METHOD AND DEVICE FOR NUCLEAR FUSION WITH HYDROGEN-DEUTERIUM-TRITIUM ALLOY REACTOR

Abstract

A method and a device for nuclear fusion with a hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor are provided. The device includes: an ion generator unit configured to generate a high-frequency ion current or a high-frequency electron current; an alloy reactor unit provided with an alloy reactor, where the alloy reactor is configured to store hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium gases to produce a hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor and to allow a nuclear fusion reaction; and an energy conversion unit configured to convert energy generated by the nuclear fusion reaction into usable energy. The nuclear fusion method adopts an alloy reactor, and the alloy reactor can allow intensive storage of hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium, and can store 1,125 cubic meter of hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium per cubic meter, which can greatly improve a probability of nucleus-nucleus collision to produce nuclear fusion, thereby making a nuclear fusion reaction easily and stably proceed.

Claims

1. A device for a nuclear fusion with a hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor, comprising: an ion generator unit configured to generate a high-frequency ion current or a high-frequency electron current; an alloy reactor unit configured to store hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium gases to produce the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor and to allow a nuclear fusion reaction; and an energy conversion unit configured to convert an energy generated by the nuclear fusion reaction into a usable energy, wherein the ion generator unit comprises a high-frequency ion source, an acceleration tube, a clustering tube, a vacuum valve, a metal target, and a control rod, wherein the high-frequency ion source comprises an ion emission end, and the ion emission end is provided successively with the acceleration tube and the clustering tube; the acceleration tube is provided with the vacuum valve for vacuum-pumping of the acceleration tube; an inner diameter of the clustering tube is less than an inner diameter of the acceleration tube; the high-frequency ion current or the high-frequency electron current generated by the high-frequency ion source is accelerated by the acceleration tube and then clustered by the clustering tube to produce a high-speed particle beam; the metal target is arranged at a rear end of the clustering tube; and the control rod is inserted into the metal target; and the alloy reactor unit comprises an alloy reactor, a cooling liquid loop, and a heat exchanger, wherein the alloy reactor is made of a hydrogen storage alloy and an additive; the alloy reactor is provided with a helium exhaust port and a gas feed port, and the gas feed port is configured to add hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium gas raw materials; the alloy reactor stores the hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium gases to produce the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor; the cooling liquid loop is provided outside the alloy reactor for cooling and an energy collection; and the cooling liquid loop is further provided with the heat exchanger to deliver the energy to an energy exchange unit.

2. The device for the nuclear fusion with the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen storage alloy comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ti, Nb, Er, V, and Zr; and the additive comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of Cr, Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, and Cu.

3. The device for the nuclear fusion with the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor according to claim 1, wherein a surface of the metal target is provided with a metal protective film; and the control rod is a boron carbide control rod.

4. The device for the nuclear fusion with the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor according to claim 1, wherein the high-frequency ion source is provided with an ion source power supply and a pulse generator, and the pulse generator generates the high-frequency ion current or the high-frequency electron current through a high voltage provided by the ion source power supply.

5. The device for the nuclear fusion with the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor according to claim 4, wherein the high-frequency ion source further comprises a high-voltage terminal shell and a voltage-equalizing resistor; the voltage-equalizing resistor is connected in series to a high-voltage circuit of the ion source power supply; and the acceleration tube is further provided with a water-cooled coil for shell cooling.

6. The device for the nuclear fusion with the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor according to claim 1, wherein the energy exchange unit is provided with a steam engine, and the steam engine comprises a steam generator; and the energy exchange unit collects a heat energy generated by the nuclear fusion through the heat exchanger and cools the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor, then converts the heat energy into a water vapor through the steam generator, and drives the steam engine to generate an electricity through the water vapor, such that the heat energy is converted into an electric energy.

7. A method for a nuclear fusion with a hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor, comprising the following steps: (1) taking one or more selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ti, Nb, Er, V, and Zr as a hydrogen storage alloy, and taking one or more selected from the group consisting of Cr, Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, and Cu as an additive; and subjecting the hydrogen storage alloy and the additive to a high-temperature melting and a thorough mixing to produce an alloy reactor, adding hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium gas raw materials to the alloy reactor through a gas feed port, and storing the hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium gas raw materials by the alloy reactor to produce the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor; (2) producing a high-frequency ion current or a high-frequency electron current by a high-frequency ion source, accelerating the high-frequency ion current or the high-frequency electron current by an acceleration tube, and clustering the high-frequency ion current or the high-frequency electron current by a clustering tube into a high-speed particle beam to bombard a metal target, wherein the acceleration tube is provided with a vacuum valve for vacuum-pumping of the acceleration tube, and a control rod is inserted into the metal target; the high-frequency ion current is accelerated and clustered, and then bombards the metal target to produce a high-energy neutron current; the high-frequency electron current is accelerated and clustered, and then bombards the metal target to produce a high-energy gamma ray; and the control rod is configured to control an intensity of the high-energy neutron current or the high-energy gamma ray of the metal target; (3) injecting a dense neutron current produced by the metal target bombarded by an accelerated and clustered high-frequency ion current into the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor in step (1), such that hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium nuclei in the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor collide with each other due to a close alignment to produce a nuclear fusion reaction; or injecting an intense high-energy gamma ray produced by the metal target bombarded by an accelerated and clustered high-frequency electron current into the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor in step (1), such that the high-energy gamma ray accelerates a neutron movement in the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor and thus neutrons collide with hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium nuclei in the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor to produce a nuclear fusion reaction, wherein an intensity of the high-energy neutron current or the high-energy gamma ray of the metal target is controlled by the control rod to adjust an intensity of a controlled nuclear fusion; (4) providing a cooling liquid loop outside the alloy reactor, wherein the cooling liquid loop is configured for cooling, collecting an energy generated by the nuclear fusion reaction, and delivering the energy to an energy exchange unit through a heat exchanger; and (5) converting the energy generated by the nuclear fusion reaction in step (4) into a usable energy by an energy conversion unit.

8. The device for the nuclear fusion with the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor according to claim 7, wherein a reaction equation in the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor in step (1) is M+xH2=MHx+xH, wherein M represents a metal element in the hydrogen storage alloy and the additive and x represents any constant.

9. The device for the nuclear fusion with the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor according to claim 8, wherein the nuclear fusion reaction is specifically as follows: D+D.fwdarw.T+P+4.04 MeV, D+D.fwdarw.He3+n+3.37 MeV, and D+He3.fwdarw.He4+P+18.14 MeV.

10. The device for the nuclear fusion with the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor according to claim 7, wherein the control rod in step (2) is a boron carbide control rod.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] FIG. 1 is an overall structure diagram of a device for nuclear fusion with a hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor provided in the present disclosure;

[0040] FIG. 2 is a structure diagram of an ion generator unit in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1; and

[0041] FIG. 3 is a structure diagram of an alloy reactor unit and an energy conversion unit in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0042] The present disclosure is further described below with reference to examples.

Example 1

[0043] As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, in FIG. 3, 27 represents a cooling water pump, 32 represents a circulating water pump, and 33 represents a water feeding pump. A device for nuclear fusion with a hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor is provided, including: ion generator unit 1 configured to generate a high-frequency ion current or a high-frequency electron current; alloy reactor unit 2 configured to store hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium gases to produce a hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor and to allow a nuclear fusion reaction; and energy conversion unit 3 configured to convert energy generated by the nuclear fusion reaction into usable energy.

[0044] The ion generator unit 1 includes a high-frequency ion source, acceleration tube 11, clustering tube 12, vacuum valve 13, metal target 14, and control rod 15, where the high-frequency ion source includes an ion emission end, and the ion emission end is provided successively with an acceleration tube and a clustering tube; the acceleration tube is provided with a vacuum valve for vacuum-pumping of the acceleration tube; an inner diameter of the clustering tube is less than an inner diameter of the acceleration tube; a high-frequency ion current or a high-frequency electron current generated by the high-frequency ion source is accelerated by the acceleration tube and then clustered by the clustering tube to produce a high-speed particle beam; the metal target is arranged at a rear end of the clustering tube; and the control rod is inserted into the metal target.

[0045] The alloy reactor unit 2 includes alloy reactor 21, cooling liquid loop 22, and heat exchanger 23, where the alloy reactor is made of a hydrogen storage alloy and an additive; the alloy reactor is provided with helium exhaust port 24 and gas feed port 25, and the gas feed port is configured to add hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium gas raw materials; the alloy reactor stores hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium gases to produce a hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor; the cooling liquid loop is provided outside the alloy reactor for cooling and energy collection; and the cooling liquid loop is further provided with heat exchanger 26 to deliver energy to an energy exchange unit.

[0046] The high-frequency ion source is configured to produce a high-frequency ion current or a high-frequency electron current; the high-frequency ion current is accelerated and clustered, and then bombards the metal target to produce a high-energy neutron, where when an ion energy is 2.8 MeV and a neutron energy is 1.2 MeV, 4.35*10{circumflex over ( )}4 neutrons are produced; the high-frequency electron current is accelerated and clustered, and then bombards the metal target to produce a high-energy gamma ray; and the control rod is configured to control an intensity of a high-energy neutron current or a high-energy gamma ray of the metal target to adjust an intensity of controlled nuclear fusion.

[0047] A high-frequency ion current or a high-frequency electron current is generated by the ion generator unit, then accelerated by the acceleration tube, and clustered by the clustering tube. When an accelerated and clustered high-frequency ion current bombards the target metal, a resulting dense neutron current produced by the metal target is injected into the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor, such that hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium nuclei in the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor collide with each other due to close alignment to produce a nuclear fusion reaction. When an accelerated and clustered high-frequency electron current bombards the target metal, a resulting intense high-energy gamma ray is injected into the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor, such that the high-energy gamma ray can accelerate a neutron movement in the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor and thus neutrons collide with hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium nuclei in the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor to produce a nuclear fusion reaction.

[0048] The hydrogen storage alloy is Zr, and the additive includes Cr and Fe; or the hydrogen storage alloy is Er, there are 5.43*10{circumflex over ( )}4 moles of nuclei in one cubic meter of the hydrogen storage alloy, and each mole of metal nuclei can store two moles of hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium gases, that is, one cubic meter of the hydrogen storage alloy can store 1.086*10{circumflex over ( )}5 moles of hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium gases, indicating a density nearly ten billion times a density of plasma in a tokamak device.

[0049] Further, a surface of the metal target is provided with a metal protective film 16; and the control rod is a boron carbide control rod.

[0050] Further, the high-frequency ion source is provided with ion source power supply 17 and pulse generator 18, and the pulse generator generates a high-frequency ion current or a high-frequency electron current through a high voltage provided by the ion source power supply.

[0051] Further, the high-frequency ion source further includes high-voltage terminal shell 19a and voltage-equalizing resistor 19b; the voltage-equalizing resistor is connected in series to a high-voltage circuit of the ion source power supply; and the acceleration tube 11 is further provided with water-cooled coil 11a for shell cooling.

[0052] Further, the energy exchange unit 3 is provided with steam engine 31, and the steam engine includes steam generator 31a; and the energy exchange unit collects heat energy generated by nuclear fusion through the heat exchanger and cools a hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor, then converts the collected heat energy into water vapor through the steam generator, and drives the steam engine to generate electricity through the water vapor, such that the heat energy is converted into electric energy.

[0053] Further, a tungsten steel alloy is adopted as a protective shell of the alloy reactor.

[0054] Further, the metal target is a lithium target.

[0055] A method for nuclear fusion with a hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor is provided, including the following steps:

[0056] (1) Zr was adopted as a hydrogen storage alloy, and Cr and Fe were adopted as an additive; and the hydrogen storage alloy and the additive were subjected to high-temperature melting and thorough mixing to produce an alloy reactor, hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium gas raw materials were added to the alloy reactor through a gas feed port, and the hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium gas raw materials were stored by the alloy reactor to produce a hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor.

[0057] (2) A high-frequency ion current or a high-frequency electron current was produced by a high-frequency ion source, accelerated by an acceleration tube, and clustered by a clustering tube into a high-speed particle beam to bombard a metal target, where the acceleration tube was provided with a vacuum valve for vacuum-pumping of the acceleration tube, and a control rod was inserted into the metal target; the high-frequency ion current was accelerated and clustered, and then bombarded the metal target to produce a high-energy neutron; the high-frequency electron current was accelerated and clustered, and then bombarded the metal target to produce a high-energy gamma ray; and the control rod was configured to control an intensity of a high-energy neutron current or a high-energy gamma ray of the metal target.

[0058] (3) The dense neutron current produced by the metal target bombarded by the accelerated and clustered high-frequency ion current was injected into the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor in step (1), such that hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium nuclei in the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor collided with each other due to close alignment to produce a nuclear fusion reaction; or the intense high-energy gamma ray produced by the metal target bombarded by the accelerated and clustered high-frequency electron current was injected into the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor in step (1), such that the high-energy gamma ray accelerated a neutron movement in the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor and thus neutrons collided with hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium nuclei in the hydrogen-deuterium-tritium alloy reactor to produce a nuclear fusion reaction, where an intensity of the high-energy neutron current or the high-energy gamma ray of the metal target was controlled by the control rod to adjust an intensity of controlled nuclear fusion.

[0059] (4) A cooling liquid loop was provided outside the alloy reactor, where the cooling liquid loop was configured for cooling, collecting energy generated by the nuclear fusion reaction, and delivering the energy to an energy exchange unit through a heat exchanger.

[0060] (5) The energy generated by the nuclear fusion reaction in step (4) was converted into usable energy by an energy conversion unit.

[0061] Further, a reaction equation in the alloy reactor in step (1) was M+xH2=MHx+xH, where M represents a metal element in the hydrogen storage alloy and the additive and x represents any constant. A deuterium gas was added to the alloy reactor. The nuclear fusion reaction was specifically as follows: [0062] D+D.fwdarw.T+P+4.04 MeV, [0063] D+D.fwdarw.He3+n+3.37 MeV, and [0064] D+He3.fwdarw.He4+P+18.14 MeV.

[0065] Further, the control rod in step (1) was a boron carbide control rod.

[0066] Further, the hydrogen storage alloy and the additive in step (1) may be adopted in any ratio, and the hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium gases may be added to the alloy reactor in any mass ratio.

Example 2

[0067] Technical features of this example are the same as Example 1, except that the hydrogen storage alloy is Mg and Ti and the additive includes Fe.

[0068] The present disclosure is described in detail above. The above are merely preferred examples of the present disclosure, and do not limit the implementation scope of the present disclosure, that is, any addition, subtraction, or replacement of a general technical means made within the scope of the present application shall fall within the scope of the present disclosure.