PRECERAMIC IONIC SYSTEMS

Abstract

A process of forming a Si-containing ceramic comprises forming a Si-based polymeric composition. The process includes neutralizing a charge of said Si-based polymeric composition. The process includes adding thermal energy under a controlled atmosphere to the Si-based polymeric composition. A turbine engine component comprises an airfoil and the airfoil comprises a Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC) material.

Claims

1-7. (canceled)

8. A turbine engine component comprising: an airfoil; and said airfoil comprising a Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC) material wherein said Ceramic Matrix Composite material is a composite having a Si-based polymeric composition and an additional metal species is combined with said Si-based polymeric composition.

9. The turbine engine component according to claim 8, wherein said Si-based polymeric composition is selected from the group consisting of polymeric polysilanes, polysilazanes, polysiloxanes, polycarbosiloxanes and polycarbosilanes.

10. The turbine engine component according to claim 8, wherein said polymeric composition can comprise at least one of a mono-functional polymer, bi-functional-polymer, multi-functional-polymer, hyperbranched polymer, polymer brushes and dendrimer molecules.

11. The turbine engine system according to claim 8, wherein said turbine engine component is a vane.

12. The turbine engine system according to claim 8, wherein said turbine engine component is a blade.

13. A process for manufacturing a composite system comprising: forming a Si-based polymeric composition; functionalizing said Si-based polymeric composition through covalent bond formation with an ionizable side group; neutralizing a charge of said Si-based polymeric composition by the addition of counterions to said Si-based polymeric composition including use of monomeric or polymeric species containing an opposite charge to that of the Si-based polymeric composition; and adding thermal energy to said Si-based polymeric composition and ionizable side group.

14. The process of claim 13, wherein said Si-based polymeric composition is selected from the group consisting of polymeric polysilanes, polysilazanes, polysiloxanes, polycarbosiloxanes and polycarbosilanes.

15. The process of claim 13, wherein said polymeric composition can comprise at least one of a mono-polymer, bi-polymer, multi-functional-polymer, hyperbranched polymer, polymer brushes and dendrimer molecules.

16. The process of claim 13, wherein said ionizable side group comprises hydrogel components.

17. The process of claim 16, wherein said hydrogel components comprise at least one of polyethylene glycol, polyethylenoxide, polyacrylamine, polyacrylic acid, and polymethacrylic acid.

18. The process of claim 13, further comprising: incorporating an organic functional group onto a backbone of said Si-based polymeric composition through covalent bond formation between the functional group and the backbone.

19. The process of claim 18, wherein said organic functional group is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, carbonyl, aldehyde, carboxyl, ether, ester, carboxamide and amine.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] FIG. 1 is an exemplary process diagram;

[0030] FIG. 2 is a table of exemplary organic functional groups

[0031] FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a component which can be used in a gas turbine engine.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Referring now to the FIG. 1, a process diagram illustrates a method to create Si-based polymeric systems. The process includes forming a Si-based polymeric composition 10. The Si-based polymeric composition is then functionalized with an ionizable side group 20. The Si-based polymeric composition and ionizable side group are then heated or otherwise exposed to thermal energy, to prepare the appropriate form and composition 30. These functionalized polymers can be heated using conventional thermal heating or microwave radiation-based heating to temperatures ranging from 100 C to 1200 C for times ranging from minutes to hours.

[0033] The Si-based polymeric composition is selected from the group consisting of polymeric polysilanes, polysilazanes, polysiloxanes, polycarbosiloxanes and polycarbosilanes, and the like. In one non-limiting example, the Si-based polymer is a polysiloxane with an imidazolium side group. In another non-limiting example, the Si-based polymer is a polycarbosilane with a glycol-based side group.

[0034] The polymeric composition can comprise at least one of a mono-functional-polymer, bi-functional-polymer, multi-functional-polymer, dendronized polymer, hyper-branched polymer and polymer brushes. Dendrimer molecules are also included as suitable compositions.

[0035] The side group on the Si-based polymer is a specific chemical structure and is selected to comprise a covalent chemical bond between the side group and the polymer or dendrimer backbone, and may be considered to have replaced at least one hydrogen atom on any of the Si, C, N, O, or P atoms within the respective polymer chain or chains. The side group may also be described interchangeably as a chemical functional group. Si-based polymer compositions may be chemically modified to include one or more identical or different side group structures.

[0036] Chemically distinct formulations are also contemplated. In one example, the Si-based polymer contains heteroatoms (C, N, O, P, etc.) within the polymer backbone (i.e. Si-C-Si bonding as in a polycarbosilane or Si—O—Si bonding as in a polysiloxane). In an alternate example, the heteroatom is part of the side group that is chemically bonded to the primary Si-containing polymer chains.

[0037] The ionizable side group comprises hydrogel components. The hydrogel components can be monomeric or polymeric in nature and include polyethylene glycol, polyethylenoxide, polyacrylamine, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, and the like.

[0038] In an alternative embodiment, the process can include incorporating an organic functional group onto a backbone of the Si-based polymeric composition. The organic functional group can include any of hydroxyl, carbonyl, aldehyde, carboxyl, ether, ester, carboxamide and amine as shown in FIG. 2. These organic functional groups can be at least partially ionized. Other ionizable functional groups not included in FIG. 2 are also contemplated.

[0039] An alternative process of forming a Si-containing ceramic can comprise forming a Si-based polymeric composition. The process includes neutralizing a charge of the Si-based polymeric composition. Neutralizing the charge can include the addition of counterions to the Si-based polymeric composition, including use of monomeric or polymeric species containing opposite charge to that of the Si-based polymeric composition. The process includes adding thermal energy under a controlled atmosphere to the Si-based polymeric composition.

[0040] The Si-based polymeric composition can contain an N atom. The compositions that include an N atom as part of the side group structure on the polymer backbone can include silazanes, amines, amides, and imid-substituted silanes and carbosilanes. Given the ionizable character of the N atom, the silicon compounds containing the N atom can be designed as suitable ionic species. The addition of appropriate counterions can provide charge neutrality. Under a predefined heating process with a controlled atmosphere, the silicon containing ionic pair can produce Si-containing ceramic. Depending on the nature of the counter ion, an additional metal species can be introduced to create a composite structure.

[0041] An exemplary embodiment can include a polycarbosilane—as would be used to make SiC monolithic ceramics, SiC-containing coatings or SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composites or their constituents that is functionalized with groups that can be ionized, such as a hydroxyl group. Under the right conditions, this would be a negatively charged species which can be blended with a positively charged metal-containing species such as Ti+ to form a charge-pair system. Other appropriate functional groups can be used and the metal species of choice can be tailored. As one example, the preceramic polymer/metal salt species could be created at low temperature and thermally processed to produce a SiC/TiC high temperature composite system. Ionic monomers can be used as well, so that a charged pair can be formed prior to polymerization of the monomer species.

[0042] In another alternative embodiment, the Si-based polymeric ionic system can be solid or non-volatile liquids. These forms of systems can be applicable as high-temperature lubricants or heat transfer fluids. In other exemplary systems the ionic systems can be utilized as electrolytes for battery or fuel cell applications.

[0043] In another exemplary system the Si-based polymeric ionic pairs can be used as starting materials for coatings, fibers and powders. In other examples these materials can be utilized prior to or after thermal conversion to ceramic material(s).

[0044] The ceramic materials that result can be formed into components for gas turbine engines, like airfoils, such as blades and vanes.

[0045] Referring now to FIG. 3, there is shown a ceramic matrix composite blade 100 for use in a gas turbine engine (not shown). The blade 100 may be a turbine blade or vane used in the hot section of the engine.

[0046] The blade 100 has an airfoil portion 120 and a root portion 140. The airfoil portion 120 and the root portion 140 may be an integral structure formed from a plurality of plies 180 of a ceramic matrix composite material. The blade 100 also has a platform 200 and one or more optional buttresses 220 formed from a platform assembly structure 240. The platform assembly structure 240 is formed from a ceramic matrix composite material. More details of forming the blade 100 can be found in pending patent application Ser. No. 13/173,308 incorporated by reference herein.

[0047] The use of ionic derivatives of preceramic materials is emerging and offers a new class of materials with a range of high temperature applications.

[0048] Ionic derivatives of preceramic materials can be utilized in many applications including a) high temperature structural composite materials and protective coatings, b) power electronic systems, c) high temperature coolants or heat transfer materials, d) high temperature lubricants with near zero volatility, e) water or polar solvent-dispersible resins for CMC processing.

[0049] There has been provided a method to create Si-based polymeric systems. While the creation and use of ionic derivatives of preceramic monomers and polymers has been described in the context of specific embodiments thereof, other unforeseen alternatives, modifications, and variations may become apparent to those skilled in the art having read the foregoing description. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace those alternatives, modifications, and variations which fall within the broad scope of the appended claims.