamine (0.15 ml, 1.1 mmol, 5 equiv.), benzothiophene head IM-4 (97 mg, 0.26 mmol, 1.2 equiv.), and HATU (100 mg, 0.26 mmol, 1.2 equiv.) were added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The yellow solution was concentrated in vacuum and the crude was purified by flash column chromatography to yield Compound 8 in 68% (147 mg). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.09 (s, 1H), 8.00 (d, J=1.4 Hz, 1H), 7.98 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.94-7.88 (m, 3H), 7.66-7.60 (m, 1H), 7.51-7.44 (m, 2H), 7.38 (d, J=3.3 Hz, 1H), 7.24 (d, J=9.4 Hz, 1H), 4.92 (d, J=9.4 Hz, 1H), 4.35 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.25-4.13 (m, 5H), 4.04-3.93 (m, 1H), 3.91-3.70 (m, 2H), 3.07 (s, 3H), 2.92 (s, 3H), 2.85-2.70 (m, 2H), 2.12-2.08 (m, 1H), 1.98-1.87 (m, 2H), 1.87-1.74 (m, 1H), 1.34-1.30 (m, 6H), 1.17 (s, 9H). ESI-MS calculated for C39H48F2N5O7PS2+ 831.93, found [M+H]+ 832.12.

    [0456] To a round bottom flask were added Compound 8 (150 mg, 0.17 mmol, 1 equiv.), DCM (2 ml) and CF3CON(TMS)2 (0.27 ml, 1.0 mmol, 6 equiv.). The solution was cooled in an ice bath. To the ice cooled reaction mixture, 1M of TMS-I in DCM (0.9 ml, 0.9 mmol, 5 equiv.) was added dropwise and the mixture was stirred for 10 min in an ice bath. The volatile components were removed under vacuum at below 5° C. The residue was dissolved in a mixed solvent of CH.sub.3CN (3 ml) and water (1 ml). The resulting solution was purified by HPLC to yield 309 in 80% (150 mg). .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ 8.54 (s, 1H), 8.43 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 8.11 (m, 1H), 8.06-7.95 (m, 3H), 7.92 (m, J=3.2 Hz, 1H), 7.79 (d, J=3.2 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (m, 2H), 4.77 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 4.19 (m, 1H), 3.93-3.70 (m, 3H), 3.70-3.57 (m, 1H), 2.94 (m, 4H), 2.77 (m, 4H), 2.66-2.53 (m, 2H), 2.06-1.92 (m, 1H), 1.85 (m, 3H), 1.10 (s, 9H). ESI-MS calculated for C.sub.30H.sub.40F.sub.2N.sub.5O.sub.7PS.sub.2.sup.+ 775.82, found [M+H].sup.+ 775.89.

    ##STR00476## ##STR00477## ##STR00478## ##STR00479## ##STR00480##

    Reaction conditions: (a) Boc.sub.2O, DMAP, CH.sub.3CN, rt; (b) LiEt.sub.3BH, THF, −70° C.; (c) allyltributylstannane, Me.sub.3SiOTf, DCM, −70° C.; (d) HCl, dioxane, 0° C.; (e) CbzCl, DIPEA, DCM, 0° C.; (f) 9-BBN, H.sub.2O.sub.2, aq. NaOH, THF; (g) (COCl).sub.2, DMSO, TEA, DCM, −60° C.; (h) t-BuOK, DCM, −70° C.; (i) Boc.sub.2O, DMAP, THF; (j) H.sub.2, Pd/C, THF; (k) NaOH, MeOH; (1) HATU, DIPEA, DCM; (in) FTA, DCM, rt; (n) HATU, DIPEA, DMF, rt; (o) PCl.sub.5, CHCl.sub.3, 50° C.; (p) TMSI, BSTFA, DCM, 0° C.

    Example 2. Characterization Data

    [0457]

    TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Characterization Data Summary Cpd. Synthetic No. LC-MS data Scheme  1 LC-MS [M + H] += 787.96 6  2 LC-MS [M + H] += 779.18 6  3 LC-MS [M + H] += 708.11 7  4 LC-MS [M + H] += 744.28 7  5 LC-MS [M + H] += 695.32 7  6 LC-MS [M + H] += 731.51 7  7 LC-MS [M + H] += 722.70 7  8 LC-MS [M + H] += 619.22 8  9 LC-MS [M + H] += 632.44 8  10 LC-MS [M + H] += 631.35 9  11 LC-MS [M + H] += 631.35 9  12 LC-MS [M + H] += 617.41 9  13 LC-MS [M + H] += 646.36 9  14 LC-MS [M + H] += 667.38 9  15 LC-MS [M + H] += 627.30 9  16 LC-MS [M + H] += 617.49 9  17 LC-MS [M + H] += 631.30 10  18 LC-MS [M + H] += 618.36 10  19 LC-MS [M + H] += 617.27 10  20 LC-MS [M + H] += 604.32 10  21 LC-MS [M + H] += 617.30 10  22 LC-MS [M + H] += 604.28 10  23 LC-MS [M + H] += 657.34 8  24 LC-MS [M + H] += 644.42 8  25 LC-MS [M + H] += 630.95 10  26 LC-MS [M + H] += 618.17 10  27 LC-MS [M + H] += 651.96 8  28 LC-MS [M + H] += 644.26 11  29 LC-MS [M + H] += 631.23 11  30 LC-MS [M + H] += 660.17 9  31 LC-MS [M + H] += 660.17 9  32 LC-MS [M + H] += 681.43 9  33 LC-MS [M + H] += 600.19 10  34 LC-MS [M + H] += 686.17 11  35 LC-MS [M + H] += 746.23 12  36 LC-MS [M + H] += 658.26 12  37 LC-MS [M + H] += 930.31 13  38 LC-MS [M + H] += 680.32 15  39 LC-MS [M + H] += 796.02 6  40 LC-MS [M + H] += 693.22 14  41 LC-MS [M + H] += 634.51 9  42 LC-MS [M + H] += 853.18 13  43 LC-MS [M + H] += 758.04, 759.98 15  44 LC-MS [M + H] += 761.32 13  45 LC-MS [M + H] += 757.17, 759.19 15  46 LC-MS [M + H] += 744.14, 746.07 15  47 LC-MS [M + H] += 860.19, 862.14 16  48 LC-MS [M + H] += 860.19, 862.14 16  49 LC-MS [M + H] += 839.91, 892.07 16  50 LC-MS [M + H] += 839.91, 892.07 16  51 LC-MS [M + H] += 844.09, 845.94 16  52 LC-MS [M + H] += 844.09, 845.94 16  53 LC-MS [M + H] += 822.17 16  54 LC-MS [M + H] += 788.18, 790.15 16  55 LC-MS [M + H] += 816.17, 818.11 16  56 LC-MS [M + H] += 859.24, 861.24 16  57 LC-MS [M + H] += 873.27, 875.20 16  58 LC-MS [M + H] += 626.32 9  59 LC-MS [M + H] += 626.33 9  60 LC-MS [M + H] += 640.38 9  61 LC-MS [M + H] += 640.37 9  62 LC-MS [M + H] += 654.46 9  63 LC-MS [M + H] += 612.37 9  64 LC-MS [M + H] += 664.43 9  65 LC-MS [M + H] += 664.41 9  66 LC-MS [M + H] += 664.47 9  67 LC-MS [M + H] += 664.36 9  68 LC-MS [M + H] += 669.35 9  69 LC-MS [M + H] += 648.40 9  70 LC-MS [M + H] += 648.40 9  71 LC-MS [M + H] += 634.33 9  72 LC-MS [M + H] += 622.17 9  73 LC-MS [M + H] += 656.33 9  74 LC-MS [M + H] += 700.16, 701.98 9  75 LC-MS [M + H] += 690.43 9  76 LC-MS [M + H] += 692.50 9  77 LC-MS [M + H] += 602.26 9  78 LC-MS [M + H] += 627.27 9  79 LC-MS [M + H] += 613.32 9  80 LC-MS [M + H] += 613.30 9  81 LC-MS [M + H] += 669.59 9  82 LC-MS [M + H] += 711.39 9  83 LC-MS [M + H] += 749.39 9  84 LC-MS [M + H] += 655.41 9  85 LC-MS [M + H] += 697.41 9  86 LC-MS [M + H] += 735.38 9  87 LC-MS [M + H] += 655.21 9  88 LC-MS [M + H] += 697.32 9  89 LC-MS [M + H] += 735.42 9  90 LC-MS [M + H] += 669.21 9  91 LC-MS [M + H] += 711.36 9  92 LC-MS [M + H] += 655.29 9  93 LC-MS [M + H] += 697.34 9  94 LC-MS [M + H] += 735.28 9  95 LC-MS [M + H] += 655.32 9  96 LC-MS [M + H] += 697.46 9  97 LC-MS [M + H] += 735.27 9  98 LC-MS [M + H] += 662.40 9  99 LC-MS [M + H] += 662.41 9 100 LC-MS [M + H] += 696.61 9 101 LC-MS [M + H] += 712.28 9 102 LC-MS [M + H] += 682.35 9 103 LC-MS [M + H] += 698.26 9 104 LC-MS [M + H] += 750.23 9 105 LC-MS [M + H] += 676.40 9 106 LC-MS [M + H] += 677.88 9 107 LC-MS [M + H] += 691.97 9 108 LC-MS [M + H] += 696.35 9 109 LC-MS [M + H] += 681.97 9 110 LC-MS [M + H] += 699.97 9 111 LC-MS [M + H] += 700.32 9 112 LC-MS [M + H] += 697.89 9 113 LC-MS [M + H] += 715.87 9 114 LC-MS [M + H] += 731.80 9 115 LC-MS [M + H] += 734.34 9 116 LC-MS [M + H] += 680.29 8 117 LC-MS [M + H] += 680.41 8 118 LC-MS [M + H] += 705.20 7 119 LC-MS [M + H] += 705.32 7 120 LC-MS [M + H] += 705.32 7 121 LC-MS [M + H] += 705.43 7 122 LC-MS [M + H] += 707.46 8 123 LC-MS [M + H] += 706.22 9 124 LC-MS [M + H] += 678.28 9 125 LC-MS [M + H] += 676.35 9 126 LC-MS [M + H] += 700.35 9 127 LC-MS [M + H] += 670.31 9 128 LC-MS [M + H] += 671.22 9 129 LC-MS [M + H] += 714.35 9 130 LC-MS [M + H] += 665.33 9 131 LC-MS [M + H] += 665.37 9 132 LC-MS [M + H] += 702.27 9 133 LC-MS [M + H] += 678.40 9 134 LC-MS [M + H] += 692.41 9 135 LC-MS [M + H] += 712.33 9 136 LC-MS [M + H] += 712.30 9 137 LC-MS [M + H] += 678.39 9 138 LC-MS [M + H] += 664.16 9 139 LC-MS [M + H] += 663.36 9 140 LC-MS [M + H] += 665.34 9 141 LC-MS [M + H] += 712.29 8 142 LC-MS [M + H] += 712.35 8 143 LC-MS [M + H] += 650.42 17 144 LC-MS [M + H] += 678.39 8 145 LC-MS [M + H] += 658.39 8 146 LC-MS [M + H] += 636.32 8 147 LC-MS [M + H] += 646.31 8 148 LC-MS [M + H] += 648.37 8 149 LC-MS [M + H] += 666.31 8 150 LC-MS [M + H] += 678.32 8 151 LC-MS [M + H] += 680.31 8 152 LC-MS [M + H] += 636.24 8 153 LC-MS [M + H] += 646.26 8 154 LC-MS [M + H] += 648.30 8 155 LC-MS [M + H] += 670.29 8 156 LC-MS [M + H] += 666.31 8 157 LC-MS [M + H] += 703.33 7 158 LC-MS [M + H] += 703.41 7 159 LC-MS [M + H] += 737.31 7 160 LC-MS [M + H] += 754.28 7 161 LC-MS [M + H] += 728.30 7 162 LC-MS [M + H] += 739.30 7 163 LC-MS [M + H] += 791.24 7 164 LC-MS [M + H] += 717.37 7 165 LC-MS [M + H] += 718.31 7 166 LC-MS [M + H] += 727.42 9 167 LC-MS [M + H] += 727.42 9 168 LC-MS [M + H] += 763.41 9 169 LC-MS [M + H] += 763.41 9 170 LC-MS [M + H] += 743.32 18 171 LC-MS [M + H] += 743.32 18 172 LC-MS [M + H] += 760.92 18 173 LC-MS [M + H] += 647.93 9 174 LC-MS [M + H] += 647.93 9 175 LC-MS [M + H] += 718.98 18 176 LC-MS [M + H] += 705.00 18 177 LC-MS [M + H] += 705.00 18 178 LC-MS [M + H] += 752.85 7 179 LC-MS [M + H] += 678.32 8 180 LC-MS [M + H] += 676.51 8 181 LC-MS [M + H] += 634.13 8 182 LC-MS [M + H] += 690.98 8 183 LC-MS [M + H] += 691.95 8 184 LC-MS [M + H] += 690.62 8 185 LC-MS [M + H] += 676.21 8 186 LC-MS [M + H] += 676.25 8 187 LC-MS [M + H] += 648.11 8 188 LC-MS [M + H] += 704.95 8 189 LC-MS [M + H] += 725.25 8 190 LC-MS [M + H] += 724.13 8 191 LC-MS [M + H] += 708.50 8 192 LC-MS [M + H] += 710.16 8 193 LC-MS [M + H] += 682.14 8 194 LC-MS [M + H] += 739.35 8 195 LC-MS [M + H] += 712.17 8 196 LC-MS [M + H] += 710.15 8 197 LC-MS [M + H] += 696.23 8 198 LC-MS [M + H] += 696.13 8 199 LC-MS [M + H] += 668.31 8 200 LC-MS [M + H] += 725.20 8 201 LC-MS [M + H] += 825.56 8 202 LC-MS [M + H] += 726.12 8 203 LC-MS [M + H] += 782.23 8 204 LC-MS [M + H] += 620.35 8 205 LC-MS [M + H] += 778.78 16 206 LC-MS [M + H] += 778.81 16 207 LC-MS [M + H] += 768.83 8 208 LC-MS [M + H] += 768.82 8 209 LC-MS [M + H] += 818.91 8 210 LC-MS [M + H] += 832.95 8 211 LC-MS [M + H] += 690.94 9 212 LC-MS [M + H] += 690.92 9 213 LC-MS [M + H] += 650.88 9 214 LC-MS [M + H] += 647.96 9 215 LC-MS [M + H] += 647.94 9 216 LC-MS [M + H] += 727.40 8 217 LC-MS [M + H] += 727.36 8 218 LC-MS [M + H] += 727.40 8 219 LC-MS [M + H] += 754.37 8 220 LC-MS [M + H] += 740.42 8 221 LC-MS [M + H] += 762.41 8 222 LC-MS [M + H] += 732.15 8 223 LC-MS [M + H] += 764.41 8 224 LC-MS [M + H] += 796.31 8 225 LC-MS [M + H] += 796.25 8 226 LC-MS [M + H] += 762.29 8 227 LC-MS [M + H] += 798.35 8 228 LC-MS [M + H] += 762.29 8 229 LC-MS [M + H] += 776.42 8 230 LC-MS [M + H] += 766.37 8 231 LC-MS [M + H] += 766.35 8 232 LC-MS [M + H] += 782.37 8 233 LC-MS [M + H] += 761.25 8 234 LC-MS [M + H] += 782.34 8 235 LC-MS [M + H] += 796.35 8 236 LC-MS [M + H] += 780.31 8 237 LC-MS [M + H] += 784.28 8 238 LC-MS [M + H] += 784.34 8 239 LC-MS [M + H] += 800.29 8 240 LC-MS [M + H] += 816.36 8 241 LC-MS [M + H] += 780.37 8 242 LC-MS [M + H] += 816.32 8 243 LC-MS [M + H] += 834.30 8 244 LC-MS [M + H] += 738.47 8 245 LC-MS [M + H] += 742.43 8 246 LC-MS [M + H] += 780.37 8 247 LC-MS [M + H] += 601.29 19 248 LC-MS [M + H] += 631.29 19 249 LC-MS [M + H] += 685.37 19 250 LC-MS [M + H] += 716.35 19 251 LC-MS [M + H] += 643.45 19 252 LC-MS [M + H] += 657.46 19 253 LC-MS [M + H] += 643.43 19 254 LC-MS [M + H] += 683.45 19 255 LC-MS [M + H] += 677.27 19 256 LC-MS [M + H] += 691.28 19 257 LC-MS [M + H] += 691.26 19 258 LC-MS [M + H] += 691.25 19 259 LC-MS [M + H] += 695.26 19 260 LC-MS [M + H] += 695.24 19 261 LC-MS [M + H] += 695.28 19 262 LC-MS [M + H] += 711.28 19 263 LC-MS [M + H] += 711.22 19 264 LC-MS [M + H] += 757.15 19 265 LC-MS [M + H] += 698.60 19 266 LC-MS [M + H] += 706.34 8 267 LC-MS [M + H] += 679.14 20 268 LC-MS [M + H] += 691.94 20 269 LC-MS [M + H] += 691.31 8 270 LC-MS [M + H] += 699.18 8 271 LC-MS [M + H] += 699.18 8 272 LC-MS [M + H] += 663.92 8 273 LC-MS [M + H] += 777.31 8 274 LC-MS [M + H] += 692.98 8 275 LC-MS [M + H] += 679.08 8 276 LC-MS [M + H] += 679.07 8 277 LC-MS [M + H] += 754.08 8 278 LC-MS [M + H] += 733.89 8 279 LC-MS [M + H] += 689.94 8 280 LC-MS [M + H] += 665.07 8 281 LC-MS [M + H] += 723.08 8 282 LC-MS [M + H] += 743.02 8 283 LC-MS [M + H] += 712.12 8 284 LC-MS [M + H] += 728.04 8 285 LC-MS [M + H] += 748.03 8 286 LC-MS [M + H] += 755.05 8 287 LC-MS [M + H] += 703.88 8 288 LC-MS [M + H] += 711.32 8 289 LC-MS [M + H] += 725.97 8 290 LC-MS [M + H] += 705.31 12 291 LC-MS [M + H] += 719.29 12 292 LC-MS [M + H] += 733.42 12 293 LC-MS [M + H] += 775.31 12 294 LC-MS [M + H] += 801.32 12 295 LC-MS [M + H] += 789.36 12 296 LC-MS [M + H] += 809.28 12 297 LC-MS [M + H] += 823.40 12 298 LC-MS [M + H] += 741.43 8 299 LC-MS [M + H] += 756.18 8 300 LC-MS [M + H] += 770.14 8 301 LC-MS [M + H] += 756.25 8 302 LC-MS [M + H] += 739.09 8 303 LC-MS [M + H] += 719.51 21 304 LC-MS [M + H] += 733.20 21 305 LC-MS [M + H] += 675.89 8 306 LC-MS [M + H] += 703.97 8 307 LC-MS [M + H] += 708.08 8 308 LC-MS [M + H] += 708.08 8 309 LC-MS [M + H] += 775.89 22 310 LC-MS [M + H] += 617.98 1 311 LC-MS [M + H] += 634.01 14 312 LC-MS [M + H] += 607.96 14 313 LC-MS [M + H] += 727.08 22 314 LC-MS [M + H] += 771.00, 772.93 22 315 LC-MS [M + H] += 733.11 22 316 LC-MS [M + H] += 750.10 22 317 LC-MS [M + H] += 743.15 22 318 LC-MS [M + H] += 769.16 22 319 LC-MS [M + H] += 770.99, 772.13 22 320 LC-MS [M + H] += 775.95 22 321 LC-MS [M + H] += 760.11 22 322 LC-MS [M + H] += 790.10 22 323 LC-MS [M + H] += 802.15 22 324 LC-MS [M + H] += 769.11 22 325 LC-MS [M + H] += 828.04 22 326 LC-MS [M + H] += 887.91, 889.87 22 327 LC-MS [M + H] += 878.15 22 328 LC-MS [M + H] += 824.06 22 329 LC-MS [M + H] += 860.07 22 330 LC-MS [M + H] += 630 7 331 LC-MS [M + H] += 647 7 332 LC-MS [M + H] += 658 7 333 LC-MS [M + H] += 675 7 334 LC-MS [M + H] += 669 7 335 LC-MS [M + H] += 632 7 336 LC-MS [M + H] += 646 7 337 LC-MS [M + H] += 646 7 338 LC-MS [M + H] += 646 7 339 LC-MS [M + H] += 660 7 340 LC-MS [M + H] += 658 7 341 LC-MS [M + H] += 702 7 342 LC-MS [M + H] += 714 7 343 LC-MS [M + H] += 675.9 7 344 LC-MS [M + H] += 675.9 7 355 LC-MS [M + H] += 676 7 356 LC-MS [M + H] += 676 7 357 LC-MS [M + H] += 672 7 358 LC-MS [M + H] += 726 7 359 LC-MS [M + H] += 644 7 360 LC-MS [M + H] += 632 7 361 LC-MS [M + H] += 618 7 362 LC-MS [M + H] += 694 7 363 LC-MS [M + H] += 601 23 364 LC-MS [M + H] += 686 7 365 LC-MS [M + H] += 741 7 366 LC-MS [M + H] += 692 7 367 LC-MS [M + H] += 612 7 368 LC-MS [M + H] += 626 7 369 LC-MS [M + H] += 672 7 370 LC-MS [M + H] += 774 7 371 LC-MS [M + H] += 734 7 372 LC-MS [M + H] += 660 7 373 LC-MS [M + H] += 784 7 374 LC-MS [M + H] += 762 7 375 LC-MS [M + H] += 666 7 376 LC-MS [M + H] += 650 7 377 LC-MS [M + H] += 678 7 378 LC-MS [M + H] += 678 7 379 LC-MS [M + H] += 626 23 380 LC-MS [M + H] += 626 23 381 LC-MS [M + H] += 627 7 382 LC-MS [M + H] += 667 7 383 LC-MS [M + H] += 681 7 384 LC-MS [M + H] += 723 7 385 LC-MS [M + H] += 695 7 386 LC-MS [M + H] += 695 7 387 LC-MS [M + H] += 667 7 388 LC-MS [M + H] += 697 7 389 LC-MS [M + H] += 711 7 390 LC-MS [M + H] += 669 7 391 LC-MS [M + H] += 695 7 392 LC-MS [M + H] += 724 7 393 LC-MS [M + H] += 703 7 394 LC-MS [M + H] += 727/729 7 395 LC-MS [M + H] += 667 7

    Example 3. Biological Assay

    [0458] Fluorescence polarization (FP) experiments were performed in 96-well, black round-bottom plates (Microfluor 2, Fisher Scientific) using the CLARIOstar microplate reader (BMG Labtech). To each well, 5 nM of fluoresceinlabeled tracer and 200 nM of STAT5 and/or STAT6 protein were added to a final volume of 100 μl in the assay buffer (PBS pH7.4+0.01% BGG+0.01% Tween-20, 2 mM DTT). The plate was mixed on a shaker for 15 m and incubated at room temperature for 1 h to reach equilibrium. The polarization values in millipolarization (mP) units were measured at an excitation wavelength of 485 nm and an emission wavelength of 530 nm. All experimental data were analyzed using Prism 8.0 software (GraphPad Software), and the inhibition constants were determined by nonlinear curve fitting as the concentration of the STAT5 and/or STAT6 at which 50% of the ligand is bound.

    TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Summary of Bio Assay Data Cpd. Binding No. STAT6 STAT5A  1 B D  2 B C  3 C D  4 B C  5 D D  6 C D  7 C D  8 D D  9 C D  10 C D  11 C D  12 C D  13 C D  14 C D  15 C C  16 C D  17 C C  18 D D  19 C D  20 D D  21 C D  22 D D  23 C C  24 D D  25 D C  26 D D  27 C D  28 D D  29 D D  30 D D  31 D B  32 D D  33 D D  34 D D  35 D D  36 D D  37 B C  38 C C  39 B C  40 B C  41 C D  42 B C  43 B B  44 B C  45 B C  46 B B  47 B  48 B  49 B  50 B  51 B  52 B  53 C  54 B  55 B  56 B  57 B  58 C D  59 C D  60 C D  61 C D  62 C D  63 C D  64 B D  65 C D  66 C D  67 A D  68 C D  69 C D  70 C D  71 C D  72 C D  73 C D  74 C D  75 C D  76 C D  77 C D  78 D D  79 D D  80 D D  81 D D  82 D D  83 D D  84 D D  85 D D  86 D D  87 D D  88 D D  89 D D  90 D D  91 D D  92 D D  93 D D  94 D D  95 D D  96 D D  97 D D  98 C D  99 B C 100 C D 101 C D 102 B D 103 C C 104 C C 105 C D 106 B C 107 C D 108 C D 109 B D 110 C D 111 B D 112 B D 113 B C 114 B C 115 C D 116 B C 117 B C 118 B C 119 C D 120 C D 121 C D 122 B D 123 C D 124 B C 125 B C 126 B C 127 B C 128 C D 129 B C 130 B D 131 C D 132 B B 133 C D 134 C D 135 B C 136 B C 137 C D 138 B D 139 C D 140 B D 141 B C 142 C D 143 C D 144 B C 145 B D 146 B C 147 B D 148 B C 149 B D 150 C D 151 C D 152 C D 153 C D 154 C D 155 D D 156 C D 157 C D 158 B D 159 C D 160 C D 161 B D 162 B D 163 C D 164 C D 165 C C 166 C D 167 C D 168 C D 169 C D 170 B C 171 C D 172 173 C D 174 C D 175 B C 176 C C 177 C D 178 B C 179 B C 180 B C 181 D D 182 C B 183 B C 184 B C 185 C C 186 D C 187 C D 188 C B 189 B C 190 B C 191 C D 192 D D 193 D D 194 C B 195 A C 196 A C 197 C D 198 B C 199 C D 200 C B 201 C B 202 C C 203 C B 204 C D 205 C C 206 C B 207 C C 208 C B 209 C D 210 C C 211 B C 212 C C 213 C D 214 C D 215 C D 216 D D 217 A 218 B 219 A 220 B 221 B 222 B 223 A 224 A 225 B 226 B 227 B 228 B 229 C 230 B 231 B 232 B 233 A 234 B 235 C 236 C 237 B 238 B 239 C 240 B 241 C 242 B 243 B 244 C 245 B 246 B 247 C 248 D 249 C 250 D 251 D 252 D 253 D 254 C 255 B 256 C 257 C 258 D 259 C 260 B 261 C 262 C 263 D 264 C 265 B 266 C 267 268 269 B 270 B 271 B 272 B 273 B 274 B 275 B 276 B 277 A 278 B 279 B 280 A 281 A 282 A 283 B 284 B 285 B 286 B 287 B 288 B 289 A 290 B 291 B 292 B 293 B 294 B 295 B 296 B 297 B 298 299 B 300 A 301 A 302 B 303 C 304 C 305 C B 306 D C 307 B C 308 C C 309 B C 310 C D 311 C C 312 C C 313 B C 314 B C 315 B C 316 B C 317 B C 318 C C 319 C D 320 C D 321 C 322 B 323 C 324 C 325 B 326 C 327 C 328 B 329 C 330 D 331 D 332 D 333 D 334 D 335 D 336 C 337 C 338 D 339 D 340 D 341 C 342 C 343 C 344 D 355 D 356 D 357 D 358 D 359 B 360 D 361 D 362 C 363 D 364 D 365 D 366 D 367 D 368 D 369 D 370 C 371 D 372 D 373 C 374 D 375 D 376 D 377 D 378 D 379 D 380 D 381 D 382 D 383 D 384 D 385 D 386 D 387 D 388 D 389 C 390 D 391 D 392 D 393 D 394 D 395 D “A”: < 0.1 μM; “B”: 0.1-1 μM; “C”: 1-10 μM; “D”: > 10 μM.

    INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

    [0459] All publications and patents mentioned herein are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety as if each individual publication or patent was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference. In case of conflict, the present application, including any definitions herein, will control.

    EQUIVALENTS

    [0460] As used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to “an agent” includes a plurality of such agents, and reference to “the cell” includes reference to one or more cells (or to a plurality of cells) and equivalents thereof known to those skilled in the art, and so forth.

    [0461] While specific embodiments of the subject invention have been discussed, the above specification is illustrative and not restrictive. Many variations of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon review of this specification and the claims below. The full scope of the invention should be determined by reference to the claims, along with their full scope of equivalents, and the specification, along with such variations.