PROCESS FOR THE REDUCTION OF GAS EMISSION FROM FARM MANURE

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and a use of a composition, in each case for reducing the emission of environmentally harmful climate gases methane and/or carbon dioxide from farm manures during its storage. In some examples, the method and use involves bringing a composition comprising calcium cyanamide into contact with the farm manure.

Claims

1. A process for reducing the emission of methane and/or carbon dioxide from farm manure during its storage, comprising the process steps of: a) providing a storage tank for the farm manure with a volume X, and b) filling the storage tank with the farm manure in an amount equal to at least 5 vol. % of the volume X of the storage tank; and c) adding a composition comprising calcium cyanamide to the storage tank and bringing the composition into contact with the farm manure.

2. A process according to claim 1, wherein the addition of the composition takes place before, during or after the first filling with farm manure.

3. A process according to claim 1, wherein the addition of the composition: i) takes place once after or during the first addition of a first partial amount of farm manure to the storage tank, or ii) takes place in portions after each partial filling of the storage tank, or iii) takes place once after or during the complete filling of the storage tank with farm manure.

4. A process according to claim 1, wherein the storage tank for the farm manure is an open storage tank or a closed storage tank.

5. A process according to claim 1, wherein the storage temperature of the farm manure is from 0 to 60° C.

6. A process according to claim 1, wherein the composition comprises from 10 to 100 wt. % of calcium cyanamide.

7. A process according to claim 1, wherein the composition is added to the farm manure as a solid or as a suspension.

8. A process according to claim 1, wherein the composition is added to the farm manure in an amount of 0.5 to 10 kg per 1 m.sup.3 of farm manure.

9. A method of using of a composition comprising calcium cyanamide for reducing the emission of methane and/or carbon dioxide from farm manure during its storage in a storage tank.

10. A method of using of a composition comprising calcium cyanamide as a fermentation stopper or inhibitor of anaerobic fermentation of farm manure and/or as an inhibitor of microbial degradation of organic substrates in farm manure during its storage in a storage tank.

11. A method according to claim 9, wherein the composition comprises 10 to 100 wt. % of calcium cyanamide.

12. A method according to claim 9, wherein the composition comprises: a) 25 to 95 wt. % calcium cyanamide, b) 5 to 40 wt. % of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydrogen carbonate, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogen carbonate, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide, or mixtures thereof, c) up to 20 wt. % of at least one nitrate selected from the group consisting of sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium nitrate and calcium nitrate, or mixtures thereof, d) up to 15 wt. % free carbon, charcoal or graphite, and e) up to 10 wt. % water.

13. A method according to claim 9, wherein the composition comprises: a) 50 to 80 wt. % calcium cyanamide, b) 5 to 25 wt. % of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydrogen carbonate, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogen carbonate, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide, or mixtures thereof, c) 1 to 15 wt. % free carbon, charcoal or graphite, and d) up to 10 wt. % water.

14. A method according to claim 9, wherein the composition comprises: a) 35 to 55 wt. % calcium cyanamide, b) 15 to 35 wt. % of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydrogen carbonate, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogen carbonate, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide, or mixtures thereof, c) 1 to 20 wt. % of at least one nitrate selected from the group consisting of sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium nitrate and calcium nitrate, or mixtures thereof, d) 1 to 15 wt. % free carbon, charcoal or graphite, and e) up to 10 wt. % water.

15. A method according to claim 9, wherein the composition is used in the form of a solid or a suspension.

16. A method according to claim 9, wherein the composition is used in an amount of 0.5 to 10 kg per 1 m.sup.3 of farm manure.

Description

EXAMPLES

Example 1

[0128] Reduction of methane and CO.sub.2 emissions from cattle liquid manure

[0129] 1.1 Ingredients:

[0130] Fresh cattle liquid manure (=farm manure): [0131] From dairy cattle barn (Community Obing, Bavaria) [0132] Without dilution by rinsing waters, cleaning waters or similar waters [0133] Without litter [0134] Taken from the pre-chamber of the discharge channel in the direction of the slurry pit [0135] Analyses: total nitrogen: 0.40 wt. % [0136] Ammonium (NH.sub.4): 0.13 wt. % (equivalent to 0.10% NHa nitrogen). [0137] Nitrate nitrogen: <20 mg/kg [0138] Dry matter: 11.93 wt. % [0139] pH value: 7,4 (13° C.) [0140] Conductivity: 19.5 mS/cm (13° C.)

[0141] Composition comprising calcium cyanamide (Composition 1): [0142] Calcium cyanamide: 44.0 wt. % [0143] Calcium nitrate: 11.1 wt. % [0144] Calcium hydroxide: 13.4 wt. % [0145] Calcium carbonate: 10.0 wt. % [0146] Free carbon: 10.0 wt. % [0147] Magnesium carbonate: 2.3 wt. % [0148] Water: 9.2 wt. %

[0149] Fertilizer “Nitrate-containing calcium cyanamide” according to A.1. Nitrogen fertilizer No. 3 (b) according to Regulation (EC) No. 2003/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 Oct. 2003 relating to fertilizers.

[0150] 1.2 Experimental Procedure:

[0151] In a 6 liter wide-neck container made of polyethylene (PE) with a tight-fitting lid, 3024 mL (equivalent to 2953 g) of cattle liquid manure of the described composition (cf. 1.1) were provided. Subsequently, 8.86 g of Composition 1 was added (equivalent to 2.93 kg of composition comprising calcium cyanamide or 16.1 mol of calcium cyanamide per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure) and stirred in. After stirring, the pH value and conductivity in the mixture were measured, and then the wide-neck container was immediately sealed tightly. An opening was drilled in the lid of the wide-neck container, in which a sealed gas storage bag (nominal volume 5.6 liters) was connected and in which the released gas volume was collected. This structure prevented atmospheric oxygen from entering the wide-neck container. This prevented CO.sub.2 from the air from falsifying the measurement results. The mixture was stored for exactly 156 days without stirring or agitation at a temperature of 23±1° C. and at an air pressure of 960 to 980 hPa and at 493 m above standard sea level (NHN). At regular intervals, the filled gas storage bag was exchanged, the stored gas volume was determined volumetrically, and the gas composition was analyzed by gas chromatography.

[0152] The measured values after stirring in:

[0153] pH value: 7.5 (22° C.)

[0154] Conductivity: 19.8 mS/cm (22° C.)

[0155] Reference Experiment:

[0156] In a 6 liter wide-neck container made of polyethylene (PE) with a tight-fitting lid, 3018 mL (corresponding to 2947 g) of cattle liquid manure of the described composition (cf. 1.1) were added. The wide-neck container was then tightly closed. An opening was drilled in the lid of the wide-neck container, in which a sealed gas storage bag (nominal volume 5.6 liters) was connected and in which the released gas volume was collected. This structure prevented atmospheric oxygen from entering the wide-neck container. The mixture was stored for exactly 156 days without stirring or agitation at a temperature of 23±1° C. and at an air pressure of 960 to 980 hPa and at 493 m above standard sea level (NHN). At regular intervals, the filled gas storage bag was exchanged, the stored gas volume was determined volumetrically, and the gas composition was analyzed by gas chromatography.

[0157] During the experimental period, the gas storage bags were changed after 3, 16, 59, 73, 86, 99, 108, 115, 122, 128, 135, 142, 149 and 156 days, the collected gas volume was determined volumetrically and the gas composition was measured by gas chromatography.

[0158] 1.3 Results:

[0159] The resulting gas volumes of methane and carbon dioxide are shown in Table 1 below (see also FIG. 1—chart of methane and CO.sub.2 emissions from Example 1). The results refer to 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure per test variant.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Gas volumes produced, based on 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure Sample 1 Sample 2 Experimental (reference) (Composition 1) period Methane CO.sub.2 Methane CO.sub.2 [days] [mL] [mL] [mL] [mL] 3 95 [95]  291 [291]  2 [2]  4 [4]  16 65 [160] 52 [343] 2 [4]  16 [20]  59 88 [248] 27 [370] 1 [5]  3 [23] 73 324 [572]  54 [424] 2 [7]  2 [25] 86 401 [973]  89 [513] 2 [9]  2 [27] 99 592 [1565] 95 [608] 2 [11] 0 [27] 108 564 [2129] 104 [712]  2 [13] 2 [29] 115 651 [2780] 124 [836]  1 [14] 2 [31] 122 756 [3536] 147 [983]  1 [15] 0 [31] 128 833 [4369] 169 [1152] 1 [16] 1 [32] 135 934 [5303] 190 [1342] 2 [18] 2 [34] 142 985 [6288] 205 [1547] 2 [20] 1 [35] 149 876 [7164] 181 [1728] 2 [22] 2 [37] 156 707 [7871] 125 [1853] 1 [23] 2 [39]

[0160] The values refer to the time period, the values in brackets are the accumulated values over the entire test period. A chart is shown as FIG. 1.

[0161] 1.4 Summary of Results: [0162] Methane emissions: [0163] After 156 days of storage, 7871 mL of methane gas related to 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure was released in the reference experiment (Sample 1). By adding 8.86 g calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 1 comprising calcium cyanamide (Sample 2), which corresponds to 2.93 kg composition comprising calcium cyanamide or a substance amount concentration of 16.1 mol calcium cyanamide per m.sup.3 cattle liquid manure, these emissions can be reduced by 99.7% to 23 mL methane gas. [0164] CO.sub.2 emissions: [0165] A similar picture emerges here. After 156 days of storage, 1853 mL of CO.sub.2 gas related to 1,000 kg of slurry was released in the reference experiment (Sample 1). By adding 8.86 g calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 1 comprising calcium cyanamide (Sample 2), which corresponds to 2.93 kg composition comprising calcium cyanamide or a substance amount concentration of 16.1 mol calcium cyanamide per m.sup.3 cattle liquid manure, these emissions can be reduced by 97.9% to 39 mL CO.sub.2 gas

Example 2

[0166] Reduction of Methane and CO.sub.2 Emissions from Cattle Liquid Manure

[0167] 2.1 Ingredients:

[0168] Fresh cattle liquid manure (=farm manure): [0169] From dairy cattle barn (Community Obing, Bavaria) [0170] Without dilution by rinsing waters, cleaning waters or similar waters [0171] Without litter [0172] Taken from the pre-chamber of the discharge channel in the direction of the slurry pit [0173] Analyses: total nitrogen: 0.48 wt. % [0174] Ammonium (NH.sub.4): 0.22 wt. % (equivalent to 0.17% NHa nitrogen). [0175] Nitrate nitrogen: <20 mg/kg [0176] Dry matter: 10.30 wt. % [0177] pH value: 6.8 (24° C.) [0178] Conductivity: 18.5 mS/cm (24° C.)

[0179] A composition comprising calcium cyanamide (Composition 2): [0180] Calcium cyanamide: 67.7 wt. % [0181] Calcium oxide: 13.2 wt. % [0182] Calcium hydroxide: 3.2 wt. % [0183] Free carbon: 13.3 wt. % [0184] Water 2.6 wt. %

[0185] Fertilizer “Calcium cyanamide” corresponding to A.1. Nitrogen fertilizer No. 3 (a) according to Regulation (EC) No. 2003/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 Oct. 2003 relating to fertilizers.

[0186] 2.2 Experimental Procedure:

[0187] In a 6 liter wide-neck container made of polyethylene (PE) with a tight-fitting lid, 3090 mL (equivalent to 3032 g) of cattle liquid manure of the described composition (cf. 2.1) were added. Subsequently, 4.25 g of Composition 2 was added (equivalent to 1.38 kg of composition comprising calcium cyanamide or 11.6 mol of calcium cyanamide per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure) and stirred in. After stirring in, the pH value and conductivity in the mixture were measured, and then the wide-neck container was immediately sealed tightly. An opening was drilled in the lid of the wide-neck container, in which a sealed gas storage bag (nominal volume 5.6 liters) was connected and in which the released gas volume was collected. This structure prevented atmospheric oxygen from entering the wide-neck container. This prevented CO.sub.2 from the air from falsifying the measurement results. The mixture was stored for exactly 156 days without stirring or agitation at a temperature of 23±1° C. and at an air pressure of 960 to 980 hPa and at 493 m above standard sea level (NHN). At regular intervals, the filled gas storage bag was exchanged, the stored gas volume was determined volumetrically, and the gas composition was analyzed by gas chromatography.

[0188] The measured values after stirring in:

[0189] pH value: 7.5 (24° C.)

[0190] Conductivity: 18.9 mS/cm (24° C.)

[0191] Reference Experiment:

[0192] In a 6 liter wide-neck container made of polyethylene (PE) with a tight-fitting lid, 3038 mL (equivalent to 2981 g) of cattle liquid manure of the described composition (cf. 2.1) were added. The wide-neck container was then tightly closed. An opening was drilled in the lid of the wide-neck container, in which a sealed gas storage bag (nominal volume 5.6 liters) was connected and in which the released gas volume was collected. This structure prevented atmospheric oxygen from entering the wide-neck container. The mixture was stored for exactly 156 days without stirring or agitation at a temperature of 23±1° C. and at an air pressure of 960 to 980 hPa and at 493 m above standard sea level (NHN). At regular intervals, the filled gas storage bag was exchanged, the stored gas volume was determined volumetrically, and the gas composition was analyzed by gas chromatography.

[0193] During the experimental period, the gas storage bags were changed after 7, 44, 57, 70, 79, 89, 96, 103, 110, 117, 127, 141 and 156 days, the collected gas volume was determined volumetrically and the gas composition was measured by gas chromatography.

[0194] 2.3 Results:

[0195] The resulting gas volumes of methane and carbon dioxide are shown in Table 2 below (see also FIG. 2—chart of methane and CO.sub.2 emissions from Example 2). The results refer to 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure per experimental variant.

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Gas volumes produced, based on 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure Sample 1 Sample 2 Experimental (reference) (Composition 2) period Methane CO.sub.2 Methane CO.sub.2 [days] [mL] [mL] [mL] [mL] 7 70 [70]  118 [118]  2 [2]  6 [6]  44 11 [81]   5 [123] 3 [5]  5 [11] 57 101 [182]  15 [138] 1 [6]  2 [13] 70 244 [426]  31 [169] 2 [8]  2 [15] 79 190 [616]  26 [195] 2 [10] 2 [17] 89 331 [947]  58 [253] 2 [12] 2 [19] 96 416 [1363] 94 [347] 2 [14] 1 [20] 103 544 [1907] 153 [500]  2 [16] 2 [22] 110 637 [2544] 171 [671]  2 [18] 2 [24] 117 691 [3235] 198 [769]  1 [19] 1 [25] 127 714 [3949] 168 [937]  2 [21] 1 [26] 141 261 [4210] 58 [995] 2 [23] 2 [28] 156 206 [4416]  48 [1043] 2 [25] 2 [30]

[0196] The values refer to the time period, the values in brackets are the accumulated values over the entire test period. A chart is shown as FIG. 2.

[0197] 2.4 Summary of Results: [0198] Methane emissions: [0199] After 156 days of storage, 4416 mL of methane gas related to 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure was released in the reference experiment (Sample 1). By adding 4.25 g calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 2 comprising calcium cyanamide (Sample 2), which corresponds to 1.38 kg composition comprising calcium cyanamide or a substance amount concentration of 11.6 mol calcium cyanamide per m.sup.3 cattle liquid manure, these emissions can be reduced by 99.4% to 25 mL methane gas. [0200] CO.sub.2 emissions: [0201] A similar picture emerges here. After 156 days of storage, 1043 mL of CO.sub.2 gas related to 1,000 kg of cattle slurry was released in the reference experiment (Sample 1). By adding 4.25 g calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 2 comprising calcium cyanamide (Sample 2), which corresponds to 1.38 kg composition comprising calcium cyanamide or a substance amount concentration of 11.6 mol calcium cyanamide per m.sup.3 cattle liquid manure, these emissions can be reduced by 97.1% to 30 mL CO.sub.2 gas

Example 3

Comparative Example with Hydrogencyanamide Solution

[0202] Reduction of methane and CO.sub.2 emissions from cattle liquid manure

[0203] 3.1 Ingredients:

[0204] Fresh cattle liquid manure (=farm manure): [0205] From dairy cattle barn (Community Obing, Bavaria) [0206] Without dilution by rinsing waters, cleaning waters or similar waters [0207] Without litter [0208] Taken from the pre-chamber of the discharge channel in the direction of the slurry pit [0209] Analyses: total nitrogen: 0.42 wt. % [0210] Ammonium (NH.sub.4): 0.23 wt. % (equivalent to 0.18% NH.sub.a nitrogen) [0211] Nitrate nitrogen: <20 mg/kg [0212] Dry matter: 9.69 wt. % [0213] pH value: 7.5 (23° C.) [0214] Conductivity: 18.0 mS/cm (23° C.)

[0215] Composition comprising hydrogencyanamide (Composition 3): [0216] Hydrogencyanamide: 50.2 wt. % [0217] Water: 49.8 wt. %

[0218] 3.2 Experimental Procedure:

[0219] In a 6 liter wide-neck container made of polyethylene (PE) with a tight-fitting lid, 3030 mL (equivalent to 2979 g) of cattle liquid manure of the described composition (cf. 3.1) were added. Subsequently, 2.98 g of Composition 3 was added (equivalent to 0.983 kg of composition comprising hydrogencyanamide or 12.2 mol of hydrogencyanamide per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure) and stirred in. After stirring, the pH value and conductivity in the mixture were measured, and then the wide-neck container was immediately sealed tightly. An opening was drilled in the lid of the wide-neck container, in which a sealed gas storage bag (nominal volume 5.6 liters) was connected and in which the released gas volume was collected. This structure prevented atmospheric oxygen from entering the wide-neck container. This prevented CO.sub.2 from the air from falsifying the measurement results. The mixture was stored for exactly 150 days without stirring or agitation at a temperature of 23±1° C. and at an air pressure of 960 to 980 hPa and at 493 m above standard sea level (NHN). At regular intervals, the filled gas storage bag was exchanged, the stored gas volume was determined volumetrically, and the gas composition was analyzed by gas chromatography.

[0220] The measured values after stirring in:

[0221] pH value: 7.5 (23° C.)

[0222] Conductivity: 18.0 mS/cm (23° C.)

[0223] Reference Experiment:

[0224] In a 6 liter wide-neck container made of polyethylene (PE) with a tight-fitting lid, 3075 mL (corresponding to 3023 g) of cattle liquid manure of the described composition (cf. 3.1) were added. The wide-neck container was then tightly closed. An opening was drilled in the lid of the wide-neck container, in which a sealed gas storage bag (nominal volume 5.6 liters) was connected and in which the released gas volume was collected. This structure prevented atmospheric oxygen from entering the wide-neck container. The mixture was stored for exactly 150 days without stirring or agitation at a temperature of 23±1° C. and at an air pressure of 960 to 980 hPa and at 493 m above standard sea level (NHN). At regular intervals, the filled gas storage bag was exchanged, the stored gas volume was determined volumetrically, and the gas composition was analyzed by gas chromatography.

[0225] During the experimental period, the gas storage bags were changed after 11, 57, 66, 78, 88, 95, 106, 120, 137 and 150 days, the collected gas volume was determined volumetrically and the gas composition was measured by gas chromatography.

[0226] 3.3 Results:

[0227] The resulting gas volumes of methane and carbon dioxide are shown in Table 3 below (see also FIG. 3—chart of methane and CO.sub.2 emissions from Comparative Example 3). The results refer to 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure per test variant.

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Gas volumes produced, based on 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure Sample 1 Sample 2 Experimental (reference) (Composition 3) period Methane CO.sub.2 Methane CO.sub.2 [days] [mL] [mL] [mL] [mL] 11 41 [41] 31 [31]  2 [2] 4 [4]  57 44 [85] 6 [37] 3 [5] 8 [12] 66 325 [410] 38 [75]  4 [9] 2 [14] 78 319 [729] 35 [110] 12 [21] 3 [17] 88  375 [1104] 66 [176] 29 [50] 6 [23] 95  444 [1548] 100 [276]  43 [93] 9 [32] 106  296 [1844] 43 [319]  59 [152] 14 [46]  120  67 [1911]  7 [326]  66 [218] 17 [63]  137  17 [1928]  2 [328]  38 [256] 7 [70] 150   3 [1931]  2 [330]  13 [269] 2 [72]

[0228] The values refer to the time period, the values in brackets are the accumulated values over the entire test period. A chart is shown as FIG. 3.

[0229] 3.4 Summary of Results: [0230] Methane Emissions: [0231] After 150 days of storage, 1931 mL of methane gas related to 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure was released in the reference experiment (Sample 1). By adding 2.98 g hydrogencyanamide in the form of Composition 3 (Sample 2), which corresponds to 0.983 kg composition comprising hydrogencyanamide or a substance amount concentration of 12.2 mol hydrogencyanamide per m.sup.3 cattle liquid manure, these emissions can only be reduced by 82.9% to 330 mL. In addition, a significant methane development could already be measured after 78 days of storage. [0232] CO.sub.2 Emissions: [0233] After 150 days of storage, 330 mL of CO.sub.2 gas related to 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure was released in the reference experiment (Sample 1). By adding 2.98 g hydrogencyanamide in the form of Composition 3 (Sample 2), which corresponds to 0.983 kg composition comprising hydrogencyanamide or a substance amount concentration of 12.2 mol hydrogencyanamide per m.sup.3 cattle liquid manure, these emissions can only be reduced by 78.2% to 72 mL.

[0234] Compared to Example 2, where a comparable substance concentration was added, but as a composition comprising calcium cyanamide, the gas emissions in the comparative example—both methane and CO.sub.2—are significantly higher in absolute amount. Furthermore, the gas emissions start again after a considerably shorter time; in Example 3, a significant methane emission could be measured after 78 days of storage, whereas in Example 2, no significant gas emission could be detected after 156 days of storage.

Example 4

[0235] Use of a composition comprising calcium cyanamide as a fermentation stopper or inhibitor of anaerobic fermentation of cattle liquid manure and as an inhibitor of microbial degradation of organic substances in farm manure during storage thereof.

[0236] 4.1 Ingredients:

[0237] Fresh cattle liquid manure (=farm manure): [0238] From dairy cattle barn (Community Obing, Bavaria) [0239] Without dilution by rinsing waters, cleaning waters or similar waters [0240] Without litter [0241] Taken from the pre-chamber of the discharge channel in the direction of the slurry pit [0242] Analyses: total nitrogen: 0.48 wt. % [0243] Ammonium (NH.sub.4): 0.22 wt. % (equivalent to 0.17% NHa nitrogen). [0244] Nitrate nitrogen: <20 mg/kg [0245] Dry matter: 10.30 wt. % [0246] pH value: 6.8 (24° C.) [0247] Conductivity: 18.5 mS/cm (24° C.)

[0248] A composition comprising calcium cyanamide (Composition 1): [0249] Calcium cyanamide: 44.0 wt. % [0250] Calcium nitrate: 11.1 wt. % [0251] Calcium hydroxide: 13.4 wt. % [0252] Calcium carbonate: 10.0 wt. % [0253] Free carbon: 10.0 wt. % [0254] Magnesium carbonate: 2.3 wt. % [0255] Water: 9.2 wt. %

[0256] Fertilizer “Nitrate containing calcium cyanamide” according to A.1. Nitrogen fertilizer No. 3 (b) according to Regulation (EC) No. 2003/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 2003 relating to fertilizers.

[0257] 4.2 Experimental Procedure:

[0258] In a 6 liter wide-neck container made of polyethylene (PE) with a tight-fitting lid, 3058 mL (corresponding to 3001 g) of cattle liquid manure of the described composition (cf. 4.1) were added. The wide-neck container was then tightly closed. An opening was drilled in the lid of the wide-neck container, in which a sealed gas storage bag (nominal volume 5.6 liters) was connected and in which the released gas volume was collected. This structure prevented atmospheric oxygen from entering the wide-neck container. This prevented CO.sub.2 from the air from falsifying the measurement results. The mixture was stored for exactly 110 days without stirring or agitation at a temperature of 23±1° C. and at an air pressure of 960 to 980 hPa and at 493 m above standard sea level (NHN). During the experimental period, the gas storage bags were exchanged after 7, 44, 57, 70, 79, 89, 96, 103 and 110 days, the collected gas volume was determined volumetrically and the gas composition was measured by gas chromatography.

[0259] On the 110th day of the experiment, the container was placed in a box, also known as a glove box, and this was flushed with nitrogen until there was less than 0.1 vol. % oxygen in the glove box. The container lid was then unscrewed and 6.60 g of Composition 1 was added (equivalent to 2.16 kg of composition comprising calcium cyanamide or 11.9 mol calcium cyanamide per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure) and stirred in. Afterwards, the container lid was immediately screwed back on, the wide-neck container tightly closed, a gas storage bag (nominal volume 5.6 liters) connected and further stored without stirring or agitation at a temperature of 23±1° C. and at an air pressure of 960 to 980 hPa and at 493 m above standard sea level (NHN).

[0260] After additional 7, 17, 31, and 46 days, corresponding to 117, 127, 141, and 156 days total period, the gas storage bags were exchanged, the stored gas volume was determined volumetrically, and the gas composition was analyzed by gas chromatography.

[0261] Reference Experiment:

[0262] In a 6 liter wide-neck container made of polyethylene (PE) with a tight-fitting lid, 3038 mL (corresponding to 2981 g) of cattle liquid manure of the described composition (cf. 4.1) were added. The wide-neck container was then tightly closed. An opening was drilled in the lid of the wide-neck container, in which a sealed gas storage bag (nominal volume 5.6 liters) was connected and in which the released gas volume was collected. This structure prevented atmospheric oxygen from entering the wide-neck container. The mixture was stored for exactly 156 days without stirring or agitation at a temperature of 23±1° C. and at an air pressure of 960 to 980 hPa and at 493 m above standard sea level (NHN). At regular intervals, the filled gas storage bag was exchanged, the stored gas volume was determined volumetrically, and the gas composition was analyzed by gas chromatography.

[0263] During the experimental period, the gas storage bags were changed after 7, 44, 57, 70, 79, 89, 96, 103, 110, 117, 127, 141 and 156 days, the collected gas volume was determined volumetrically and the gas composition was measured by gas chromatography.

[0264] 4.3 Results:

[0265] The resulting gas volumes of methane and carbon dioxide are shown in Table 4 below (see also FIG. 4—chart of methane and CO.sub.2 emissions from Example 4). The results refer to 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure per test variant.

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Gas volumes produced, based on 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure Sample 2 Sample 1 (From 110th day with Experimental (reference) Composition 1) period Methane CO.sub.2 Methane CO.sub.2 [days] [mL] [mL] [mL] [mL] 7 70 [70]  118 [118]  70 [70] 113 [113]  44 11 [81]   5 [123] 12 [82]  5 [118] 57 101 [182]  15 [138]  61 [143] 10 [128] 70 244 [426]  31 [169] 208 [351] 22 [150] 79 190 [616]  26 [195] 177 [528] 21 [171] 89 331 [947]  58 [253] 270 [798] 38 [209] 96 416 [1363] 94 [347]  332 [1130] 59 [268] 103 544 [1907] 153 [500]   490 [1620] 115 [383]  110 637 [2544] 171 [671]   576 [2196] 152 [535]  117 691 [3235] 198 [769]    2 [2198]  2 [537] 127 714 [3949] 168 [937]    0 [2198]  0 [537] 141 261 [4210] 58 [995]   0 [2198]  0 [537] 156 206 [4416]  48 [1043]   0 [2198]  1 [538]

[0266] The values refer to the time period, the values in brackets are the accumulated values over the entire test period. A chart is shown as FIG. 4.

[0267] 4.4 Summary of Results: [0268] Methane Emissions: [0269] After 156 days of storage, 4416 mL of methane gas was released in the reference experiment (Sample 1) relative to 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure. The development of methane release in Sample 2 was similar to Sample 1 until the 110th day. By adding 6.60 g calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 1 comprising calcium cyanamide on the 110th day to Sample 2, which corresponds to 2.16 kg composition comprising calcium cyanamide or a substance amount concentration of 11.9 mol calcium cyanamide per m.sup.3 cattle liquid manure, the methane release was stopped immediately and permanently for the continuous experimental period. In the 46 days following the addition of calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 1, only 2 mL of methane were released. [0270] CO.sub.2 Emissions: [0271] A similar picture emerges here. After 156 days of storage, 1043 mL of CO.sub.2 gas related to 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure was released in the reference experiment (Sample 1). The development of CO.sub.2 release in Sample 2 was similar to Sample 1 up to the 110th day. By adding 6.60 g calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 1 comprising calcium cyanamide on the 110th day to Sample 2, which corresponds to 2.16 kg composition comprising calcium cyanamide or a substance amount concentration of 11.9 mol calcium cyanamide per m.sup.3 cattle slurry, the CO.sub.2 release was stopped immediately and permanently for the continuous experimental period. In the 46 days after the addition of calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 1, only 3 mL of CO.sub.2 were released.

[0272] Summary of the results from Examples 1 to 4

[0273] By adding 2.93 kg of calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 1 per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure and then bringing it into contact, the methane release is reduced by 99.7% and the CO.sub.2 release by 97.9% after 156 days of storage compared with the reference test. A very similar result is obtained with an analogous procedure and storage period when adding 1.38 kg of calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 2 per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure. Methane release is reduced by 99.4% and CO.sub.2 release by 97.1%. In contrast, the addition of 0.983 kg hydrogencyanamide solution in the form of Composition 3 per m.sup.3 cattle liquid manure, which corresponds to a very similar substance concentration compared to Examples 2 and 4, reduces the methane release by only 82.9% and the CO.sub.2 release by only 78.2% after 150 days of storage compared to the reference experiment. Furthermore, it is shown that by adding and bringing into contact 2.16 kg of calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 1 per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure at a time when the cattle liquid manure massively releases methane and CO.sub.2, this release is almost stopped. Thus, from the time of addition and a period of 46 days thereafter, only 2 mL of methane and 3 mL of CO.sub.2 are released per 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure, compared to 1872 mL of methane and 372 ml of CO.sub.2 per 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure in the reference experiment.

[0274] The absolute amount of releasable gases such as methane and carbon dioxide from farm manures depends on several factors: [0275] Type and origin of the farm manure [0276] Retention time, temperature and oxygen supply in the form of fresh air to the farm manure in the collection channel until removal [0277] Nutrient content in animal faeces as a result of feed composition for farm animals

[0278] This is evident in Examples 1 to 4. Although freshly collected farm manure of the same type and origin was used throughout these examples, the amounts of methane and carbon dioxide released varied between the references.

Example 5

[0279] Reduction of Methane and CO.sub.2 Emissions from Cattle Liquid Manure

[0280] 5.1 Ingredients:

[0281] Fresh cattle liquid manure (=farm manure): [0282] From dairy cattle barn (Community Obing, Bavaria) [0283] Without dilution by rinsing waters, cleaning waters or similar waters [0284] Without litter [0285] Taken from the pre-chamber of the discharge channel in the direction of the slurry pit [0286] Analyses: total nitrogen: 0.43 wt. % [0287] Ammonium (NH.sub.4): 0.17 wt. % (equivalent to 0.13% NH.sub.4 nitrogen). [0288] Nitrate nitrogen: <20 mg/kg [0289] Dry matter: 9.87 wt. % [0290] pH value: 7.0 (15° C.) [0291] Conductivity: 20.1 mS/cm (15° C.)

[0292] A composition comprising calcium cyanamide (Composition 1): [0293] Calcium cyanamide: 44.0 wt. % [0294] Calcium nitrate: 11.1 wt. % [0295] Calcium hydroxide: 13.4 wt. % [0296] Calcium carbonate: 10.0 wt. % [0297] Free carbon: 10.0 wt. % [0298] Magnesium carbonate: 2.3 wt. % [0299] Water: 9.2 wt. %

[0300] Fertilizer “Nitrate containing calcium cyanamide” according to A.1. Nitrogen fertilizer No. 3 (b) according to Regulation (EC) No. 2003/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 2003 relating to fertilizers.

[0301] A composition comprising calcium cyanamide (Composition 2): [0302] Calcium cyanamide: 67.7 wt. % [0303] Calcium oxide: 13.2 wt. % [0304] Calcium hydroxide: 3.2 wt. % [0305] Free carbon: 13.3 wt. % [0306] Water 2.6 wt. %

[0307] Fertilizer “Calcium cyanamide” corresponding to A.1. Nitrogen fertilizer No. 3 (a) according to Regulation (EC) No. 2003/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 Oct. 2003 relating to fertilizers.

[0308] A composition comprising calcium cyanamide (Composition 4): [0309] Calcium cyanamide: 97.2 wt. % [0310] Calcium oxide: 2.3 wt. % [0311] Calcium carbonate: 0.4 wt. % [0312] Water: 0.1 wt. %

[0313] Composition comprising calcium hydroxide (Composition 5): [0314] Calcium hydroxide: 99.8 wt. % [0315] Water: 0.2 wt. %

[0316] Composition comprising calcium carbonate (Composition 6): [0317] Calcium carbonate: 99.9 wt. % [0318] Water: 0.1 wt. %

[0319] 5.2 Experimental Procedure:

[0320] Composition 1:

[0321] In a 6 liter wide-neck container made of polyethylene (PE) with a tight-fitting lid, 3008 mL (equivalent to 2976 g) of cattle liquid manure of the described composition (cf. 5.1) were added. Subsequently, 6.55 g of Composition 1 was added (equivalent to 2.18 kg of composition comprising calcium cyanamide or 12.0 mol of calcium cyanamide per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure), and carefully stirred in. After stirring, the pH value and conductivity in the mixture were measured, and then the wide-neck container was immediately sealed tightly. An opening was drilled in the lid of the wide-neck container, in which a sealed gas storage bag (nominal volume 5.6 liters) was connected and in which the released gas volume was collected. This structure prevented atmospheric oxygen from entering the wide-neck container. This prevented CO.sub.2 from the air from falsifying the measurement results. The mixture was stored for exactly 170 days without stirring or agitation at a temperature of 23±1° C. and at an air pressure of 960 to 980 hPa and at 493 m above standard sea level (NHN). At regular intervals, the filled gas storage bag was exchanged, the stored gas volume was determined volumetrically, and the gas composition was analyzed by gas chromatography.

[0322] The measured values after stirring in:

[0323] pH value: 7.1 (22° C.)

[0324] Conductivity: 20.4 mS/cm (22° C.)

[0325] Composition 2:

[0326] In a 6 liter wide-neck container made of polyethylene (PE) with a tight-fitting lid, 2995 mL (equivalent to 2963 g) of cattle liquid manure of the described composition (cf. 5.1) were added. Subsequently, 4.15 g of Composition 2 was added (equivalent to 1.39 kg of composition comprising calcium cyanamide or 11.7 mol of calcium cyanamide per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure), and carefully stirred in. After stirring, the pH value and conductivity in the mixture were measured, and then the wide-neck container was immediately sealed tightly. An opening was drilled in the lid of the wide-neck container, in which a sealed gas storage bag (nominal volume 5.6 liters) was connected and in which the released gas volume was collected. This structure prevented atmospheric oxygen from entering the wide-neck container. This prevented CO.sub.2 from the air from falsifying the measurement results. The mixture was stored for exactly 170 days without stirring or agitation at a temperature of 23±1° C. and at an air pressure of 960 to 980 hPa and at 493 m above standard sea level (NHN). At regular intervals, the filled gas storage bag was exchanged, the stored gas volume was determined volumetrically, and the gas composition was analyzed by gas chromatography.

[0327] The measured values after stirring in:

[0328] pH value: 7.3 (22° C.)

[0329] Conductivity: 20.5 mS/cm (22° C.)

[0330] Composition 4:

[0331] In a 6 liter wide-neck container made of polyethylene (PE) with a tight-fitting lid, 3033 mL (corresponding to 3001 g) of cattle liquid manure of the described composition (cf. 5.1) were added. Subsequently, 3.00 g of Composition 4 was added (equivalent to 0.99 kg of composition comprising calcium cyanamide or 12.0 mol of calcium cyanamide per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure), and carefully stirred in. After stirring, the pH value and conductivity in the mixture were measured, and then the wide-neck container was immediately sealed tightly. An opening was drilled in the lid of the wide-neck container, in which a sealed gas storage bag (nominal volume 5.6 liters) was connected and in which the released gas volume was collected. This structure prevented atmospheric oxygen from entering the wide-neck container. This prevented CO.sub.2 from the air from falsifying the measurement results. The mixture was stored for exactly 170 days without stirring or agitation at a temperature of 23±1° C. and at an air pressure of 960 to 980 hPa and at 493 m above standard sea level (NHN). At regular intervals, the filled gas storage bag was exchanged, the stored gas volume was determined volumetrically, and the gas composition was analyzed by gas chromatography.

[0332] The measured values after stirring in:

[0333] pH value: 7.1 (22° C.)

[0334] Conductivity: 20.2 mS/cm (22° C.)

[0335] Composition 5:

[0336] In a 6 liter wide-neck container made of polyethylene (PE) with a tight-fitting lid, 3044 mL (equivalent to 3012 g) of cattle liquid manure of the described composition (cf. 5.1) were added. Subsequently, 1.51 g of Composition 5 was added (equivalent to 0.50 kg of composition comprising calcium hydroxide or 6.7 mol of calcium hydroxide per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure), and carefully stirred in. After stirring, the pH value and conductivity in the mixture were measured, and then the wide-neck container was immediately sealed tightly. An opening was drilled in the lid of the wide-neck container, in which a sealed gas storage bag (nominal volume 5.6 liters) was connected and in which the released gas volume was collected. This structure prevented atmospheric oxygen from entering the wide-neck container. This prevented CO.sub.2 from the air from falsifying the measurement results. The mixture was stored for exactly 170 days without stirring or agitation at a temperature of 23±1° C. and at an air pressure of 960 to 980 hPa and at 493 m above standard sea level (NHN). At regular intervals, the filled gas storage bag was exchanged, the stored gas volume was determined volumetrically, and the gas composition was analyzed by gas chromatography.

[0337] The measured values after stirring in:

[0338] pH value: 7.3 (22° C.)

[0339] Conductivity: 20.2 mS/cm (22° C.)

[0340] Composition 6:

[0341] In a 6 liter wide-neck container made of polyethylene (PE) with a tight-fitting lid, 2997 mL (equivalent to 2965 g) of cattle liquid manure of the described composition (cf. 5.1) were added. Subsequently, 1.48 g of Composition 6 was added (equivalent to 0.49 kg of composition comprising calcium carbonate or 4.9 mol of calcium carbonate per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure), and carefully stirred in. After stirring, the pH value and conductivity in the mixture were measured, and then the wide-neck container was immediately sealed tightly. An opening was drilled in the lid of the wide-neck container, in which a sealed gas storage bag (nominal volume 5.6 liters) was connected and in which the released gas volume was collected. This design prevented atmospheric oxygen from entering the wide-neck container. This prevented CO.sub.2 from the air from falsifying the measurement results. The mixture was stored for exactly 170 days without stirring or agitation at a temperature of 23±1° C. and at an air pressure of 960 to 980 hPa and at 493 m above standard sea level (NHN). At regular intervals, the filled gas storage bag was exchanged, the stored gas volume was determined volumetrically, and the gas composition was analyzed by gas chromatography.

[0342] The measured values after stirring in:

[0343] pH value: 7.1 (22° C.)

[0344] Conductivity: 20.2 mS/cm (22° C.)

[0345] 5.3 Results:

[0346] The resulting gas volumes of methane and carbon dioxide are shown in the following Tables 5 to 10 (see also FIGS. 5 to 10—chart of methane and CO.sub.2 emissions from Example 5). The results refer to 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure per test variant.

TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Gas volumes produced, based on 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure; comparison reference with Composition 1 containing calcium cyanamide. Sample 1 Sample 2 Experimental (reference) (Composition 1) period Methane CO.sub.2 Methane CO.sub.2 [days] [mL] [mL] [mL] [mL] 6 88 [88]  113 [113]  7 [7]  31 [31]  32 13 [101]  7 [120] 1 [8]  2 [33] 57 122 [223]  21 [141] 2 [10] 1 [34] 71 471 [694]  93 [234] 1 [11] 1 [35] 79 456 [1150] 92 [326] 1 [12] 1 [36] 88 497 [1647] 95 [421] 1 [13] 0 [36] 97 665 [2312] 94 [515] 1 [14] 2 [38] 104 425 [2737] 68 [583] 0 [14] 1 [39] 111 402 [3139] 66 [649] 0 [14] 0 [39] 118 433 [3572] 62 [711] 1 [15] 0 [39] 127 319 [3891] 82 [793] 0 [15] 1 [40] 139 364 [4255] 110 [903]  0 [15] 0 [40] 153 449 [4704]  99 [1002] 0 [15] 0 [40] 170 229 [4933]  65 [1067] 1 [16] 1 [41]

[0347] The values refer to the time period, the values in brackets are the accumulated values over the entire test period (see FIG. 5).

TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Gas volumes produced, based on 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure; comparison reference with Composition 2 containing calcium cyanamide. Sample 1 Sample 2 Experimental (reference) (Composition 2) period Methane CO.sub.2 Methane CO.sub.2 [days] [mL] [mL] [mL] [mL] 6 88 [88]  113 [113]  4 [4]  22 [22]  32 13 [101]  7 [120] 2 [6]  1 [23] 57 122 [223]  21 [141] 1 [7]  1 [24] 71 471 [694]  93 [234] 1 [8]  1 [25] 79 456 [1150] 92 [326] 0 [8]  1 [26] 88 497 [1647] 95 [421] 1 [9]  0 [26] 97 665 [2312] 94 [515] 1 [10] 1 [27] 104 425 [2737] 68 [583] 0 [10] 0 [27] 111 402 [3139] 66 [649] 0 [10] 0 [27] 118 433 [3572] 62 [711] 0 [10] 1 [28] 127 319 [3891] 82 [793] 0 [10] 0 [28] 139 364 [4255] 110 [903]  0 [10] 0 [28] 153 449 [4704]  99 [1002] 0 [10] 1 [29] 170 229 [4933]  65 [1067] 1 [11] 1 [30]

[0348] The values refer to the time period, the values in brackets are the accumulated values over the entire test period (see FIG. 6).

TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 Gas volumes produced, based on 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure; comparison reference with Composition 4 containing calcium cyanamide. Sample 1 Sample 2 Experimental (reference) (Composition 4) period Methane CO.sub.2 Methane CO.sub.2 [days] [mL] [mL] [mL] [mL] 6 88 [88]  113 [113]  46 [46]  60 [60]  32 13 [101]  7 [120] 3 [49] 3 [63] 57 122 [223]  21 [141] 4 [53] 2 [65] 71 471 [694]  93 [234] 4 [57] 2 [67] 79 456 [1150] 92 [326] 2 [59] 1 [68] 88 497 [1647] 95 [421] 1 [60] 0 [68] 97 665 [2312] 94 [515] 7 [67] 2 [70] 104 425 [2737] 68 [583] 18 [85]  3 [73] 111 402 [3139] 66 [649] 68 [153] 8 [81] 118 433 [3572] 62 [711] 97 [250] 13 [94]  127 319 [3891] 82 [793] 177 [427]  18 [112] 139 364 [4255] 110 [903]  295 [722]  24 [136] 153 449 [4704]  99 [1002] 564 [1286] 47 [183] 170 229 [4933]  65 [1067] 1025 [2311]  66 [249]

[0349] The values refer to the time period, the values in brackets are the accumulated values over the entire test period (see FIG. 7).

TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 8 Gas volumes produced, based on 1,000 kg cattle liquid manure; comparison reference with Composition 5 containing calcium hydroxide. Sample 1 Sample 2 Experimental (reference) (Composition 5) period Methane CO.sub.2 Methane CO.sub.2 [days] [mL] [mL] [mL] [mL] 6 88 [88]  113 [113]  125 [125]  138 [138] 32 13 [101]  7 [120] 39 [164]  15 [153] 57 122 [223]  21 [141] 124 [288]   21 [174] 71 471 [694]  93 [234] 709 [997]  136 [310] 79 456 [1150] 92 [326] 534 [1531] 121 [431] 88 497 [1647] 95 [421] 654 [2185] 149 [580] 97 665 [2312] 94 [515] 878 [3063] 136 [716] 104 425 [2737] 68 [583] 796 [3859] 108 [824] 111 402 [3139] 66 [649] 623 [4482] 108 [932] 118 433 [3572] 62 [711] 502 [4984]  85 [1017] 127 319 [3891] 82 [793] 411 [5395]  89 [1106] 139 364 [4255] 110 [903]  573 [5968]  89 [1195] 153 449 [4704]  99 [1002] 516 [6484]  84 [1279] 170 229 [4933]  65 [1067] 307 [6791]  82 [1361]

[0350] The values refer to the time period, the values in brackets are the accumulated values over the entire test period (see FIG. 8).

TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 9 Gas volumes produced, based on 1,000 kg cattle liquid manure; comparison reference with Composition 6 containing calcium carbonate. Sample 1 Sample 2 Experimental (reference) (Composition 6) period Methane CO.sub.2 Methane CO.sub.2 [days] [mL] [mL] [mL] [mL] 6 88 [88]  113 [113]  64 [64]  35 [35]  32 13 [101]  7 [120] 13 [77]  4 [39] 57 122 [223]  21 [141] 112 [189]  12 [51]  71 471 [694]  93 [234] 356 [545]  46 [97]  79 456 [1150] 92 [326] 447 [992]  75 [172] 88 497 [1647] 95 [421] 409 [1401] 77 [249] 97 665 [2312] 94 [515] 555 [1956] 78 [327] 104 425 [2737] 68 [583] 393 [2349] 71 [398] 111 402 [3139] 66 [649] 488 [2837] 75 [473] 118 433 [3572] 62 [711] 413 [3250] 71 [544] 127 319 [3891] 82 [793] 348 [3598] 86 [630] 139 364 [4255] 110 [903]  337 [3935] 108 [738]  153 449 [4704]  99 [1002] 477 [4412] 97 [835] 170 229 [4933]  65 [1067] 201 [4613] 67 [902]

[0351] The values refer to the time period, the values in brackets are the accumulated values over the entire test period (see FIG. 9).

[0352] 5.4 Summary of Results: [0353] Methane Emissions: [0354] After 170 days of storage, 4933 mL of methane gas related to 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure was released in the reference experiment (Sample 1). [0355] By adding 6.55 g of calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 1 comprising calcium cyanamide, which corresponds to 2.18 kg of Composition 1 comprising calcium cyanamide or a substance amount concentration of 12.0 mol calcium cyanamide per m.sup.3 cattle liquid manure, these emissions can be reduced by 99.7% to 16 mL methane gas. [0356] By adding 4.15 g calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 2 comprising calcium cyanamide, which corresponds to 1.39 kg composition comprising calcium cyanamide or a substance amount concentration of 11.7 mol calcium cyanamide per m.sup.3 cattle liquid manure, these emissions can be reduced by 99.8% to 11 mL methane gas. [0357] By adding 3.00 g calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 4 comprising calcium cyanamide, which corresponds to 0.99 kg composition comprising calcium cyanamide or a substance amount concentration of 12.0 mol calcium cyanamide per m.sup.3 cattle liquid manure, these emissions can be reduced by 53.2% to 2311 mL methane gas. Whereby after 97 days of storage, only 67 mL of methane was released, corresponding to a methane gas reduction of 2245 mL or 97.1% at this point. The majority of the methane gas was released during the subsequent storage period. [0358] Addition of 1.51 g of calcium hydroxide in the form of Composition 5 comprising calcium hydroxide, which corresponds to 0.50 kg of Composition comprising calcium hydroxide or a molar concentration of 6.7 mol of calcium hydroxide per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure, increases emissions by 37.7% to 6791 mL of methane gas. [0359] By adding 1.48 g calcium carbonate in the form of Composition 6 comprising calcium carbonate, which corresponds to 0.49 kg composition comprising calcium carbonate or a substance amount concentration of 4.9 mol calcium carbonate per m.sup.3 cattle liquid manure, these emissions can be reduced by 6.5% to 4613 mL methane gas. [0360] CO.sub.2 Emissions: [0361] A similar picture emerges here. After 170 days of storage, 1067 mL of CO.sub.2 gas related to 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure were released in the reference experiment (Sample 1). [0362] By adding 6.55 g of calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 1 comprising calcium cyanamide, which corresponds to 2.18 kg of Composition comprising calcium cyanamide or a substance amount concentration of 12.0 mol calcium cyanamide per m.sup.3 cattle liquid manure, these emissions can be reduced by 96.2% to 41 mL CO.sub.2gas [0363] By adding 4.15 g calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 2 comprising calcium cyanamide, which corresponds to 1.39 kg composition comprising calcium cyanamide or a substance amount concentration of 11.7 mol calcium cyanamide per m.sup.3 cattle liquid manure, these emissions can be reduced by 97.2% to 30 mL CO.sub.2 gas. [0364] By adding 3.00 g calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 4 comprising calcium cyanamide, which corresponds to 0.99 kg composition comprising calcium cyanamide or a substance amount concentration of 12.0 mol calcium cyanamide per m.sup.3 cattle liquid manure, these emissions can be reduced by 76.7% to 249 mL CO.sub.2 gas. [0365] Addition of 1.51 g of calcium hydroxide in the form of Composition 5 comprising calcium hydroxide, which corresponds to 0.50 kg of Composition comprising calcium hydroxide or a molar concentration of 6.7 mol of calcium hydroxide per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure, increases emissions by 27.6% to 1361 mL of CO.sub.2 gas. [0366] By adding 1.48 g calcium carbonate in the form of Composition 6 comprising calcium carbonate, which corresponds to 0.49 kg composition comprising calcium carbonate or a substance amount concentration of 4.9 mol calcium carbonate per m.sup.3 cattle liquid manure, these emissions can be reduced by 15.5% to 902 mL CO.sub.2 gas.

[0367] Summary of the results from Examples 1 to 5

[0368] The absolute amount of releasable gases such as methane and carbon dioxide from farm manures depends on several factors: [0369] Type and origin of the farm manure [0370] Retention time, temperature and oxygen supply in the form of fresh air to the farm manure in the collection channel until removal [0371] Nutrient content in animal faeces as a result of feed composition for farm animals.

[0372] This is evident in Examples 1 to 5. Although freshly collected farm manure of the same type and origin was used throughout these examples, the amounts of methane and carbon dioxide released varied between references.

[0373] By adding 2.93 kg of calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 1 per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure and then bringing it into contact in Example 1, the methane release is reduced by 99.7% and the CO.sub.2 release by 97.9% after 156 days of storage compared with the reference experiment. A very similar result is obtained with an analogous procedure and storage period when adding 1.38 kg of calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 2 per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure in Example 2. The methane release is reduced by 99.4% and the CO.sub.2 release by 97.1%.

[0374] These results are confirmed in Example 5 even with longer storage time. By adding 2.18 kg of calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 1 per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure and then bringing it into contact, the methane release is reduced by 99.7% and the CO.sub.2 release by 96.2% after 170 days of storage compared with the reference test. By adding 1.39 kg of calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 2 per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure and then bringing it into contact, the methane release is reduced by 99.8% and the CO.sub.2 release by 97.2% after 170 days of storage.

[0375] In contrast, the addition of 0.983 kg of hydrogencyanamide solution in the form of Composition 3 per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure, which corresponds to a very similar substance amount concentration compared to Examples 2, 4 and 5, reduces methane release by only 82.9% and CO.sub.2 release by only 78.2% after 150 days of storage compared to the reference experiment.

[0376] Furthermore, it is shown that by adding and bringing into contact 2.16 kg of calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 1 per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure at a time when the cattle liquid manure is massively releasing methane and CO.sub.2, this release is almost stopped. Thus, from the time of addition and a period of 46 days thereafter, only 2 mL of methane and 3 mL of CO.sub.2 are released per 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure, compared to 1872 mL of methane and 372 ml of CO.sub.2 per 1,000 kg of cattle liquid manure in the reference experiment.

[0377] However, the addition of 0.99 kg of calcium cyanamide in the form of Composition 4, which has a low proportion of calcium oxide (2.3 wt. %) and calcium carbonate (0.4 wt. %), per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure and subsequent contacting shows a significantly shorter period of reduced methane and CO.sub.2 release, although the added substance amount concentration of calcium cyanamide was the same as for Compositions 1 and 2 in Example 5.

[0378] Similarly, Example 5 shows that an addition followed by contacting of 0.50 kg of calcium hydroxide in the form of Composition 5 per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure actually increases the release of methane and CO.sub.2 after 170 days of storage compared with the reference experiment. The addition of 0.49 kg of calcium carbonate in the form of Composition 6 per m.sup.3 of cattle liquid manure under analogous execution, on the other hand, reduces the release of methane and CO.sub.2 only to a small extent. All the more surprising is the effective reduction in methane and CO.sub.2 release, lasting 156 days and 170 days respectively, by the addition of Compositions 1 or 2, which has a combination of calcium cyanamide and calcium oxide/calcium hydroxide and/or calcium carbonate.

[0379] The released gas volumes of the reference experiments from Examples 1 to 5 show that after 150 to 170 days of storage of cattle liquid manure, 4.2 to 5.9 times more volume of methane is released than of CO.sub.2. Considering the molar volume (V.sub.m), 1.5 to 2.1 times more mass of methane is released than of CO.sub.2. Methane has a global warming potential (GWP) of 28 according to IPCC AR5 based on 100 years. This means that within the first 100 years after release, one kilogram of methane contributes 28 times as much to the greenhouse effect as one kilogram of CO.sub.2 (source: Wikipedia). Thus, according to the present invention, a significant contribution is made to reducing greenhouse gas emissions without significantly increasing the nitrogen content in farm manure.