Core-shell nanoplatelets and uses thereof
11189488 · 2021-11-30
Assignee
Inventors
Cpc classification
G02F1/133614
PHYSICS
G02F1/133606
PHYSICS
H01L33/00
ELECTRICITY
International classification
H01L21/02
ELECTRICITY
C09K11/88
CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
C09K11/02
CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
G02F1/1335
PHYSICS
Abstract
Disclosed is a formulation of semiconductor nanoplatelets, including at least one nanoplatelet including a nanoplatelet core and a shell on the surface of the nanoplatelet core, wherein the formulation is substantially free of molecular oxygen and/or molecular water, and uses thereof.
Claims
1. A formulation of semiconductor nanoplatelets comprising at least one nanoplatelet comprising a nanoplatelet core including a first semiconductor material and a shell including a second semiconductor material on the surface of the nanoplatelet core, wherein molecular oxygen is present in said formulation in an amount of less than about 10 ppm and/or molecular water is present in said formulation in an amount of less than about 100 ppm, and wherein the nanoplatelets formulation further comprises a host material being an inorganic material comprising Al.sub.2O.sub.3, SiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, or TiO.sub.2, zeolites, SiC, or a mixture thereof, wherein said host material is not glass.
2. The nanoplatelets formulation according to claim 1 further comprising scattering elements dispersed in the host material.
3. A nanoplatelets film obtained from the nanoplatelets formulation according to claim 1.
4. An encapsulated nanoplatelets film comprising the nanoplatelets film according to claim 3, and at least one protective layer.
5. The encapsulated nanoplatelets film according to claim 4, wherein the at least one protective layer can be made of glass, PET (Polyethylene terephthalate), PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane), PES (Polyethersulfone), PEN (Polyethylene naphthalate), PC (Polycarbonate), PP (Polypropylene), PI (Polyimide), PNB (Polynorbornene), PAR (Polyarylate), PEEK (Polyetheretherketone), PCO (Polycyclic olefins), PVDC (Polyvinylidene chloride), Nylon, ITO (Indium tin oxide), FTO (Fluorine doped tin oxide), cellulose, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, SiO.sub.2, SiC, ZrO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2, ceramic, organic modified ceramic and mixture thereof.
6. The encapsulated nanoplatelets film according to claim 4 being in the form of a tube, vessel, capillary, or a film.
7. The encapsulated nanoplatelets film of claim 4, further comprising at least one auxiliary layer.
8. An encapsulated nanoplatelets light emitting device comprising the encapsulated nanoplatelets film according to claim 4 and a LED.
9. A lighting device comprising the encapsulated nanoplatelets light emitting device according to claim 8.
10. A backlight unit comprising the encapsulated nanoplatelets film according to claim 4, at least one light source and a light guide plate.
11. Liquid crystal display unit or a display unit comprising a backlight unit according to claim 10.
12. A display device comprising at least one pixel chip and an encapsulated nanoplatelets film according to claim 4.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
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REFERENCES
(20) 1. Protective layer; 2. Auxiliary layer; 3. Nanoplatelets formulation or film; 4. LED support; 5. LED electrodes; 6. LED edges; 7. LED chip; 8. Encapsulated Nanoplatelets formulation or film; 9. Light source; 10. Light recycling element; 11. Light guide plate; 12. Encapsulated nanoplatelets light emitting device; 13. Diffuser plate.
EXAMPLES
Example 1
(21) A solution of CdSe/CdZnS nanoplatelets is precipitated under regular atmosphere by addition of ethanol. After centrifugation, the performed pellet is redispersed in toluene solution. A 5 μL drop of this solution is deposited on a 13 mm diameter glass coverslip. Then, the substrate is entered in air free glove box. Meanwhile pellets of PET-g (Polyethylene terephthalate glycol-modified) are released from molecular water and molecular oxygen by heating at 150° C. for 4 hours under vacuum and then entered in the air free glovebox. On a second coverslip a pellet of PET-g is deposited and heated at 150° C. for 5 min. Then, the coverslip with the NPLs is superposed on the top of this second coverslip and slowly crushed to form a sandwich of coverslip-PETg-NPLs-coverslip. The layered material is then glued (on the NPLs surface) thanks to a PMMA solution dissolved in chloroform on a 455 nm LED from Osram.
Example 2
(22) A solution of CdSe/CdZnS nanoplatelets is precipitated under regular atmosphere by addition of ethanol. After centrifugation, the performed pellet is redispersed in toluene. A 5 μL drop of this solution is deposited on a 13 mm diameter glass coverslip. Meanwhile pellets of PET-g (Polyethylene terephthalate glycol-modified) are deposited on a second coverslip and heated at 150° C. for 5 min. Then, the coverslip with the NPLs is superposed on the top of this second coverslip and slowly crushed to form a sandwich of coverslip-PETg-NPLs-coverslip. The layered material is then glued (on the NPLs surface) thanks to a PMMA solution dissolved in chloroform on a 455 nm LED from Osram.
Example 3
(23) A solution of CdSe/CdZnS nanoplatelets is precipitated under regular atmosphere by addition of ethanol. After centrifugation, the performed pellet is entered in air free glovebox. Then, the performed pellet is redispersed in molecular oxygen- and molecular water-free toluene. Meanwhile, a solution of PMMA (Poly(methyl methacrylate), 120 k) at 10 wt % in molecular oxygen- and molecular water-free toluene is prepared. This solution is inerted by freeze-pumping-thawing the mixture three times successively using liquid nitrogen and entered in air free glovebox. Then the NPLs solution is mixed with the polymer solution in a 100:1 to 1:100/NPLs:PMMA volume ratio and the solution is further stirred. 5 μL of this mixed solution is deposited on a 13 mm diameter glass coverslip. The solution is let dried for 12 hours and then degassed under vacuum for 1 h. Then, the 2 components of a Stycast 1266 A/B epoxy encapsulant (Emerson & Cuming) is degazed for 1 h and entered in air free glovebox. The components of the epoxy are mixed in 33/100 A/B volume ratio. The coverslip with the NPLs in PMMA is then covered with a second coverslip and sealed with the epoxy mixture. The layered material islet dried for 24 hours in the air free glovebox. The layered material is then glued (on the NPLs/PMMA surface) thanks to a PMMA solution dissolved in chloroform on a 455 nm LED from Osram.
Example 4
(24) A solution of CdSe/CdZnS nanoplatelets is precipitated under regular atmosphere by addition of ethanol. After centrifugation, the performed pellet is entered in air free glovebox. Then, the performed pellet is redispersed in molecular oxygen- and molecular water-free toluene. Meanwhile, a solution of PMMA (Poly(methyl methacrylate), 120 k) at 10 wt % in molecular oxygen- and molecular water-free toluene is prepared. This solution is inerted by freeze-pumping-thawing the mixture three times successively using liquid nitrogen and entered in air free glovebox. Then the NPLs solution is mixed with the polymer solution in a 100:1 to 1:100/NPLs:PMMA volume ratio and the solution is further stirred. 5 μL of this mixed solution is deposited on a 13 mm diameter glass coverslip. The solution is let dried for 24 hours and then degassed under vacuum for 12 h. Then, the substrate is covered by Al.sub.2O.sub.3 by Atom Layer Deposition (ALD). The layered material is then glued (on the coverslip surface) thanks to a PMMA solution dissolved in chloroform on a 455 nm LED from Osram.
Example 5
(25) A solution of CdSe/CdZnS nanoplatelets is precipitated under regular atmosphere by addition of ethanol. After centrifugation, the performed pellet is entered in air free glovebox. Meanwhile, a solution of lauryl methacrylate (LMA) and another solution of ethylene glycol dimethacylate (EGDMA) are inerted by freeze-pumping-thawing the mixture three times successively using liquid nitrogen and entered in air free glovebox. The NPLs pellet is dispersed in lauryl methacrylate. A solution of different ratio of LMA and EGDMA with molecular oxygen and molecular water-free AIBN (Azobisisobutyronitrile) is prepared. The ratio of LMA to EGDMA varies from 100:1 to 1:5 and the ratio of monomers to AIBN varies from 10:1 to 10000:1. The monomer and initiator mixture is then mixed with the NPLs solution with a ratio of 100:1 to 1:5. 5 μL of this new mixture is deposited on a 13 mm diameter glass coverslip. The substrate is heated at 85° C. for 12 h to polymerize. Then, the substrate is covered by Al.sub.2O.sub.3 by Atom Layer Deposition (ALD). The layered material is then glued (on the coverslip_surface) thanks to a PMMA solution dissolved in chloroform on a 455 nm LED from Osram.
Example 6
(26) A solution of CdSe/CdZnS nanoplatelets is precipitated under regular atmosphere by addition of ethanol. After centrifugation, the performed pellet is entered in air free glovebox. Meanwhile, a solution of butyl methacrylate (BuMA) and another solution of ethylene glycol dimethacylate (EGDMA) are inerted by freeze-pumping-thawing the mixture three times successively using liquid nitrogen and entered in air free glovebox. The NPLs pellet is dispersed in BuMA. A solution of different ratio of BuMA and EGDMA with molecular oxygen and molecular water-free AIBN (Azobisisobutyronitrile) is prepared. The ratio of BuMA to EGDMA varies from 100:1 to 1:5 and the ratio of monomers to AIBN varies from 10:1 to 10000:1. The monomer and initiator mixture is then mixed with the NPLs solution with a ratio of 100:1 to 1:5. 5 μL of this new mixture is deposited on a 13 mm diameter glass coverslip. The substrate is heated at 85° C. for 12 h to polymerize. Then, the substrate is covered by Al.sub.2O.sub.3 by Atom Layer Deposition (ALD). The layered material is then glued (on the coverslip surface) thanks to a PMMA solution dissolved in chloroform on a 455 nm LED from Osram.
Example 7
(27) A solution of CdSe/CdZnS nanoplatelets is precipitated under regular atmosphere by addition of ethanol. After centrifugation, the performed pellet is entered in air free glovebox. Meanwhile, a solution of lauryl methacrylate (LMA) and another solution of ethylene glycol dimethacylate (EGDMA) are inerted by freeze-pumping-thawing the mixture three times successively using liquid nitrogen and entered in air free glovebox. The NPLs pellet is dispersed in lauryl methacrylate. A solution of different ratio of LMA and EGDMA with molecular oxygen and molecular water-free Irgacure 819 or benzophenone UV-initiator is prepared. The ratio of LMA to EGDMA varies from 100:1 to 1:5 and the ratio of monomers to UV-initiator varies from 10:1 to 10000:1. The monomer and initiator mixture is then mixed with the NPLs solution with a ratio of 100:1 to 1:5. 5 μL of this new mixture is deposited on a 13 mm diameter glass coverslip. The substrate is cured for 1 h under a UV lamp and the heated at 85° C. for 12 h to polymerize. Then, the substrate is covered by Al.sub.2O.sub.3 by Atom Layer Deposition (ALD). The layered material is then glued (on the coverslip surface) thanks to a PMMA solution dissolved in chloroform on a 455 nm LED from Osram.
Example 8
(28) A solution of CdSe/CdZnS nanoplatelets is precipitated under regular atmosphere by addition of ethanol. After centrifugation, the performed pellet is entered in air free glovebox. Meanwhile, a solution of lauryl methacrylate (LMA) and another solution of ethylene glycol dimethacylate (EGDMA) are inerted by freeze-pumping-thawing the mixture three times successively using liquid nitrogen and entered in air free glovebox. The NPLs pellet is dispersed in lauryl methacrylate containing molecular oxygen and molecular water-free AIBN (Azobisisobutyronitrile). This solution is heated for 30 min at 85° C. to form a syrup-called solution. Meanwhile, a solution of different ratio of LMA and EGDMA with molecular oxygen and molecular water-free AIBN (Azobisisobutyronitrile) is prepared. The ratio of LMA to EGDMA varies from 100:1 to 1:5 and the ratio of monomers to AIBN varies from 10:1 to 10000:1. The monomer and initiator mixture is then mixed with the NPLs syrup with a ratio of 100:1 to 1:5. 5 μL of this new mixture is deposited on a on a 13 mm diameter glass coverslip. The substrate is heated at 85° C. for 12 h to polymerize. Then, the substrate is covered by Al.sub.2O.sub.3 by Atom Layer Deposition (ALD). The layered material is then glued (on the coverslip surface) thanks to a PMMA solution dissolved in chloroform on a 455 nm LED from Osram.
Example 9
(29) A solution of CdSe/CdZnS nanoplatelets is precipitated under regular atmosphere by addition of ethanol. After centrifugation, the performed pellet is entered in air free glovebox. Then, the performed pellet is redispersed in molecular oxygen- and molecular water-free toluene. Meanwhile, a solution of PMMA (Poly(methyl methacrylate), 120 k) at 10 wt % in molecular oxygen- and molecular water-free toluene is prepared. This solution is inerted by freeze-pumping-thawing the mixture three times successively using liquid nitrogen and entered in air free glovebox. Then the NPLs solution is mixed with the polymer solution in a 100:1 to 1:100/NPLs:PMMA volume ratio and the solution is further stirred. 0.5 μL of this new mixture is directly deposited on the chip of a 455 nm Osram diode. The solution is let dried for 24 hours and then degassed under vacuum for 12 h. Then, the substrate is covered by Al.sub.2O.sub.3 by Atom Layer Deposition (ALD).
Example 10
(30) A solution of CdSe/CdZnS nanoplatelets is precipitated under regular atmosphere by addition of ethanol. After centrifugation, the performed pellet is entered in air free glovebox. Meanwhile, a solution of lauryl methacrylate (LMA) and another solution of ethylene glycol dimethacylate (EGDMA) are inerted by freeze-pumping-thawing the mixture three times successively using liquid nitrogen and entered in air free glovebox. The NPLs pellet is dispersed in lauryl methacrylate containing molecular oxygen and molecular water-free AIBN (Azobisisobutyronitrile). This solution is heated for 30 min at 85° C. to form a syrup-called solution. Meanwhile, a solution of different ratio of LMA and EGDMA with molecular oxygen and molecular water-free AIBN (Azobisisobutyronitrile) is prepared. The ratio of LMA to EGDMA varies from 100:1 to 1:5 and the ratio of monomers to AIBN varies from 10:1 to 10000:1. The monomer and initiator mixture is then mixed with the NPLs syrup with a ratio of 100:1 to 1:5. 0.5 μL of this new mixture is directly deposited on the chip of a 455 nm Osram diode. The substrate is heated at 85° C. for 12 h to polymerize. Then, the substrate is covered by Al.sub.2O.sub.3 by Atom Layer Deposition (ALD).
Example 11
(31) A solution of CdSe/CdZnS nanoplatelets is precipitated under regular atmosphere by addition of ethanol. After centrifugation, the performed pellet is redispersed in toluene solution. A 5 μL drop of this solution is deposited on a 13 mm diameter glass coverslip and entered in air free glove box. Then, the substrate is covered by Al.sub.2O.sub.3 by Atom Layer Deposition (ALD). The layered material is then glued (on the coverslip surface) thanks to a PMMA solution dissolved in chloroform on a 455 nm LED from Osram.
Example 12
(32) A solution of CdSe/CdZnS nanoplatelets is precipitated under regular atmosphere by addition of ethanol. After centrifugation, the performed pellet is redispersed in toluene solution. A 0.5 μL drop of this solution is directly deposited on the GaN crystal of a 455 nm Osram diode and entered in air free glove box. Then, the substrate is covered by Al.sub.2O.sub.3 by Atom Layer Deposition (ALD).
Example 13
(33) A solution of CdSe/CdZnS nanoplatelets encapsulated in silica particles is precipitated under regular atmosphere by addition of acetone. After centrifugation, the performed pellet is redispersed in toluene solution. A 0.5 μL drop of this solution is directly deposited on the GaN crystal of a 455 nm Osram diode.
Example 14
(34) 0.5 μL of a solution of CdSe/CdZnS nanoplatelets encapsulated in particles made of PMMA (Poly(lauryl methacrylate) are deposited on the GaN crystal of a 455 nm Osram diode and entered in air free glove box. Then, the substrate is covered by Al.sub.2O.sub.3 by Atom Layer Deposition (ALD).
(35) Measurement of the Normalized Fluorescence Quantum Efficiency
(36) The encapsulated nanoplatelets as described above are excited using the LED operating under a constant currant of 350 mA corresponding to an illumination with a photon flux of 30 W.Math.cm.sup.−2. The fluorescence of the encapsulated material as well as a fraction of the blue light from the LED is acquired using an optical fiber spectrometer (Ocean Optics STS-VIS). The stability of the fluorescence over time is obtained by normalizing the integrated fluorescence from the encapsulated material by the integrated fluorescence from the blue LED. This fluorescence quantum efficiency is then normalized to the maximum value of intensity and plotted over time for direct comparisons purposes (
(37) Nanoplatelets Cores Preparations
(38) Synthesis of CdSe 460 Nanoplatelets (NPLs)
(39) 240 mg of Cadmium acetate (Cd(OAc).sub.2) (0.9 mmol), 31 mg of Se 100 mesh, 150 μL oleic acid (OA) and 15 mL of 1-octadecene (ODE) are introduced in a three neck flask and are degassed under vacuum. The mixture is heated under argon flow at 180° C. for 30 min.
(40) Synthesis of CdSe 510 NPLs
(41) 170 mg of cadmium myristate (Cd(myr).sub.2) (0.3 mmol), 12 mg of Se 100 mesh and 15 mL of ODE are introduced in a three neck flask and are degassed under vacuum. The mixture is heated under argon flow at 240° C., when the temperature reaches 195° C., 40 mg of Cd(OAc).sub.2 (0.15 mmol) are introduced. The mixture is heated for 10 minutes at 240° C.
(42) Synthesis of CdSe 550 NPLs
(43) 170 mg of Cd(myr).sub.2 (0.3 mmol) and 15 mL of ODE are introduced in a three neck flask and are degassed under vacuum. The mixture is heated under argon flow at 250° C. and 1 mL of a dispersion of Se 100 mesh sonicated in ODE (0,1M) are quickly injected. After 30 seconds, 80 mg of Cd(OAc).sub.2 (0.3 mmol) are introduced. The mixture is heated for 10 minutes at 250° C.
(44) Synthesis of CdTe 428 NPLs
(45) A three neck flask is charged with 130 mg of cadmium proprionate (Cd(prop).sub.2) (0.5 mmol), 80 μL of OA (0.25 mmol), and 10 mL of ODE, and the mixture is stirred and degassed under vacuum at 95° C. for 2 h. The mixture under argon is heated at 180° C. and 100 μL of a solution of 1 M Te dissolved in trioctylphosphine (TOP-Te) diluted in 0.5 mL of ODE are swiftly added. The reaction is heated for 20 min at the same temperature.
(46) When 428 NPLs are prepared using Cd(OAc).sub.2, TOP-Te 1 M is injected between 120 and 140° C.
(47) Synthesis of CdTe 500 NPLs
(48) A three-neck flask is charged with 130 mg of Cd(prop).sub.2 (0.5 mmol), 80 μL of OA (0.25 mmol), and 10 mL of ODE, and the mixture is stirred and degassed under vacuum at 95° C. for 2 h. The mixture under argon is heated at 210° C., and 100 μL of a solution of 1 M TOP-Te diluted in 0.5 mL of ODE is swiftly added. The reaction is heated for 30 min at the same temperature.
(49) When Cd(OAc)2 was used as cadmium precursor, TOP-Te is injected between 170 and 190° C.
(50) Synthesis of CdTe 556 NPLs
(51) 133 mg of Cd(OAc).sub.2 (0.5 mmol), 255 μL of OA (0.8 mmol), and 25 mL of ODE are charged into a three-neck flask, and the mixture is stirred and degassed under vacuum at 95° C. for 2 h. The flask is filled with argon and the temperature is increased to 215° C. Then, 0.05 mmol of stoichiometric TOP-Te (2.24 M) diluted in 2.5 mL ODE is injected with a syringe pump at a constant rate over 15 min. When the addition is completed, the reaction is heated for 15 min.
(52) Synthesis of CdS 375 NPLs
(53) In a three neck flask 160 mg of Cd(OAc).sub.2 (0.6 mmol), 190 μL (0.6 mmol) of OA, 1.5 mL of sulfur dissolved in 1-octadecene (S-ODE) 0.1 M and 13.5 mL of ODE are introduced and degassed under vacuum for 30 minutes. Then the mixture is heated at 180° C. under Argon flow for 30 minutes.
(54) Synthesis of CdS 407 NPLs
(55) In a three neck flask 160 mg of Cd(OAc).sub.2 (0.6 mmol), 190 μL (0.6 mmol) of OA, 1.5 mL of S-ODE 0.1 M and 13.5 mL of octadecene are introduced and degassed under vacuum for 30 minutes. Then the mixture is heated at 260° C. under Argon flow for 1 minute.
(56) Synthesis of Core/Crown CdSe/CdS NPLs
(57) In a three neck flask, 320 mg of Cd(OAc).sub.2 (1.2 mmol), 380 μL of OA (1.51 mmol) and 8 mL of octadecene are degassed under vacuum at 65° C. for 30 minutes. Then CdSe nanoplatelets cores in 4 mL of ODE are introduced under Argon. The reaction is heated at 210° C. and 0.3 mmol of S-ODE 0.05 M are added drop wise. After injection, the reaction is heated at 210° C. for 10 minutes.
(58) Synthesis of Core/Crown CdSe/CdTe NPLs
(59) In a three neck flask, CdSe nanoplatelets cores in 6 mL of ODE are introduced with 238 μL of OA (0.75 mmol) and 130 mg of Cd(prop).sub.2. The mixture is degassed under vacuum for 30 minutes then, under argon, the reaction is heated at 235° C. and 50 μL of TOP-Te 1M in 1 mL of ODE is added drop wise. After the addition, the reaction is heated at 235° C. for 15 minutes.
(60) Synthesis of CdSeS Alloyed NPLs
(61) 170 mg of Cd(myr).sub.2 (0.3 mmol) and 15 mL of ODE are introduced in a three neck flask and are degassed under vacuum. The mixture is heated under argon flow at 250° C. and 1 mL of a dispersion of Se 100 mesh sonicated in S-ODE and ODE (total concentration of selenium and sulfur 0,1 M) are quickly injected. After 30 seconds, 120 mg of Cd(OAc).sub.2 (0.45 mmol) are introduced. The mixture is heated for 10 minutes at 250° C.
(62) Shells Growth
(63) CdS Shell Growth with Octanethiol
(64) In a three neck flask, 15 mL of trioctylamine (TOA) are introduced and degassed under vacuum at 100° C. Then the reaction mixture is heated at 300° C. under Argon and 5 mL of core nanoplatelets in ODE are swiftly injected followed by the injection of 7 mL of 0.1 M octanethiol solution in ODE and 7 mL of 0.1M Cd(OA).sub.2 in ODE with syringe pumps at a constant rate over 90 min. After the addition, the reaction is heated at 300° C. for 90 minutes.
(65) CdS Shell Growth with Octanethiol on Core-Shell Nanoplatelets
(66) In a three neck flask, 15 mL of trioctylamine (TOA) are introduced and degassed under vacuum at 100° C. Then the reaction mixture is heated at 300° C. under Argon and 5 mL of core-shell nanoplatelets CdSe/CdZnS in ODE are swiftly injected followed by the injection of 7 mL of 0.1 M octanethiol solution in ODE and 7 mL of 0.1M Cd(OA).sub.2 in ODE with syringe pumps at a constant rate over 90 min. After the addition, the reaction is heated at 300° C. for 90 minutes.
(67) CdS Shell Growth with Butanethiol
(68) In a three neck flask, 15 mL of trioctylamine (TOA) are introduced and degassed under vacuum at 100° C. Then the reaction mixture is heated at 300° C. under Argon and 5 mL of core nanoplatelets in ODE are swiftly injected followed by the injection of 7 mL of 0.1 M butanethiol solution in ODE and 7 mL of 0.1M Cd(OA).sub.2 in ODE with syringe pumps at a constant rate over 90 min. After the addition, the reaction is heated at 300° C. for 90 minutes.
(69) ZnS Shell Growth with Octanethiol
(70) In a three neck flask, 15 mL of trioctylamine are introduced and degassed under vacuum at 100° C. Then the reaction mixture is heated at 300° C. under Argon and 5 mL of core nanoplatelets in octadecene are swiftly injected followed by the injection of 7 mL of 0.1 M octanethiol solution in octadecene and 7 mL of 0.1M zinc oleate (Zn(OA).sub.2) in octadecene with syringe pumps at a constant rate over 90 min. After the addition, the reaction is heated at 300° C. for 90 minutes.
(71) ZnS Shell Growth with Butanethiol
(72) In a three neck flask, 15 mL of trioctylamine are introduced and degassed under vacuum at 100° C. Then the reaction mixture is heated at 300° C. under Argon and 5 mL of core nanoplatelets in octadecene are swiftly injected followed by the injection of 7 mL of 0.1 M butanethiol solution in octadecene and 7 mL of 0.1M zinc oleate (Zn(OA).sub.2) in octadecene with syringe pumps at a constant rate over 90 min. After the addition, the reaction is heated at 300° C. for 90 minutes.
(73) ZnS Shell Growth with Butanethiol on Core-Shell Nanoplatelets
(74) In a three neck flask, 15 mL of trioctylamine are introduced and degassed under vacuum at 100° C. Then the reaction mixture is heated at 300° C. under Argon and 5 mL of core-shell nanoplatelets CdSe/CdS in octadecene are swiftly injected followed by the injection of 7 mL of 0.1 M butanethiol solution in octadecene and 7 mL of 0.1 M zinc oleate (Zn(OA).sub.2) in octadecene with syringe pumps at a constant rate over 90 min. After the addition, the reaction is heated at 300° C. for 90 minutes.
(75) CdZnS Gradient Shell Growth with Octanethiol
(76) In a three neck flask, 15 mL of trioctylamine are introduced and degassed under vaccum at 100° C. Then the reaction mixture is heated at 300° C. under Argon and 5 mL of core nanoplatelets in octadecene are swiftly injected followed by the injection of 7 mL of 0.1 M octanethiol solution in octadecene with syringe pumps at a constant rate and 3.5 mL of 0.1M Cd(OA).sub.2 in octadecene and 3.5 mL of 0.1M Zn(OA).sub.2 in octadecene with syringe pumps at variables rates over 90 min. After the addition, the reaction is heated at 300° C. for 90 minutes.
(77) CdZnS Gradient Shell Growth with Butanethiol
(78) In a three neck flask, 15 mL of trioctylamine are introduced and degassed under vaccum at 100° C. Then the reaction mixture is heated at 300° C. under Argon and 5 mL of core nanoplatelets in octadecene are swiftly injected followed by the injection of 7 mL of 0.1 M butanethiol solution in octadecene with syringe pumps at a constant rate and 3.5 mL of 0.1M Cd(OA).sub.2 in octadecene and 3.5 mL of 0.1M Zn(OA).sub.2 in octadecene with syringe pumps at variables rates over 90 min. After the addition, the reaction is heated at 300° C. for 90 minutes.
(79) Cd.sub.xZn.sub.1-xS Alloys Shell Growth with Octanethiol
(80) In a three neck flask, 15 mL of trioctylamine are introduced and degassed under vaccum at 100° C. Then the reaction mixture is heated at 300° C. under Argon and 5 mL of core nanoplatelets in octadecene are swiftly injected followed by the injection of 7 mL of 0.1 M octanethiol solution in octadecene, (x)*3.5 mL of 0.1M Cd(OA).sub.2 in octadecene and (1−x)*3.5 mL of 0.1M Zn(OA).sub.2 in octadecene with syringe pumps at a constant rate over 90 min. After the addition, the reaction is heated at 300° C. for 90 minutes.
(81) Cd.sub.xZn.sub.1-xS Alloys Shell Growth with Butanethiol
(82) In a three neck flask, 15 mL of trioctylamine are introduced and degassed under vaccum at 100° C. Then the reaction mixture is heated at 300° C. under Argon and 5 mL of core nanoplatelets in octadecene are swiftly injected followed by the injection of 7 mL of 0.1 M butanethiol solution in octadecene, (x)*3.5 mL of 0.1M Cd(OA).sub.2 in octadecene and (1−x)*3.5 mL of 0.1M Zn(OA).sub.2 in octadecene with syringe pumps at a constant rate over 90 min. After the addition, the reaction is heated at 300° C. for 90 minutes.
(83) CdZnS Shell Growth with Butanethiol on Core-Shell Nanoplatelets
(84) In a three neck flask, 15 mL of trioctylamine are introduced and degassed under vaccum at 100° C. Then the reaction mixture is heated at 300° C. under Argon and 5 mL of core-shell nanoplatelets CdSe/ZnS in octadecene are swiftly injected followed by the injection of 7 mL of 0.1 M butanethiol solution in octadecene, (x)*3.5 mL of 0.1M Cd(OA).sub.2 in octadecene and (1−x)*3.5 mL of 0.1M Zn(OA).sub.2 in octadecene with syringe pumps at a constant rate over 90 min. After the addition, the reaction is heated at 300° C. for 90 minutes.
(85) CdZnS Shell Growth (Manufactured According to the Prior Art: Ambient Temperature Mahler et al. JACS. 2012, 134(45), 18591-18598)
(86) 1 mL of CdSe 510 NPLs in hexane is diluted in 4 mL of chloroform, then 100 mg of thioacetamide (TAA) and 1 mL of octylamine are added in the flask and the mixture is sonicated until complete dissolution of the TAA (about 5 min). The color of the solution changed from yellow to orange during this time. 350 μL of a solution of Cd(NO3)2 0.2 M in ethanol and 150 μL of a solution of Zn(NO3)2 0.2 M in ethanol are then added to the flask. The reaction was allowed to proceed for 2 h at 65° C. After synthesis, the core-shell platelets were isolated from the secondary nucleation by precipitation with a few drops of ethanol and suspended in 5 mL of chloroform. Then 100 μL of Zn(NO3)2 0.2 M in ethanol is added to the nanoplatelets solution. They aggregate steadily and are resuspended by adding 200 μL oleic acid.
(87) ZnS Alternative Shell Growth
(88) In a three neck flask, 15 mL of trioctylamine are introduced and degassed under vacuum at 100° C. Then the reaction mixture is heated at 310° C. under Argon and 5 mL of core nanoplatelets in octadecene mixed with 50 μL of precursors mixture are swiftly injected followed by the injection of 2 mL of 0.1M zinc oleate (Zn(OA).sub.2) and octanethiol solution in octadecene with syringe pump at a constant rate over 80 min.