Abstract
The present invention relates to inflatable bladder actuated water control gates for control of open channels such as rivers and canals and for control of dam spillways without the need for intermediate piers. The air bladder and hinge flap wedge clamping system includes hinged engagement of the upstream edge of the clamps to the foundation so as to prevent the application of bending and shear loads to the anchor bolts. The resulting configuration facilitates the use of high strength alloy steel anchor bolts in a corrosion protected environment and also prevents tensile loading of the concrete foundation and associated cracking of the concrete foundation.
Claims
1. A system for clamping a water control gate to a spillway by use of the following elements to pivotally clamp a water control gate to a spillway: at least one hinge flap, an air bladder, at least one clamp casting to hold said at least one hinge flap and said air bladder in place, wherein said clamp casting is in turn held in place vertically by at least one anchor bolt and nut assembly, wherein said anchor bolt and nut assembly comprises a nut, a spherical washer, a lower nut, a lock nut, and an anchor plate, an upstream and downstream embed; wherein said clamp casting is held in place horizontally by said upstream embed, and an anchor plate, a sealant to occlude water from the said anchor bolt and nut assembly, wherein said sealant comprises a clamp casting anchor bolt hole cover; a compressible rubber seal with an upper end and a lower end; an anchor bolt upper spacer; and a water and oxygen displacing substance; and an air connection.
2. A system for clamping a water control gate to a spillway as described in claim 1 further comprising creating a sleeved anchor bolt portion.
3. A system for clamping a water control gate to a spillway as described in claim 2 further comprising sufficient clearance between the sleeved anchor bolts and the clamp casting holes to allow compression of the rubber seal using said nut without resulting in damaging contact between the anchor bolt and the clamp casting during assembly.
4. A system for clamping a water control gate to a spillway as described in claim 2 further comprising the sleeve portion of said sleeved anchor bolt may be made of PVC plastic tube, a rubber tape wrapped around the pipe, that is either compliant in shear or that does not bond to the concrete.
5. A system for clamping a water control gate to a spillway as described in claim 1 wherein said anchor bolt exerts upward force on said spillway through said anchor plate.
6. A system for clamping a water control gate to a spillway as described in claim 1 wherein said air connection is used to control the air volume and pressure in said air bladder.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
(1) FIG. 1 is a sectional elevation of the anchor bolt and clamping assembly portion of a water control gate in accordance with prior art.
(2) FIG. 2 is a sectional elevation of another anchor bolt and clamping assembly portion of a water control gate in accordance with prior art, shown during installation.
(3) FIG. 3 is a sectional elevation of the anchor bolt and clamping assembly portion of the water control gate assembly in accordance with prior art of FIG. 2, shown with the clamp installed.
(4) FIG. 4 is a sectional elevation of the anchor bolt and clamping assembly of a prior art water control gate shown as affected by impact of a boulder to a gate panel rib.
(5) FIG. 5 is a sectional elevation of a water control gate in accordance with the present invention.
(6) FIG. 6 is a plan view of the water control gate of FIG. 5.
(7) FIG. 7 is a sectional elevation of the clamping assembly of a water control gate in accordance with the present invention, shown during installation.
(8) FIG. 8 is a sectional elevation of the clamping assembly of a water control gate in accordance with the present invention, shown installed.
(9) FIG. 9 is a view after installation of the assembly of FIG. 8.
(10) FIG. 10 is an isometric view showing the relationship between foundation loads.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
(11) Referring to FIG. 1, prior art shows that compression of hinge flap 6 and air bladder 7 may require an externally applied downward force on clamp casting 19 such as from a hydraulic excavator bucket 18. It should be noted that the term “clamp casting” is used herein to describe the clamps which, although commonly cast, might also be made by forging, flame cutting, or additive manufacturing, for example.
(12) Referring to FIG. 2, prior art shows an external force such as from a hydraulic excavator bucket 18 may be required to seat non-pivoting clamp 19 against hinge flap 6 and air bladder 7.
(13) Referring to FIG. 3, prior art clamp 19 is shown in its installed position against hinge flap 6 and air bladder 7. Upstream embed 12 in spillway (foundation) 15 provides horizontal restraint to clamp casting 19 once installation is complete. Gate panel 28 is shown attached to hinge flap 6 by means of hinge retainer 11 and bolt 12.
(14) Referring to FIG. 4, prior art clamp 1 has moved downstream in response to an impact by boulder 17 to gate panel 28, causing anchor bolt 4 to bend and causing cracks 30 and 31 in foundation 15.
(15) Referring to FIG. 5, a sectional elevation through a water control gate system in accordance with the present invention is shown. Clamp casting 1 holds in place hinge flap 6 and air bladder 7. Clamp casting 1 is in turn held in place vertically by anchor bolt 4 in conjunction with nut 2, spherical washer 3, lower nut 23, lock nut 21, and anchor plate 22. Clamp casting 1 is held in place horizontally by upstream embed 41. The mating cylindrical surfaces of clamp casting 1 and upstream embed 41 act as a hinge during the assembly process and act to horizontally restrain clamp casting 1 after installation. Air connection 29 is used to control the air volume and pressure in bladder 7. It should be noted that the term “air bladder” is used herein to describe the inflatable actuator used to control the gate panel 28. Air bladder 7 might also be inflated with water, freeze-resistant solution, or nitrogen gas, for example.
(16) Referring to FIG. 6, a plan view of the water control gate system of FIG. 5 is shown in its lowered position. Clamp castings 1 secure hinge flap 6 to spillway 15. Gate panel 28 is secured by hinge flap 6 which is in turn secured by clamp castings 1.
(17) Referring to FIG. 7, a sectional elevation of the clamping assembly in accordance with the present invention is shown during the installation process. Clamp casting 1 rests on upstream embed 41 and on hinge flap 6. The clamp casting 1 is being tightened against hinge flap 6 by hydraulic torque wrench 26 with socket 27 engaged with spherical nut 2 mated to spherical washer 3. Cavity 5 in clamp casting 1 is shaped to clear anchor bolt 4 throughout its range of motion during installation. In this way anchor bolt 4 is not damaged and the concrete in the vicinity of anchor bolt embed 9 is not damaged. Hinge flap 6 seats against air bladder 7 which in turn seats against wedge embed 16.
(18) Referring to FIG. 8, the clamping assembly of FIG. 7 is shown after installation. Nut 2 is tight against spherical washer 3 which tightly holds clamp casting 1 against hinge flap 6 and air bladder 7. The anchor bolt 4 exerts its upward force on the concrete through anchor plate 22. Angular gap 37 may be filled with silicone caulk for example to keep out sand and rocks.
(19) Referring to FIG. 9, angular gap 37, needed for assembly has been provided by tapering the embed rather than the clamp casting 1. In other respects the assembly is the same as that shown in FIG. 7.
(20) Referring to FIG. 10, the geometric relationship between the anchor bolt 4, vertical forces 37 on pivot embed 41 and wedge embed 16, vertical force 38 on anchor plate 22, upstream/downstream rebar tension 34, upstream/downstream concrete compression 35, transverse rebar tension 32, transverse concrete compression 33. Constraint by the rebar and anchor bolts leaves the concrete in the vicinity of anchor bolts 4 in generally tri-axial compression and thus suppresses cracking in response to shear loads. It should be noted that standard construction practice would provide for rebar both transverse and parallel to the flow and to the spillway axis. The use of such rebar is implied although it is not shown on the drawings in the interest of avoiding clutter.
(21) Referring to FIGS. 5, 6, 7, 8a and 8b, clamp casting 1 is positively located along the upstream/downstream axis 25 (FIG. 6) by clamp pivot embed 41. Clamp casting 1 is free to pivot in clamp pivot embed 41 in response to adjustment of spherical nut 2. Spherical nut 2 minimizes any bending moments transmitted between anchor bolt 4 and clamp casting 1. Clamp casting anchor bolt hole 5 has sufficient clearance upstream and downstream of anchor bolt 4 to allow clamp casting 1 to be initially positioned, as shown in FIG. 7, over hinge flap 6 and air bladder 7 while kept aligned and positioned by clamp pivot embed 2 and without contacting, scraping, or damaging the upper threads 34 of anchor bolt 4. Gap 22 between clamp casting 1 and the adjacent edge of embed 41 allows clamp 1 to pivot upward without interference. Compressible seal 8 is compressed against clamp casting 1, anchor bolt upper spacer 9, and anchor bolt sleeve 10, keeping water and oxygen out of the clearance 5 between anchor bolt sleeve 10 and clamp casting 1 and also away from the upper un-sleeved portion of anchor bolt 4. Rubber cap 11 in conjunction with rubber plug 12 keeps water from entering through the top of clamp casting 1. The space between clamp casting 1 and anchor bolt 4 may be filled with corrosion preventing material such as grease or paraffin. Optional gap filler 29, which may be silicone caulk for example, serves to prevent sand, gravel, and rocks from falling between the upstream edge of clamp casting 1 and clamp pivot embed 41. The gap filler may be replaced as needed. Anchor bolt sleeve 10 may be a PVC plastic tube, a rubber tape wrapped around the pipe, or other material that is either compliant in shear or that does not bond to the concrete.
(22) As can be easily understood from the foregoing, the basic concepts of the present invention may be embodied in a variety of ways. It involves both water control gates or other devices to accomplish the appropriate method. In this application, the inflatable actuation methods are disclosed as part of the results shown to be achieved by the various devices described and as steps which are inherent to utilization. They are simply the natural result of utilizing the devices as intended and described. In addition, while some devices are disclosed, it should be understood that these not only accomplish certain methods but also can be varied in a number of ways. Importantly, as to all of the foregoing, all of these facets should be understood to be encompassed by this disclosure.
(23) The discussion included in this application is intended to serve as a basic description. The reader should be aware that the specific discussion may not explicitly describe all embodiments possible; many alternatives are implicit. It also may not fully explain the generic nature of the invention and may not explicitly show how each feature or element can actually be representative of a broader function or of a great variety of alternative or equivalent elements. Again, these are implicitly included in this disclosure. Where the invention is described in device-oriented terminology, each element of the device implicitly performs a function. Apparatus claims may not only be included for the device described, but also method or process claims may be included to address the functions the invention and each element performs. Neither the description nor the terminology is intended to limit the scope of the claims which are included in this patent application.
