Abstract
The invention relates to a method for constructing a dental component (I) using a graphic representation of a dental condition. A 3D volume model of the dental condition is thus already correlated with a 3D surface model of the dental condition, wherein the graphic representation of the 3D volume model is restricted to relevant regions by delimitation using the 3D surface model or using a section thereof, wherein the remaining regions of the 3D volume model are hidden.
Claims
1. A method for creating a graphic representation of a dental condition, comprising the steps of: correlating a 3D volume model of the dental condition is correlated with a 3D surface model of the dental condition, and restricting the graphic representation of the 3D volume model is restricted to relevant regions by delimitation using the 3D surface model or using a section thereof, wherein the remaining regions of the 3D volume model are hidden.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the delimitation of the 3D volume model is set by a specified surface region of the 3D surface model, wherein the represented 3D volume model is limited to an inner volume region within the specified surface region, wherein the 3D volume model beyond the surface region is hidden.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the delimitation of the 3D volume model is set by a specified surface region of the 3D surface model on the one hand, and by computer-generated boundary surfaces on the other hand, wherein the lateral boundary surfaces and the closing boundary surface are specified by defining at least one distance to the surface region in an at least one specified direction, wherein the represented 3D volume model is restricted to an inner volume region within the specified surface region and the boundary surfaces, wherein the 3D volume model beyond the inner volume region is hidden.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the delimitation of the 3D volume model is set by a specified surface region of the 3D surface model on the one hand and by computer-generated boundary surfaces on the other hand, which are created by segmentation of an anatomical structure within the 3D volume model.
5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the 3D surface model is divided by segmentation of anatomical structures into at least two surface regions, wherein the delimitation of the 3D volume model is set by at least one of the at least two surface regions.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the anatomical structures are teeth and a gingiva of at least a portion of a jaw such that the 3D surface model is divided into a first surface region of the teeth and a second surface region of the gingiva.
7. The method according to claim 2, wherein the 3D surface model is divided into at least two surface regions, wherein at least one surface region is represented as transparent or partially transparent.
8. The method according to claim 2, wherein the entire 3D surface model is represented as transparent or partially transparent.
9. The method according to claim 2, wherein the specified surface region is a single segmented tooth within the 3D surface model, wherein the graphic representation of the 3D volume model is delimited by this segmented tooth.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the graphic representation of the 3D volume model is delimited by a cut surface within the 3D surface model, wherein only the voxels of the 3D volume model that are arranged along the cut surface or adjacent thereto within a specified width perpendicular to the cut surface are displayed, wherein the remaining voxels of the 3D volume model are hidden.
11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the cut surface is defined by a midline along the contour of a jaw.
12. A data processing device comprising means for carrying out the method according to claim 1.
13. A computer program comprising commands that, when the computer program is executed by a computer, cause this computer to carry out the method according to claim 1.
14. A storage medium capable of being read by a computer, comprising commands that, when executed by a computer, cause this computer to carry out the method according to claim 1.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0059] The invention is explained with reference to the drawings. The drawings show:
[0060] FIG. 1 a sketch for clarifying the construction of a dental component,
[0061] FIG. 2 a sketch of a selected surface region of the 3D surface model,
[0062] FIG. 3 a sketch of a 3D surface model of an upper jaw, viewed from above,
[0063] FIG. 4 a sketch of a graphic representation of a 3D volume model,
[0064] FIG. 5 a sketch of a selected surface region of the 3D surface model with additional boundary surfaces,
[0065] FIG. 6 a sketch of the selected surface region of the 3D surface model.
DESIGN EXAMPLES
[0066] FIG. 1 shows a sketch for clarifying the construction of a dental component 1, namely an implant-borne full crown 2, represented in dashed lines, and an implant 3 for anchorage in a jawbone 4, wherein a graphic representation 5 of a dental condition is employed. The graphic representation 5 consists of a 3D volume model 6, which was created using an x-ray CT device or an MRI device, for example, and a 3D surface model 7, which was recorded using a dental camera for optical measurement, for example. The 3D volume model 6 and the 3D surface model 7 are correlated with each other and depicted together in the graphic representation. In addition to the jawbone, the 3D volume model 6 comprises other anatomical structures such as tooth roots 8, tooth nerves and blood vessels. The 3D surface model comprises the teeth 9 of an upper jaw 10 and the teeth 11 of a lower jaw 12. The 3D surface model furthermore comprises the not illustrated gingiva of the upper jaw 10 and of the lower jaw 12. The graphic representation 5 is depicted using a display device such as a monitor 13, wherein the display device is connected to a computer 14 in order to carry out the present computer-assisted method. Input means such as a keyboard 15 and a mouse 16 are connected to the computer in order to enable a user to navigate and manipulate the graphic representation 5 and to construct the dental component 1, using a cursor 17.
[0067] In the construction of the full crown 2 and the implant 3, the user, such as a dentist, in particular has to take the adjacent tooth roots 18, the adjacent teeth 19 and the opposite teeth 20 into account.
[0068] In the present case, the user has selected a surface region 21 of the 3D surface model 7, as indicated by the dashed line.
[0069] FIG. 2 shows a sketch of the selected surface region 21 of the 3D surface model 7 from FIG. 1, wherein the selected surface region 21 comprises a first surface region 30 of the teeth and a second convoluted, transparently represented surface region 31 of the gingiva. A first open side 32 of the left side of the cut-out surface region 21 in the shape of a U-shaped channel is virtually closed by a plane. In corresponding fashion, the second open side 33 and a third, not illustrated open side of the right side of the surface region 21 are virtually closed by planes. In this manner, an inner volume 34 is thus defined in the inside of the surface region 21. In particular, relevant anatomical structures such as the jawbone 4, the tooth roots 8, the tooth nerves 35 and the blood vessels 36 are arranged within this inner volume 34 of the selected surface region 21. In this manner, the graphic representation of the 3D volume model 6 is delimited by means of the selected surface region 21 of the 3D surface model 7. Only voxels of the 3D volume model 6 that are arranged within the inner volume 34 are displayed. The rest of the voxels of the 3D volume model 6 are hidden. In this manner, the user obtains a clear representation of the relevant regions for constructing the implant-borne full crown 2 from FIG. 1. During the construction, the user can in particular specify the diameter, the length, and the position and alignment of the implant 3 from FIG. 1 relative to the adjacent tooth roots 18 and the tooth nerves 35 and blood vessels 36. The user must furthermore specify the dimensions of the full crown from FIG. 1 in relation to the adjacent teeth 19 and the opposite teeth 20.
[0070] FIG. 3 shows a sketch of a 3D surface model 7 of an upper jaw 10 in a view from above, wherein a midline 40 or rather a jaw line, represented as a dotted line, runs centered along the contour of the upper jaw 10. A cut surface 41, which for example can run perpendicular to an occlusal plane of the upper jaw or also in the direction of the tooth roots, runs through this midline 40. The cut surface 41 thus runs within the inner volume 34 of the 3D surface model 7. The 3D surface model 7 is thus closed and virtually filled in by plane surfaces, as illustrated in FIG. 2. Hence only a layer with a width of at least one voxel is depicted along the cut surface 41 for delimiting the graphic representation of the 3D volume model 6 within the inner volume 34 of the 3D surface model 7. The rest of the voxels of the 3D volume model 6 are hidden. As a result, only one layer of the 3D volume model 6 is depicted on the specified cut surface 41. In particular, the user is thus able to obtain a better representation of the inside of the teeth and of the tooth roots.
[0071] FIG. 4 shows a sketch of a graphic representation of the 3D volume model 6, namely the represented layer from FIG. 3, but which has been rolled up and is displayed in a plane surface in the manner of a panoramic tomographic image. In the represented layer 42 of the 3D volume model, anatomical structures inside the teeth such as a pulp 50, nerves 35 and blood vessels 36 are represented in particular. A filling 51 (represented in dashed lines) can also be discerned in the representation of the layer 42. This enables a clear sectional view through the adjacent teeth 19 and the adjacent tooth roots 18 in an implant region 52 of the implant-borne crown 2 from FIG. 1 that is to be inserted.
[0072] FIG. 5 shows a sketch of the selected surface region 21 of the 3D surface model 7 as in FIG. 3, wherein in contrast the tooth roots 60 extend past an edge 61 of the selected surface region 21. A delimiting boundary surface 62 is thus arranged at a distance 63 to the edge 61 such that the tooth roots 60 and tooth nerves 35 are represented within the inner volume 34. The inner volume 34 is therefore delimited by the selected surface region 21 of the 3D surface model 7 and by the upper boundary surface 62 and lateral boundary surfaces 64, 65, 66, 67. The lateral boundary surfaces 64, 65, 66, 67 are specified by shifting the edge 61 in a direction parallel to the tooth axes 68 or perpendicular to an occlusal plane up to the distance 63.
[0073] FIG. 6 shows a sketch of the selected surface region 21 of the 3D surface model 7 as in FIG. 5. A delimiting boundary surface 69 is arranged at distances 70 to tooth surface points 71 such that the tooth roots 60 and tooth nerves 35 are represented within the inner volume 34. The inner volume 34 is therefore delimited by the selected surface region 21 of the 3D surface model 7 and by the upper boundary surface 69 and lateral boundary surfaces 64, 65, 66, 67. The lateral boundary surfaces 64, 65, 66, 67 are specified by shifting the edge 61 in a direction parallel to the tooth axes 68 or perpendicular to an occlusal plane up to the upper boundary surface 69.
REFERENCE SIGNS
[0074] 1 Dental component
[0075] 2 Implant-borne full crown
[0076] 3 Implant
[0077] 4 Jawbone
[0078] 5 Graphic representation
[0079] 6 3D volume model
[0080] 7 3D surface model
[0081] 8 Tooth roots
[0082] 9 Teeth
[0083] 10 Upper jaw
[0084] 11 Teeth
[0085] 12 Lower jaw
[0086] 13 Monitor
[0087] 14 Computer
[0088] 15 Keyboard
[0089] 16 Mouse
[0090] 17 Cursor
[0091] 18 Tooth root
[0092] 19 Adjacent teeth
[0093] 20 Opposite teeth
[0094] 21 Surface region
[0095] 30 First surface region of the teeth
[0096] 31 Second transparent surface region of a gingiva
[0097] 32 First open side
[0098] 33 Second open side
[0099] 34 Inner volume
[0100] 35 Tooth nerves
[0101] 36 Blood vessels
[0102] 40 Midline
[0103] 41 Cut surface
[0104] 42 Represented layer
[0105] 50 Pulp
[0106] 51 Filling
[0107] 52 Implant zone
[0108] 60 Tooth roots
[0109] 61 Edge
[0110] 62 Boundary surface
[0111] 63 Distance
[0112] 64 Boundary surface
[0113] 65 Boundary surface
[0114] 66 Boundary surface
[0115] 67 Boundary surface
[0116] 68 Tooth axes
[0117] 69 Boundary surface
[0118] 70 distances
[0119] 71 tooth surface points
