COMPONENT TREATMENT METHOD AND APPARATUS
20230294236 · 2023-09-21
Assignee
Inventors
- Abhay GOPINATH (Singapore, SG)
- Arun Prasanth NAGALINGAM (Singapore, SG)
- Goetz G. FELDMANN (Oberursel, DE)
- Thomas HAUBOLD (Wehrheim, DE)
- Senthil Kumar ANANTHARAJAN (Singapore, SG)
Cpc classification
B24B31/003
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B24B31/064
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
F01D25/04
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F05D2260/96
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F01D5/16
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
B24B49/00
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B24B51/00
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
F05D2230/80
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F01D5/286
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
B24B47/06
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B24B19/14
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B24B41/067
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
International classification
Abstract
A method for modifying the mechanical and surface properties of a component. The method involves: removably attaching a component to at least one component support that is located within a vibratory trough of a component treatment apparatus, the at least one component support being a support shaft upon which the component is removably mountable within the vibratory trough; supplying the vibratory trough with treatment media; moving the component support or the vibratory trough so that the component is immersed into the treatment media; vibrating the vibratory trough to provide a substantially uniform surface treatment of the component, the vibratory trough being movable by at least one trough vibrating mechanism whose actuation is controlled by a controller in response to signals received from at least one sensor located on or within the vibratory trough; removing the component from the treatment media; and detaching the component from the component support.
Claims
1. A method for modifying the mechanical and surface properties of a component, the method comprising the steps of: (a) removably attaching a component to at least one component support that is located within a vibratory trough of a component treatment apparatus, the at least one component support being a support shaft upon which the component is removably mountable within the vibratory trough; (b) supplying the vibratory trough with treatment media; (c) moving the component support or the vibratory trough so that the component is immersed into the treatment media; (d) vibrating the vibratory trough to provide a substantially uniform surface treatment of the component, the vibratory trough being movable by at least one trough vibrating mechanism whose actuation is controlled by a controller in response to signals received from at least one sensor located on or within the vibratory trough; (e) removing the component from the treatment media; and (f) detaching the component from the component support.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the treatment media supplied to the vibratory trough is selected from a metal, a composite material and a plastic material.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the treatment media is a metal selected from stainless steel, carbon steel and copper.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the treatment media is formed as cones, ball cones, spheres, pyramids or angle cut cylinders.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the inclination of the component support is adjustable within the vibratory trough to enable selected portions of the component to be uniformly treated within the vibratory trough.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the component is a gas turbine engine component.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the gas turbine engine component is a bladed disk drum or a fan blade.
8. A component treatment apparatus for modifying the mechanical and surface properties of a component, the component treatment apparatus comprises: a vibratory trough for receiving and retaining treatment media; a component support that supports the component within the vibratory trough, the component support being a support shaft upon which the component is removably mountable within the vibratory trough; at least one sensor that is mounted on the vibratory trough; at least one trough vibrating mechanism that causes the vibratory trough to vibrate; and a controller that controls the at least one trough vibrating mechanism in response to signals received by the at least one sensor thereby controlling the vibratory motion of the vibratory trough.
9. The component treatment apparatus of claim 8, wherein the vibratory trough has a substantially u-shaped cross-section or has a shape that corresponds at least in part to the shape of the component.
10. The component treatment apparatus of claim 8, wherein at least one trough wall is provided in the vibratory trough that controls the energy of peening by adjusting height, volume and mass of the treatment media.
11. The component treatment apparatus of claim 8, wherein the vibratory trough has at least one guide vanes that directs a flow of treatment media over the component to optimise local energy flow on the component.
12. The component treatment apparatus of claim 8, wherein the at least one trough vibrating mechanism comprises an actuator and an actuator extension rod or a shape memory alloy spring.
13. The component treatment apparatus of claim 8, wherein the at least one sensor is a plurality of sensors located on and around the vibratory trough and/or one sensor is located adjacent the component within the vibratory trough.
14. The component treatment apparatus of claim 8, wherein the vibratory trough has a treatment media inlet for controllably supplying the treatment media into the vibratory trough and a treatment media outlet for controllably emptying the treatment media from the vibratory trough, control of the treatment media inlet and the treatment media outlet being provided by the controller or an additional controller.
15. The component treatment apparatus of claim 8, wherein the component is a gas turbine engine component.
16. The component treatment apparatus of claim 15, wherein the component is a bladed disk drum or a fan blade.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0036] Embodiments will now be described by way of example only, with reference to the Figures, in which:
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[0052] The following table lists the reference numerals used in the drawings with the features to which they refer:
TABLE-US-00001 Ref no. Feature Figure 1 Component treatment apparatus 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 5 Component e.g. bladed disk drum 1 3 5 6 7 9 10 Vibratory trough 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 15 Treatment media 1 3 5 7 20 Component support e.g. hollow support shaft 7 10 11 12 13 25 Actuator extension rod 1 2 5 6 30 Controller 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 35 Treatment media inlet 1 3 5 7 40 Treatment media outlet 1 3 5 7 45 Sensor 1 3 5 7 50 Shape memory alloy spring 3 4 7 8 55 First trough wall 7 60 Second trough wall 7 (10) 65 Rotational axis of the component support 10 70 Bottom of the vibratory trough 10 75 Trough wall motor 11 12 13 80 Component support motor 11 12 13 A Actuator 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 B Actuator 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 C Actuator 1 3 5 7 D Actuator 1 3 5 7 E Actuator 5 F Actuator 5 H Horizonal distance between the bladed disk drum and the second trough wall 10 V Vertical distance between the bladed disk drum and the bottom of the vibratory trough 11
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0053] Aspects and embodiments of the present disclosure will now be discussed with reference to the accompanying figures. Further aspects and embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
[0054] The present disclosure relates to a method and an apparatus for modifying the mechanical and surface properties of components, more particularly a method and an apparatus for modifying the mechanical and surface properties of gas turbine engine components, e.g. aerofoils, in order to prolong their useful life and/or performance.
[0055] In broad terms, the method for modifying the mechanical and surface properties of components comprises the steps of: [0056] (a) removably attaching a component to a component support that is located within a vibratory trough of a component treatment apparatus, the at least one component support being a support shaft upon which the component is removably mountable within the vibratory trough; [0057] (b) supplying the vibratory trough with treatment media; [0058] (c) moving the component support or the vibratory trough so that the component is immersed into the treatment media; [0059] (d) vibrating the vibratory trough to provide a substantially uniform surface treatment of the component, the vibratory trough being movable by at least one trough vibrating mechanism whose actuation is controlled by a controller in response to signals received from at least one sensor located on or within the vibratory trough; [0060] (e) removing the component from the treatment media; and [0061] (f) detaching the component from the component support.
[0062] Step (a) of the method of the present disclosure involves removably attaching a component to a component support that is located within a vibratory trough of a component treatment apparatus. The component support is a support shaft upon which the component is removably mountable within the vibratory trough The component treatment apparatus, which can take various forms, is described in more detail below. Certain embodiments of the component treatment apparatus are depicted in the accompanying drawings and described below. The component treatment apparatus includes a vibratory trough i.e. a trough for containing treatment media, typically solid treatment media albeit typically suspended in a liquid or semi solid paste. The vibratory trough can take a variety of forms with respect to construction, shape and materials. In some embodiments the vibratory trough has a substantially u-shaped cross-section. In other embodiments the vibratory trough has a shape that corresponds at least in part to the shape of a particular component for which the vibratory trough is dedicated. The component support can take a variety of forms, the chosen form being suitable to support the component or components that are typically selected to be treated in the component treatment apparatus. The component support is a support shaft. In some embodiments the support shaft is a hollow shaft. In some embodiments the component support can be oriented to optimise the uniformity of treatment of certain parts of the component in the vibratory trough. The component can be removably attached to the component support in a variety of ways, typically reflecting the size, shape and weight of the component concerning. In some embodiments the component treatment apparatus has an arrangement that is suitable for removably attaching various components to the component support. In some embodiments the component treatment apparatus has an arrangement that is bespoke for removably attaching a particular component or type of component to the component support.
[0063] Step (b) of the method of the present disclosure involves supplying the vibratory trough with treatment media. The treatment media can take various forms but it is typically a solid treatment media, albeit typically suspended in a liquid or semi solid paste, the liquid or paste typically enabling more efficient polishing peening process. The choice of treatment media depends on the components to be treated and the desired mechanical and surface properties of the component that is to be treated. In some embodiments the treatment media is a metal such as stainless steel, carbon steel or copper, or it is a ceramic material or it is a plastic material. The treatment media can be provided in a variety of shapes such as cones, ball cones, spheres, pyramids and/or angle cut cylinders. In some embodiments the vibratory trough of the component treatment apparatus has a treatment media inlet for controllably supplying treatment media into the vibratory trough and/or a treatment media outlet for controllably emptying treatment media from the vibratory trough.
[0064] In some embodiments a compound is added to the treatment media to achieve a shiny surface finish along the length of the component, to achieve a uniform surface finish first through abrasive mechanism, and then achieve fatigue improvement through the peening mechanism. The compound may be any substance that is suitable for this purpose. It can for example by a chemical substance, a soap solution, or an abrasive substance, such as a fine micro abrasive substance. The compound may be added in solution form, suitably diluted as desired.
[0065] In some embodiments the compound is directed through a hoe system that has a digital capability to control flow. For example, a flow meter is turned to “5 minutes” and then the compound is poured into the vibratory trough over a period of 5 minutes.
[0066] Step (c) of the method of the present disclosure involves moving the component support or the vibratory trough so that the component is immersed into the treatment media: The manner in which the component support or the vibratory trough moves to achieve this depends on the equipment used for this purpose. In some embodiments the component support is adapted to simply lower the component in the interior of the vibratory trough sufficiently for the component to be partially or substantially immersed in the treatment media.
[0067] Step (d) of the method of the present disclosure involves vibrating the vibratory trough to provide a substantially uniform surface treatment of the component. The vibratory trough is movable by at least one trough vibrating mechanism whose actuation is controlled by a controller in response to signals received from at least one sensor located on or within the vibratory trough. The sensor(s) measure either the acceleration of the component due to vibration or the impact force exerted by the media on the component. The treatment media is relatively impacting the component at user-defined energy (intensity) locally to the component, thereby imparting improved fatigue behaviour and mechanism through a plastic deformation-based surface improvement like micro hammering instead of erosion. In other words, the treatment media simultaneously peens and polishes the component within the vibratory trough. For the vibropeening, the media impacts and induces a local stress on the surface and just below the surface of the component through plastic deformation which results in smoother surface and compressive residual stress. The sensor data can be adjusted to obtain desired residual stress at different areas so that the residual stress is substantially uniform. Otherwise different sections may have different plastic deformations and therefore no uniformity.
[0068] Step (e) of the method of the present disclosure involves removing the component from the treatment media. In manner in which this is achieved will typically depend on the manner in which the component was immersed into the treatment media. In some embodiments the component support is operated to lift the component out of the treatment media. In some embodiments a sufficient volume of the treatment media is evacuated or otherwise removed from the vibratory trough so that the component is no longer immersed in the treatment media, for example by drawing treatment media from the vibratory trough through the treatment media outlet provided.
[0069] Step (f) of the method of the present disclosure involves detaching the component from the component support. The manner in which the component is detached from the component support depends on how the component was removably attached to the component support in step (a) of the method.
[0070] In broad terms the component treatment apparatus of the present disclosure comprises: a vibratory trough for receiving and retaining treatment media; a component support that supports the component within the vibratory trough, the component support being a support shaft upon which the component is removably mountable within the vibratory trough; at least one sensor that is mounted on the vibratory trough; at least one trough vibrating mechanism that causes the vibratory trough to vibrate; and a controller that controls the at least one trough vibrating mechanism thereby controlling the vibratory motion of the vibratory trough.
[0071] The component treatment apparatus of the present disclosure can take various forms. Four embodiments of the component treatment apparatus are depicted in the drawings and will now be described in turn.
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[0073] In the embodiment shown, the vibratory trough is composed of a metal, e.g. aluminium or steel, and it is lined with a layer of polyurethane to protect the vibratory trough and avoid any chemical reaction with the construction material of the vibratory trough. The polyurethane layer also serves to ensure the treatment media flows smoothly within the trough. It can also be useful to apply a layer of polyurethane to metal parts of the component treatment apparatus for which any polishing is not required or is undesirable. While in the embodiment shown the vibratory trough is lined with a layer of polyurethane, other materials may be used instead to fulfil the same or similar purpose, e.g. the vibratory trough may be lined with another polymeric material.
[0074] The component support can take a variety of forms, the chosen form being suitable to support the component that is selected to be treated in the component treatment apparatus.
[0075] The component treatment apparatus includes suitable equipment for the vibratory trough to be rocked or otherwise oscillated as desired. In the embodiment shown the component treatment apparatus has a system of actuators A-D and actuator extension rods 25. One end of each actuator extension rod is adapted to be securable with the vibratory trough so that any movement of the actuator extension rod within its actuator causes the vibratory trough to move. The actuator extension rods are individually extendable as necessary. The actuators of the embodiment shown are hydraulic but can be pneumatic or otherwise to be suitable for their purpose. The actuators are controlled by a controller 30 and the controlled actuation of the actuators causes the vibratory trough to move as desired, e.g. rocking the vibratory trough from side to side, from end to end, or from one corner to another corner, and according to a desired frequency, pattern and duration.
[0076] The controller 30 may take any form suitable for its purpose. For example, controller may include a processor (not shown) and a memory (not shown). The memory may include computer executable instructions that are executable by the processor to perform the logic of the computer-controllable unit or portions thereof that are described above. One or more analogue to digital converters may be used to process signals from various sensors.
[0077] In the embodiment shown the vibratory trough 10 has a treatment media inlet 35 and a treatment media outlet 40. These can take any suitable form for their respective purposes, the treatment media inlet 35 for controllably supplying treatment media into the vibratory trough and the treatment media outlet 40 for controllably emptying treatment media from the vibratory trough. Control of the treatment media inlet and the treatment media outlet may be manual or provided by the controller 30 or an additional controller.
[0078] In the embodiment shown the component treatment apparatus 1 has a plurality of sensors 45 that are located on and around the vibratory trough 10 and/or one sensor is located adjacent the component that is selected to be treated in the component treatment apparatus. The controller 30 may controls the actuations of the each of the actuators A to D based on the signals received from one or more of the plurality of sensors 45.
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[0085] In the fourth embodiment each actuator A to D is in the form of a shape memory alloy excitation unit and each shape memory alloy excitation is provided with a shape memory alloy spring 50. The controller 30 receives signals from a sensor 45 that is located on the inner side of one end of the vibratory trough, and receives signals from some additional sensors that are not shown in
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[0087] In a fifth embodiment of the component treatment apparatus of the present disclosure the component support 20 is in the form of a support shaft, e.g. a hollow support shaft, and the component support 20 is movable to enable different sections of the component mounted thereon to be uniformly treated within the vibratory trough.
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[0090] Having described the component treatment apparatus 1 of the present disclosure in the form of five embodiments
[0091] The vibratory trough 10 can be designed and the first trough wall 55 and the second trough wall 60 can be formed, shaped, angled and/or positioned in accordance with the desired requirements to ensure that the component 5 treated in the component treatment apparatus 1 is modified in a way that the component with desired mechanical and surface properties.
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[0093] It will be understood that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments above-described and various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concepts described herein. Except where mutually exclusive, any of the features may be employed separately or in combination with any other features and the disclosure extends to and includes all combinations and sub-combinations of one or more features described herein.