FLAME-RETARDANT MIXTURES, FLAME-RETARDING POLYMER COMPOSITIONS, CABLE EQUIPPED THEREWITH AND USE THEREOF

Abstract

Flame-retardant mixtures containing: a) salt of phosphinic acid of formula (I), wherein R1 and R2 mean, independently of each other, alkyl-, cycloalkyl-, aryl- or aralkyl, substituted as applicable, M is m-valent cation, and m means 1 to 4, b) salt of phosphinic acid of formula (II), differing from component a), wherein R3 means substituted, as applicable, alkyl-, cycloalkyl-, cycloalkyl-alkyl, aryl- or aralkyl, preferably with alkyl radicals as substituents, R4 is alkyl having even number of carbon atoms (if R1 and/or R2 are alkyl, R4 has double, triple or quadruple the number of carbon atoms of R1 or R2), M is n-valent cation and n means 1 to 4, c) organylphosphonate, d) phosphite, e) as applicable, a representative selected from the group consisting of triazine complex, polyphosphate, hypophosphite, nitrogenous diphosphate, organophosphate, phosphazene and/or polyphosphonate, f) as applicable, a representative selected from the group consisting of metal hydroxide, metal carbonate, metal borate, zinc stannate and/or intumescence additive, and g) as applicable, pigment, wherein at least one of components e) and/or f) must be present in the mixture. The mixtures can use thermoplastic and elastomeric polymers to produce flame-retardant polymer compositions, which are exceptionally suitable for producing cable sheathing or cable insulation.

Claims

1. A flame retardant mixture comprising a) 2-99.8% by weight of the salt of a phosphinic acid of the formula (I) ##STR00007## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl that are optionally substituted, M is an m-valent cation, and m is 1 to 4, b) 0.005-10% by weight of the salt of a phosphinic acid of the formula (II) that differs from component a) ##STR00008## in which R.sub.3 is optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl or aralkyl, preferably with alkyl radicals as substituents, R.sub.4 is alkyl with an even number of carbon atoms, with the proviso that, if R.sub.1 and/or R.sub.2 are alkyl, R.sub.4 has twice, three times or four times the number of carbon atoms of R.sub.1 or R.sub.2, M is an n-valent cation, and n is 1 to 4, c) 0.005-10% by weight of organylphosphonate, d) 0.005-20% by weight of phosphite, e) 0-97.985% by weight of a representative selected from the group of triazine complex, polyphosphate, hypophosphite, nitrogen-containing diphosphate, organophosphate, phosphazene and/or polyphosphonate, f) 0-97.985% by weight of a representative selected from the group of metal hydroxide, metal carbonate, metal borate, zinc stannate and/or intumescent additive, and g) 0-30% by weight of pigment, where the percentages are based on the total mass of the flame retardant mixture and where at least one of components e) and f) must be present.

2. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 1, which comprises, as well as components a) to d), a representative of components e) and f).

3. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein M is a mono- to tetravalent metal cation, most preferably Al, Fe, TiO.sub.p or Zn, in which p is a number having the value of (4−m)/2 or having the value of (4−n)/2.

4. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently C.sub.1-C.sub.6-alkyl or phenyl, and are especially each ethyl.

5. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein R.sub.3 is C.sub.1-C.sub.6-alkyl or phenyl, especially ethyl, R.sub.4 is ethyl, butyl, hexyl, octyl or decyl, n is 2 or 3 and M is Al, Fe or Zn.

6. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein component c) is a compound of the formula (III) ##STR00009## in which R.sub.5 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl that is optionally substituted, Met is an o-valent cation, and o is 1 to 4.

7. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 6, wherein R.sub.5 is methyl or ethyl, o is 2 or 3 and Met is Al, Fe or Zn.

8. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein component d) is a compound of the formula (IV) or (V)
[(HO)PO.sub.2].sup.2−.sub.q/2 Cat.sup.q+  (IV)
[(HO).sub.2PO].sup.−.sub.q Cat.sup.q+  (V) in which Cat is a q-valent cation, especially a cation of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, an ammonium cation and/or a cation of Fe, Zn or especially of Al, including the cations Al(OH) or Al(OH).sub.2, and q is 1, 2, 3 or 4.

9. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein component e) is a melamine polyphosphate having a decomposition temperature of not less than 320° C., especially of not less than 360° C. and most preferably of not less than 400° C.

10. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein component f) is aluminum hydroxide, calcium carbonate, zinc borate and/or zinc stannate.

11. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 1, which comprises 5-95% by weight of component a), 0.08-8% by weight of component b), 0.08-8% by weight of component c), 0.08-20% by weight of component d), 1-93% by weight of component e), and/or 0.3-10% by weight of component g).

12. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 11, which comprises 75-98.46% by weight of component a), 0.08-8% by weight of component b), 0.08-8% by weight of component c), 0.08-20% by weight of component d), 1-24% by weight of component f), and/or 0.3-10% by weight of component g).

13. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 1, which comprises, as component a), a compound of the formula (I) in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each ethyl and M is Al, and, as component b), a compound of the formula (II) selected from the group of the Al salts of ethylbutylphosphinic acid, dibutylphosphinic acid, ethylhexylphosphinic acid, butylhexylphosphinic acid or dihexylphosphinic acid.

14. A flame-retardant polymer composition comprising a) salt of a phosphinic acid of the formula (I) ##STR00010## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl that are optionally substituted, M is an m-valent cation, and m is 1 to 4, b) salt of a phosphinic acid of the formula (II) that differs from component a) ##STR00011## in which R.sub.3 is optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl or aralkyl, preferably with alkyl radicals as substituents, R.sub.4 is alkyl with an even number of carbon atoms, with the proviso that, if R.sub.1 and/or R.sub.2 are alkyl, R.sub.4 has twice, three times or four times the number of carbon atoms of R.sub.1 or R.sub.2, M is an n-valent cation, and n is 1 to 4, c) organylphosphonate, d) phosphite, e) optionally a representative selected from the group of triazine complex, polyphosphate, hypophosphite, nitrogen-containing diphosphate, organophosphate, phosphazene and/or polyphosphonate, f) optionally a representative selected from the group of metal hydroxide, metal carbonate, metal borate, zinc stannate and/or intumescent additive, g) optionally pigment, and h) at least one thermoplastic elastomeric polymer.

15. The flame-retardant polymer composition as claimed in claim 14, wherein component h) is selected from the group of the thermoplastic and elastomeric polyurethanes (TPE-U), thermoplastic and elastomeric polyesters (TPE-E), thermoplastic and elastomeric polyamides (TPE-A), thermoplastic and elastomeric polyolefins (TPE-O), thermoplastic and elastomeric styrene polymers (TPE-S), thermoplastic silicone vulcanizates or the mixtures of two or more of these thermoplastic and elastomeric polymers.

16. The flame-retardant polymer composition as claimed in claim 14, which comprises, as component i), polyphenylene oxide and/or polyolefin.

17. The flame-retardant polymer composition as claimed in claim 14, which comprises, as component j), further additives, especially stabilizers, antistats, emulsifiers, nucleating agents, plasticizers, lubricants, processing auxiliaries, impact modifiers, further flame retardants other than components a), b), c), d), e) and f), fillers and/or reinforcers.

18. The flame-retardant polymer composition as claimed in claim 14, which comprises 0.1-50% by weight of component a), 0.00001-5% by weight of component b), 0.00001-5% by weight of component c), 0.0001-12% by weight of component d), 0-50% by weight of component e), 0-50% by weight of component f), 0.1-15% by weight of component g), and 40-99% by weight of component h), where at least one of components e) and f) must be present to an extent of at least 0.25% by weight and where the percentages are based on the total mass of the polymer composition.

19. The flame-retardant polymer composition as claimed in claim 18, which comprises 0.1-50% by weight of component a), 0.025-2.5% by weight of component b), 0.025-2.5% by weight of component c), 0.025-10% by weight of component d), 0.5-25% by weight of component e), 0-25% by weight of component f), 0.15-7.5% by weight of component g), and 40-99% by weight of component h).

20. The flame-retardant polymer composition as claimed in claim 18, which comprises 0.1-50% by weight of component a), 0.025-2.5% by weight of component b), 0.025-2.5% by weight of component c), 0.025-10% by weight of component d), 0-25% by weight of component e), 0.5-25% by weight of component f), 0.15-7.5% by weight of component g), and 40-99% by weight of component h).

21. The flame-retardant polymer composition as claimed in claim 14, which comprises 1-40% by weight of component a), 0.016-3% by weight of component b), 0.016-3% by weight of component c), 0.016-8% by weight of component d), 1-40% by weight of component e), 0.4-8% by weight of component g), 50-97% by weight of component h), and 0.5-20% by weight of polyphenylene oxide as component i), where the percentages are based on the total mass of the polymer composition.

22. The flame-retardant polymer composition as claimed in claim 14, which comprises 1-40% by weight of component a), 0.016-3% by weight of component b), 0.016-3% by weight of component c), 0.016-8% by weight of component d), 1-40% by weight of component f), 0.4-8% by weight of component g), 50-97% by weight of component h), and 0.5-20% by weight of polyphenylene oxide as component i), where the percentages are based on the total mass of the polymer composition.

23. The flame-retardant polymer composition as claimed in claim 14, which comprises 0.1-50% by weight of component a), 0.00001-5% by weight of component b), 0.00001-5% by weight of component c), 0.00001-12% by weight of component d), 0-50% by weight of component e), 0-50% by weight of component f), 0.1-15% by weight of component g), 11-73% by weight of thermoplastic and elastomeric polyurethane as component h), 0-51% by weight, preferably 11-51% by weight, of polyolefin as component i) and/or 0-30% by weight of polyphenylene oxide as component i), where at least one of components e) and f) must be present to an extent of at least 0.25% by weight and where the percentages are based on the total mass of the polymer composition.

24. The flame-retardant polymer composition as claimed in claim 14, which comprises 0.1-50% by weight of component a), 0.00001-5% by weight of component b), 0.00001-5% by weight of component c), 0.00001-12% by weight of component d), 0-50% by weight of component e), 0-50% by weight of component f), 0.1-15% by weight of component g), 11-73% by weight of thermoplastic and elastomeric polyurethane as component h), 0-40% by weight of thermoplastic silicone vulcanizate as component h), 1-40% by weight of polyolefin as component i), and 0-30% by weight of polyphenylene oxide as component i), where at least one of components e) and f) must be present to an extent of at least 0.25% by weight and where the percentages are based on the total mass of the polymer composition.

25. The flame-retardant polymer composition as claimed in claim 14, which comprises 0.1-50% by weight of component a), 0.00001-5% by weight of component b), 0.00001-5% by weight of component c), 0.00001-12% by weight of component d), 0-50% by weight of component e), 0-50% by weight of component f), 0.1-15% by weight of component g), 7-42% by weight of SEBS as component h), 5-40% by weight of polyolefin as component i), 0-30% by weight, especially 0.1% to 30% by weight, of polyphenylene oxide as component i), and 5-30% by weight of mineral oil as component j), where at least one of components e) and f) must be present to an extent of at least 0.25% by weight and where the percentages are based on the total mass of the polymer composition.

26. The flame-retardant polymer composition as claimed in claim 14, which comprises 0.1-50% by weight of component a), 0.00001-5% by weight of component b), 0.00001-5% by weight of component c), 0.00001-12% by weight of component d), 0-50% by weight of component e), 0-50% by weight of component f), 0.1-15% by weight of component g), 7-42% by weight of SEBS as component h), 1-20% by weight of EPDM as component h), 5-40% by weight of polyolefin as component i), 0-30% by weight, especially 0.1% to 30% by weight, of polyphenylene oxide as component i), and 5-30% by weight of mineral oil as component j), where at least one of components e) and f) must be present to an extent of at least 0.25% by weight and where the percentages are based on the total mass of the polymer composition.

27. The flame-retardant polymer composition as claimed in claim 14, which comprises 0.1-50% by weight of component a), 0.00001-5% by weight of component b), 0.00001-5% by weight of component c), 0.00001-12% by weight of component d), 0-50% by weight of component e), 0-50% by weight of component f), 0.1-15% by weight of component g), 23-82% by weight of TPE-E as component h), 7-41% by weight of styrene-rubber block copolymer or styrene-rubber triblock copolymer as component h), and 0-30% by weight, especially 0.1% to 30% by weight, of polyphenylene oxide as component i), where at least one of components e) and f) must be present to an extent of at least 0.25% by weight and where the percentages are based on the total mass of the polymer composition.

28. The flame-retardant polymer composition as claimed in claim 14, which comprises 0.1-50% by weight of component a), 0.00001-5% by weight of component b), 0.00001-5% by weight of component c), 0.00001-12% by weight of component d), 0-50% by weight of component e), 0-50% by weight of component f), 0.1-15% by weight of component g), 8-57% by weight of TPE-E as component h), 3-42% by weight of SEBS as component h), 0-30% by weight, especially 0.1% to 30% by weight, of polyphenylene oxide as component i), and 2-30% by weight of mineral oil as component j), where at least one of components e) and f) must be present to an extent of at least 0.25% by weight and where the percentages are based on the total mass of the polymer composition.

29. The flame-retardant polymer composition as claimed in claim 14, which comprises 0.1-50% by weight of component a), 0.00001-5% by weight of component b), 0.00001-5% by weight of component c), 0.00001-12% by weight of component d), 0-50% by weight of component e), 0-50% by weight of component f), 0.1-15% by weight of component g), 8-57% by weight of TPE-O as component h), 3-42% by weight of SEBS as component h), 0-30% by weight, especially 0.1% to 30% by weight, of polyphenylene oxide as component i), and 2-30% by weight of mineral oil as component j), where at least one of components e) and f) must be present to an extent of at least 0.25% by weight and where the percentages are based on the total mass of the polymer composition.

30. The flame-retardant polymer composition as claimed in claim 14, which comprises 0.1-50% by weight of component a), 0.00001-5% by weight of component b), 0.00001-5% by weight of component c), 0.00001-12% by weight of component d), 0-50% by weight of component e), preferably of at least one representative from the group of triazine complex, MPP, hypophosphite, nitrogen-containing diphosphates, organophosphates or phosphazene, 0-50% by weight of component f), preferably of at least one representative from the group of metal hydroxides or metal carbonates, 0.1-15% by weight of component g), 6.4-78% by weight of TPE-E as component h), 6.4-25% by weight of polybutene as component i), and 1-40% by weight of polyphenylene oxide as component i), where at least one of components e) and f) must be present to an extent of at least 0.25% by weight and where the percentages are based on the total mass of the polymer composition.

31. The flame-retardant polymer composition as claimed in claim 14, which comprises 0.1-50% by weight of component a), 0.00001-5% by weight of component b), 0.00001-5% by weight of component c), 0.00001-12% by weight of component d), 0-50% by weight of component e), preferably of at least one representative from the group of triazine complex, MPP, hypophosphite, nitrogen-containing diphosphates, organophosphates or phosphazene, 0-50% by weight of component f), preferably of at least one representative from the group of metal hydroxides or metal carbonates, 0.1-15% by weight of component g), 6.4-55% by weight of TPE-E as component h), 8-78% by weight of SEBS as component h), 6.4-25% by weight of polybutene as component i), and 1-40% by weight of polyphenylene oxide as component i), where at least one of components e) and f) must be present to an extent of at least 0.25% by weight and where the percentages are based on the total mass of the polymer composition.

32. A molding produced from a flame-retardant polymer composition as claimed in claim 14.

33. The use of the flame-retardant polymer composition as claimed in claim 14 in or for plug connectors, current-bearing components in power distributors (residual current protection), circuit boards, potting compounds, plug connectors, circuit breakers, lamp housings, LED housings, capacitor housings, coil elements and ventilators, grounding contacts, plugs, in/on printed circuit boards, housings for plugs, flexible circuit boards, engine hoods or textile coatings, and especially for all kinds of cables, cable sheaths or cable insulations.

34. The use as claimed in claim 33, wherein the flame-retardant polymer composition is used for production of cable sheaths.

35. A cable, comprising: A) one or more conduits, and B) at least one layer comprising the flame-retardant polymer composition as claimed in claim 14.

36. A cable, comprising: i) one or more conduits, ii) at least one sheath of the conduit(s) with at least one polymeric layer, iii) optionally at least one layer of separating agent on the sheath of the conduit(s), iv) optionally at least one layer of shielding material, v) optionally filling elements introduced between the conduits i), the one or more sheaths or layers ii), iii) or iv), and vi) optionally an outer shell with at least one polymeric layer, with the proviso that at least one of the polymeric layers comprises the flame-retardant polymer composition as claimed in claim 14.

Description

[0440] FIG. 1 describes, by way of example, a configuration of a cable of the invention. What are shown are conduits (1, 2) each ensheathed by a layer (3, 4) of the polymer composition of the invention. The ensheathed conduit (2) is additionally encased on the outer shell of the sheath (4) by a layer of separating agent (5). The combination of conduits (1, 3 and 2, 4, 5) is encased by a layer (6) of non-flame-retardant polymer composition. Within this casing, as well as the combination of conduits, there are also filler elements (7). On the outside of layer (6) is mounted a film screen (8), for example made of metal braid. One or more of these cable elements composed of the combination of conduits and the further elements (6, 7) are ultimately provided with an outer polymer shell (9). FIG. 1 elucidates an embodiment of a cable of the invention without limiting the invention thereto.

[0441] In a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, it is conceivable that the conduits (1, 2) are each ensheathed by a layer (3, 4) of a polymer composition, where said polymer composition is not a polymer composition of the invention. The ensheathed conduit (1) is additionally encased on the outer shell of the sheath (3) by a layer of separating agent (5). The combination of conduits (1, 3, 5 and 2, 4) is encased by a layer (6) of non-flame-retardant polymer composition. Within this casing, as well as the combination of conduits, there are also filler elements (7). On the outside of layer (6) is mounted a film screen (8), for example made of metal braid. One or more of these cable elements composed of the combination of conduits and the further elements (6, 7, 8) are ultimately provided with an outer polymer shell (9) of flame-retardant polymer composition of the invention.

[0442] In a further configuration of the cable of the invention, it is also conceivable that the conduits (1, 2) are each ensheathed by a layer (3, 4) of polymer composition, where just one of the layers (3, 4) the other of the layers (3, 4) does not contain a flame-retardant polymer composition of the invention.

[0443] The examples which follow elucidate the invention without restricting it.

[0444] Production of Compounds

[0445] The flame-retardant polymer compounds were produced in a Haake Polylab QC kneader from Thermo Scientific by kneading the amounts weighed out according to CORRECTED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA/EP the recipes in table 1 (for example 50 g in total) at 250° C. for 5 min, and cooling and grinding in a Retsch cutting mill.

[0446] These were used to press 12*12 cm plaques in a Dr. Collin P200T laboratory press.

[0447] Production, processing and testing of flame-retardant polymer compounds

[0448] The raw materials were mixed in the ratios specified in the tables and incorporated in via the side intake of a twin-screw extruder (Leistritz ZSE 27/44D) at temperatures of to 275° C. The homogenized polymer strand was drawn off, cooled in a water bath and then pelletized.

[0449] The dry pellets were used to produce a cable consisting of 3 copper cores, each of which had its own non-flame-retardant sheath, by extruding the flame-retardant polymer compound around the 3 braids. In accordance with the instructions from Underwriter Laboratories, the vertical wire flame test (VW-1) was conducted on the cables.

[0450] Determination of Degree of Elution

[0451] 5 g of shredded starting compound were stirred with 34.8 g of 8% NaOH (solids concentration 13%) in a closed Schott glass bottle at room temperature for 8 h. Then the mixture was filtered through a black band filter paper and the filtrate was concentrated to about 6 g in a drying cabinet at 100° C. The filtrate was cooled and then filtered again. The filtercake of the compound after elution was dried in a drying cabinet at 100° C., then the P content thereof was determined.

[00001]$\mathrm{Degree}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{elution}\left[\%\right]=100-\frac{P\mathrm{content}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{compound}\mathrm{after}\mathrm{elution}\left[\%\right]*100}{P\mathrm{content}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{starting}\mathrm{compound}\left[\%\right]}$

[0452] Raw Materials

[0453] Telomer used in accordance with the invention is aluminum ethylbutylphosphinate present in a proportion in a phosphinic acid salt, for example in the aluminum salt of diethylphosphinic acid prepared in analogy to example 1 of DE 10 2014 001 222 A1 (components a) and b)).

[0454] Alkylphosphonate used in accordance with the invention is aluminum ethylphosphonate prepared according to example 4 of U.S. Pat. No. 7,420,007 B2 (component c)).

[0455] Phosphite used in accordance with the invention is aluminum salt of phosphonic acid prepared according to example 1 of DE 10 2011 120 218 A1 (component d)).

[0456] Triazine complex used in accordance with the invention is melamine cyanurate from Shandong Shouguang Weidong Chemical Company (component e)).

[0457] Polyphosphate used in accordance with the invention is Budit 3141 from Budenheim (component e)).

[0458] Hypophosphite used in accordance with the invention is aluminum hypophosphite from Suzhou Antifire New Materials Co. (component e)).

[0459] Nitrogen-containing diphosphate used in accordance with the invention is a mixture of 60% piperazine pyrophosphate and 40% melamine pyro-/diphosphate (component e)).

[0460] Organophosphate used in accordance with the invention is Fyroflex RDP from ICL-IP (component e)).

[0461] Phosphazene used in accordance with the invention is Rabitle FP-110 from Fushimi (component e)).

[0462] Polyphosphonate used in accordance with the invention is Nofia HM 1100 from FRX Polymers (component e)).

[0463] Zinc borate used in accordance with the invention is Firebrake 500 from Rio Tinto (component f)).

[0464] Metal hydroxide used in accordance with the invention is aluminum hydroxide from Huber (component f)).

[0465] Metal carbonate used in accordance with the invention is calcite from Omnya (component f)).

[0466] PA66 used in the comparative examples is Ultramid A 27 E from BASF.

[0467] Glass fibers 1 used in the comparative examples are PPG 3610 from PPG.

[0468] PBT used in the comparative examples is Ultradur B4400 from BASF.

[0469] Glass fibers 2 used in the comparative examples are Vetrotex 995 from St. Gobain.

[0470] HTN used in the comparative examples is Zytel HTN 502 H NC10 from DuPont.

[0471] PPE used in accordance with the invention is PP0646 from Sabic (component i)).

[0472] SEBS used in accordance with the invention is Hytrel G1651 from DuPont (component h)).

[0473] TPE-E used in accordance with the invention is Hytrel G4074 from DuPont (component h)).

[0474] SEBS used in accordance with the invention is SEBS 6154 from Taiwan Rubber Co. (component h)).

[0475] Naphtha oil used in accordance with the invention is type KN4010 from Suzhou Hansen Special Oil Products (component j)).

[0476] PP used in accordance with the invention is type K7926 from Shanghai Secco Petrochemical (component i)).

[0477] TPU used in accordance with the invention is type Wantane WHT-8190 from Yantai Wanhua (component h)).

[0478] ABS used in accordance with the invention is Nancar 1965 from Nandi Chemical Industry Co. (component h)).

EXAMPLES 1-3 (COMPARISONS)

[0479] According to the general methods, the raw materials from table 1 were used to knead compounds, press plaques and determine the degree of elution. The degree of elution for PA66, PBT and HTN was higher (i.e. the assessment was worse) than for the polymer compounds of the invention.

EXAMPLES 4-22 (INVENTIVE)

[0480] According to general methods, with the figures from table 1, TPEE-styrene-butadiene block copolymer blend, phosphinic salt, telomer, phosphonate, phosphite, triazine complex, polyphosphate, nitrogen-containing diphosphate, hypophosphite, organophosphate, phosphazene, metal hydroxide, zinc borate, metal carbonate and pigments (Kronos 2230 titanium dioxide, White Seal zinc oxide from Bruggemann) were used to produce flame-retardant polymer compounds of the invention, plaques were pressed, the degree of elution thereof was determined, cables were produced and the fire protection classification was determined. The degree of elution was lower (i.e. the assessment was better) than in the comparative examples.

EXAMPLES 23-30 (INVENTIVE)

[0481] According to general methods, with the figures from table 3, SEBS-PP-naphtha oil blend, PPE, phosphinic salt, telomer, phosphonate, phosphite, polyphosphate, metal hydroxide and the pigments used in examples 4-22 were used to produce flame-retardant polymer compounds of the invention, plaques were pressed, the degree of elution thereof was determined, cables were produced and the fire protection classification was determined. The degree of elution was lower (i.e. the assessment was better) than in the comparative examples.

EXAMPLE 31 (INVENTIVE)

[0482] According to general methods, with the figures from table 3, SEBS-PP blend, phosphinic salt, telomer, phosphonate, phosphite, triazine complex, polyphosphate and the pigments used in examples 4-22 were used to produce flame-retardant polymer compounds of the invention, plaques were pressed, the degree of elution thereof was determined, cables were produced and the fire protection classification was determined. The degree of elution was lower (i.e. the assessment was better) than in the comparative examples.

EXAMPLES 32-44 (INVENTIVE)

[0483] According to general methods, with the figures from table 4, a polyolefin-TPU blend, PPE, phosphinic salt, telomer, phosphonate, phosphite, triazine complex, polyphosphate, nitrogen-containing diphosphate, hypophosphite, polyphosphate, metal hydroxides, metal carbonate and the pigments used in examples 4-22 were used to produce flame-retardant polymer compounds of the invention, plaques were pressed, the degree of elution thereof was determined, cables were produced and the fire protection classification was determined. The degree of elution was lower (i.e. the assessment was better) than in the comparative examples.

EXAMPLE 45 (INVENTIVE)

[0484] According to general methods, with the figures from table 4, TPU, PPE, phosphinic salt, telomer, phosphonate, phosphite, polyphosphate and the pigments used in examples 4-22 were used to produce flame-retardant polymer compounds of the invention, plaques were pressed, the degree of elution thereof was determined, cables were produced and the fire protection classification was determined. The degree of elution was lower (i.e. the assessment was better) than in the comparative examples.

EXAMPLES 46-50 (INVENTIVE)

[0485] According to general methods, with the figures from table 5, a TPEE-PP-ABS blend, phosphinic salt, telomer, phosphonate, phosphite, triazine complex, polyphosphate and the pigments used in examples 4-22 were used to produce flame-retardant polymer compounds of the invention, plaques were pressed, the degree of elution thereof was determined, cables were produced and the fire protection classification was determined. The degree of elution was lower (i.e. the assessment was better) than in the comparative examples.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Comparative examples Phos- phinic Telo- Phos- Phos- Triazine Poly- Zn Glass VW-1 PA66 PBT HTN salt mers phonate phite complex phosphate borate fibers TiO.sub.2 passed Elution Ex. [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [y/n] [%] Comments V1 48.92 — — 12.1 1.1 0.04 0.04 — 5.8 1 30 1 N 98 glass fibers 1 V2 — 48.94 — 12.9 0.3 0.03 0.03 6.8 — — 30 1 N 95 glass fibers 2 V3 — — 48.98 15.8 0.2 0.02 4 — — — 30 1 N 92 glass fibers 1

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 TPEE-styrene-butadiene block copolymer blends SB Phos- Phos- Poly- P—N- block phinic Telo- pho- Phos- Triazine phos- unsat. Zn Me VW-1 TPEE cop. PPE salt mers nate phite compl. phate agent borate carbonate TiO.sub.2 ZnO passed Elution Ex. [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [y/n] [%] 4 47.96 35.3 — 6.8 0.6 0.02 0.02 7.2 1.1 — — — — 1 y 28 5 48.08 35.3 — 7.2 0.1 0.01 0.01 7.2 1.1 — — — 1   — y 23 6 48.05 35.3 — 7.3 0.04 0.005 0.005 7.7 1.1 — — — 0.5 — y 23 7 48.06 35.3 — 6.8 0.1 0.4 0.04 6.7 1.1 — — — —   1.5 y 21 8 47.99 35.3 — 5.8 0.1 0.01 1.5 6.7 1.1 — — — 1.5 — y 24 9 48.00 35.3 — 13.9 1.2 0.05 0.05 — — — — — 1.5 — y 28 10 68.96 14.3 — 6.8 0.6 0.02 0.02 7.2 1.1 — — — — 1 y 26 11 61.96 9.3 10 6.8 0.6 0.02 0.02 6.2 3.1 — — — 2   — y 29 12 62.08 9.3 10 7.2 0.1 0.01 0.01 7.2 3.1 — — — 1   — y 22 13 62.05 9.3 10 7.3 0.04 0.005 0.005 7.7 3.1 — — — 0.5 — y 22 14 62.06 9.3 10 6.8 0.1 0.4 0.04 6.7 3.1 — — — —   1.5 y 24 15 61.99 9.3 10 5.8 0.1 0.01 1.5 6.7 3.1 — — — 1.5 — Y 23 20 62.66 11.3 6 6.8 0.6 0.02 0.02 — 4.3 7.3 — — — 1 y 30 21 62.72 11.3 6 12.2 1.1 0.04 0.04 — 4.3 — 1.3 — 1   — y 21 22 59.06 9 6 6.8 0.6 0.02 0.02 — 4.3 — — 13.2 — 1 y 22 SB Phos- Phos- N-cont. Hypo- Organo block phinic Telo- pho- Phos- Triazine diphos- phos- phos- Me VW-1 TPEE cop. PPE salt mers nate phite compl. phate phite phate hydroxide TiO.sub.2 ZnO passed Elution Ex. [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [y/n] [%] 16 62.69 9.3 10 1.8 0.2 0.005 0.005 — 15 — — — — 1 y 24 17 62.69 9.3 10 1.8 0.2 0.005 0.005 — — 15 — — 1 — y 30 18 62.69 9.3 10 1.8 0.2 0.005 0.005 — — — — 15 — 1 y 30 19 62.55 11.3 6 6.8 0.6 0.02 0.02 4.3 — — 7.3 — 1 — y 25

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 SEBS-naphtha oil-PP blends Poly- Phos- Phos- Poly- Hypo- Naphtha pro- phinic Telo- pho- Phos- Triazine phos- phos- Me VW-1 SEBS oil pylene PPE salt mers nate phite compl. phate phite hydroxide TiO.sub.2 ZnO passed Elution Ex. [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [y/n] [%] 23 32.04 22 22 9 8.2 0.7 0.03 0.03 — 4 — — 2 — y 25 24 23.48 16.2 16.2 5 6.7 0.7 0.02 4.4 26.3 — — — — 1 y 25 25 31.96 22 22 9 8.8 0.2 0.02 0.02 — 5.5 — —   0.5 — y 30 26 32.03 22 22 9 8.9 0.05 0.01 0.01 — 5 — — 1 — y 22 27 31.95 22 22 9 8.3 0.2 0.5 0.05 — 4.5 — — —   1.5 y 28 28 31.99 22 22 9 7.1 0.1 0.01 1.8 — 4.5 — —   1.5 — y 24 29 32.08 22 22 9 2.7 0.2 0.01 0.01 — — 11 — — 1 y 29 30 32.08 22 22 9 2.7 0.2 0.01 0.01 — — — 11 — 1 y 30 31 46.06 — 5 — 21.0 1.8 0.07 0.07 15   10 — — 1 — y 24

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 TPU-PP blends Poly- Phos- Phos- Poly- N-cont. Hypo- Poly- pro- phinic Telo- pho- Phos- Triazine phos- diphos- phos- phos- VW-1 pylene TPU PPE salt mers nate phite compl. phate phate phite phonate TiO.sub.2 ZnO passed Elution Ex. [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [y/n] [%] 32 50.96 11 — 20.1 1.8 0.07 0.07 10 5 — — — 1 — y 28 33 11 51.02 — 20.1 1.8 0.07 0.01 4 10 — — — 2 — y 28 34 11 51.02 — 21.5 0.4 0.04 0.04 5 10 — — — 1 — y 27 35 11 51.06 — 21.8 0.1 0.02 0.02 5.5 10 — — — 0.5 — y 27 36 11 51.00 — 20.4 0.4 1.1 0.1 4.5 10 — — — — 1.5 y 25 37 11 50.98 — 17.4 0.2 0.02 4.4 4.5 10 — — — 1.5 — y 23 38 30.5 30.46 — 4.6 0.4 0.02 0.02 23 10 — — — 1 — y 21 39 11 50.99 9 0.9 0.1 0.003 0.005 — — 27 — — 1 — y 22 Poly- Phos- Phos- Hypo- Poly- pro- phinic Telo- pho- Phos- Triazine phos- phos- Metal Metal VW-1 pylene TPU PPE salt mers nate phite compl. phite phonate hydroxide carbonate TiO.sub.2 ZnO passed Elution Ex. [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [y/n] [%] 40 11 50.98 9 1.8 0.2 0.01 0.01 10 16 — — — 1 — y 21 41 11 50.94 9 9.8 0.9 0.03 0.03 10 — 7.3 — — 1 — y 26 42 11 50.98 9 1.8 0.2 0.01 0.01 10 — — 16 — — 1 y 21 43 11 51.00 9 16.5 1.4 0.05 0.05 — 10 — — — 1 — y 22 44 11 50.98 9 1.8 0.2 0.01 0.01 — — — — 26 — 1 y 30 45 — 72.56 4 6.8 0.6 0.02 0.02  8  7 — — — 1 — y 29

TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 TPEE-ABS-PP blends Poly- Phos- Poly- pro- phinic Telo- Phos- Phos- phos- VW-1 TPE-E pylene ABS salt mers phonate phite phonate TiO.sub.2 ZnO passed Elution Ex. [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [y/n] [%] 46 30 8 34.98 18.3 1.6 0.06 0.06 5 2 — y 28 47 30 8 35.02 19.5 0.4 0.04 0.04 6 1 — y 22 48 30 8 34.96 19.9 0.1 0.02 0.02 6.5 0.5 — y 23 49 30 8 35.00 18.5 0.4 1.0 0.1 5.5 — 1.5 y 30 50 30 8 34.98 15.8 0.2 0.02 4 5.5 1.5 — y 21