Abstract
The invention constitutes a device in which flat artwork, like drawings, woodblock prints, photos and posters can be mounted, having the properties that the artwork easily can be circulated from archives into and out of the device without being damaged by mounting. It is, basically, a frame with a back support in the form of a board that can be opened and closed like a door whereby the artwork is mounted by pressure from this board without using tape, photo corners or glue or any other potentially harmful methods.
Claims
1. A device for mounting and displaying flat pieces of art having the properties that one piece of art easily and reversibly can be mounted in and taken out of the device without being physically damaged, said device being composed of 1) a rectangular or square-shaped frame, 2) a transparent surface attached in the frame beneath which surface the piece of art is placed and can be viewed when mounted and 3) a rear board equipped with a hinge that enables the board to be opened like a door enabling mounting and removing the piece of art and 4) said device being equipped with furrows in its frame into which supplementary parts can be reversibly inserted for the purpose of causing the board to press onto the transparent surface so that the exerted pressure keeps the piece of art in place even when the device is hung vertically on a wall, one of these supplementary parts being a piece that is rotated into position, while being rotated forming an arc which increasingly exerts spring-like pressure onto said rear board from two opposing sides of the frame and 5) the said device as such with its supplementary parts having been reversibly inserted beneath the board and included in the device so that, in being reversibly put in place, the supplementary parts do not prevent the easy access to the area between the transparent surface and the board where a mounted piece of art easily can be exchanged for another piece of art having a similar size.
2. A device according to claim 1 wherein the frame is made of wood, the transparent surface is a rectangular piece of flat polycarbonate, the board is a rectangular piece of masonite onto which an iron rod has been glued at one edge for the purpose of serving as a hinge and the supplementary piece forming an arc is made of sheet brass cut with rounded corners such that it can be rotated into position.
3. A device according to claim 1 which includes a hinge function in the wide sense that its rear board can be flipped open towards one or any of the device's four sides such as to expose the space between the rear board and said transparent surface where the artwork can be positioned and subsequently held in place by the pressure exerted on the rear board by the piece forming an arc.
4. A device according to claim 6 which has an outer rectangular measure of 59 cm×46 cm which defines the outer measures of the frame proper and an inner rectangular measure in the frame proper of 52 cm×40.5 cm where furrows are placed, this device being 5.3 cm thick perpendicular to the surface of the piece of art mounted.
5. A device according to claim 6 which has an outer rectangular measure of 48 cm×36 cm which defines the measures of the frame proper and an inner rectangular measure in the frame proper of 42 cm×30 cm where furrows are placed, this device being 4.6 cm thick perpendicular to the surface of the piece of art mounted.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING
[0028] FIG. 1. A schematic illustration of a cross section transverse to the extension of the parts that will form the frame into which will be mounted the pieces of art for which the invention is intended. The oblique fuzzy lines represent the cross section, solid lines represent the contours of the object and dashed lines indicate extensions of length measures. The letters indicate locations of various functions described below and in the main text of this document. Four such pieces as illustrated in the drawing will be put together to form a rectangular or square-shaped frame with the left side in the drawing facing inwards towards the mounted piece of art and the upside and right side in the drawing representing the frame that will be seen by people viewing the piece of art. The various protrusions and furrows in the drawing are not to scale with each other offering the joiner great flexibility in implementing the invention. The gross scale is roughly such that the distance ‘A’ is approximately 3-4 cm in most cases but when applied to very large pieces of art such as posters this distance will be longer, hence the frame will be thicker. The letters in the drawing refer to the following: ‘A’ and ‘I’ indicate the parts of the frame that will be seen and these sides can be designed artistically with great freedom by the joiner just like in the case of traditional frames. Part 1 described in the main text of this document, the transparent glass, Plexiglass, polycarbonate or other kind of polymer surface, that is, is placed at the level represented by the letter ‘D’ and glued from below onto the protrusion ‘B’-‘C’. The distance ‘B’ can be chosen by the designer but it must be sufficiently long that it hides, when viewed from the front (=upside in the drawing), the holes into which the hinge of Part 2, also described in the main text, is inserted. These holes are drilled from the left in the drawing at the level ‘E’ near the ends of two opposing parts of the frame and at these locations where the holes are drilled there must not be any furrow ‘F’. Elsewhere around the inside of the rectangular frame the furrow ‘F’ serves the purpose of anchoring the pieces of wedge illustrated in the upper left part of FIG. 2. These wedges, when inserted, push the edges of Part 2 against Part 1 and it is obvious that in order to do so, Part 2, when mounted, must partly overlap onto and above the furrow ‘F’. Thus, Part 2 is thicker than the distance ‘E’. The furrow ‘G’ serves two purposes. One purpose, described in the text, is to support the springy metal arc that pushes the center of Part 2 against the center of Part 1. The other purpose is to harbor nails or screws from which the frame with its mounted piece of art can be hung on a wall. Two times two such nails or screws are needed in order to let the user choose between portrait or landscape type mounting. These nails or screws can be attached parallel to the arrows above and below the letter ‘G’ preferably in the middle of the furrow ‘G’ and running through the furrow in its entirety parallel to the arrows ‘G’. By hiding the nails in the furrow they do not obstruct Part 2 from rotating on its hinge. As for the location of these nails or screws along the frame extending from the hinge of Part 2 it is preferable to insert them on the far side from the hinge. A chain, a wire or a string with hooks at its two ends to be attached to these nails can be supplied with the invention in order to let the user hang the frame with its mounted piece of art on a wall. The furrow ‘G’ may be made deeper than what it appears to be in the drawing in order to accomplish this. Even though wood is the natural choice for the frame it can of course also be made using some other material that preserves these just described functions.
[0029] FIG. 2. Schematic illustration of some parts that perform the function of pressing Part 2 against Part 1 in the assembled main device. To the upper left is illustrated the wedge that is pressed into the furrow ‘F’ in FIG. 1. Several such pieces of wedge can be used. To the upper right is illustrated another item that may perform the same function as the wedge but intended to rest in the furrow ‘G’ instead of ‘F’. The top of this device is rounded and made to snap into yet another very shallow furrow located on the rough side of the masonite board (Part 2) along its edge towards the frame. This item is oriented in the drawing such that it is inserted from the left into the furrow ‘G’ of the cross section of the frame illustrated in FIG. 1. In the lower half of the drawing is illustrated schematically a piece of sheet metal to be strained into an arc resting in two opposing furrows ‘G’ such as to exert pressure on the center of Part 2. This sheet metal is cut such that it can be approached to the furrows from an oblique orientation and then rotated parallel to the board-Part 2 until it forms an arc that exerts pressure on Part 2. The rounded shape of the two corners as shown is necessary for inserting the metal as described. The length of this piece of metal must be adjusted rather well to the exact distance between the bottoms of the two opposing furrows ‘G’ also taking into account the exact distance from the level ‘G’-‘H’ to the level ‘E’-‘F’. These measures define the length of a segment of an arc of a circle and the metal must be somewhat longer than this. For serial production of the invention in some definite size the length of the metal can easily be determined once and for all by trial and error such that it performs its function described above and then mass-produced with the empirically determined measures. The metal sheet is typically 1 mm thick or slightly thicker.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0030] In the invention, the object of conveniently circulating pieces of art out of and into a frame without damaging them is achieved using a device composed of three major parts that are joined together permanently and several supplementary parts that perform specific functions when applied to the main device composed of the three major parts.
[0031] The three major parts are as follows:
[0032] 1) Part 1 is a light-transparent rectangular board that can be made of glass, Plexiglass (Reg.) or polycarbonate. This board is typically around 5 mm thick, around 49 cm long, and 36 cm wide (in Example 1; Example 2: 46.3 cm×32.5 cm) but especially its length and width can vary considerably depending on the size of the objects of art that will be framed. An advantage of using polycarbonate is that it protects to some degree against ultraviolet radiation, which may have the harmful effect of causing bleaching of valuable artwork. A disadvantage of polycarbonate, however, is that it is rather soft so that it easily is scratched. Polycarbonate and plexiglass have the advantage relative to glass that they are not easily broken by impacts. Other materials and polymers can also possibly be used for this Part 1 of the invention and the manufacturer can easily determine which material will be best suited for the purposes considered. Part 1 of the invention must be transparent to light. As described in the text to FIG. 1, part 1 is glued into the frame at the level indicated by a letter ‘D’.
[0033] 2) Part 2 of the invention is also a board, typically around 5 mm thick with slightly shorter length and width than Part 1. Its length and width should be such that it fits closely into the frame built from Part 3 (see paragraph labeled 3 below) with enough, but as little as possible play against the frame to allow the rotation of Part 2 on its axis as described below. This board, Part 2, should have some springiness so that it can be pressed from underneath onto Part 1. Along one edge of Part 2 is attached a rod that serves as a hinge so that Part 2 can be turned on the axis constituted by this rod in order to get access to Part 1 from beneath. On the surface of the board, facing Part 1, is attached a porous paper which, by its porosity offering friction, serves the purpose of preventing the piece of art from slipping downwards when mounted in the frame and hung on a wall. Other materials can also be used for this, a very thin white horticultural fleece made of polymer can be mentioned as an example. Several materials are possible to use for the core of the board. As a concrete example herein, masonite (Reg.) having thickness of 3 mm was used and the hinge was made by gluing an iron rod of 5 mm diameter onto one edge of the masonite board such that the glossy surface of the masonite and the circumference of the rod were even-leveled. The rod protruded on both sides of the board by 7 mm such that it could be inserted into holes in two perpendicularly oriented parts of the frame (see below) thus forming a hinge. It is preferable to attach the rod to the shorter edge of the board, along its width. Two-component Epoxy glue readily available commercially was used for this. There are more than one quality of masonite available on the market and the quality that is comparatively resistant towards moisture is recommended for use in the invention. However, the invention is not limited to use of a masonite board and an iron rod. Many other materials are conceivable such as some plastics or even very stiff cardboard, as long as some kind of hinge can be built into or attached to one edge of the board.
[0034] Care should be take that chemicals with potentially harmful effects on the artwork to be mounted are not used. In the case of masonite for example it may contain acid, known to cause paper to turn yellowish-brown after long exposures. Such materials may be covered with more compatible coatings, e.g. varnish before being used in the invention. A prerequisite for a good choice of material is that the board is ‘springy’ (in the sense that when bent it stores potential mechanical energy) so that it can be pressed from underneath against Part 1. An advantage of masonite in this respect is that it is inherently somewhat convex, its glossy surface bending out. There should be porous paper or other similar porous material attached to this surface of Part 2 facing Part 1. This porous paper may serve as a background for the artwork to be mounted in the frame besides its function in the invention to increase the friction so that the artwork is prevented from slipping downwards due to gravity. Besides the paper attached permanently onto the surface of Part 2 additional loose sheets of paper of the same length and width as Part 2 can be distributed with the invention in order to optionally increase the pressure exerted from Part 2 onto Part 1 in the event that the original coating turns glossy and flat with extended use. The pressure can also be increased by placing a ‘passe-partout’ (French lang., cf. ‘matte’) above the artwork. This diminishes the artwork's contact with the transparent material (Part 1) above it, especially if the passe-partout is thick, say, in the range of 1-2 mm. The pressure on the artwork will then decrease except at its margins, which may be considered an advantage in the case of valuable pieces of art. Whereas glass is inert and has been used for a long time in artwork frames the long-term effect of some new polymers and their low molecular weight residues is not known and may be considered risky for use with valuable artwork. The user may prefer to protect the pieces of art additionally, for example by inserting them into mylar sleeves before mounting in the invention. If so, the mylar can be folded onto the back of Part 2 and attached with tape.
[0035] 3) Part 3 is typically made of a strip of wood such as abundantly available in the joinery profession. A general outline of Part 3 is shown as a cross section in FIG. 1. Here the strip of wood is depicted as one single piece but it may also be put together (glued, nailed or screwed) using several strips of wood such that the object of the invention is achieved. In FIG. 1, the various protrusions, indentations, and distances (marked by letters) are not intended to be on scale so that anyone skilled in the art can decide which measures are best suitable for the purposes considered by each one manufacturing the invention. Especially the protrusion marked with the letter ‘C’, beneath which Part 1 is glued, can be longer. FIG. 1 not being on a uniform scale allows a great freedom to design the frame. The approximate scale of FIG. 1 is such that the length ‘A’ and the side ‘I’ are around 3 cm in most cases. However the size of the artwork to be framed influences which scale is most appropriate and a large piece of artwork would require greater measures of the cross sectioned area in order for the invention to work. The left side of the cross section is intended to face inward towards the center of the assembled frame so that the frame is put together by four such pieces sawed out of the long strip(s) of wood the cross section of which is shown in the drawing. The four pieces of wood thus forming two lengths and two widths can be sawed at an angle of 45 degrees facing inward (left in the drawing) so that they easily can be joined. This is appropriate especially when the strip is made out of one single piece of wood and its furrows and protrusions are manufactured with machinery.
[0036] However, it is also possible to make the frame manually out of several pieces of wood. If so, the pieces chosen determine the most convenient way to assemble Part 1, Part 2, and Part 3 into a permanent structure.
[0037] Example 1: One method is to start with a piece of wood with a cross-section of plainly 2.5 cm×2.5 cm not having any detailed profile features, saw at right angles, then drill holes for the hinges in the longer pieces of wood, then glue Part 1 onto the two short pieces of wood and one of the longer pieces of wood and after the glue has dried insert the hinge-rod of Part 2 into the holes of the longer pieces and glue the still loose long piece of wood to the rest of the frame so that Part 2 remains permanently attached between the two long pieces of the frame. Two-component Epoxy glue is suitable for this. Glue especially intended for wood is also available commercially. Subsequently, one can glue one strip of wood with angular-shaped cross section (shaped like a very wide (90 degrees) letter ‘V’) such that it envelopes the glass—Plexiglass—polycarbonate—Part 1 and the part of the frame facing outwards. Such strips of wood are readily available commercially. The various furrows facing inwards (FIG. 1) can then be made by gluing additional strips of wood and/or by drilling or using a chisel. The furrow marked with the letter ‘G’ in FIG. 1 must be continuous (spanning some length of the strip of wood) in order for the invention to function, it can not be just a drilled hole. The reason for this is that the sheet metal described in FIG. 2 is inserted by rotation tangentially along the furrow ‘G’.
[0038] Example 2: Another way of manufacturing the invention manually which demonstrates the above claimed freedom to choose the exact measures of the invention is the following, adapted closely from the implementation described in the previous paragraph: In this example the transparent planar Part 1 is 32.5 cm×46.3 cm. On one side of this transparent surface, smoothly leveled along its two short edges are first glued two 30 cm long pieces of wood with a cross section of 6 mm×10 mm the latter measure facing the transparent surface, leaving voids symmetrically towards the surface's long edges. The kind of glue used depends on the material of which Part 1 has been made and every kind of material to be used in the invention manufactured in this manner should be compatible with some kind of glue. Furthermore most glues are compatible with wood. Now, with reference to FIG. 1 the transparent surface corresponds to the distance ‘D’ whereas the pieces of wood just laid form the distances ‘E’ and ‘F’. Subsequently, 30 cm long pieces of wood with a rectangular cross-section of 2.1 cm×1.5 cm, are sawn at right angles and glued symmetrically onto the previously laid pieces of wood such that one each of their 1.5 cm surfaces becomes smoothly leveled with the previously mounted wood and with a short edge of the planar transparent surface. Then two 46.3 cm long pieces of wood are sawn at right angles from the wood having a cross section 2.1 cm×1.5 cm and fastened with screws onto the short ends of the 30 cm long pieces already mounted with their 2.1 cm measure facing the transparent surface and forming smooth joints with the already mounted wood. Before the second of these 46.3 cm long pieces is fastened, the backpiece, Part 2, with its rod-shaped hinge previously having been glued onto it, is laid in place towards the surface of Part 1. After the second long piece has been fastened one then has the shape of a rectangular frame to build further on. It has a void towards the transparent surface along the latter's long sides where the protrusions of the backpiece's rod are resting and this void forms part of the hole in which the rod-hinge is resting. Two short pieces of wood cut at right angles from the piece having the cross section 6 mm×10 mm may be inserted closely parallel to the hinge-rod and glued in position to form a fourth wall of the hole enclosing the protrusion of the rod into the space ‘E’-‘F’ thus forming a hole in which the rod-hinge can rotate so that the back-piece (=Part 2) may flip open sufficiently to insert an artwork between it and Part 1.
[0039] The distance ‘G’ in FIG. 1 is implemented by gluing onto this structure another four pieces of the wood having a cross section of 6 mm×10 mm such that their 6 mm measures become smoothly leveled with the outside of the structure which is parallel to the line ‘I’ in FIG. 1. These pieces of wood are preferably cut with lengths to make the short ones overlap as much as possible onto the rest of the structure in order to contribute to the frame's stability. Subsequently, the distance ‘H’ in FIG. 1 is formed by gluing onto the rest of the structure towards the most recently laid 6 mm×10 mm pieces, another four long pieces of wood having a cross section of 21 mm×6 mm. These pieces are cut such that they overlap as much as possible with the adjacent pieces of the structure. They are laid with their flat surfaces facing the rest of the structure. One then has the core of a frame with the help of which the invention can be made to function. Onto this core is glued the frame proper, which is going to be visible from the outside along with the artwork, in a manner a) parallel to the contour ‘A’ and b) parallel to the contour ‘I’ in FIG. 1, covering the ugly joints that have appeared in this method of manually manufacturing the invention. In this example, pieces of oak wood 4.5 cm×0.8 cm were chosen for the front corresponding to the thickness ‘C’ in FIG. 1 and pinewood 3.5 cm×0.8 cm was chosen to cover the joints visible on the surface parallel to ‘I’. The oak-wood was cut at an angle of 45 (135) degrees by reference to its length and joined with glue to Part 1 such that the four pieces formed a rectangle as in the case of most frames already on the market. This rectangle of oak wood should be made to cover the parts of the core of the frame that may otherwise be seen along with the artwork on display. The pinewood pieces were cut at right angles such that their joints when glued onto the frame were only visible from below and from above. They were joined with glue both to the oak-wood and to the surface parallel to ‘I’ in FIG. 1. The oak-and pinewood just laid corresponds to the V-shaped piece of wood in the preceding paragraph and exemplifies that the appearance of the frame as seen by the person watching the artwork can be varied just like in the case of frames already on the market. In this instance, for example, the pieces of oak wood forming the thickness ‘C’ protruded somewhat from the surface ‘I’ in FIG. 1.
[0040] The description above serves the purpose of demonstrating that the invention can be manufactured by various methods and with some freedom to choose the relevant measures. However, the claimed invention and the gist of the invention is independent of the method of manufacture. The detailed manufacturing just described is not suited for mass production but can be used by any more or less handy person having an elementary knowledge of wood joinery to guide the manufacture of one piece of the invented device.
[0041] Consider then the holes into which the rod serving as a hinge is inserted. These holes should be drilled into preferably the longer wooden strips (constituting the frame's length) so that they in the assembled device appear as close to the shorter strips (constituting the frame's width) as possible, under the protrusion marked with the letter ‘B’ in FIG. 1. There should not be any furrow marked ‘F’ where these holes are drilled. In the simplest conceivable configuration of the invention it is a circular hole that must be drilled into the longer strips, close enough to where a short side of Part 1 will be located when the main device has been assembled such that Part 2 can be rotated around this hinge and exert pressure onto Part 1 also considering the thickness of the porous paper on the surface of Part 2: The paper(s) and the artwork to be framed and displayed must not be so thick that Part 1 and Part 2 not can be made parallel by rotating around the hinge because if that happens the invention will not function. On the other hand, if there is too much play between Part 1 and Part 2 when Part 2 has been maximally rotated against Part 1 the invention will not function either since it will be impossible to exert pressure between the two surfaces to keep the piece of art in place. The configuration with circular holes must be made optimal regarding the position of the drilled hole in order to avoid these extremes. Such a configuration can easily be manufactured but there is a more elegant way to avoid these extremes: The holes into which the rod is inserted can be made oval and spiral springs can be inserted from another direction into the holes in such an orientation that they press the hinge towards Part 1. By reference to FIG. 1, the previously discussed circular holes and now the oval holes will be drilled from the left of the cross-section-drawing and the holes into which the spiral spring will be inserted should be drilled from the bottom of the cross section illustration (FIG. 1) and sufficiently deep that they reach the other holes. Then, after spiral springs sufficiently ‘pushy’ to perform their function of pressing the rod towards Part 1 have been inserted (this should be done after the main device has been assembled) the holes through which they have been inserted should be closed, for example with two very blunt screws (screws the ends of which have been cut at right angles) which have a diameter broad enough that they can be fastened into the holes and at the same time compress the springs. This more elegant configuration of the invention is not necessary for proving that the invention as claimed here works and the spiral-spring method may possibly have been claimed previously in other contexts or it is already in the public domain.
[0042] Some supplementary parts are shown in FIG. 2. All of them may not be needed for the invention to work and other designs that perform the same function can also be imagined. The purpose of these parts is to press Part 2 against Part 1 by inserting them into the main device as described below. Briefly, the item illustrated to the upper left in FIG. 2 is a wedge to be inserted into the furrow ‘F’ in FIG. 1 for the purpose of pressing the edges of Part 2 towards Part 1. Several such wedges can advantageously be used. The item illustrated in cross section to the upper right in FIG. 2 is intended to be placed in the furrow ‘G’ of FIG. 1 and then snapped into another furrow running along the edge of Part 2 thereby increasing the pressure of Part 2 onto Part 1. Both these items just described can be made of wood and covered with abrasive paper on their sides facing downward in the drawing. The latter is done in order to make the surface rough to increase the friction so that they remain in place. The item at the upper right in the drawing has been included in order to illustrate that many ways to tighten Part 2 against Part 1 may be conceived. Similar, however generally more complicated pieces of metal that perform the same function can be found in e.g. U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,042,180, 5,335,434, 7,069,682 B2, 7,536,814 B2, and 10,051,981 B2.
[0043] The item illustrated in the lower half of FIG. 2 represents a sheet metal to be mounted in an arc stretching from the bottom (in the drawing of FIG. 1) of the furrow ‘G’ on two opposing sides of the frame such that strain from the edge G-H is transmitted to Part 2 and causes the latter to exert pressure on Part 1 in its central part. All metals are not suited for this. Here, sheet brass (Example 1: 9×42.5 cm; Example 2: 9×33 cm), 1 mm thick, was used but there are better materials available, for example the kind of steel that is used in piano wire. Plainly cutting the sheet metal as described is sufficient for ascertaining that it grips into the wood. Any material that accomplishes this to the same extent will equally well accomplish that the claimed invention works. The just mentioned measures apply to the case that the distance perpendicular from the board, Part 2, when pressed against Part 1 to the dashed line at ‘H’ in FIG. 1 is 3.0 cm (Example 1, or 2 cm in Example 2) and the distance between the bottom of the furrows ‘G’ in FIG. 1 in two opposing sides of the frame is 41.5 cm (Example 1, or 32.2 cm in Example 2). These exact measures are only provided in order to enable anyone to verify that the invention can be built; the invention as such can be built by a skilled craftsman with a wide variety of herein unspecified measures. The sheet metal is cut so that it can be applied diagonally and then turned (rotated) until it exerts the desired pressure on Part 2. This shape with rounded corners as shown in the lower half of FIG. 2 is necessary for use in the invention. Without the rounded shape the invention would not work unless some other method to press the center of Part 2 against Part 1 could be found. It is an advantage if the partly rounded metal edge that will rest in the furrow G has some remaining sharpness as this will improve its grip on the wooden frame compared to a smoothed and ground edge. However, this poses the hazard of user accidents so a better way of achieving the same effect is to make very tiny saw-teeth indentations in said edge of the sheet metal. These saw-teeth should not point straight outwards from the metal but should point away from the long edge of the sheet metal. They should not be too sharp-pointed in order to preserve the possibility of easy removal of the metal from the frame (pressing down the mounted metal at its location near the wooden frame loosens its grip there). If very springy metals that are capable of storing much potential energy when bent are used, like for example the metal used in piano wire, then a sufficiently thick wire running with strain (much potential mechanical energy stored in its bending, that is) from two opposing parts of the frame at the position ‘G’-‘H’ in FIG. 1 and snapped into place into a furrow on the back surface of Part 2 might accomplish the same effect as the sheet brass used here.
