CONNECTION TEST APPARATUS

Abstract

A connection point test apparatus for testing the strength of an association of a connection point (or similar) to an object is disclosed. In one embodiment, the connection point test apparatus includes a body, the body having a surface configured for placement against a surface of the object so that force applied by the body to the surface can be reacted against during operation of the apparatus. The apparatus includes a load transfer assembly operable within a profile of the body, and releasably connectable to the connection point associated with the object. The load transfer assembly is configured operable with the body for generating a force for transfer to the connection point for testing its association to the object. The body is configured so that a portion thereof defines a chamber internal of the body for accommodating a fluid which, when placed under pressure, renders the load transfer assembly operable.

Claims

1. A connection point test apparatus for testing the strength of an association of a connection point to an object, the connection point test apparatus comprising: a body of single piece construction configured for placement against a surface of the object so that a reaction force can be applied by the body to the surface of the object as a reaction to a test force being applied to the connection point during operation of the apparatus; and a load transfer assembly operable within a profile of the body, and releasably connectable to the connection point associated with the object, the load transfer assembly configured operable with the body for generating the test force for transfer to the connection point for testing its association to the object; the body configured so that a portion thereof, cooperatively with the load transfer assembly, defines a chamber internal of the body for accommodating a fluid which, when placed under pressure, operates the load transfer assembly; wherein the reaction force is created by operation of the load transfer assembly and is transferred directly to the surface of the object by the body.

2. A connection point test apparatus for testing the strength of an association of a connection point to an object, the connection point test apparatus comprising: a body configured for placement against a surface of the object so that a reaction force can be applied by the body to the surface of the object as a reaction to a test force being applied to the connection point during operation of the apparatus; and a load transfer assembly operable within a profile of the body, and releasably connectable to the connection point associated with the object, the load transfer assembly configured operable with the body for generating the test force for transfer to the connection point for testing its association to the object; the body configured so that a portion thereof, cooperatively with the load transfer assembly, defines a chamber internal of the body for accommodating a fluid which, when placed under pressure, operates the load transfer assembly; wherein a diameter of the connection point test apparatus is substantially the same along its length.

3. The connection point test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the body is of cylindrical or tubular form concentric with a longitudinal axis of the connection point test apparatus, the body having a bore extending therethrough defining a periphery of the bore within which the load transfer assembly operates.

4. The connection point test apparatus of claim 3, wherein the bore is configured having a narrowing portion at a region along the longitudinal axis for defining first and second portions of the bore either side of the narrowing portion, the first portion of the bore configured for providing the portion of the body which cooperates with a portion of the load transfer assembly for defining the chamber, the second portion of the bore configured for providing a region of space in which a portion of the load transfer assembly connects with the connection point.

5. The connection point test apparatus of claim 4, wherein the surface of the body configured for placement against the surface of the object is provided at an end region of the body in the form of first and second spaced apart and substantially opposing leg portions.

6. The connection point test apparatus of claim 5, wherein the load transfer assembly comprises an engager provided operable substantially within the region of space provided by the second portion of the bore of the body, the engager comprising first and second leg portions each comprising respective apertures arranged substantially concentric with one another.

7. The connection point test apparatus of claim 6, wherein the load transfer assembly comprises a rod member operable with the engager such that movement of the rod member in a direction along the longitudinal axis of the connection point test apparatus causes movement of the engager in at least said direction.

8. The connection point test apparatus of claim 7, wherein the load transfer assembly further comprises a piston operable with the rod member, the piston comprising a bore extending through the piston and through which the rod member passes so as to associate with the piston by way of a threaded engagement, such threaded engagement allowing: (i) the rod member freedom to rotate relative to the piston about the longitudinal axis of the connection point test apparatus so that the rod member can translate along the longitudinal axis independent of the piston, while (ii) providing for movement of the rod member and the piston together along the longitudinal axis when either are caused to be moved along the longitudinal axis.

9. The connection point test apparatus of claim 8, wherein the piston is operable with the chamber such that fluid accommodated in the chamber, when under pressure, facilitates or encourages movement of the piston along the longitudinal axis of the connection point test apparatus.

10. The connection point test apparatus of claim 8, wherein the chamber is defined by at least a portion of the narrowing portion of the bore of the body defining the first bore portion, and a portion of the piston that faces said portion of said narrowing portion.

11. The connection point test apparatus of claim 7, wherein the load transfer assembly is configured operable with a handle of said apparatus for use in facilitating translation of the rod member of the load transfer assembly along the longitudinal axis for aligning the apertures of the engager and those at said end region of the body with an aperture provided by the connection point for allowing insertion of the retaining device for connecting the load transfer assembly with the connection point.

12. The connection point test apparatus of claim 11, wherein the handle is configured of a tubular form that is substantially commensurate with the profile of the body when the handle is arranged operable with the load transfer assembly.

13. The connection point test apparatus of claim 12, wherein the handle is engageable with the rod member so that both the rod member and the handle can be provided in fixed relation with each other thereby allowing for rotation of the rod member via the handle.

14. The connection point test apparatus of claim 2, wherein the body is formed of an assembly of first and second separate parts, the first part configured so as to provide the portion of the body which cooperatively defines the chamber with the load transfer assembly, and the second part configured so as to provide the surface of the body configured for placement against the surface of the object so as to provide the reaction force to the object.

15. A connection point test apparatus for testing the strength of an association of a connection point (or similar) to an object, the connection point test apparatus comprising: a body for applying a reaction force to the object; and a load transfer assembly operable within a profile of the body to generate a test force; the load transfer assembly comprising: a rod member associated with a piston by way of a threaded engagement so as to allow adjustment of the longitudinal position of the rod member relative to the piston by rotation of the rod member; and an engager, the engager being configured to be releasably connectable to the connection point so as to transfer the test force to the connection point; wherein the piston is configured operable within the body for generating the test force, which is transferred to the engager by longitudinal movement of the rod member for testing the connection point's association to the object.

16. The connection point test apparatus of claim 15, wherein the rod member is slidably received through an aperture of the engager.

17. The connection point test apparatus of claim 15, wherein the engager is axially translatable relative to a portion of the body that is for transferring the reaction force to the object.

18. The connection point test apparatus of claim 15, wherein the load transfer assembly is configured operable with a handle such that rotation of

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0126] Further features of the inventive principles are more fully described in the following description of several non-limiting embodiments thereof. This description is included solely for the purposes of exemplifying the inventive principles. It should not be understood as a restriction on the broad summary, disclosure or description as set out above. The description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

[0127] FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of one embodiment of an apparatus arranged in accordance with the principles described herein;

[0128] FIG. 2 shows a further perspective view of the embodiment described in FIG. 1 (but with the handle and clevis pin rotated slightly);

[0129] FIG. 3 shows a further perspective view (looking from the lower portion) of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;

[0130] FIG. 4 shows an exploded perspective view of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3;

[0131] FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the body of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1;

[0132] FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, with the cylinder body removed;

[0133] FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, with the cylinder and handle removed;

[0134] FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, with the handle removed;

[0135] FIG. 9A shows a cross section view of the embodiment shown in the preceding Figures, with the alignment shown in FIG. 2, and identifies regions A and B shown in FIGS. 9B and 9C respectively;

[0136] FIG. 9B shows a cross section view of region A identified in FIG. 9A;

[0137] FIG. 9C shows a cross section view of region B identified in FIG. 9A;

[0138] FIG. 10 shows a perspective view of the cross section shown in FIGS. 9A-9C;

[0139] FIG. 11 shows a cross section view of another embodiment of an apparatus arranged in accordance with the principles described herein;

[0140] FIG. 12 shows a cross section view of a further embodiment of an apparatus arranged in accordance with the principles described herein, whereby the body is defined by two portions coupled or connected together at an interface region; and

[0141] FIG. 13 shows a cross section view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, showing operation of the apparatus when testing a connection point.

[0142] In the figures, like elements are referred to by like numerals throughout the views provided. The skilled reader will appreciate that elements in the figures are illustrated for simplicity and clarity and have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions and/or relative positioning of some of the elements in the figures may be exaggerated relative to other elements to facilitate an understanding of the various embodiments exemplifying the principles described herein. Also, common but well understood elements that are useful or necessary in a commercially feasible embodiment are often not depicted in order to provide a less obstructed view of these various embodiments. It will also be understood that the terms and expressions used herein adopt the ordinary meaning as is accorded to such terms and expressions with respect to their corresponding respective areas of inquiry and study except where specific meanings have otherwise been set forth herein.

[0143] It should be noted that the figures are schematic only and the location and disposition of the components can vary according to the particular arrangements of the embodiment(s) as well as of the particular applications of such embodiment(s).

[0144] Specifically, reference to positional descriptions, such as ‘lower’ and ‘upper’, and associated forms such as ‘uppermost’ and ‘lowermost’, are to be taken in context of the embodiments shown in the figures, and are not to be taken as limiting the scope of the principles described herein to the literal interpretation of the term, but rather as would be understood by the skilled reader.

[0145] Embodiments described herein may include one or more range of values (eg. size, displacement and field strength etc). A range of values will be understood to include all values within the range, including the values defining the range, and values adjacent to the range which lead to the same or substantially the same outcome as the values immediately adjacent to that value which defines the boundary to the range.

[0146] Other definitions for selected terms used herein may be found within the detailed description and apply throughout. Unless otherwise defined, all other scientific and technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood to one of ordinary skill in the art to which the embodiment(s) relate.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0147] The words used in the specification are words of description rather than limitation, and it is to be understood that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of any aspect of the invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that a wide variety of modifications, variations, alterations, and combinations can be made with respect to the above described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of any aspect of the invention, and that such modifications, variations, alterations, and combinations are to be viewed as falling within the ambit of the inventive concept.

[0148] Throughout the specification and the claims that follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word “comprise” or variations such as “comprises” or “comprising”, will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or group of integers but not the exclusion of any other integer or group of integers.

[0149] Furthermore, throughout the specification and the claims that follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word “include” or variations such as “includes” or “including”, will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or group of integers but not the exclusion of any other integer or group of integers.

[0150] FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of a connection point test apparatus (hereinafter, apparatus 5) arranged in accordance with the principles described herein for use in the load testing of a connection point, such as for example, testing the structural capacity of a connection between the connection point and a heavy/large mass host body/object that is to be handled (generally, by way of lifting activities). As such items are generally used to operate as attachment points to connect lifting equipment (such as lifting ropes/wires) so as to lift/move the host body/object, a level of confidence is needed to provide an operator (and indeed, any of the underwriters/stake holders of the equipment/object(s) involved in the handling procedure(s)) a level of assurance that the connection is capable of sustaining the lifting load during lifting/handling. Accordingly, a connection point in the context of the description herein comprises, non-exhaustively, a point used for the purpose of serving as, in part, a point of attachment/coupling for handling large heavy objects using, such as for example, specific handling machinery. Such connection points may comprise, for example: attachment points, coupling points, lifting points, restraints formed with or coupled to attachment points, and pad-eyes. The skilled reader would readily appreciate the types of equipment that could be used for the purposes of providing such a connection point when handling heavy objects, equipment, structures, machinery and the like. Accordingly, for the remainder of this description, all applicable and relevant items are referred to as a pad eye P.sub.EYE whereby description of the apparatus 5 and its operation is via connection to the surface 20 of a host body 22 by way of weld connections C.sub.1, C.sub.2, as shown in FIG. 13.

[0151] The apparatus 5 comprises a body 10 is configured operable so as to provide a surface at an end 15 for allowing the body to abut against a surface 20 of an object 22 (shown in FIG. 13) to which the pad-eye P.sub.EYE is connected to (generally by way of appropriate welding process(es)/technique(s) and the like). In this manner, placement of the end 15 of the apparatus 5 against the surface 20 of the object 22 is so that force applied by the body 10 to the surface 20 can be reacted against during operation of the apparatus 5.

[0152] The body 10 comprises a bore 10.sub.BORE of varying cross section shape (refer FIG. 5, and FIGS. 9 to 13) extending therethrough as shown in the Figures. The bore 10.sub.BORE defines a periphery (eg. interior wall of the bore) within which the load transfer assembly 25 operates.

[0153] The apparatus 5 further comprises a load transfer assembly 25 (shown in FIG. 7) operably associated with the body 10, and releasably connectable to the pad-eye P.sub.EYE. The load transfer assembly 25 is configured operable with the body 10 for generating a force for transfer to the pad eye P.sub.EYE for testing its connection (via connections C.sub.1, C.sub.2) to the (host) object 22. The body 10 is configured so that a portion thereof, cooperatively with the load transfer assembly 25, defines a chamber 30 internal of the body (see FIGS. 9 to 13) for accommodating a fluid (such as for example, a non-compressible fluid) which, when placed under pressure, renders the load transfer assembly 25 operable. As noted, application of the load developed by the load transfer assembly 25 is for the purpose of testing the strength/integrity of the connection of the pad-eye P.sub.EYE to the object 22. With reference to FIG. 5, the bore 10.sub.BORE is configured having a narrowing portion N.sub.BORE at a region R along the longitudinal axis X for defining first 10.sub.BORE-1 and second 10.sub.BORE-2 portions of the bore 10.sub.BORE either side of the narrowing portion N.sub.BORE. The first portion 10.sub.BORE-1 of the bore 10.sub.BORE is configured for providing the portion of the body 10 which cooperates with a portion, or portion of a constituent component, of the load transfer assembly 25 for defining the chamber 30. The second portion 10.sub.BORE-2 of the bore 10.sub.BORE is configured for providing a region of space S in which a portion of the load transfer assembly 25 connects with the connection point (C.sub.1, C.sub.2).

[0154] As shown in the Figures, the body 10 is provided of a generally unitary form which serves to provide, in at least one aspect, an integrated environment for all components (eg. the load transfer assembly 25) to operate within. However, in other embodiments (as will be described below with reference to FIG. 12), the unitary form of the body 10 can be defined or provided by more than one separate portion (two separate portions in the embodiment shown in FIG. 12), with each separate portion being configured so that when assembled together they operate to provide a generally integrated body capable of operating in accordance with the principles described herein. The integrated nature of the body 10 assists in allowing the apparatus 5 to exemplify a reduced profile as compared existing pad-eye testing equipment. In this manner, with the chamber 30 being, in part, defined by internal portions of the body 10, operational reliance of the apparatus 5 is not placed on the use of third party hydraulic (or in some cases, pneumatic) ram arrangements. Thus, such integration of the chamber 30 within the body 10 of the apparatus 5 allows the apparatus to confer advantage in weight (for example, allowing ease of handling, human/user ergonomics), space (for example, allowing convenience in packaging, storage), and/or cost (less expense required for purchasing off the shelf hydraulic components). Furthermore, with a reduced overall profile, and with the load bearing components operating internal of the body 10, embodiments of the apparatus 5 can be used to safely test pad eyes that may be difficult to access using conventional load testing equipment.

[0155] As shown in the FIGS. 1 to 8, the apparatus 5 comprises a handle portion 35 configured so as to allow the apparatus to be carried by way of a gripping portion 35a. In this manner, the apparatus 5 can be readily portable, as well as easily handled by an operator when placing the apparatus in a position for load testing purposes (such as for example, at locations/regions which could be difficult to access for testing purposes when using existing equipment). As can be seen in the Figures, the apparatus 5 has a generally small/slender profile which assists in allowing the apparatus to be operable in difficult areas/spaces. The handle 35 is configured of a tubular form that is substantially commensurate with the profile of the body 10 when the handle 35 is arranged operable with the load transfer assembly 25. As shown in the Figures, the periphery of the handle 35 defined by its tubular form is of a profile that is substantially similar to that of a substantial portion of the body 10.

[0156] With reference to FIG. 5 (which shows a perspective view of the cross-section of the body 10 isolated from the remainder of the components), the body 10 is of cylindrical/tubular form and formed concentric about a longitudinal axis X of the apparatus 5. As shown, the body 10 comprises ends 15 (lowermost end, for the orientation shown) and 40 (uppermost end, for the orientation shown). As noted, end 15 is configured with a generally uniform or flat face F (facing downward in FIG. 15) so as to abut against the surface 20 of the object 22 during use (as shown in FIG. 13). End 40 of the body 10 is configured so as to operate with various of the main loading generating componentry of the load transfer assembly 25, as will described below.

[0157] End 15 of the body 10 comprises spaced apart opposing leg portions 12a, 12b (which form a spaced slot region 11 as shown in the Figures) each of which comprise respective apertures 14a, 14b. As will be described below, apertures 14a, 14b are operable for receiving a pin 65 (see at least FIG. 1) so as to allow the load transfer assembly 25 to releasably connect to the pad-eye P.sub.EYE.

[0158] The load transfer assembly 25 comprises componentry proximal with end 15 of the body 10, which are configured so as to establish a releasable connection to the pad-eye P.sub.EYE. As the skilled reader would readily understand, the general form of a pad-eye P.sub.EYE (being simply a plate or similar with an aperture (A.sub.P) (as indicated in FIG. 13), eyelet, opening, or loop formed therethrough) confers a point of attachment to a mass of sufficient weight/geometry where lifting equipment is needed for handling purposes. In the general sense, placement of a pad-eye P.sub.EYE to such a mass (22) allows a shackle (having a generally U-shaped body whereby the open region provided by its free ends can be closed by a pin (threaded, or lockable using other configurations) or similar) or similar load bearing component to be releasably connectable to the pad-eye. A rope or wire cable of sufficient structural strength can then be connected to the shackle, allowing the mass (22) to be lifted/handled as appropriate.

[0159] The load transfer assembly 25 comprises an engager provided in the form of a clevis 45 provided substantially adjacent end 15 of the body 10, the engager serving to connect (in a releasable manner) with a target pad eye. As shown in FIG. 6 (which shows a perspective view showing the load transfer assembly 25 with the body 10 removed), the clevis 45 comprises spaced apart leg portions 50a, 50b (which form a spaced slot region 13 as shown in the Figures) at its distal end 55. Each leg portion 50a, 50b of the clevis 45 comprise respective apertures 60a, 60b, each of which are arranged substantially concentric with one another so as to be capable of receiving the clevis pin 65. The apertures 60a, 60b of the clevis 45 correspond substantially with the apertures 14a, 14b of the body 10, however, as will be clear from the figures, the sizing is different for adjustment purposes. For example, the size of the apertures 60a, 60b is smaller than the size of the apertures 14a, 14b so that the load transfer assembly 25 can be adjusted (ie. translated along the longitudinal axis X) relative to the body 10 to account for pad eyes of varying geometry. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the clevis pin 65 may be formed in various sizes to suit different sizes of apertures/eyelets of respective pad-eyes P.sub.EYE so that the apparatus 5 may be used to load test different types of pad-eyes P.sub.EYE. Thus, the geometry of the clevis pin 65 can be formed or configured of variable sizes/dimensions in length and/or diameter to fit or be operable with a variety of sizes of pad-eye apertures/eyelets/loops. In some embodiments, the length of the clevis pin 65 may be substantially equal to or less than the outer diameter of the body 10 of the apparatus 5. The clevis pin 65 may be configured so as to comprise, or be operable with, one or more parts/components which operate to prevent the clevis pin 65 from slipping from position after being received by at least the apertures 60a, 60b.

[0160] Prior to the apparatus 5 being used (to apply the required load), the clevis pin 65 is threaded (ie. passed/inserted) through: [0161] (i) apertures 60a, 60b of the clevis 45, [0162] (ii) apertures 14a, 14b of the leg portions 12a, 12b of the body 10, and [0163] (iii) the aperture Ap of the pad-eye P.sub.EYE (see FIG. 13).

[0164] With reference to FIGS. 9A through 9C, once the clevis pin 65 is so threaded (ie. passed/inserted), it is threadedly engaged with a pin bush 70 which is inserted into aperture 60b of leg portion 50b of the clevis 45—the threaded engagement between the clevis pin 65 and the pin bush 70 serving to secure both components in position within the apertures.

[0165] The pin bush 70 comprises a bush portion 70a and a head portion 70b. The bush portion 70a is configured having a smaller diameter than that of the head portion 70b, the smaller diameter being sized so that the bush portion 70a is able to pass through the aperture 60b of the clevis 45, and the larger diameter of the head portion 70b sized so that a surface of a stepped region (shown in better detail in FIG. 9B—the stepped portion being the transition from the smaller diameter of the bush portion 70a to the larger diameter of the head portion 70b) which abuts against a portion/region of the periphery of the aperture 60b thereby preventing the pin bush 70 from passing completely through the aperture 60b when the clevis pin 65 and the pin bush 70 are threadedly engaged in the manner shown in FIGS. 9A/9B.

[0166] Furthermore, a further purpose of the engagement between the pin bush 70 and the aperture 60b of the clevis 45 is to prevent the clevis from rotating about the longitudinal axis X of the apparatus 5. As such, the pin bush 70 ensures that the clevis 45 remains orientated as desired in line with the slot 11 provided in the body 10. In this manner, the pin bush 70 achieves this by engaging or being guided by the sides of any of apertures 14a, 14b in the body 10.

[0167] As seen in FIG. 3 and FIGS. 9A, 9B, a channel 75 is formed in the base of leg portion 50a of clevis 45, the channel serving to provide entry and guidance for a spring plunger 80 which engages a grooved or recessed formation 85 formed on the surface of the clevis pin 65 at the location shown. As the skilled reader would appreciate, assembly of the clevis pin 65 with the pin bush 70 and the spring plunger 80 serve to safely secure the clevis pin when capturing the pad-eye P.sub.EYE prior to testing.

[0168] The skilled reader will appreciate that the above description serves to outline the ability of the load transfer assembly 25, at its end 15, to capture and secure the pad-eye P.sub.EYE for testing purposes.

[0169] Moving away from end 15, the clevis 45 is configured so that its leg portions 50a and 50b meet, thereby forming a substantially U-shaped form. At the meeting region of the leg portions 50a and 50b is an aperture 90 through which a shaft portion 100a of a threaded rod 100 passes so as to reside in the configuration shown in FIGS. 9A to 9C. The aperture 90, and indeed all components of the load transfer assembly 25, are concentric about the longitudinal axis X of the apparatus 5.

[0170] A head portion 100b of the threaded rod 100 is dimensioned larger than the shaft portion 100a such that the head portion abuts against an interior region I peripheral of the aperture 90 of the clevis 45 thereby providing an interference point. It will be appreciated that when in use (ie. the load transfer assembly 25 being connected with the pad-eye P.sub.EYE), the interreference between the head portion 100b and the clevis 45 at the interior region I peripheral of the aperture 90 operates to transfer the load from the load transfer assembly 25 to the pad-eye P.sub.EYE via the clevis 45 and clevis pin 65 components on translation of the threaded rod 100 upwards along the longitudinal axis X of the apparatus 5.

[0171] When assembled as shown in FIGS. 9A, 9B and 9C, the threaded rod 100 extends (upwards in the orientation shown) towards end 40 of the body 10. In doing so, the threaded rod 100 passes through an interior region or bore of an insert member positioned between, and concentric with, the threaded rod 100 and the body 10. The insert member is provided in the form of a central insert barrel 105 which inserts in a portion of an interior region of a bore 110.sub.BORE (refer FIG. 9A) of a piston 110.

[0172] With reference to FIG. 5, the body 10 comprises a central region 115 located at or near a central area of the body's bore 10.sub.BORE. The central region 115 comprises regions 115a, and 115b which are adjacent one another. Each of regions 115a, 115b represent one or more respective recesses formed in the interior walls of the bore 10.sub.BORE at or near the central region 115. A lower most end 116 (with regard to the orientation shown) of the central insert barrel 105 is held in position at the central region 115 of the body 10 (see FIG. 5) by way of a circlip 120. In this manner, the central insert barrel 105 is prevented from falling from its position relative to the body 10, but allows movement of the threaded rod 100 in the vertical plane along the longitudinal axis X. In one respect, the central insert barrel 105 serves to assist in preventing leakage of fluid (which enters the body 10 via a fluid injection port 125) from the chamber 30 on movement of the piston 110 (as will be described in detail below) by way of a seal assembly 108 provided between the facing surfaces of the central insert barrel 105 and the region 115b of the central region 115. In the embodiment shown, the seal assembly 108 comprises an insert ‘O’-ring 108a, and a tack-up′ seal ring 108b, however other sealing assemblies could be devised to serve the same purpose. In the embodiment of the seal assembly 108 shown, the central insert barrel 105 operates to play a part in defining the interior chamber 30 which accommodates the fluid during operation of the load transfer assembly 25.

[0173] Adjacent the region 115b is a seat 130 (see FIG. 5) on which a base portion 110a of the piston 110 sits when the apparatus 5 is in a non-pressurised condition. As shown in FIGS. 9A and 9C, piston 110 extends upwards (in the context of the orientation shown) from its base 110a to a head portion 110b. The bore 110.sub.BORE extends through the head portion 110b of the piston 110, a portion of which provides an internal thread 112a which engages with an external thread 112b provided on the exterior surface of the threaded rod 100, the engagement of the internal thread 112a and the external thread 112b both serving to form the threaded interface region 112 (shown in detail in FIG. 9C). A region of the bore 110.sub.BORE of the piston 110 and a portion of the length of the shaft portion 100a of the threaded rod 100 accommodates a portion of the central insert barrel 105.

[0174] As shown in FIG. 9C, a rod seal 111 is provided between the exterior surface of the central insert barrel and an interior surface of the bore 110.sub.BORE proximal the base portion 110a of the piston 110. Above the location of the rod seal 111 is a wiper seal 113.

[0175] As will be appreciated, the threaded engagement between the threaded rod 100 and the piston 110 serves to provide both components in fixed relation with one another having regard to movement along the longitudinal axis X—the threaded engagement allowing the threaded rod 100 freedom to rotate relative to the piston 110 about the longitudinal axis X of the apparatus 5 so that the threaded rod can translate along the longitudinal axis X independent of the piston 110, while providing for movement of the threaded rod 100 and the piston 110 together along the longitudinal axis X when either are in fixed relation with the other when either are caused to be moved along the longitudinal axis X. As such, movement of the piston 110 (to be described below) along the longitudinal axis X serves to also move the threaded rod 100 therewith.

[0176] With the piston 110 assembled in its position with the threaded rod 100, a distal end 145 (refer FIG. 5) of the body 10 is closed by way of a cylinder cap 150, the cylinder cap being threadedly engaged with the body 10 by way of corresponding and respective threads (110c, 145a) as shown in FIG. 9C. A wiper seal 119 is provided between the exterior surface of the head portion 110b of the piston 110 and the interior surface of a bore 150.sub.BORE (refer FIG. 9C) of the cylinder cap 150. A piston seal 109 is provided between the interior surface portion of the bore 10.sub.BORE of the body 10 and the exterior surface of the base portion 110a of the piston 110. In this manner, a fluidly closed cylindrical region in which the base portion 110a of the piston 110 operates is defined by (with reference to FIG. 9C) wall W.sub.1 of the body 10, wall W.sub.2 of the cylinder cap 150, seat region 130 of the body, and a wall W.sub.3 of the central insert barrel 105.

[0177] For the embodiments shown in the Figures, the chamber 30 is defined by the seat 130 of the body 10, the lower (in the context of the orientation shown in the Figures) facing surface of the base portion 110a of the piston 100, and the wall W.sub.3 of the central insert barrel 105. In this manner, the body 10 cooperates with the load transfer assembly 25 to provide the fluidly sealed chamber 30 operable for accommodating a fluid subject to a pressure, or increasing pressure. As the skilled reader would appreciate, the volume of the chamber 30 cooperatively defined by the body 10 and the load transfer assembly 25 can increase as the pressure of the fluid increases, and one or more components of the load transfer assembly moves (along the longitudinal axis X) in response to the pressurised fluid.

[0178] Accordingly, as described and shown in the Figures, interior portions of the body 10 operates with portion(s)/componentry of the load transfer apparatus 25 to define both the cylinder region and the fluid chamber 30, advantages being the ability to provide an integrated pressurisable fluid chamber for use in developing a load of sufficient magnitude to load test items appropriate for serving as lifting attachments for heavy industrial objects.

[0179] FIG. 9C also shows a degree of clearance (referenced in FIG. 9C by way of letter D′) between the upper facing surface of the head portion 110b of the piston 110 and an interior facing surface 35c of the handle 35. The magnitude of the clearance D can be dimensioned as appropriate.

[0180] The (upper) distal end 100c of the threaded rod 100 is accommodated in a recess 35d provided in an internal region of the handle 35 (recessed from interior surface 35c). The threaded rod 100 further comprises an aperture 100d provided at or near the distal end 100c and which is sized so as to be capable of receiving, in one form, a pin 100p. The handle 35 also comprises an aperture 35b which again is sized sufficient to receive the pin 100p therethrough. The threaded rod 100 is inserted into the recess 35d such that the pin 100p is able to pass through apertures 35b and 100d so as to connect or key the threaded rod 100 to the handle 35. In this manner, rotation of the handle 35 (via gripping portion 35a by a user serves to also rotate the threaded rod 100—as the threaded rod has rotational freedom about the longitudinal axis X. As the threaded rod 100 is threadedly engaged with the piston 110, rotation of the threaded rod by way of the handle 35 translates or moves the threaded rod with respect to the body 10 along the longitudinal axis X. In this manner, the starting position of the threaded rod 100, and consequently the clevis 45, can be varied as needed (generally depending on the geometry of the lift point or pad-eye to be subject to testing). Of course, the handle 35 being removable from the rod 100 (via removal of the pin 100p) allows the apparatus 5 to be readily disassembled for, for example, maintenance purposes and/or packing purposes for transportation/portability. The skilled reader would appreciate that many different arrangements could be realised that operate to key the threaded rod 100 with the handle 35, such as for example, using one or more grub or hex screws that insert through the apertures 35b provided at both sides of the lower portion of the gripping portion 35a of the handle (shown in FIGS. 1 and 6), and which each screw into respective threaded recesses (for example) provided in the threaded rod 100 at locations corresponding with the aperture 100d. In this manner, the handle 35 keys with the threaded rod 100 from opposing sides of the lower portion of the gripping portion 35a (and the threaded rod 100 at the location indicated by aperture 100d).

[0181] In one embodiment, the gripping portion 35a is configured so as to be capable of articulating (relative to the handle 35) between stowed and operable conditions such that the gripping portion 35a can be folded or retracted away (so as to reside proximal the exterior of the body 10). The skilled reader will appreciate that retraction of the gripping portion 35a to the stowed condition allows the upper region of the handle 35 to remain substantially flat which assists in reducing the overall profile or physical envelope of the apparatus 5 for packing/transportation/portability purposes.

[0182] General operation of the apparatus 5 will now be described.

[0183] Adjacent the base 110a of the piston 110 is the fluid injection port 125. The fluid injection port 125 provides the main means of injecting a suitable fluid, such as for example, a hydraulic fluid (eg. a non-compressible fluid), into the chamber 30 for acting against the piston 110 (ie. so as to facilitate, when under pressure, movement of the piston 110 and the threaded rod 100). It is noted that a compressible fluid, such as for example air, could be used for operation of embodiments of the apparatus 5. However, a pneumatic configuration has the potential to reduce the usefulness of the apparatus in that a longer period of time (as compared using a non-compressible fluid) may be needed in order for the appropriate pressure to be built up for testing purposes, and it is generally not possible to achieve the same pressure(s) possible using hydraulic arrangements. For example, embodiments arranged and tested in accordance with those described herein, operate using about 10,000 psi oil pressure, but a standard compressor will provide 100 psi of air pressure. It follows that the equivalent pneumatic arrangement would require a piston area 100 times larger than that used for a hydraulic configuration (even gas in nitrogen cylinders operate at about 2,000 psi). When requiring high pressures, safety is another concern as one is then dealing with a pressure vessel. Accordingly, while a pneumatic arrangement could be possible, embodiments tested to date have involved a hydraulic arrangement using a non-compressible fluid.

[0184] With reference to the FIG. 13, the fluid injection 125 is configured so as to deliver fluid into a channel 140, which is in fluid communication with the chamber 30. In the configuration shown in FIG. 13, fluid entering via the fluid injection port 125 fills the channel 140, the chamber 30 and, when appropriately pressurized, begins to act on the lower facing surface 130 (see FIG. 9C) of the piston 110. As the only freedom of movement of the piston 110 is, in the context of the arrangement shown in the Figures, upward along the longitudinal axis X in the direction M, increases in fluid pressure, serve to force the piston 110 upwardly which, in turn, due to the piston's threaded engagement with the threaded rod 95, facilitates movement of the threaded rod 100 in the same direction. When the clevis 45 is connected to the pad-eye P.sub.EYE, and the body 10 supported (at end 15) on the surface 20 of the host object 22, relative movement of the threaded rod 95 (relative to the body 10 and the host object 22) will commence. However, such movement will be resisted by the connection (C.sub.1, C.sub.2) between the pad-eye P.sub.EYE by way of the clevis pin 65 which will result in a load being applied to the pad-eye. As such, increased fluid pressure is needed to increase the force applied to the pad-eye P.sub.EYE.

[0185] An operator of the apparatus 5 will continue to increase the fluid pressure until a designated load (that required by the applicable regulatory framework) is reached, or the connection C.sub.1, C.sub.2 or the pad eye itself fails.

[0186] It is noted that the general arrangement of the load transfer assembly 25 and the body 10 (notably its configuration at end 15) is adjustable so that the apparatus 5 can be used to lift points/pad-eyes P.sub.EYE of different geometries. In this regard, the apertures 14a, 14b approximal end 15 of the body 10 are dimensioned so that the clevis pin 65 (and the clevis 45) can be threaded through apertures of lift points/pad-eyes that may be spaced at varying distances from the surface of the host object (to which the relevant lift point/pad-eye is connected to). Differing geometries of this type may be accommodated by threading the threaded rod 100 with the piston 110 further along the shaft portion 100a of the rod as appropriate (by way of the handle 35). As noted above, the threaded rod 100 is keyed to the handle 35 by way of pin 100p. Therefore, different spacings (with respect to the body 10) of the eyelet or aperture (A.sub.P) of the lift points/pad-eyes P.sub.EYE can be accommodated by the user of the apparatus 5 simply rotating the handle 35 thereby translating the threaded rod 100 along the longitudinal axis X until the apertures 50a, 50b of the clevis 45 are substantially concentric/aligned with the eyelet/aperture of the relevant lift point/pad-eye (P.sub.EYE), following which the clevis pin 65 (push pin 70) can be inserted and secured in the manner described above. Thus, any variations in distance of a lifting point/pad-eyes from the surface of the host object can be readily accommodated.

[0187] A further form 5′ of the body 10 of the apparatus is shown in FIG. 12. The substance of the arrangement is substantially the same as that shown in FIG. 11, however, the apparatus 5′ features a body 10 comprised of two separate portions, 10A and 10B which can be joined together at an interface region where both portions (10A, and 10B) are coupled or connected together so as to define the body 10; marked in FIG. 12 as ‘10A/B Interface’. A suitable coupling or connection arrangement provided at such an interface region could comprise, for example, a threaded region (shown in FIG. 12) provided at respective meeting ends of both portions 10A, 10B. Accordingly, such an arrangement (of the body 10) accords with the principles described herein; as opposed to arrangements involving a plurality of separate bodies of components effectively collocated together providing a modular configuration. It will be appreciated that the body 10 could be configured so as to be formed with any number of portions which, when assembled, operate in accordance with the principles described herein.

[0188] The principles of the embodiments of the apparatus 5 described herein may be implemented in various ways. Broadly, one such implementation may involve providing (by manufacturing, assembling, operably configuring, or otherwise) any embodiment of an apparatus configured in accordance with any of the embodiments of the apparatus 5 described herein, locating such an apparatus on the surface (20) of an object (22) so as to be substantially concentric with a target pad eye (P.sub.EYE); connecting the pad eye (P.sub.EYE) to the load transfer assembly 25 of the apparatus (5); and operating the apparatus so as to transfer a force to the pad eye (P.sub.EYE) for testing the structural capacity of the connection C.sub.1, C.sub.2.

[0189] The apparatus 5 may be preferably positioned such that the first, second leg portions 12a, 12b of the body 10, and the first, second leg portions 50a, 50b of the clevis 45 substantially correspond or are substantially concentric with an aperture (A.sub.P) or eyelet of the pad eye (P.sub.EYE).

[0190] The load transfer assembly 25 may require adjusted so that the clevis pin 65 can be threaded (ie. passed/inserted) through the respective apertures (14a, 14b, 50a, 50b) of both the first, second leg portions (12a, 12b, 50a, 50b) of the body (10) and the clevis 45, and the aperture/eyelet (A.sub.P) of the pad-eye P.sub.EYE. As noted above, such adjustment may require the manual manipulation of the handle 35 so as to translate the threaded rod 100 (and consequently the clevis 45) along the longitudinal axis X of the apparatus 5 so that the respective apertures of the first, second leg portions of the body 10 and the clevis 45, and the aperture/eyelet of the pad eye are in substantial alignment of substantially concentric with one another so that the clevis pin 65 can be inserted and secured appropriately.

[0191] A fluid source is then connected to the fluid injection port 125 and a flow of fluid encouraged into the chamber 30 (for example by way of a fluid pump or similar). As the only freedom of movement of the piston 110 is along the longitudinal axis X of the apparatus 5, increases in fluid pressure serve to encourage further movement of the piston 110 which, in turn, due to the piston's threaded engagement with the threaded rod 100, facilitates movement of the rod in the same direction. As the clevis 45 is connected to the relevant pad-eye P.sub.EYE, and the body 10 supported (by way of the first end 15) on the surface 20 of the host object 22, relative movement of the threaded rod 100 (relative to the body 10 and the host object) will commence. However, such movement will be resisted by the connections (C.sub.1, C.sub.2) between the pad-eye P.sub.EYE which will result in a load being applied to the pad eye and consequently the connection (C.sub.1, C.sub.2). As such, increased fluid pressure is needed to increase the force applied to the pad-eye P.sub.EYE, and consequently its connection to the host object 22.

[0192] An operator of embodiments of the apparatus 5 will continue to increase the fluid pressure until a designated load (that required by the applicable regulatory framework) is reached, or the connection or the pad eye itself fails.

[0193] In other forms, any of the embodiments described herein may be provided as a kit of parts comprising any of the features or components of any embodiments of the systems described herein. In this manner, the apparatus 5, either as a complete set of relevant parts or otherwise (which could be provided as supplementary kits, for example) can be provided commercially.

[0194] The skilled person would appreciate the types of materials that can be used to form any of the components of the apparatus 5 in view of the operational performance required of the apparatus. In one embodiment, the body 10 may be formed (for example, machined) from high strength steel, aluminum, titanium, as possible examples.

[0195] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that a wide variety of modifications, variations, alterations, and combinations can be made with respect to the above described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of any aspect of the principles described herein, and that such modifications, variations, alterations, and combinations are to be viewed as falling within the ambit of the inventive concept.