BELT RETRACTOR

Abstract

A belt retractor comprising a belt reel rotatably mounted in a frame securable to a vehicle and on which a seatbelt can be wound, and a blocking device arranged on a mechanical side of the belt reel and which blocks the belt reel when a specified seatbelt pull-out acceleration and/or a vehicle deceleration is exceeded, activating the blocking device in the pull-out direction of the seatbelt, and an electric motor for rotating the belt reel, and a gearing mechanism which transmits the rotational movement from the electric motor to the belt reel, wherein the electric motor and gearing mechanism are arranged coaxial to the rotational axis of the belt reel and in series relative to the belt reel; and a transfer rod is provided arranged coaxial to the rotational axis of the belt reel and in series with the belt reel.

Claims

1. A belt retractor having a belt reel which is rotatably mounted in a housing which can be fixed to the vehicle and onto which a seat belt can be wound, and a first locking device which is arranged at a mechanical end of the belt reel and locks the belt reel when a preset belt pull-out acceleration and/or vehicle deceleration is exceeded and an activation in the pull-out direction of the seat belt is thereby triggered, and an electric motor for driving the belt reel into a rotational movement, and a gearing mechanism transmitting the rotational movement of the electric motor to the belt reel, wherein the electric motor and the gearing mechanism are arranged coaxially to the axis of rotation of the belt reel and in series with the belt reel, and a transfer rod arranged coaxially to the axis of rotation of the belt reel and in series with the belt reel is provided that is connected by a first end to the belt reel in a rotationally fixed manner at the mechanism end of the belt reel, and by a second end via a profile to an output gear of the gearing mechanism and extends through the first locking device.

2. The belt retractor according to claim 1, wherein the first locking device has a first rotatably mounted control disk, and the transfer rod extends through a central opening in the first control disk.

3. The belt retractor according to claim 2, wherein the first control disc is mounted on the transfer rod.

4. The belt retractor according to claim 1, wherein a second blocking device is provided which, upon activation, blocks a part of the gearing mechanism in a vehicle-fixed manner and thereby shifts the gearing mechanism from a first force transmission path into a second force transmission path, and the second locking device has a second rotatably mounted control disk, and the transfer rod extends through a central opening in the second control disk.

5. The belt retractor according to claim 4, wherein the second control disc is mounted on the transfer rod.

6. The belt retractor according to claim 2 and, wherein the first and the second control discs are arranged in parallel next to one another and with their rotational axes coaxial to one another.

7. The belt retractor according to claim 6, wherein the first and the second control disks can be locked by a common locking lever.

8. The belt retractor according to claim 1, wherein the belt reel is designed in two parts with a belt reel body and a profile head which can be blocked in a vehicle-fixed manner by the first blocking device, and a force-limiting device arranged between the belt reel body and the profile head, and the first end of the transfer rod is connected to the profile head in a rotationally fixed manner.

9. The belt retractor according to claim 8, wherein the force-limiting device comprises at least one torsion bar which is arranged coaxial to the rotational axis of the belt reel and a first end of which is rotationally fixed in a receptacle arranged on the outer face of the belt reel body, and a second end of which is rotationally fixed in a receptacle in the profile head.

10. The belt retractor according to claim 8, wherein the transfer rod has a lower deformation resistance than the force-limiting device.

11. The belt retractor according to claim 1, wherein the transfer rod is made of plastic.

Description

[0023] The invention is explained below using preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures. The following are shown:

[0024] FIG. 1 a belt retractor according to the invention, in an exploded view, and

[0025] FIG. 2 a belt retractor according to the invention, in a sectional view.

[0026] In FIG. 1, a belt retractor 1 according to the invention is visible with two housing halves 2 and 3, shown only in cutouts for the sake of clarity. The complete housing halves 2 and 3 externally encapsulate the belt retractor 1 and additionally serve for fastening the belt retractor 1, for example in a narrow installation space of a vehicle seat. In the belt retractor 1, a belt reel 4 with a force limiting device 8; an electric motor 5; a gearing mechanism 6; and an irreversible pyrotechnic tightening device 24 are provided as basic assemblies.

[0027] The belt reel 4 is mounted rotatably in a frame 7, which in turn is fastened to at least one of the housing halves 2 or 3 or is held in a clamped manner between the housing halves 2 and 3, and is thereby supported on the latter in a rotationally fixed manner.

[0028] In FIG. 2, the belt retractor in the assembled state is visible in a sectional presentation. The belt reel 4 is formed in two parts, with a belt reel body 9 and a profile head 10 which can be blocked in a vehicle-fixed manner via a first blocking device 18. The belt reel body 9 serves for winding a safety belt (not shown), whereas the profile head 10 serves to block the belt reel 4 and, for this purpose, can be blocked in a vehicle-fixed manner via the first blocking device 18 and an associated sensor device when a specified belt pull-out acceleration or vehicle deceleration is exceeded. The belt reel body 9 and the profile head 10 are rotationally fixed to one another via a force limiting device 8, and thus form the belt reel 4 in a rotationally fixed connection up until the activation of the force limiting device 8. The side of the profile head 10 thereby forms the mechanical side of the belt reel 4.

[0029] Also visible on the right side of the belt retractor 1 is the electric motor 5, which is supported in a rotationally fixed manner on one or both housing halves 2 and 3. The drive shaft leading out of the electric motor 5 is rotationally fixed to an output gear of the gearing mechanism 6. A transfer rod 13 is also provided which is rotationally fixed with a first end 14 to the profile head 10, and is rotationally fixed with a second end 15 to an output gear of the gearing mechanism 6. The belt reel body 9, the force limiting device 8, the profile head 10, the transfer rod 13, the gearing mechanism 6, and finally the electric motor 5 are arranged in series with one another and coaxial to the rotational axis of the belt reel 4, in a narrow elongate arrangement with respect to one another. Furthermore, the force limiting device 8 is formed by two torsion rods 11 and 12 arranged in series, which have different plastic deformation limits and can, for example, be switched by a switching device as described in DE 199 28 427 C2. The force limiting device 8 extends the belt reel body 9 with the coaxial series arrangement of the torsion bars 11 and 12 up until the profile head 10, to form an elongate narrow belt reel 4.

[0030] The first blocking device 18 comprises a first blocking pawl pivotably mounted on the profile head 10, and a first control disc 16 with a control contour on which the first blocking pawl rests with a control pin. The gearing mechanism 6 comprises a second blocking device 19 with a pivotably mounted second blocking pawl, and a second control disc 17 with a control contour on which the second blocking pawl rests with a control pin.

[0031] To activate the first blocking device 18, the first control disc 16 is stopped relative to the belt reel 4 or relative to the profile head 10, and the first blocking pawl on the profile head 10 is thereupon forced, in a position control movement, into a toothing of the belt retractor 1, said toothing being fixed to the vehicle, whereby the profile head 10 and—given a non-activated force limiting device 8—also the belt reel body 9 are in turn blocked against a further rotation in the pull-out direction of the safety belt wound on the belt reel body 9. In order to stop the first control disc 16, a sensor device in the form of a spring-loaded inertial mass pivotably mounted on the first control disc 16 can be provided, which inertial mass is deflected against the spring force when a specified pull-out acceleration is exceeded and is thereby driven into a toothing fixed to the vehicle, and the first control disc 16 is subsequently held against the belt reel 4 and triggers the blocking movement of the first blocking pawl. A sensor device that is sensitive to the vehicle can also be provided with a blocking lever which is deflected when a specified vehicle deceleration is exceeded and is thereby driven into a toothing of the first control disc 16 and stops the latter in order to trigger the blocking movement of the first blocking pawl with respect to the belt reel 4. The second blocking device 19 is thereby activated in that the second control disc 17 is stopped relative to the gearing mechanism 6, and thereby forces the blocking movement of the second blocking pawl and the shifting of the gearing mechanism 6. Insofar as an electrically controllable sensor device, for example with a blocking lever which can be deflected via an electromagnet, is provided for the vehicle deceleration-sensitive blocking of the first blocking device 16, this electrically controllable sensor device can also be used to block and control the second blocking device 19 in that by the blocking lever is then also used to block the second control disc 17. The first and second control discs 16 and 17 are then blocked via a common blocking lever, whereby the compact design of the belt retractor 1 is further improved since the second blocking device 19 does not require a separate control. The second blocking device 19 serves here for the shifting of the gearing mechanism 6, wherein the gearing mechanism 6 is driven as an assembly when the second blocking device 19 is not activated, without a translation of the drive speed of the electric motor 5 taking place. When the second blocking device 19 is activated, the gearing mechanism 6 is shifted in that the housing of the gearing mechanism 6 or another part of the gearing mechanism 6 is blocked in a vehicle-fixed manner, and the rotational movement of the electric motor can be transmitted to the transfer rod 13, and further onto the belt reel 4, only with activation of the gearing mechanism 6 and a rotational movement of the gearwheels of the gearing mechanism 6 with respect to one another with a corresponding transmission ratio of, for example, 1:36 or 1:80.

[0032] Due to its rotationally fixed ends 14 and 15, the transfer rod 13 forms a rotationally fixed connection of the belt reel 4 to the output gear of the gearing mechanism 6. It thereby extends axially from the mechanical side of the belt reel 4—thus from the profile head 10—through the plane in which the first blocking device 18 is arranged with its first control disc 16, and through the second control disc 17 of the second blocking device 19, up to the gearing mechanism 6. The first control disc 16 and the second control disc 17 are thereby preferably mounted on the transfer rod 13 about a respective a central opening and arranged parallel to one another. The transfer rod 13 thus enables a compact structure of the belt retractor 1 with the two blocking devices 18 and 19 in an elongate, narrow design.

[0033] The transfer rod 13 transmits the driving rotational movement of the electric motor 5 to the belt reel 4 in the first force transmission path when the gearing mechanism 6 is driven as an assembly in the transmission ratio of 1:1. When the second blocking device 19 is activated, the transfer rod 13 then transmits the rotational movement already translated in the gearing mechanism 6, in the transmission ratio of 1:36 or 1:80, to the belt reel 4. The transfer rod 13 thereby enables the transfer of the rotational movement from the gearing mechanism 6, via the first blocking device 18 and the second blocking device 19, to the belt reel 4 in a compact design. In other words, an intermediate space for the arrangement of the first and second blocking devices 18 and 19 is achieved by the transfer rod 13, in particular with its control discs 16 and 17. In any event, the transfer rod 13 and the two control discs 16 and 17 supplement one another to form a compact design with an optimized utilization of the installation space in the housing of the belt retractor 1. The two control discs 16 and 17 are thereby preferably arranged parallel to one another and arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the transfer rod 13, in such a manner that a compact design results. Moreover, the two control discs 16 and 17 can thereby additionally be mounted axially on the transfer rod 13 on an axial bearing arranged between them.

[0034] The transfer rod 13 preferably has a lower plastic deformation limit than the force limiting level defined by the force limiting device 8, in such a manner that the force limiting device 8 firstly is not unintentionally activated during the tightening of the safety belt, or during the execution of a comfort function, and is in practice still in its initial state at the beginning of its activation. Secondly, the driving rotational movement of the electric motor 5 is not thereby unintentionally reduced by a possible activation of the force limiting device, thus the tightening power is not reduced, for example. In the present instance, the use of torsion bars 11 and 12 means that the plastic deformation limit of the transfer rod 13 is deliberately lower than the plastic deformation limits of the torsion bars 11 and 12. This can be realized, for example, in that the transfer rod 13 is made of plastic with a correspondingly lower strengthening than the torsion bars 11 and 12 made from steel. Moreover, plastic is a material which is very favorable and is to be processed in a large-scale production, for example in an injection molding process, and nevertheless has sufficient strength for the transmission of the tightening power and of the rotational movement of the comfort function. Since the transfer rod 13 is connected with its first end 14 to the profile head 10, it is automatically coupled out of the force flow when the first blocking device 18 is activated, and is thereby no longer subsequently loaded. The transfer rod 13 is thereby formed at its second end 15 to form a profiled section, for example in the form of a toothing, with which it is rotationally fixed in a form-fitting receptacle of the output gear of the gearing mechanism 6. Depending on the distance to be bridged between the profile head 10 or the belt reel 4 and the gearing mechanism 6, a transfer rod 13 of corresponding length can then be used without the gearing mechanism 6, and in particular its output gear, and the belt reel 4 or the profile head 10 needing to be structurally adapted.