Abstract
Methods and systems for providing WAN, LAN and power to allocated spaces such as offices, apartments, condominiums, or dormitories comprises a plurality of fiber taps configured to interface with optical fiber communications incoming from an ISP and also to interface with a local supply of power. The combined communications and power are distributed to downstream equipment including customer premises equipment, including conversion of the ISP’s protocol into one or more protocols appropriate for interfacing with the downstream devices through the use of one or more specially-configured fiber gateways, plates and fiber media converters. Power line monitoring and management permits local and remote monitoring and control of each branch of the the local network, including detection of excessive power use or loss of power indicating an alarm or warning condition.
Claims
1. An optical distribution network for providing internet access within a structure having multiple spaces comprising an interface configured to interface with an optical fiber internet connection from a service provider, at least one local optical fiber line distributed to at least some of the spaces within the structure, at least one local power line distributed jointly with the local optical fiber line to at least some of the spaces within the structure, a plurality of network branches connected to the local optical fiber line and the local power line by means of taps, at least one tap associated with each branch, at least one gateway configured to monitor and manage the distribution of power on the at least one local power line to each of the branches, and a fiber media converter connected to the at least one local optical fiber line and the at least one local power line downstream of the gateway for providing to downstream devices communications in the protocol required by those devices.
2. A method of providing internet access within a structure allocated into multiple independent spaces comprising the steps of Interfacing with an optical fiber internet connection provided by a service provider, supplying at least one local power line, receiving at a gateway power from the at least one local power line and communications from the optical fiber provided by the service provider, transforming the communications received from the service provider into a protocol usable by local downstream equipment, distributing from the gateway to a plurality of network branches at least one of WAN and LAN signals together with power configured to enable operation of at least some customer premises equipment, and separately monitoring power consumption on each of the network branches.
3. A system for monitoring power usage within a local optical distribution network comprising a local optical network having a plurality of branches of optical fiber, at least some of which are configured to provide internet communications to customer premises equipment, at least one gateway configured to receive power from a source and to distribute power to downstream portions of the local optical network, a local power line configured to receive power from the at least one gateway and to be distributed across at least some of the plurality of branches adjacent to the optical fiber for enabling operation of at least some customer premises equipment, at least one optical tap per network branch configured to receive power from the local power line and optical communications via the optical fiber, at least one fiber media converter configured to receive power from an associated optical tap and to provide power to at least some downstream customer premises equipment, wherein the gateway is configured as a master device and sensors in one or more of the at least one optical tap and the at least one fiber media converter are configured as slave devices for monitoring power usage in at least some of the plurality of branches.
4. The system of claim 1 wherein the interface connects to any of a demarcation point, a network boundary, or a service node interface.
5. The system of claim 1 wherein the gateway comprises power monitoring logic configured as a master and at least some of the at least one optical tap and the at least one fiber media converter are configured as power monitoring slaves for monitoring power consumption on each of the plurality of branches.
6. The system of claim 1 wherein the master-slave relationship is configured with one of a group comprising CANbus, Power over Data Line, and Single Pair Ethernet.
7. The system of claim 1 wherein the gateway further comprising logic for enabling or disabling power to one or more selected branches of the network.
8. The system of claim 1 wherein the gateway, optical tap and fiber media converter operate together to provide a locally secure network.
9. The system of claim 1 wherein the power monitoring and management functions of the gateway are monitored and managed remotely.
10. The system of claim 1 wherein the gateway transforms the format of communications received from an ISP into the format required for at least some customers premises equipment.
11. The system of claim 1 wherein the gateway transforms the format of communications received from an ISP into at least one of a group comprising EPON, GPON, XGS-PON, NG-PON, Copper LAN, LAN, and USB.
12. The system of claim 1 wherein the monitoring and management of power distribution is implemented using one of a group of protocols comprising CANbus, Power over Data Line, and Power-over-Ethernet.
13. The system of claim 1 wherein a series of taps are daisy-chained.
14. The system of claim 1 wherein only one gateway is used per structure.
15. The system of claim 1 wherein a structure is divided into a plurality of independent spaces and at least a plurality of such independent spaces has associated therewith a gateway and at least one tap.
16. The system of claim 4 wherein a plurality of demarcation points is provisioned within a single structure.
17. The system of claim 16 wherein each of the plurality of demarcation points is associated with one of the at least one gateways.
18. The system of claim 17 wherein each of the at least one gateways provides secure internet services to an associated space.
19. The system of claim 18 wherein the associated space is one of group comprising a condominium, an office, an apartment, a home, a room within a home, a dormitory, and a room within a dormitory.
20. The system of claim 1 where the local power line and the local optical fiber line are distributed within an associated structure through a microconduit.
Description
THE FIGURES
[0025] FIG. 1 [Prior Art] shows a conventional optical distribution network (ODN).
[0026] FIG. 2 illustrates schematically an ODN in accordance with an aspect of the present invention suitable for deployment in a home.
[0027] FIG. 3 illustrates schematically an ODN in accordance with the present invention suitable for deployment in a high rise condominium.
[0028] FIG. 4 illustrates schematically an ODN in accordance with an aspect of the present invention suitable for deployment in an existing multiple dwelling building such as an apartment building or dormitory.
[0029] FIG. 5 illustrates schematically an ODN in accordance with an aspect of the present invention suitable for deployment in a newly constructed multiple dwelling building.
[0030] FIG. 6 illustrates schematically an ODN in accordance with an aspect of the present invention suitable for deployment in an office.
[0031] FIG. 7 illustrates in greater detail an ODN in accordance with an aspect of the present invention.
[0032] FIG. 8 illustrates in block diagram form an embodiment of a gateway in accordance with an aspect of the present invention.
[0033] FIG. 9 illustrates in block diagram form a fiber media converter, or FMC, in accordance with an embodiment of an aspect of the invention.
[0034] FIG. 10 illustrates in block diagram form an embodiment of the power management logic portion of a tap in accordance with an aspect of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0035] The present invention comprises, in one aspect, a network topology for distribution of fiber optics and power across a variety of dwellings, including homes, condominiums, multiple dwelling units such as apartment buildings, dormitories and the like, and offices. In an embodiment, the local ODN comprises a novel fiber gateway 225 working in combination with a plurality of fiber media converters together with appropriate fiber taps and associating connecting plates where either a gateway or a fiber media converter can be attached to the plates. A related aspect of the present invention comprises power line monitoring using, in an embodiment, a CAN bus protocol or similar, such as Power over Data Line (PoDL) or Single Pair Ethernet, to ensure that power supplied by the system of the invention to connected consumer devices is on and within the limits of the network’s power budget. These and other features and aspects of the invention can be better appreciated from the following detailed description, taken in combination with the appended Figures.
[0036] Referring first to FIG. 2, in an embodiment an ISP supplies to a single family dwelling or home 200 fiber optic cable 205 suitable for transmitting data and command signals to and from the remainder of the local network, including connecting to at least taps 215A-215C (described generally as 215 and in more detail hereinafter in connection with FIG. 10), plates 220 and gateway 225 (described hereinafter in connection with FIG. 8). Similarly, power is supplied via lines 210 to the taps 215, plates 220, gateway 225, and fiber media converters, or “FMC’s” 230 (described hereinafter in connection with FIG. 9). In at least some embodiments, the plates 220 are configured to allow either a gateway 225 or an FMC 230 to connect, either directly or through appropriate cable connections. In most embodiments for a home deployment, only one gateway 225 is needed. The gateway 225 comprises in part a plurality of I/O ports, one or more for copper conductors such as Ethernet, and two or more for fiber where the ISP Fiber 205 connects to the system through one fiber I/O port, and another fiber I/O port connects via fiber cable 205A to the downstream devices. Depending upon the specific embodiment, the fiber cable 205A can supply any of 10 Gbps, 25 Gbps, or higher data rates.
[0037] In part, the gateway 225 functions as a conventional fiber gateway in that it reformats incoming fiber signals into whatever protocol the downstream devices need. In an embodiment, the incoming ISP fiber 205 uses a WAN format, whereas the downstream devices may need a LAN format. The gateway 225 may also serve as a pass-through of the WAN signal to the downstream taps 215. Further, in an embodiment, the gateway 225 includes power monitoring and management functions, including monitoring the power line status of the downstream taps 215 and FMC’s 230. In an embodiment, the monitoring includes both confirmation that power is being supplied to the downstream devices, but also what the power drain is for each branch of the downstream network to ensure that no branch exceeds a threshold maximum. In the event the power drain of any branch or single devices exceeds a permissible power consumption threshold, a warning or alarm can be generated at a dashboard or other user interface, or can be transmitted to a supervisory system. The power monitoring and management functions can be implemented in some embodiments using a CAN bus protocol, in others using a Power over Data Line (PoDL) approach, and in still others using a Power-over-Ethernet (POE, POE+ or POE++/UPOE) approach.
[0038] Still referring to FIG. 2, the legend at the bottom of FIG. 2 applies to the cables shown in all of FIGS. 2 through 6. The cables in each case are typically distributed through a microconduit run through the walls or a wiring closet although the particular mode of distribution is not critical as long as the connections and data rates are preserved. Thus, for the example of FIG. 2, a room on a lower floor includes a tap 215A that receives the ISP cable 205 and power 210 and feeds not only the gateway 225 via the plate 220 on that floor but also feeds downstream taps 215B, 215C, etc. where the maximum number of taps is determined at least in part by the size of the space, the available power from upstream and the power drain downstream. The tap comprises in part a conventional fiber optic tap, but further includes power monitoring and management logic to permit that tap to communicate its power status and, if desired, the power status of all downstream devices including FMC’s or customer premises equipment to the gateway 225 and execute any commands received via the gateway. This permits a plate 220 to be installed, for example, on a downstairs wall, where an FMC 230 can be mounted in order to provide data connection to a TV, security camera, fire or carbon monoxide alarm, an Ethernet switch, or any other suitable customer device. Further, the FMC can supply power to such customer devices, as appropriate for the device, thus removing the need either to rely on batteries or to have a conventional wall plug near the device. For example, the wireless access point 235 may be suitable to receive power solely from the FMC. While the power cable 210 is shown explicitly at the connection to access point 235, in many embodiments the patch cable with be configured for a version of Power over Ethernet, single pair Ethernet, or Power over Data Lines. It will be noted that, while the both WAN and LAN fiber cables reach each plate, only the LAN fiber cable connects to the FMC.
[0039] Similarly, in an exemplary embodiment, the cables 205, 205A and 210 connect to tap 215B which supports in an upstairs room a plate 220, FMC 230, and a personal computer 255 connected to the FMC by any convenient means, such as a patch cord 205B. As will be seen from the discussion of FIG. 9, below, the connection from the FMC 230 to the PC 255 can be any convenient form such as fiber, Ethernet, or other copper wire data cable. Along the same line, the tap 215B also feeds a wall-mounted plate in the upstairs room, to which is connected an FMC and a wireless access point 235 via a patch cable 265 or other convenient connection. Still further, the tap 215B feeds fiber data cables and power to tap 215C, which in turn splits the signal to two plates, one toward the floor and another higher up on the wall or, alternatively, in the attic. An FMC connected to the attic plate 220 can be connected by a patch cable 265 to a tuner tenna to permit capture of over-the-air signals such as television programs or similar, and have them stored in the PC 255 for later viewing or other use. While only four apartments are shown in FIG. 2, that number is exemplary and not limiting. The actual number of apartments can be considerably greater where the practical limit is driven by the type of data cable, the available power, and how many devices are connected. The Tuner-tenna comprises an integrated directional ( flat or yagi) antenna and a fixed number of tuners (e.g., two to four) with enough storage to full time digitize those channels for up to a predetermined number of days.
[0040] Referring next to FIG. 3, an embodiment of a network configuration similar to FIG. 2 is shown, but in this instance for a condominium complex, again showing an exemplary four units 300A-300D where each unit requires its own gateway 225 and centrally located taps 215, placed for example in a wiring closet, supply ISP fiber and power to each of the four gateways 225. The gateways each supply LAN fiber signals to one or more plates and FMC’s, to which can be connected any desirable type of customer premises equipment. In some instances, where only one plate is needed, no additional tap 215 is deployed and the gateway 225 connects directly to the plate 220. In other instances, multiple taps 215 can be deployed, all daisy-chained similar to the arrangement in FIG. 2. As discussed with FIG. 2, depending upon the type of customer device connected to the FMC, the patch cable may provide sufficient power to support the customer device. In other instances, such as connections to a personal computer or television or the like, wall power may be used.
[0041] Referring next to FIGS. 4 and 5, embodiments of network configurations suitable either for retrofitting an existing multiple dwelling unit, such as a dormitory or the like, or for a newly constructed multiple dwelling unit. As with FIGS. 2 and 3, units 1A-4B are exemplary In these designs, it will be appreciated that no gateway is implemented, and ISP fiber 205 is supplied directly to each of taps 215, plates 220 and FMC’s 230 in all of the units. The FMC’s then support CPE such as access points 235 or other customer devices such as TV’s and personal computers. For embodiments where it is desirable either to capture or to stream over the air transmissions, tuner tenna 250 can be deployed.
[0042] Referring next to FIG. 6, a network configuration suitable for an office environment is shown, where a single gateway 225 is deployed at any plate, and supplies LAN fiber signals to downstream taps, plates, FMC’s and customer equipment such as PC’s 225, access points 235, cameras 260 and TV’s 265, among other devices including various loT sensors such as might be found in refrigerators, alarm systems, HVAC controllers, and so on. As will the plates 220 in FIGS. 2-5, if compatible with either the WAN ISP fiber 205 or the LAN fiber 205A, and also mechanically and electrically compatible with the plate connections, a customer device may be connected directly to the plates 220.
[0043] Referring next to FIG. 7, an exemplary network configuration can be better understood. Fiber 205, for example XGS-PON carrying 1260 nanometer and 1575 nanometer signals, connects to a gateway 225. In some embodiments, power supply 210 is provided to an uninterruptible power supply 755, which optionally supplies power to powered ingress logic 710. In an embodiment, both the UPS 755 and the ingress logic 710 comprise in part power monitoring and management logic, indicated as CAN bus 715, each configured as a slave device. In addition, power from the UPS 755 is also supplied to a power block with gateway 225, which also comprises CAN bus master 720. The fiber 205 is manipulated as shown in FIG. 8 and discussed there, and ultimately is configured by the gateway 225 to provide at its I/O ports a WAN signal 730, for example either XGS-PON or 25G-PON and in some embodiments simply a pass-through, and also a LAN fiber signal 735, for example 10G-EPON or 25G-PON. A LAN port 740, configured as either SFP+ or SFP28 depending upon the particular configuration, can also be implemented in some embodiments, along with a copper wire LAN port 745 that can support an Open WiFi Doppler device. Further, a conventional USB port can also be provided in some embodiments, permitting connection to customer devices such as VOI phones, personal computers, flash drives, or other USB compatible devices.
[0044] Cables from power block 725, WAN 730 and LAN 735 connect to each tap 215, and thence to one or more FMC’s 230. For simplicity of explanation, plates 220 are not shown in FIG. 7, and only one FMC is shown on each arm of taps 215, but it will be appreciated from the discussion of FIGS. 2-6 that multiple taps, plates and FMC’s can be implemented in a wide variety of configurations. In some embodiments, a limited number of taps, for example only eight, can be daisy chained, while other embodiments are not similarly limited. As with FIGS. 2-6, various customer devices can be deployed such as TV’s 265, either via patch cable or WiFi, as shown.
[0045] Next referring to FIG. 8, the internals of an embodiment of gateway 225 are shown in block diagram form. Power comes in at power block 800, typically either plus or minus 48 volts DC. In some embodiments, to remove any ripple that might still remain in the incoming DC signal, the output from power block 800 is passed through bridge rectifier 805 and regulator 810, after which it is supplied to both CAN bus logic 720 (FIG. 7) as well as CPU 850. Further, power from block 800 is supplied to buck/boost logic 815 and then at PSE (Power Sourcing Equipment) controller 820 is injected onto a twisted pair Ethernet cable in a Power over Ethernet configuration, which can be any suitable version of POE, or in other embodiments can be SPE or PoDL. The output of PSE Controller 820 is supplied to a twisted pair Ethernet port 825, or similar.
[0046] The CPU 850 communicates with CAN bus logic 720, which can, for example, be a Yamar DS-DCCAN500 together with appropriate supporting logic, for example transceivers, UARTs and the like. The logic 720 is, in at least some embodiments, configured as a master device, and the CPU causes the logic 720 to poll the slave CAN bus logic in each the taps 215 and FMC’s 230, as well as other ancillary logic, e.g. 755 and 710 (FIG. 7) to confirm that each such device remains powered up, where each device has a unique identifier associated therewith. Alternatively, the Master logic 720 can await periodic “I’m alive” messages from the slave devices. In an embodiment, the CPU 850 also also manages a WiFi chip 860 and USB port 885, to which a VOI phone 890 or similar USB compatible device can be connected. In an embodiment, the CPU also requests via the Master logic 720 the power usage detected by each CAN bus-enabled device on the network. That data is then compared to threshold power diet values appropriate to the particular implementation of the network. In the event that either a slave device fails to respond to a poll, or fails to transmit an “I’m alive” message within the allotted time window, or in the event that a device reports that the power drain in a monitored device or the arm of a network exceeds a pre-determined threshold based on safety considerations, a warning, alarm, or other signal is generated. The alarm or similar signal can be displayed on a dashboard for action by a user, or can be configured to trigger an automatic shutdown of one of more devices, or an entire arm of the network, or any other portion of the network, in some instances after performing multiple checks.
[0047] Still further, the CPU manages the physical network layer, or PHY 855, which receives signals from the ISP fiber 205 via SFP+ or QSFP+ port 870 and distributes it to copper wire Ethernet port 825 as well as one or more SFP+/SFP28 ports 875, 880. The port 825 provides POE power and data signals, whereas ports 875 and 880 supply LAN fiber signals to either to an FMC 230 or to compatible customer devices.
[0048] Referring next to FIG. 9, the internals of an embodiment of the Fiber Media Converter 230 can be better appreciated. As with the gateway 225 shown in FIG. 8, FMC 230 can be configured for 10G, 25G, or higher data rates. Also as with gateway 225, any slight remaining ripple is removed from incoming power 900 by means of bridge is provided to a bridge rectifier 905 and regulator 905, with monitoring and management by slave CAN bus logic 915. Power block 900 also supplies power to BuckBoost logic 920 and PSE controller 925 to inject power onto a copper wire LAN connector 930. An MCU 935 manages power monitoring of itself and any connected devices by its communications and control of slave CAN bus logic 915.
[0049] Further, the MCU 935 also manages the physical layer, or PHY 940, which communicates via I/O port 970 the upstream signals from the gateway 225 in some embodiments, and directly from the ISP fiber in some embodiments. The MCU also manages the PHY 940 to provide downstream copper wire Ethernet communications via I/O port 930 and downstream fiber LAN communications via I/O port 975. I/O ports can, in an embodiment, each be configured as either SFP+ or SFP28 ports, depending upon the data rates being transmitted.
[0050] Referring next to FIG. 10, an embodiment of the power monitoring and management aspects of the taps 215 can be better appreciated. As with the FMC of FIG. 9, blocks 900, 905, 910 and 915 operate to remove ripple and provide a slave CAN bus or similar power line monitoring capability. Further, power from regulator 910 is supplied to microcontroller/MCU 935 and to power management logic 1010. The power management logic is configured to distribute power to each of multiple power output blocks 1015A, 1015B and 1015C. These provide power to the separate arms of the network connected to a specific tap (see FIG. 2, for example) to power customer devices that are compatible with the power available via the taps and FMC’s, where each arm can be separately monitored for power quality and power drain. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the discussion of the CAN bus functionality herein is exemplary and not limited, and numerous power monitoring and management alternatives can be used instead or in combination.
[0051] From the foregoing it can be appreciated that a new and novel gateway, fiber media converter and open fiber network configuration have been disclosed together numerous alternatives and equivalents. It will also be understood by those skilled in the art that numerous other alternatives and equivalents also exist which do not depart from the invention. As a result, the invention is not to be limited by the foregoing description but only by the appended claims.
