Arrangement and method for switching high voltages having a switching device and precisely one resistor stack

Abstract

An arrangement and a method have precisely one resistor stack for switching high voltages. The arrangement contains a switching device that has two contact devices, which are arranged in an insulator. The contact devices are separated from each other by a separation path, wherein the separation path can be bridged by a movable contact piece. One contact device is in contact with the resistor stack in a common housing. The common housing is formed by a direct coating of the resistor stack and the insulator.

Claims

1. A configuration comprising: precisely one resistor stack for switching high voltages; an insulator; a common housing formed by a direct coating on said resistor stack and on said insulator; and a switching device having a movable contact piece and two contact devices disposed in said insulator and said contact devices are spaced from each other by an isolating distance, wherein said isolating distance being bridged by said movable contact piece, and wherein one of said contact devices being in contact with said resistor stack in said common housing.

2. The configuration according to claim 1, wherein said direct coating is made of silicone and/or contains silicone.

3. The configuration according to claim 1, further comprising flanges including a first flange and a second flange, and between said flanges said resistor stack and said switching device are disposed.

4. The configuration according to claim 3, wherein said resistor stack has at least one tension rod, formed to support said resistor stack mechanically.

5. The configuration according to claim 4, wherein: said resistor stack is tensioned between one of said flanges and one of said contact devices; and/or said insulator and said contact devices are connected to one of said flanges in a load-bearing manner.

6. The configuration according to claim 5, further comprising a support, wherein said one flange on which said resistor stack is disposed is connected to said support in a mechanically stable manner.

7. The configuration according to claim 3, wherein said resistor stack and said switching device are disposed in succession, on a common longitudinal axis.

8. The configuration according to claim 4, wherein: said resistor stack is tensioned between one of said flanges and one of said contact devices, via said at least one tension rod; and/or said insulator and said contact devices are connected to one of said flanges in a load-bearing manner, namely one of said contact devices is connected to said one flange in a load-bearing manner via said insulator.

9. The configuration according to claim 1, further comprising at least one tension rod; and wherein said resistor stack contains resistors and two plates, via said two plates said resistors of said resistor stack are tensioned by said at least one tension rod.

10. The configuration according to claim 1, wherein said resistor stack is composed of plate-shaped resistors having plates, wherein said plates are disposed along a longitudinal axis.

11. The configuration according to claim 10, wherein said resistor stack is composed of plate-shaped resistors having plates, formed in a column shape, wherein said plates are disposed along a longitudinal axis, wherein two adjacent ones of said plates are in mutual form-fitting contact in each case.

12. The configuration according to claim 1, wherein said common housing is configured to be weather-proof.

13. The configuration according to claim 12, wherein said common housing has an outer surface with annular ribs disposed on said outer surface.

14. The configuration according to claim 1, wherein the configuration is configured to be substantially cylindrical.

15. The configuration according to claim 14, wherein the configuration is configured circular cylindrical with annular ribs disposed along an outer lateral surface.

16. A method for switching a configuration containing precisely one resistor stack for switching high voltages, an insulator, a common housing formed by a direct coating on the resistor stack and on the insulator, and a switching device having a movable contact piece and two contact devices disposed in the insulator and the contact devices are spaced from each other by an isolating distance, wherein the isolating distance being bridged by the movable contact piece, and wherein one of the contact devices is in contact with the resistor stack in the common housing, which comprises the steps of: during a switching-on procedure, a current path over the precisely one resistor stack and the switching device disposed between two flanges is closed by bridging the isolating distance between the two contact devices with an aid of the movable contact piece, which is moved from one contact device in a direction of another contact device until both of the contact devices are in electrical contact.

17. The method according to claim 16, which further comprises supporting a mechanical load on the configuration between the two flanges by at least one tension rod in a region of the resistor stack and by the insulator in a region of the switching device.

18. The method according to claim 16, which further comprises realizing an electrical insulation layer disposed perpendicularly to a longitudinal axis of the configuration by a direct coating on the resistor stack and the insulator of the switching device.

19. The method according to claim 16, wherein: one of the flanges associated with the resistor stack is fastened to a support; and/or one of the flanges associated with the switching device is configured to be free-floating.

20. The method according to claim 16, which further comprises: fastening one of the flanges associated with the switching device to a support; and/or configuring one of the flanges associated with the resistor stack to be free-floating.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING

(1) FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic, sectional view of a first embodiment of a configuration for switching high-voltages according to the invention; and

(2) FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic, sectional view of a second embodiment of the configuration for switching high-voltages according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(3) FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of an inventive arrangement 1 for switching high voltages, having a housing 4, which is or will be formed by directly coating a resistor stack 2 and a switching device 5.

(4) An inventive arrangement 1 for switching high voltages is illustrated in a schematic sectional view along a longitudinal axis 12 in FIG. 1. The inventive arrangement 1 comprises precisely one resistor stack 2 and a switching device 5, arranged between two flanges 10, 11. The switching device 5 has two contact devices 6 and a movable contact piece 8, which are arranged in an insulator 9. The insulator 9 is filled, for example, with an insulating and/or switching gas, in particular SF.sub.6 and/or clean air. The two contact devices 6 are immovably arranged at a fixed spacing from one another as electrodes, wherein the spacing represents an electrical isolation distance 7. In the open state of the switching device 5, a current flow between the two contact devices 6 is prevented by the isolating distance 7.

(5) To close the switching device 5, and therefore to enable a current flow via the two contact devices 6, the movable contact piece 8 is moved by one contact device 6 in the direction of the other contact device 6 in such a way that a current path between the two contact devices 6 is closed. The contact devices 6 are designed, for example, to be circular cylindrical, in particular in the form of a hollow tube, and the movable contact piece 8 is designed, for example, to be rod- or pin-shaped, movably mounted in a contact device 6. In the open state of the switching device 5, as shown in the figure, the movable contact piece 8 is arranged entirely on one side of the switching device 5, comprised by a contact device 6.

(6) To close the current path between the two fixed contact devices 6, i.e. for electrical closing of the switching device, the movable contact piece 8 is moved from the one contact device 6 in the direction of the opposite contact device 6 until the movable contact piece 8 is in mechanical and electrical contact with the second contact device 6, for example is inserted in the opening thereof. An electrical contact or closed current path between the two contact devices 6 is produced via the movable contact piece 8 which, in the closed state of the switching device 5, connects both contact devices 6 electrically. To open the current path between the two fixed contact devices 6, i.e. for the electrical opening of the switching device 5, the movable contact piece 8 is moved in the opposite direction until the movable contact piece 8 is back in its starting position, inserted entirely into the one contact device 6. A gap or isolating distance 7, in particular filled with insulating gas, is formed between the two contact devices 6, and the current path between the two contact devices 6 is interrupted by the isolating distance 7. The switching device 5 is in the open state.

(7) The two contact devices 6 are arranged in a closed insulating gas space, wherein the insulating gas space is formed by the two contact devices 6, the movable contact piece 8, the insulator 9 and, in particular, a flange 11.

(8) The two contact devices 6 and the movable contact piece 8 are arranged coaxially on the longitudinal axis 12 and are made of a material with good electrical conductivity, for example steel and/or copper. Electrical contact regions can be coated with a material with good electrical conductivity, for example with silver. A contact device 6 is, for example, designed in the form of a hollow tube, spatially comprising the movable contact piece 8 at least in part, and fastened to a flange 11. The flange 11 is disk-shaped or circular cylindrical, and the movable contact piece 8 is, in particular, movably guided by the flange 11 in a gas-tight manner.

(9) Elements of a kinematic chain, for example a drive and/or switching rods and gears, are connected to the movable contact piece 8 in order to transmit movement energy to the movable contact piece 8 during the switching procedure. For the sake of simplicity, the elements of the kinematic chain are not shown in the figure. A spring-energy accumulator drive, for example, is used as the drive. The flange 11 is fastened, for example, to a gear head on a support or to the support itself. A support, which is not shown in the figure for the sake of simplicity, is designed in a column shape, for example, in particular from ceramic, and is arranged perpendicularly on a base. A support 15 can be fastened to each flange 10, 11, for example, or to a flange on only one side, wherein one-sided mechanical fastening can be enabled by the reduced weight of the inventive arrangement, see FIG. 2. The outer lateral surface, in particular of a circular cylindrical hollow support, can comprise ribs in the form of rings extending around the outer circumference for good electrical insulation along the longitudinal axis of the support. The drive can be fastened laterally to the support and elements of the kinematic chain can be movably guided in the support. At the upper end of the support, for example, an inventive arrangement 1 is arranged with the longitudinal axis 12 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the support, or two inventive arrangements 1, each with a flange 11, are fastened to the upper end of the support directly or via a gear head, in a T shape of the support with inventive arrangements 1.

(10) The second contact device 6 is designed, for example, in the form of a hollow tube or is plate-shaped, with one end in the form of a hollow tube pointing in the direction of the first contact device 6 having the movable contact piece 8. The plate-shaped region of the second contact device 6 can be substantially circular cylindrical, with a diameter equal to the diameter of the resistors of the resistor stack 2. The resistors are constructed, for example, to be plate-shaped or circular cylindrical, in particular with all plates of the resistors of the resistor stack 2 having the same form. The plates are stacked on top of one another or next to one another, for example, with form fit, each with the bottom cylindrical surface of one plate in full-area contact with the top cylindrical surface of an adjacent resistor lying above or next to it. A metal plate, for example a cylindrical metal plate, is arranged, in particular, at both ends of the resistor stack 2. Alternatively, a cylindrical metal plate can be arranged, for example, at one end, and a cylindrical plate-shaped contact device 6 can be arranged, for example, at the other end.

(11) One or more tension rods 3, for example made of an electrically insulating material, in particular plastic, which are arranged, for example, in the form of a cage around the outer circumference of the resistor stack 2 and/or along a circle or in a center bore through the resistor stack 2, hold the resistor stack 2 together. In association with, in particular, two metal plates, one at each end of the resistor stack 2, and/or a metal plate and a contact device 6, the resistors of the resistor stack 2 are pressed together and spatially secured. A contact device 6 or the switching device 5 is arranged at one end of the resistor stack 2 and a flange 10 is arranged at the other. The resistor stack can also be held together or spatially secured directly via the flange 10 and the contact device 6 in association with the tension rod(s) 3.

(12) Connections for the inventive arrangement 1 can be provided directly on the flanges 10 and 11, or electrical connections can be guided through the flanges 10 and 11, to electrically connect the resistor stack 2 on one side and the electrically series-connected switching device 5 on the other side. Electrical consumers, current generators and/or lines for power grids, in particular, can be connected to the connections and switched via the arrangement 1. A current path between the connections is closed and/or opened via the resistor stack 2 and the switching device 5, i.e. the contact devices 6 in association with the movable contact piece 8.

(13) According to the invention, the resistor stack 2 and the switching device 5, in particular the insulator 9 of the switching device 5, are coated directly, thereby producing a housing 4 of the arrangement 1 in association with the flanges 10, 11, for example. The coating does not have to support a mechanical load, since mechanical loads or mechanical stresses/forces are supported via the flanges 10, 11, the tension rods 3, in particular via a contact device 6, and via the insulator 9 of the switching device 5. It is therefore possible to select a coating made of silicone, for example, which is weather-proof and has a lower weight than, for example, ceramic with the same volume. The coating 4 is formed directly on the resistor stack 2 and the switching device 5, in particular the insulator 9 of the switching device 5, in particular without cavities between the resistor stack 2 and the coating 4 and/or between the insulator 9 and the coating 4. The volume of insulating gas, for example, can thus be reduced, with the advantages described above.

(14) The coating 4 can be substantially cylindrical, in particular in form fit with the form of the resistor stack 2 and the form of the insulator 9 of the switching device 5. Ribs 16 can be formed on the outer circumference of the coating 4, in particular ribs 16 extending annularly, perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis 12, in order to increase the electrical insulating distance between the flanges 10, 11 over the outer surface of the arrangement 1, see FIG. 2. The insulator 9 can be made of ceramic and/or of an electrically insulating composite material, in particular comprising plastic. As a result of the coating 4, the, in particular, gas-tight insulator 9 can be designed to be thinner and mechanically stable, wherein it is possible to reduce the weight compared to insulators of the prior art.

(15) The exemplary embodiments described above can be combined with each other and/or they can be combined with the prior art. Therefore, two inventive arrangements 1, for example, can be fastened to a support in a T-shape and/or more inventive arrangements 1 can be arranged on a support, for example, in a star shape. One, two or more supports can also be used for inventive arrangements 1, in particular one support on each side of the inventive arrangements 1. The inventive arrangements 1 can be substantially cylindrical, for example, or they can be designed to be rectangular, column-shaped, for example. Alternatively or additionally to the switching device 5 having two contact devices 6 and a movable contact piece 8 arranged in an insulating gas, at least one vacuum tube can be used. The resistors of the resistor stack 2 can be designed in the form of circular cylindrical plates and/or they can be rectangular or cuboidal, for example. The form and/or thickness of the resistors and the electrical resistance of all resistors can be the same or different, for example in an alternating form.

LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

(16) 1 Arrangement having resistor stack 2 Resistor stack 3 Tension rod 4 Direct coating 5 Switching device 6 Contact device, in particular electrode 7 Isolating distance 8 Movable contact piece 9 Insulator 10 First flange 11 Second flange 12 Longitudinal axis 13 Insulating gas 14 Plate, in particular metal plate