A SYSTEM FOR TRANSFERRING AN OBJECT FROM A SHIP TO AN OFFSHORE STRUCTURE

Abstract

Described herein are systems, methods, and structures for transferring an object between a ship and an offshore structure, comprising a hoisting mechanism arranged on the offshore structure and adapted to attach to the object, at least one range sensing device adapted to provide data relating to a detected distance from a reference point on the offshore structure to the ship, where the system is adapted to receive the data from the at least one range sensing device and to move the hoisting cable in response to the detected distance, and a motion reference unit adapted to provide data relating to a detected motion of the ship independently of the at least one range sensing device, and wherein the system is adapted to move the hoisting cable in response to the detected motion of the ship.

Claims

1.-10. (canceled)

11. A system for transferring an object from a ship to an offshore structure, the system comprising: an electrically operated hoisting mechanism arranged on the offshore structure and adapted to move a hoisting cable, wherein the hoisting cable is attached to the hoisting mechanism, and the hoisting cable comprises an attachment means adapted for attachment to the object; at least one range sensing device adapted to provide data relating to a detected distance from a reference point on the offshore structure to the ship, where the system is adapted to receive the data from the at least one range sensing device and to move the hoisting cable in response to the detected distance; and a motion reference unit adapted to provide data relating to a detected motion of the ship independently of the at least one range sensing device, and wherein the system is adapted to move the hoisting cable in response to the detected motion of the ship.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein the motion reference unit comprises at least one accelerometer on the ship.

13. The system of claim 11, wherein the motion reference unit comprises a receiver for external positioning data.

14. The system of claim 11, further comprising an emergency power supply for the electrically operated hoisting mechanism.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein the emergency power supply comprises an uninterruptable power supply.

16. The system of claim 11, wherein the offshore structure further comprises an electrical emergency power supply cable attachable to an external power source.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein the external power source is a generator on the ship.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein the generator is independent of the electrical system of the ship.

19. The system of claim 11, wherein the hoisting mechanism comprises a crane arm.

20. A method for transferring an object between a ship and an offshore structure, the method comprising: providing the offshore structure with an electrically operated hoisting mechanism responsive to a control unit, the control unit configured to receive vertical displacement information from a first device mounted on the offshore structure and receive vertical displacement information from a second device mounted on the ship, and the control unit receiving power from a stand-alone power supply mounted on the offshore structure or a cable adapted to connect to a power source on the ship; configuring the control unit to, in the absence of vertical displacement information from the first device, continue to operate using the vertical displacement information from the second device; and suspending the object using the hoist, wherein the control unit uses the vertical displacement information to determine to move the object in synchronicity with a vertical position of the ship relative to the offshore structure when within a predetermined distance to a deck of the ship to avoid collision of the object with the ship.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the offshore structure has no ladder.

22. The method of claim 20, wherein the offshore structure has no power, and the power source on the ship is generator is independent of the electrical system of the ship.

23. The method of claim 20, wherein the second device provides external positioning data.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the first device is a laser range finder.

25. An offshore structure, comprising: an electrically operated hoisting mechanism responsive to a control unit, wherein an object is suspended from the hoisting mechanism and the control unit moves the object up or down; the control unit comprising: a receiver configured to receive vertical displacement information relative to a ship docked against the offshore structure, the vertical displacement information provided by a first device mounted on the offshore structure and by a second device mounted on the ship; a motor configured to receive power from a power supply mounted on the offshore structure or a cable adapted to connect to a power source on the ship; and wherein the control unit is configured to move the object in synchronicity with a vertical position of the ship when within a predetermined distance to a deck of the ship to avoid collision of the object with the ship, wherein, in the absence of vertical displacement information from the first device, the control unit is configured to continue to operate the hoisting mechanism using the vertical displacement information from the second device; and wherein the offshore structure has no ladder.

26. The offshore structure of claim 25, wherein the offshore structure is a wind turbine generator.

27. The offshore structure of claim 25, wherein the offshore structure has no power.

28. The offshore structure of claim 27, wherein the cable is connected to a generator on the ship, and wherein the generator is independent of the electrical system of the ship.

29. The offshore structure of claim 25, wherein the second device provides external positioning data.

30. The offshore structure of claim 29, wherein the first device provides laser ranges.

Description

[0023] According to a second aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by a method for transferring an object from a ship to an offshore structure, wherein a system according to the first aspect of the invention is used. The present invention will now be described in greater detail based on non-limiting exemplary embodiments and the appended drawings, on which:

[0024] FIG. 1 shows schematic drawing of a system according to the invention comprising a ship docked at a ladderless offshore structure,

[0025] FIG. 2 shows details of the ladderless offshore structure of FIG. 1, and

[0026] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the interacting parts of the system.

[0027] Turning first to FIG. 1 a ship 1, such as a crew transfer vessel, is shown docked at an offshore structure 2, such as a monopile foundation of a wind turbine generator. Docked in this context means that the bow of ship 1 is pressed against the offshore structure 2, under the engine power of the ship 1. For this the bow comprises a fender 4 comprising materials with elastic and frictional properties suitable for keeping the bow in engagement with the offshore structure 2 under normal circumstances without damaging the offshore structure 2. Though the remainder of the ship may still move, the bow is relatively steady. There is, however, always a risk of the bow slipping if wind, waves or current become too excessive.

[0028] In this docked position transfers of objects, in particular persons, may take place. As will be seen the offshore structure 2 of the system is without the conventional protective landing structure and ladder. Persons and other objects to be transferred therefore must be hoisted onto the offshore structure 2, i.e. onto a platform 3 arranged quite a distance above the sea surface 5.

[0029] For this a hoisting mechanism 6 such as a crane 7 with an arm 8 extending over the edge 9 of the platform 3 is provided. The hoisting mechanism 6 further comprises a hoisting cable 10 with an attachment means 13 at the end for the person 12 to be hooked onto. Hoisting cable 10 is to be understood in a broad sense and could include wires of steel, as well as cables, ropes, cords, ribbons or similar long flexible members of natural or polymer fibres suitable for the hoisting purpose. The attachment means 13 could comprise a ring or a loop that the person 12 to be transferred may attach to or vice versa.

[0030] For the safe transfer of the person 12 the offshore structure comprises at least one range sensing device 14 (only shown on FIG. 1), e.g. comprising laser range sensors, located at a suitable reference point on the offshore structure 2, e.g. on the lower side of the platform 3, allowing them to measure the distance to the deck of the ship 1, when docked at the offshore structure 2. The measured distance, or rather data relating to the detected distance, from the reference point on said offshore structure 2 to the ship 1, e.g. the deck 15 thereof, is communicated in real time to a control device 16 on the offshore structure 2 via a wireless connection 20. Here it is received and processed, to provide an input to the control mechanism 17, e.g. a motor controller for controlling an electric motor of the hoisting mechanism 6 on the offshore structure 2. The input to the motor controller is also sent via a wireless connection 21, which may or may not be the same as the wireless connection 20 used for the data relating to the detected distance. One or more of the devices, such as the control device 16 and the control mechanism 17, may be integrated as one single unit 32.

[0031] Receiving the input in real time, allows the hoisting mechanism 6 to lift and lower the hoisting cable 10, and thereby anything attached thereto in synchronicity with the up and downward motions of the ship 1, in particular the deck 15 of the ship 1, or a selected part of the deck 15 of the ship 1. This synchronicity aids in securing safe transfer, not only from the ship 1 to the platform 3, but in particular from the platform 3 to the ship 1, as risk is reduced that the ship 1 may slip away below the person 12 before he is lifted off the deck, as well as for the person 12 to be hit by a ship 1 coming up while the person 12 is being lowered.

[0032] However, the ship 1 may not only slip vertically but potentially also sideways or even backwards. In those cases, the range sensing device 14 loses track of the deck 15 of the ship 1. Not knowing the position of the deck 15 in turn necessitates that the person 12 be hoisted sufficiently far away from the deck 15 of the ship 1 to ensure that he cannot be hit by the ship 1 or trapped between the ship 1 and the structure 2.

[0033] The present invention, however, reduces the risk that the person 12 is not being hoisted away from the deck 15 of the ship 1 by automating the procedure. More specifically the present invention utilizes a motion reference unit 18 adapted to provide data relating to a detected motion of said ship 1 independently of said at least one range sensing device 14. Thus, even if the ship 1 moves out of the view of the at least one range sensing device 14, the control device 16 on the platform 3 will still receive data on the position of the ship 1, in particular a vertical reference. Accordingly, it will still be able to transmit real time data about the vertical position of the ship 1, to the control mechanism 17 on the platform 3 via the wireless connection 21, and accordingly the person 12 may still be moved up and down in synchronicity with the ship 1. Even though, some security margin is preferably built into the system this security margin is much smaller than what is necessary in the prior art.

[0034] The motion reference unit 18 may comprise any suitably kind of sensor such as accelerometers, gyroscopes, or detectors allowing the position of the ship to be determined, but may include an absolute external reference 19 such as data from GNSS or differential GNSS. It may also rely on accelerometers tracking the motion of the ship 1.

[0035] As mentioned above, the offshore structure 2 is a ladderless structure. The lack of a ladder on the offshore structure 2 and the desire to hoist persons 12 and other objects onto the platform 3 using a hoisting mechanism 6 following therefrom, however, involves additional problems. One in particular is the need for a power supply for the hoisting mechanism 6 including the control mechanism 17 and the range sensing device 14.

[0036] If there is a power cut, e.g. failure of the grid connection 22 of a wind turbine generator, the wind turbine generator would in a worst case scenario be left powerless and isolated. Should this happen during transfer, it would leave the person 12 being transferred hanging helplessly in mid-air, as there is no possibility of climbing either up or down. An emergency power supply is therefore provided. Preferably, the hoisting system comprises an emergency power supply such as an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) 23, adapted to supply the hoisting system 6, the range sensing device 14, control unit 16 and the control mechanism 17 for a suitable period of time, allowing the person 12 to be hoisted safely onto the platform 3 of the offshore structure 2 or lowered to the deck 15 of the ship 1.

[0037] However, even though the use of a UPS 23 may suffice for acute emergency situations, it may not be suitable for all emergencies. If the power failure has happened long before the ship 1 has arrived with persons 12 that need to be transferred, the UPS is of no use. Accordingly, another back-up power supply is provided. This back-up power supply is provided as an electrical cable 24 that may be attached to an external power source, such as a generator 25, by means of a suitable connector 26.

[0038] Preferably, the electrical cable 24 is wound on a retractable cable reel 27 for automatic retraction of the electrical cable 24 and connector 26 towards the platform 3. At or in the vicinity of the free end of the electrical cable 24 where the connector 26 is located, the cable is attached to a tag line 29, which is in turn attached to the offshore structure 2 close to the sea surface 5. Thus the tag line will be in reach from the deck 15 of a properly docked ship 1, by a person 30, e.g. by means of a boat hook 31. Having grabbed the tag line 29, the electrical cable can be pulled down and connected to the generator 25 on the ship 1. The generator 25 is preferably separate from the electrical system of the ship 1, because the system voltages used on wind turbine generators normally differ from the system voltages used on ships.

[0039] Having connected the hoisting mechanism 6 to the generator 25 the persons 12 to be transferred, may now be transferred, preferably, but not necessarily using the motion synchronizing system described above using range sensors 14 and/or the motion reference unit 18. This then allows persons 12 to enter the offshore structure 2 after power failure, and e.g. reestablish the normal functioning of the wind turbine generator.

[0040] With this, an improved transfer system for transferring objects (such as persons) safely from a ship 1 onto an offshore structure, such as a wind turbine generator. The skilled person will know that the system may be devised in many variants different from the exemplary embodiments explained above without departing from the scope of the claims and the gist of the invention.