METHOD FOR USING PLANT MATERIAL TO SIMULTANEOUSLY CONTROL WEEDS AND PLANT TARGET PLANT

Abstract

The present invention provides a method of using plant material to simultaneously control weeds and plant target plants, including the following steps: covering the carrier with plant material with a thickness of 0.1˜12 cm to form a plant material layer, controlling the water content of the plant material during the covering period, immediately before planting and after planting, planting the target plant on the surface of the plant material layer or in the plant material layer. The subject method could make full use of plant resources, control weeds when they are the most vulnerable, and produce a synergistic effect of different planting methods for different target plants. At the same time, the method achieves low cost and ensures the survival rate of planting target plants.

Claims

1-25. (canceled)

26. A method for simultaneously controlling weeds and planting target plants by utilizing plant materials, comprising the following steps: a. placing plant materials on carrier to form a plant material layer; and b. planting the target plant on the surface of the plant material layer and/or in the plant material layer.

27. The method according to claim 26, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a. placing the plant material on the carrier, wherein a period from covering the plant material layer to planting the target plant is called a covering period, during which the size, covering thickness and water content of the plant material layers are controlled; and b. planting the target plant on the surface of the plant material layer and/or in the plant material layer so that the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer and/or in the plant material layer; wherein the plant material layer is uniformly covered on the carrier at a covering thickness of 0.1˜12 cm, and the water content of the plant material is greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content.

28. The method according to claim 26, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a. covering the carrier with the plant material with a thickness of 0.1˜12 cm, or with a thickness of 0.3˜8 cm, or with a thickness of 0.3˜5 cm, or with a thickness of 0.6˜3 cm, or with a thickness of 0.6˜1.2 cm, or with a thickness of 0.6˜1 cm to form a plant material layer; or uniformly covering on the carrier with the plant material with a thickness of 0.1˜12 cm; and b. planting the target plant on the surface of the plant material layer and/or in the plant material layer; wherein controlling the water content of the plant material during covering period, immediately before planting, and after planting, wherein: (1) during the covering period, which is from covering the plant material layer to planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is controlled to greater than or equal to 1% of its saturated water content, or the water content of the plant material is controlled to 50% of its saturated water content, or the water content of the plant material is controlled to reach 100% of its saturated water content, or the plant material is infiltrated, or the plant material is soaked in water; and/or (2) controlling water immediately before planting, which is the period within 1 day before planting the target plant, during which, the water content of the plant material is adjusted to greater than or equal to 30% of its saturated water content, or the water content of the plant material is adjusted to greater than or equal to 100% of its saturated water content, or the water content of the plant material is adjusted to achieve plant material infiltration, or the plant material is adjusted to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth; and/or (3) control water after planting, wherein: 1) the target plant is an aquatic plant and the planting method is direct seeding, the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained at 70% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained to 40% to 100% of its saturated water content; or 2) the target plant is an aquatic plant and the planting method is migration-planting, the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained to 70% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material is maintained to from 50% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth; or 3) the target plant is a dryland plant and the planting method is direct seeding, the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the plant material after planting is maintained at 40% to 100% of its saturated water content; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained to 30% to 90% of its saturated water content; or 4) the target plant is a dryland plant and the planting method is migration-planting, the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 50% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 2 cm depth; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained to from 60% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 2 cm depth.

29. The method according to claim 26, wherein the method comprises any one or more of the following features: the target plant is planted with a reproductive organ, before the plant material is completely decomposed, the initial stem-root differentiation point of the target plant is visible to the naked eye in the plant material layer or higher than the plant material layer; after the seedling of the target plant emerges, the stem base point is in or above the plant material layer; the target plant is planted by seedling placings, throwing seedlings, or transplanting seedlings, before the plant material is completely decomposed, the stem base point of the target plant is visible to the naked eye in the plant material layer or higher than the plant material layer; when planting the target plant, the target plant is visible to the naked eye on the surface of the plant material layer or in the plant material layer, and the reproductive organs of the weeds are located under the plant material layer; after planting the target plant, if there are weeds, before the plant material is completely decomposed, it is visible to the naked eye that the initial stem-root differentiation point of 95% of the weeds is located under the plant material layer; after planting the target plant, when the covering thickness of the plant material reaches 0.9 cm, when weeds emerge, it is visible to the naked eye that the initial stem-root differentiation point of 95% of the target plants is 0.5 cm or more higher than the initial stem-root differentiation point of the weeds, and/or within 25 days after the target plant is planted, the stem base point of 95% of the target plants is higher than the stem base point of weeds by 0.8 cm or more; when the covering thickness of the plant material reaches 0.9 cm, and when the uniform covering of the plant material is completed, it is visible to the naked eye that, 95% of the carrier area is covered by the plant material, and the carrier (such as soil) cannot be seen; the height of the initial stem-root differentiation point of the target plant is greater than or equal to 0.2 cm; the method further comprises using the target plant after it is harvested as the plant material to cover on the ground on-site without tillage; the method further comprises using the target plant after it is harvested as the plant material to cover on the ground on-site; the method further comprises using the target plant after it is harvested as the plant material to cover on the ground without tillage; the method further comprises using the wastes of the target plant when it is harvested or after harvesting or immediately after soil preparation as the plant material to cover the ground surface; the method further comprises using the straw of the target plant when it is harvested or after harvesting or immediately after soil preparation as the plant material to cover the ground surface; and nitrogen which is equivalent to 10˜20 kg of urea is supplemented for every 666.7 m.sup.2 when the covering thickness of the plant material layer is 0.5 cm, and the nitrogen that needs to be supplemented increases correspondingly as the covering thickness of the plant material layer increases.

30. The method according to claim 26, wherein in the process of planting the target plant, the step of applying plant nutrition is also included, the mode of applying is at least one selected from the group consisting of: applying under the plant material layer, applying in the middle of the plant material layer, mixing with the plant material layer, applying on the top of the plant material layer, mixing with the reproductive organs of the target plant, mixing with the root system of the reproductive organs of the target plant; and/or the plant nutrient is applied 1˜15 days after planting the target plant, or 1˜10 days after planting the target plant, or 3˜7 days after planting the target plant; and/or the types of plant nutrients are selected from a group consisting of: urea, P.sub.2O.sub.5, K.sub.2O, compound fertilizer, organic fertilizer, plant ash, and mixed fertilizer.

31. The method according to claim 26, wherein the shapes of plant material for growing target plants and/or controlling weeds are at least one selected from the group consisting of: strip, flaky, tubular, blocky, powder, leaf or part of leaf, plant or part of a plant.

32. The method according to claim 26, wherein the plant material is derived from at least one of the following plants: rice (Oryza sativa L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), maize (Zea mays L.), soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), sweet potato (Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Burkill), potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), peanut (Solanum melongena L.), chili (Capsicum annuum L.), pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata (Duch. exLam.) Duch. ex Poiret), winter melon (Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn.), sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum L.), chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), green manure crop (hairy vetch), and weeds; and/or the plant material is derived from the straw of plants at least one selected from the group consisting of: rice (Oryza sativa L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), maize (Zea mays L.), soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), sweet potato (Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Burkill), potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), peanut (Solanum melongena L.), chili (Capsicum annuum L.), pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata (Duch. exLam.) Duch. ex Poiret), winter melon (Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn.), sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum L.), chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), green manure crop (hairy vetch), and weeds.

33. The method according to claim 26, wherein: the plant material is turned into pieces and covered on the carrier, the size of the plant material is not greater than 300 cm, or the size of the plant material is not greater than 200 cm, or the size of the plant material is not greater than 10 cm, or the size of the plant material is not greater than 3 cm; and/or the plant material is turned into pieces and covered on the carrier, the average size of the plant material is not greater than 300 cm, or the average size of the plant material is not greater than 200 cm, or the average size of the plant material is not greater than 10 cm, or the average size of the plant material is not greater than 3 cm.

34. The method according to claim 26, wherein a period from covering the plant material layer to planting the target plant is called a covering period, the covering period is 0 to 12 months, or the covering period is 0˜6 months, or the covering period is 0˜3 months, or the covering period is 0 to 30 days, or the covering period is 0˜10 days.

35. The method according to claim 26, wherein the method of controlling water after planting the target plant is as follows: 1) the target plant is an aquatic plant and the planting method is direct seeding, the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the time maintaining the water content of the plant material at from 70% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated after planting is greater than or equal to 5 days; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the time for maintaining the water content of the plant material to at 40% to 100% of its saturated water content is greater than or equal to 5 days after planting; or 2) the target plant is an aquatic plant and the planting method is migration-planting, the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, maintaining the water content of the plant material after planting to from 70% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth, after 4 to 8 days, maintaining the water content of the plant material at from 30% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 8 cm depth; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, maintaining the water content of the plant material at from 50% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth, after 4 to 8 days, maintaining the water content of the plant material at from 20% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 6 cm depth; or 3) the target plant is a dryland plant and the planting method is direct seeding, the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 40% to 100% of its saturated water content after planting, after the target plant root penetrates down the plant material layer, maintaining the water content of the plant material at 10% to 80% of its saturated water content; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 30% to 90% of its saturated water content after planting, after the target plant root system penetrates down the plant material layer, maintaining the water content of the plant material at 10% to 70% of its saturated water content; or 4) the target plant is a dryland plant and the planting method is migration-planting, the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material is maintained at from 50% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 2 cm depth, after 4 to 8 days, maintaining the water content of the plant material at 10% to 90% of its saturated water content; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, maintaining the water content of the plant material at from 60% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 2 cm depth, after 4˜8 days, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 10%˜80% of its saturated water content.

36. The method according to claim 26, wherein: the plant material is derived from any at least one of maize, soybean, sweet potato, potato, cotton, flax, oilseed rape, peanut, chili, pumpkin, winter melon, sugar cane, and sunflower, the plant material is turned into pieces and cover the carrier, and the size of the plant material is not greater than 2 cm or not greater than 1 cm; and/or the plant material is derived from any at least one of maize, soybean, sweet potato, potato, cotton, flax, oilseed rape, peanut, chili, pumpkin, winter melon, sugar cane, and sunflower, the plant material is turned into pieces and covers the carrier, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 2 cm or not greater than 1 cm; and/or the plant material is derived from any at least one of rice, wheat, barley, chinese milk vetch, and green manure crop, the carrier is covered with the plant material that has been turned into pieces, and the size of the plant material is not greater than 10 cm, or not greater than 5 cm, or not greater than 2 cm; and/or the plant material is derived from any at least one of rice, wheat, barley, chinese milk vetch, and green manure crop, covering the carrier with the plant material that has been turned into pieces, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 10 cm, or not greater than 5 cm, or not greater than 2 cm.

37. The method according to claim 26, wherein: the plant material is derived from any at least one of maize, soybean, sweet potato, potato, cotton, flax, oilseed rape, peanut, chili, pumpkin, winter melon, sugar cane, and sunflower, the covering thickness is 0.2˜8 cm, or the covering thickness is 0.4˜4 cm, or the covering thickness is 0.5˜3 cm, or the covering thickness is 0.6˜2 cm, or the covering thickness is 0.6˜1.5 cm, or the covering thickness is 0.6˜0.9 cm; and/or the plant material is derived from any at least one of rice, wheat, barley, chinese milk vetch, and green manure crop, the covering thickness is 0.2˜8 cm, or the covering thickness is 0.3˜4 cm, or the covering thickness is 0.6˜3 cm, or the covering thickness is 0.8˜2 cm, or the covering thickness is 0.8˜1.5 cm; and/or the plant material is derived from any at least one of rice, wheat, barley, chinese milk vetch, and green manure crop, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 1 cm, the covering thickness is 0.2˜8 cm, or the covering thickness is 0.3˜4 cm, or the covering thickness is 0.5˜3 cm, or the covering thickness is 0.6˜2 cm or the covering thickness is 0.6˜1.0 cm.

38. The method according to claim 26, wherein the mode of planting the target plant is selected from at least one of: artificial sowing reproductive organs, artificial transplanting seedlings, artificially throwing planting seedlings, artificially seedling placing, sowing reproductive organs by machine, transplanting seedlings by machine, throwing planting seedlings by machine, seedling placing by machine; and/or the sowing depth of the target plant is selected according to the size of the reproductive organ of the target plant, wherein: 1) the longest side of the reproductive organ is not greater than 0.2 cm, the sowing depth below the surface of the plant material layer is not greater than 3 cm; or the sowing depth below the surface of the plant material layer is not greater than 1 cm; or the sowing depth below the surface of the plant material layer is not greater than 0.5 cm; and/or 2) the longest side of the reproductive organ is greater than 0.2 cm and not greater than 0.5 cm, the sowing depth below the surface of the plant material layer is not greater than 10 cm; or the sowing depth below the surface of the plant material layer is not greater than 5 cm; or the sowing depth below the surface of the plant material layer is not greater than 3 cm; and/or 3) the longest side of the reproductive organ is greater than 0.5 cm, the sowing depth below the surface of the plant material layer is not greater than 12 cm; or the sowing depth below the surface of the plant material layer is not greater than 5 cm.

39. The method according to claim 26, wherein: (1) the target plant is an aquatic plant and the planting method is direct seeding, wherein: (a) the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜12 cm, the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 10 cm; during the covering period, the water content of the plant material is controlled to greater than or equal to 1% of its saturated water content, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is adjusted to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is controlled to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is controlled to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content; or (b) the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜8 cm, the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 10 cm; during the covering period, the water content of the plant material is controlled to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is adjusted to greater than or equal to 30% of its saturated water content; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained at 70% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained to 40% to 100% of its saturated water content; or (c) the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜8 cm, the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 10 cm; during the covering period, the plant material is soaked in water, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 100% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained at 70% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained to 40% to 100% of its saturated water content; or (d) the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜8 cm, the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 3 cm; during the covering period, the plant material is soaked in water, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 100% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the time maintaining the water content of the plant material at from 70% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated after planting is greater than or equal to 5 days; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the time for maintaining the water content of the plant material to at 40% to 100% of its saturated water content is greater than or equal to 5 days after planting; or (e) the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜5 cm, the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 1 cm; during the covering period, the plant material is soaked in water, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 100% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the time maintaining the water content of the plant material at from 70% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated after planting is greater than or equal to 5 days; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the time for maintaining the water content of the plant material to at 40% to 100% of its saturated water content is greater than or equal to 5 days after planting; or (2) the target plant is aquatic plant and the planting method is migration-planting, wherein: (i) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 10 cm, uniformly covering the carrier by plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜12 cm; during the covering period, the water content of the plant material is controlled to greater than or equal to 1% of its saturated water content, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is adjusted to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is controlled to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is controlled to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content; or (ii) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 10 cm, uniformly covering the carrier by plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜8 cm; during the covering period, the water content of the plant material is controlled to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is adjusted to greater than or equal to 30% of its saturated water content; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained to 70% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained to from 50% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth; or (iii) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 10 cm, uniformly covering the carrier by plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜8 cm; during the covering period, the plant material is soaked in water, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 100% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained to 70% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained to from 50% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth; or (iv) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 3 cm, uniformly covering the carrier by plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜8 cm; during the covering period, the plant material is soaked in water, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 100% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained to 70% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth, after 4 to 8 days, maintaining the water content of the plant material at from 30% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 8 cm depth; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, maintaining the water content of the plant material after planting at from 50% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth, after 4 to 8 days, maintaining the water content of the plant material at from 20% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 6 cm depth; or (v) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 1 cm, uniformly covering the carrier by plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜5 cm; during the covering period, the plant material is soaked in water, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 100% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained to 70% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth, after 4 to 8 days, maintaining the water content of the plant material at from 30% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 8 cm depth; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, maintaining the water content of the plant material after planting at from 50% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth, after 4 to 8 days, maintaining the water content of the plant material at from 20% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 6 cm depth.

40. The method according to claim 26, wherein: (1) the target plant is a dryland plant and the planting method is direct seeding, wherein: (a) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 10 cm, and the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜12 cm; during the covering period, the water content of the plant material is controlled to greater than or equal to 1% of its saturated water content, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is adjusted to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is controlled to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is controlled to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content; or (b) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 10 cm, and the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜8 cm; during the covering period, the water content of the plant material is controlled to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is adjusted to greater than or equal to 30% of its saturated water content; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the plant material after planting is maintained at 40% to 100% of its saturated water content; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained to 30% to 90% of its saturated water content; or (c) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 10 cm, and the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜8 cm; during the covering period, the plant material is soaked in water, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 100% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained at 40%˜100% of its saturated water content; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained at 30%˜90% of its saturated water content; or (d) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 3 cm, and the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜8 cm; during the covering period, the plant material is soaked in water, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 100% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 40% to 100% of its saturated water content after planting, after the target plant root penetrates down the plant material layer, maintaining the water content of the plant material at 10% to 80% of its saturated water content; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 30% to 90% of its saturated water content after planting, after the target plant root system penetrates down the plant material layer, maintaining the water content of the plant material at 10% to 70% of its saturated water content; or (e) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 1 cm, and the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜5 cm; during the covering period, the plant material is soaked in water, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 100% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 40% to 100% of its saturated water content after planting, after the target plant root penetrates down the plant material layer, maintaining the water content of the plant material at 10% to 80% of its saturated water content; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 30% to 90% of its saturated water content after planting, after the target plant root system penetrates down the plant material layer, maintaining the water content of the plant material at 10% to 70% of its saturated water content; or (2) the target plant is a dryland plant and the planting method is migration-planting, wherein: (i) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 10 cm, and the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜12 cm; during the covering period, the water content of the plant material is controlled to greater than or equal to 1% of its saturated water content, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is adjusted to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is controlled to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is controlled to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content; or (ii) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 10 cm, and the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜8 cm; during the covering period, the water content of the plant material is controlled to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is adjusted to greater than or equal to 30% of its saturated water content; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained at from 50% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 2 cm depth; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained to from 50% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 2 cm depth; or (iii) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 10 cm, and the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜8 cm; during the covering period, the plant material is soaked in water, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 100% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained at from 50% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 2 cm depth; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained to from 50% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 2 cm depth; or (iv) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 3 cm, and the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜8 cm; during the covering period, the plant material is soaked in water, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 100% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained at from 50% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 2 cm depth, after 4 to 8 days, maintaining the water content of the plant material at 10% to 90% of its saturated water content; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, maintaining the water content of the plant material after planting at from 50% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 2 cm depth, after 4˜8 days, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 10%˜80% of its saturated water content; or (v) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 1 cm, and the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜5 cm; during the covering period, the plant material is soaked in water, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 100% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained at from 50% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 2 cm depth, after 4 to 8 days, maintaining the water content of the plant material at 10% to 90% of its saturated water content; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, maintaining the water content of the plant material after planting at from 50% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 2 cm depth, after 4˜8 days, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 10%˜80% of its saturated water content.

41. The method according to claim 26, wherein: (1) the target plant is rice and the planting method is direct seeding, wherein: (i) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 10 cm, and the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜12 cm; during the covering period, the water content of the plant material is controlled to greater than or equal to 1% of its saturated water content, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is adjusted to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is controlled to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is controlled to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content; or (ii) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 10 cm, and the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜8 cm; during the covering period, the water content of the plant material is controlled to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is adjusted to greater than or equal to 30% of its saturated water content; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained at 70% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained to 40% to 100% of its saturated water content; or (iii) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 10 cm, and the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜8 cm; during the covering period, the plant material is soaked in water, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 100% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained at 70% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained to 40% to 100% of its saturated water content; or (iv) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 3 cm, and the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜8 cm; during the covering period, the plant material is soaked in water, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 100% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the time maintaining the water content of the plant material at from 70% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated after planting is greater than or equal to 5 days; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the time for maintaining the water content of the plant material to at 40% to 100% of its saturated water content is greater than or equal to 5 days after planting; or (v) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 1 cm, and the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜5 cm; during the covering period, the plant material is soaked in water, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 100% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the time maintaining the water content of the plant material at from 70% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated after planting is greater than or equal to 5 days; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the time for maintaining the water content of the plant material to at 40% to 100% of its saturated water content is greater than or equal to 5 days after planting; or (2) the target plant is rice and the planting method is migration-planting, wherein: (i) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 10 cm, and the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜12 cm; during the covering period, the water content of the plant material is controlled to greater than or equal to 1% of its saturated water content, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is adjusted to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is controlled to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is controlled to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content; or (ii) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 10 cm, and the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜8 cm; during the covering period, the water content of the plant material is controlled to greater than or equal to 10% of its saturated water content, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is adjusted to greater than or equal to 30% of its saturated water content; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained to 70% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained to from 50% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth; or (iii) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 10 cm, and the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜8 cm; during the covering period, the plant material is soaked in water, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 100% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained to 70% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material after planting is maintained to from 50% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth; or (iv) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 3 cm, and the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜8 cm; during the covering period, the plant material is soaked in water, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 100% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, maintaining the water content of the plant material after planting to from 70% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth, after 4 to 8 days, maintaining the water content of the plant material at from 30% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 8 cm depth; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, maintaining the water content of the plant material after planting at from 50% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth, after 4 to 8 days, maintaining the water content of the plant material at from 20% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 6 cm depth; or (v) the plant material is derived from at least one of oilseed rape, rice, wheat, maize, and soybean, and the average size of the plant material is not greater than 1 cm, and the carrier is evenly covered with plant material with a thickness of 0.3˜5 cm; during the covering period, the plant material is soaked in water, immediately before planting the target plant, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 100% of its saturated water content to that the plant material is infiltrated; wherein the target plant is planted on the surface of the plant material layer, maintaining the water content of the plant material after planting to from 70% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth, after 4 to 8 days, maintaining the water content of the plant material at from 30% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 8 cm depth; or the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, maintaining the water content of the plant material after planting at from 50% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth, after 4 to 8 days, maintaining the water content of the plant material at from 20% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 6 cm depth.

42. The method according to claim 26, wherein the target plant is planted in the plant material layer, the carrier is covered with the plant material twice, and in the first time the carrier is covered with more than or equal to 30% of the total amount of the plant material, or in the first time the carrier is covered with more than or equal to 50% of the total amount of plant material, or in the first time the carrier is covered with more than or equal to 70% of the total amount of plant material, or in the first time the carrier is covered with more than or equal to 80% of the total amount of plant material, or in the first time the carrier is covered with more than or equal to 90% of the total amount of plant material; and/or in the plant material layer refers to the upper half of the plant material layer or refers to the upper ⅓ layer of the plant material layer.

43. The method according to claim 26, wherein the target plant is selected from at least one of the group consisting of: crops, fruit trees, commercial crops, flowers, nursery stocks, forest trees, lawns, and chinese traditional medicinal crops; or the target plant is one or any two or more of the group consisting of: rice (Oryza sativa L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), maize (Zea mays L.), soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), sweet potato (Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Burkill), cotton (Gossypium L.), flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), oilseed rape (Brassica rapa var. oleifera de Candolle), peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), green vegetables (Brassica rapa var. chinensis (Linnaeus) Kitamura), radish (Raphanus sativus L.), mustard (Brassica juncea var. tumida Tsen & Lee), kale (Brassica oleracea var. capitata Linnaeus), broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis Linnaeus), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Miller), eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), chili (Capsicum annuum L.), pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata (Duch. Ex Lam.) Duch. ex Poiret), winter melon (Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn.), grape (Vitis vinifera L.), pear (Pyrus L.), tangerine (Citrus reticulata Blanco), apple (Malus pumila Mill.), peach (Amygdalus persica L.), rose (Rosa rugosa Thunb.), butterfly orchid (Phalaenopsis aphrodite H.G. Reichenbach), orchid (Cymbidium Sw.), Osmanthus (Osmanthus fragrans (Thunb.) Loureiro), camphor (Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl), pine (Pinus L.), cedar (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.), Manila lawn (Zoysia matrella (L.) Merr.), honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica Thunb.), rhizoma Corydalis (Corydalis yanhusuo W. T. Wang), unibract fritillary bulb (Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don).

44. The method according to claim 26, wherein the weeds are selected from at least one of Gramineae weeds, Cyperaceae weeds and broadleaf weeds; or the weeds are selected from a group consisting of: crab grass (Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.), green foxtail (Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.), goosegrass (Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.), chinese sprangletop (Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees), barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.), beardless barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli var. mitis (Pursh) Petermann), alkali barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli var. zelayensis (Kunth) Hitchcock), longawn barnyardgrass (Echinochloa caudata Roshev.), junglerice (Echinochloa colona (Linnaeus) Link), water barnyardgrass (Echinochloa oryzoides (Ard.) Flritsch.), japanese barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli var. austrojaponensis Ohwi); and/or the weeds are selected from any one or more of the group consisting of: Nut-grass (Cyperus rotundus L.), difformed galingale (Cyperus difformis L.), miliumlike Fimbristylis (Fimbristylis littoralis Grandich), Rice galingale (Cyperus iria L.), common bulrush (Schoenoplectus triqueter (Linnaeus) Palla), flatstalk bulrush (Bolboschoenus planiculmis (F. Schmidt) T. V. Egorova), Rush-like Bulrush (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (C. C. Gmelin) Palla), cow's hair-felt spikesedge (Eleocharis yokoscensis (Franchet & Savatier) Tang & F. T. Wang), wallich bulrush (Schoenoplectus wallichi i (Nees) T. Koyama); and/or the weeds are selected from any one or more of the group consisting of: copperleaf (Acalypha australis L.), redroot amaranth (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.), common day flower (Commelina communis L.), eared redstem (Ammannia auriculata Willdenow), manyflower Ammannia (Ammannia multiflora Roxb.), valley redstem (Ammannia coccinea Rottboll), common Ammannia (Ammannia baccifera L.), climbing seedbox (Ludwigia prostrata Roxb.), creeping waterprimrose (Ludwigia adscendens (L.) Hara), indian Rotala (Rotala indica (Willd.) Koehne), roundleaf Rotala (Rotala rotundifolia (Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.) Koehne), procumbent false-pimperne (Lindernia procumbens (Krock.) Borbas), sheathed Monochoria (Monochoria vaginalis (Burm. F.) Presl ex Kunth), pygmy arrowhead (Sagittaria pygmaea Miq.), yerbadetajo (Eclipta prostrata (L.) L.), korsakow Monochoria (Monochoria korsakowii Regel et Maack), japanese Mazus (Mazus pumilus (N. L. Burman) Steenis), triquetrous Murdannia (Murdannia triquetra (Wall. ex C. B. Clarke) Bruckn.), distinct pondweed (Potamogeton distinctus A. Bennett), pepperwort (Marsilea quadrifolia L. Sp.), oldworld arrowhead (Sagittaria trifolia L.).

45. The method according to claim 26, wherein when placing plant materials on carrier, machinery is used to complete harvesting and plant material crushing and broadcasting in one step.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0161] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of different ways of using plant material to grow target plants and/or control weeds. Plant material is placed on the surface of the carrier (such as soil) (A), the target plant reproductive organs and seedlings are planted on the surface of the plant material (B), the target plant grows well after a certain period of time, and the efficacy of weed control is ideal (C)

[0162] FIG. 2 is a physical picture of the target plant reproductive organs planted on the surface of the plant material layer.

[0163] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of target plant reproductive organs and seedlings planted in the plant material layer. Plant material is placed on the surface of the carrier (such as soil) (A), and the target plant reproductive organs and seedlings are planted in the middle of the plant material layer (B). After a certain period of time, the target plant grows well and the weed control efficacy is ideal (C).

[0164] FIG. 4 is a physical picture of the target plant reproductive organs planted in the plant material layer.

[0165] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a method for controlling weeds in paddy fields by mulching with oilseed rape straw in the prior art. After the target plants and weeds emerged (A), the crushed dry oilseed rape straw or the mixture with oilseed rape pods was broadcasted (B). After a certain period of time, the growth of the target plants was affected to a certain extent, and the weed control efficacy was limited (C).

[0166] FIG. 6 is a physical diagram of the method for controlling weeds in paddy fields by mulching oilseed rape straws in the prior art (mulching oilseed rape straws after planting rice on the carrier).

[0167] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the prior art straw mulching in the field for direct seeding after being cut by a machine. The straw is cut into long stem segments by the machine and then used to cover the field (A). The seed of the target plant is directly seeded on the soil layer by the seeder (B). After a certain period of time, the growth of the target plant is affected. Because the straw is too long and there is no water layer, the weed control efficacy is not ideal (C).

[0168] FIG. 8 is a photograph of many weeds growing after conventional rice direct seeding.

[0169] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the shapes of plant material for growing target plants and or controlling weeds.

[0170] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the initial stem-root differentiation point and stem base point of the target plant in different planting methods, as well as the height of the initial stem-root differentiation point and the stem base point height, wherein the target plant reproductive organs are planted on the surface of the plant material layer (A, B); the target plant reproductive organs are planted in the plant material layer (C); the target plant seedlings are planted on the surface of the plant material layer (D); conventionally, target plants of the prior art are grown on the surface of a carrier (e.g. soil) (E).

[0171] FIG. 11 is the photographs of initial stem-root differentiation points of seedlings of rice seeds grown on the surface of oilseed rape straw material layer.

[0172] FIG. 12 is the photographs of initial stem-root differentiation points of seedlings of wheat seeds grown on the surface of oilseed rape straw material layer.

[0173] FIG. 13 is the photographs of initial stem-root differentiation points of seedlings of oilseed rape seeds grown on the surface of oilseed rape straw material layer.

[0174] FIG. 14 is the photographs of initial stem-root differentiation points of seedlings of maize seeds grown on the surface of wheat straw material layer

[0175] FIG. 15 is the photographs of initial stem-root differentiation points of seedlings of cucumber seeds grown on the surface of wheat straw material layer.

[0176] FIG. 16 is the photographs of initial stem-root differentiation points of seedlings of soybean seeds grown on the surface of soybean straw material layer.

[0177] FIG. 17 is the photographs of the initial stem-root differentiation point and stem base point of rice plants.

[0178] FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of plant species with different root growing patterns (Figure A represents plants with roots growing at the base of the stem; Figure B represents plant species that growing roots at two or more places on the stem; Figure C represents base creeping species or liana species; Figure D represents plant species without obvious stems).

[0179] FIG. 19 is a comparison diagram of rice seedlings grown by the present invention and conventional methods. The soil surface of the present invention is covered with oilseed rape straw (straw length is about 0.2 cm, thickness is 1.08 cm), and rice was direct seeded 3 days after the covering, the rice seedlings grow for 6 days, and the rice root system is visible to the naked eye (A), compared with the prior art, when the rice seedlings were mulched with oilseed rape straw (about 1 cm in length and 1.08 cm in thickness) 3 days after direct seeding, and the rice grew for 6 days, 95% or more of the rice roots could not be seen with the naked eye (B).

[0180] FIG. 20 is comparison of rice seedlings and the efficacy of controlling weeds between the present invention and conventional methods. The conventional soil direct seeding rice grows for 15 days, and there are many weeds (A). The soil surface of the present invention is covered with oilseed rape straw (the length of the straw is about 0.2 cm and the thickness is 1.08 cm), and the direct seeding rice grows for 15 days. The rice grows normally, and the efficacy of inhibiting weeds is ideal (B).

[0181] FIG. 21 is growth and rooting of rice of the present invention on oilseed rape straw. The surface of the substrate was covered with oilseed rape straw (straw length was about 1 cm and thickness was 1.08 cm), and then the rice was directly seeded. After 15 days of normal growth, the rice root system had penetrated the straw downward to reach the substrate layer (the straw was artificially removed and the shoots of the rice had been cut off).

[0182] FIG. 22 is schematic diagram of the control efficacy of oilseed rape straw mixture on five weeds with different amounts of covering without water layer.

[0183] FIG. 23 is schematic diagram of the germination dynamics of barnyardgrass after sowing.

[0184] FIG. 24 is a physical picture of the relative position in the field of the seeds in rice direct seeding of the present invention and the prior art (Figure A is the prior art, rice seeds are sown on the soil; Figure B is the present invention, the rice seeds are sown on the surface of the plant material layer).

[0185] FIG. 25 is the physical picture in the field of the weed control efficacy of the present invention and the safety of rice (Figure A: rice seeds of the prior art are sown on the soil for 20 days without controlling weeds, and there are many weeds; figure B: the rice seeds of the present invention are sown on the surface of the plant material layer (the length of the maize straw is about 1 cm and the thickness is 0.84 cm) for 20 days, the harmful effects of weeds is completely controlled, and the rice grows well).

[0186] FIG. 26 is a physical picture in the field of the weed control efficacy of the present invention and the safety of rice (Figure A: rice seeds of the prior art are sown on soil for 50 days without weed control, and the harmful effects of weeds is very serious; Figure B: the rice seeds of the present invention are sown on the surface of the plant material layer (the length of maize straws is about 1 cm and the thickness is 0.84 cm) for 50 days, the harmful effects of weeds is completely controlled, and the rice grows well).

[0187] FIG. 27 is the photographs of the growth of rice seedlings 4 days after conventional direct seeding. The picture shows that the growth of rice seedlings 4 days after conventional direct seeding is uneven (crooked growth and dwarf rice seedlings are easily overwhelmed when plant material is applied).

[0188] FIG. 28 is schematic diagram of the dimensions of the plant material of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0189] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. For those skilled in the art, obvious transformations and replacements belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0190] The invention provides a method for simultaneously controlling weeds and planting target plants by utilizing plant materials, in the present invention, plant material is placed on the surface of the carrier (such as soil) (FIG. 1A), and the target plant reproductive organs and seedlings are planted on the surface of the plant material layer or in the plant material layer (FIG. 1B). After a certain period of time, the target plants grew well and the weed control efficacy was satisfactory (FIG. 1C). Positional relationship: the lowest bottom layer: the carrier, the middle layer: the plant material layer, and the root system of the target plant reproductive organ or seedling is located on the surface of the plant material layer or in the plant material layer. The present invention emphasizes that the plant material does not need to be dried, especially after the plant material is placed, certain water content is needed, and the plant material layer requires high or higher water content before and after planting the target plant. The present invention is diametrically opposed to the operation of the prior art, in which the plant material must be sheared and dried in order not to overwhelm the target plant, which is a necessary technical means. In addition, the prior art requires a small amount of plant materials to be applied every time in order not to overwhelm the target plants. But the negative effect of this is to protect the growth of weeds to a certain extent (because some weeds will not be overwhelmed), thus affecting the efficacy of weed control. On the other hand, slow-growing or weak target plants will be affected by the gravity of the plant material layer, causing the target plants to die or their growth to be inhibited.

[0191] In a preferred embodiment, different types of weeds can be controlled requiring different thicknesses of said plant material layers. For example, under the condition of no water layer, in order to obtain 95% or more of the weed control efficacy for Leptochloa chinensis, Ammannia auriculata, Cyperus difformis, Ludwigia prostrata and etc., covering the mixture of oilseed rape straw and oilseed rape pod is needed, and the covering thickness is 0.72 cm (600 g/m.sup.2), 0.84 cm (700 g/m.sup.2), 0.96 cm (800 g/m.sup.2), 1.08 cm (900 g/m.sup.2), respectively (FIG. 22).

[0192] Further, the target plant is planted between the day (T=0 day) the plant material layer is placed and 12 months after the plant material layer is placed; preferably, the target plant is planted between the day (T=0 day) the plant material layer is placed and 30 days after the plant material layer is placed; more preferably, the target plant is planted between 1 day (T=1 day) to 10 days after the plant material layer is placed.

[0193] Further, planting the target plant on the surface of the plant material layer and/or in the plant material layer may optionally adopt one of the following four methods, or use a mixture:

[0194] Method 1: place plant material on the carrier, precisely control the water content of the plant material, and plant the reproductive organs of the target plant on the surface of the plant material layer (see panel B of FIG. 10, FIG. 1, FIG. 2);

[0195] Method 2: first place plant material on the carrier, precisely control the water content of the plant material, and plant the target plant seedlings on the surface of the plant material layer (see FIG. 1, panel D of FIG. 10);

[0196] Method 3: place plant material on the carrier, precisely control the water content of the plant material, and plant reproductive organs in the plant material layer (see FIG. 3, FIG. 4, panel C of FIG. 10);

[0197] Method 4: place plant material on the carrier, accurately controlling the water content of the plant material, and plant the target plant seedlings in the plant material layer (FIG. 3, FIG. 4);

[0198] Wherein, the height of the initial stem-root differentiation point of the target plant is greater than or equal to 0.2 cm.

[0199] Further, the sowing depth of the target plant is selected according to the size of the reproductive organ of the target plant: when the longest side (D) of the reproductive organ is not greater than 0.2 cm, the sowing depth below the surface of the plant material layer is not greater than 3 cm; preferably, the sowing depth below the surface of the plant material layer is not greater than 1 cm; more preferably, the sowing depth below the surface of the plant material layer is not greater than 0.5 cm;

[0200] when the longest side of the reproductive organ is greater than 0.2 cm and not greater than 0.5 cm, the sowing depth below the surface of the plant material layer is not greater than 10 cm; preferably, the sowing depth below the surface of the plant material layer is not greater than 5 cm; more preferably, the sowing depth below the surface of the plant material layer is not greater than 3 cm;

[0201] when the longest side of the reproductive organ is greater than 0.5 cm, the sowing depth below the surface of the plant material layer is not greater than 12 cm; preferably, the sowing depth below the surface of the plant material layer is not greater than 5 cm.

[0202] The specific techniques and effects of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and comparative examples.

[0203] Example 1. Plant material was cut into pieces with the longest side of 0.1˜1 cm. In wet direct seeded rice fields, plant material is evenly broadcasted with a thickness of 0.7˜2.0 cm at one time 0˜3 days after conventional soil preparation. Then water is added to soak the plant material. One to three days after the plant material covering, 5˜10 kg of urea and 40˜80 kg of compound fertilizer (N+P.sub.2O.sub.5+K.sub.2O≥45%) per 666.7 m.sup.2 of farmland are applied, and the plant material is allowed to have its saturated water content immediately before planting the crop, and then rice seeds are sown on the surface of the plant material layer. After planting, the plant material was maintained at from 70% of its saturated water content to that the plant material was infiltrated for 7 days and then managed the field normally thereafter. The target plant grows normally and the weed control efficacy is ideal.

[0204] Example 2. The plant material was cut into pieces of 0.1˜1 cm. In wet direct seeded rice fields, plant material equivalent to a dry weight of 400˜900 g/m.sup.2 was evenly applied at one time 0˜3 days after soil preparation. Then irrigate to soak the plant material. One to three days after the plant material covering, 30˜80 kg of compound fertilizer (N+P.sub.2O.sub.5+K.sub.2O≥45%) per 666.7 m.sup.2 of farmland are applied, and the plant material is adjusted to have its saturated water content immediately before planting the crop, and then rice was planted on the surface of the plant material layer by throwing seedlings. The water content of the plant material after planting is maintained at from 70% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth for 5˜15 days, after which it is managed normally. The target plant grows normally and the weed control efficacy is ideal.

[0205] Example 3. The plant material was cut into pieces of 0.1˜1 cm. In upland direct seeded rice fields, plant material equivalent to a dry weight of 400˜900 g/m.sup.2 was evenly applied at one time 0˜3 days after soil preparation. After the straw covering, sprinkle or irrigate several times a day to soak the straw with water. 1 to 3 days after straw covering, apply compound fertilizer (N+P.sub.2O.sub.5+K.sub.2O≥45%) 30˜80 kg per 666.7 m.sup.2 of farmland, so that the plant material reaches its saturated water content immediately before planting the crop, and then rice seeds are sown in the plant material layer. The water content of the plant material is maintained at 40%˜100% of its saturated water content for 5˜15 days after planting, and then managed normally. The target plant grows normally and the weed control efficacy is ideal.

[0206] Example 4. In areas where rice is planted after oilseed rape is harvested, when oilseed rape is harvested, fresh oilseed rape straw and the weeds in the oilseed rape field are cut into pieces of 0.1˜1 cm with a machine, with which the original plot surface is evenly covered directly. Then irrigate and soak the straw. 1 to 3 days after straw covering, apply compound fertilizer (N+P.sub.2O.sub.5+K.sub.2O≥45%) 30˜80 kg per 666.7 m.sup.2 of farmland, so that the plant material reaches its saturated water content immediately before planting the crop, and then rice seeds are sown on the surface of the plant material layer. The plant material was maintained at from 70% of its saturated water content after planting to that the plant material was infiltrated for 7 days and then managed normally thereafter. The target plant grows normally and the weed control efficacy is ideal.

[0207] Example 5. In areas where rice is planted after oilseed rape is harvested, when oilseed rape is harvested, fresh oilseed rape straw and the weeds in the oilseed rape field are cut into pieces of 0.1˜1 cm with a machine, with which the original plot surface is evenly covered directly. Then irrigate and soak the straw. 1 to 3 days after straw covering, apply compound fertilizer (N+P.sub.2O.sub.5+K.sub.2O≥45%) 30˜80 kg per 666.7 m.sup.2 of farmland, so that the plant material reaches its saturated water content immediately before planting the crop, and then rice seeds are sown on the surface of the plant material layer. After planting, the plant material was maintained at from 70% of its saturated water content to that the plant material was infiltrated for 7 days, and the threshed oilseed rape pods were used to mulch the paddy field after sowing. The field is normally managed thereafter. The target plant grows normally and the weed control efficacy is ideal.

[0208] Example 6. In areas where upland rice is planted after oilseed rape is harvested, when oilseed rape is harvested, fresh oilseed rape straw and the weeds in the oilseed rape field are cut into pieces of 0.1˜1 cm with a machine, with which the original plot surface is evenly covered directly. After the straw covering, sprinkle or irrigate several times a day to soak the straw with water. 1 to 3 days after straw covering, apply compound fertilizer (N+P.sub.2O.sub.5+K.sub.2O≥45%) 30˜80 kg per 666.7 m.sup.2 of farmland, so that the plant material reaches its saturated water content immediately before planting the crop, and then rice seeds are sown in the plant material layer. After planting, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 40% to 100% of its saturated water content for 7 days, and the threshed oilseed rape pods are used to mulch the paddy field after sowing. The field is normally managed thereafter. The target plant grows normally and the weed control efficacy is ideal.

[0209] Example 7. In areas where rice is planted after oilseed rape is harvested, when oilseed rape is harvested, fresh oilseed rape straw and the weeds in the oilseed rape field are cut into pieces of 0.1˜1 cm with a machine, with which the original plot surface is evenly covered directly. Then irrigate and soak the straw. 1 to 3 days after straw covering, 30˜80 kg of compound fertilizer (N+P.sub.2O.sub.5+K.sub.2O≥45%) per 666.7 m.sup.2 of farmland are applied. The plant material was adjusted to reach its saturated water content immediately before planting the crop, and then the rice seedlings were manually transplanted into the plant material layer. After planting, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 70% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth for 5˜15 days, and the threshed oilseed rape pods are used to mulch the rice field after planting. The field is normally managed thereafter. The target plant grows normally and the weed control efficacy is ideal.

[0210] Example 8. In areas where rice is planted after oilseed rape is harvested, when oilseed rape is harvested, fresh oilseed rape straw and the weeds in the oilseed rape field are cut into pieces of 0.1˜1 cm with a machine, with which the original plot surface is evenly covered directly. Then irrigate and soak the straw. 1 to 3 days after straw covering, apply compound fertilizer (N+P.sub.2O.sub.5+K.sub.2O≥45%) 30˜80 kg per 666.7 m.sup.2 of farmland, so that the plant material reaches its saturated water content immediately before planting the crop, and then the rice was transplanted on the surface of the plant material layer by seedling placings. The water content of the plant material is maintained at from 70% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth for 5˜15 days after planting. The threshed oilseed rape pods are used to mulch the rice field after planting. The field is normally managed thereafter. The target plant grows normally and the weed control efficacy is ideal.

[0211] Example 9. In areas where rice is planted after oilseed rape is harvested, when oilseed rape is harvested, fresh oilseed rape straw and the weeds in the oilseed rape field are cut into pieces of 0.1˜1 cm with a machine, with which the original plot surface is evenly covered directly. Then irrigate and soak the straw. 1 to 3 days after straw covering, apply compound fertilizer (N+P.sub.2O.sub.5+K.sub.2O≥45%) 30˜80 kg per 666.7 m.sup.2 of farmland, so that the plant material reaches its saturated water content immediately before planting the crop, and then the rice was transplanted on the surface of the plant material layer by throwing seedlings. After planting, the water content of the plant material is maintained at from 70% of its saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 5 cm depth for 7 days, and the threshed oilseed rape pods are used to mulch the rice field after planting. The field is normally managed thereafter. The target plant grows normally and the weed control efficacy is ideal.

[0212] Example 10. When the oilseed rape was harvested, the fresh oilseed rape straw and the weeds in the oilseed rape field were cut into pieces of 0.1˜1 cm with a machine, with which the ground surface was evenly covered directly. Then irrigate and soak the straw. 1 to 7 days after straw covering, 30˜80 kg of compound fertilizer (N+P.sub.2O.sub.5+K.sub.2O≥45%) per 666.7 m.sup.2 of farmland are applied, so that the plant material reaches its saturated water content immediately before planting the crop, and then maize seeds are planted in the plant material layer. The water content of the plant material is maintained at 30%˜90% of its saturated water content for 7 days after planting, and then managed normally. The target plant grows normally and the weed control efficacy is ideal.

[0213] Example 11. When the oilseed rape was harvested, the fresh oilseed rape straw and the weeds in the oilseed rape field were cut into pieces of 0.1˜1 cm with a machine, with which the ground surface was evenly covered directly. Then irrigate and soak the straw. 1 to 7 days after straw covering, 30˜80 kg of compound fertilizer (N+P.sub.2O.sub.5+K.sub.2O≥45%) per 666.7 m.sup.2 of farmland are applied, so that the plant material reaches its saturated water content immediately before planting the crop, and then soybean are planted in the plant material layer. The water content of the plant material is maintained at 30%˜90% of its saturated water content for 5˜15 days after planting, and then managed normally. The target plant grows normally and the weed control efficacy is ideal.

[0214] Example 12. When the oilseed rape was harvested, the fresh oilseed rape straw and the weeds in the oilseed rape field were cut into pieces of 0.1˜1 cm with a machine, with which the ground surface was evenly covered directly. Then irrigate and soak the straw. 1 to 7 days after straw covering, 30˜80 kg of compound fertilizer (N+P.sub.2O.sub.5+K.sub.2O≥45%) per 666.7 m.sup.2 of farmland are applied, so that the plant material reaches its saturated water content immediately before planting the crop, and then chinese cabbage are then sown on the surface of the plant material layer. The water content of the plant material is maintained at 40%˜100% of its saturated water content for 5˜15 days after planting, and then managed normally. The target plant grows normally and the weed control efficacy is ideal.

[0215] Example 13. When the oilseed rape was harvested, the fresh oilseed rape straw and the weeds in the oilseed rape field were cut into pieces of 0.1-1 cm with a machine, with which the ground surface was evenly covered directly. Then irrigate and soak the straw. 1˜7 days after straw covering, 30˜80 kg of compound fertilizer (N+P.sub.2O.sub.5+K.sub.2O≥45%) per 666.7 m.sup.2 of farmland are applied, so that the plant material reaches its saturated water content immediately before planting the target plant, and the grape seedlings are then planted in the plant material layer. The water content of the plant material is maintained at 30%˜100% of its saturated water content for 5˜15 days after planting, and then managed normally. The target plant grows normally and the weed control efficacy is ideal.

[0216] Example 14. When the oilseed rape was harvested, the fresh oilseed rape straw and the weeds in the oilseed rape field were cut into pieces of 0.1˜1 cm with a machine, with which the ground surface was evenly covered directly. Then irrigate and soak the straw. 1˜7 days after straw covering, 30˜80 kg of compound fertilizer (N+P.sub.2O.sub.5+K.sub.2O≥45%) per 666.7 m.sup.2 of farmland are applied, so that the plant material reaches its saturated water content immediately before planting the target plant, and the orchid seedlings are then planted in the plant material layer. The water content of the plant material is maintained at 30%˜100% of its saturated water content for 5˜15 days after planting, and then managed normally. The target plant grows normally and the weed control efficacy is ideal.

[0217] Example 15. When the oilseed rape was harvested, the fresh oilseed rape straw and the weeds in the oilseed rape field were cut into pieces of 0.1-1 cm with a machine, with which the ground surface was evenly covered directly. Then irrigate and soak the straw. 1˜7 days after straw covering, 30˜80 kg of compound fertilizer (N+P.sub.2O.sub.5+K.sub.2O≥45%) per 666.7 m.sup.2 of farmland are applied, so that the plant material reaches its saturated water content immediately before planting the target plant, and the chinese traditional medicinal crops Corydalis yanhusuo seeds are then sown in the plant material layer. The water content of the plant material is maintained at 30%˜90% of its saturated water content for 5˜15 days after planting, and then managed normally. The target plant grows normally and the weed control efficacy is ideal.

[0218] Example 16. When the oilseed rape was harvested, the fresh oilseed rape straw and the weeds in the oilseed rape field were cut into pieces of 0.1˜1 cm with a machine, with which the ground surface was evenly covered directly. Then irrigate and soak the straw. 1˜7 days after straw covering, 30˜80 kg of compound fertilizer (N+P.sub.2O.sub.5+K.sub.2O≥45%) per 666.7 m.sup.2 of farmland are applied, so that the plant material reaches its saturated water content immediately before planting the target plant, and then the turf Zoysia matrella seedlings were planted on the surface of the plant material layer. The water content of the plant material is maintained at 50%˜100% of its saturated water content for 5˜15 days after planting, and then managed normally.

[0219] Example 17. The maize straw was cut into pieces of 0.1˜1 cm. Mixing the maize straw equivalent to 1.0 kg dry weight with 50˜300 g of compound fertilizer (N+P.sub.2O.sub.5+K.sub.2O≥45%) evenly, putting it into a container, and adding water to infiltrate the straw. The plant material is adjusted to reach its saturated water content immediately before planting the target plant, then jasmine seedlings are planted in the plant material layer, and the water content of the plant material is maintained at 30% to 90% of its saturated water content for 7 days after planting. It is normally managed thereafter. Target plants grow normally.

[0220] Example 18. Plant material maize straw was cut into pieces of 0.1˜1 cm. Mix the maize straw equivalent to 10.0 kg dry weight with compound fertilizer (N+P.sub.2O.sub.5+K.sub.2O≥45%) 0.50˜3 kg evenly. First lay a layer of soil on the roof, then place straws, and add water to moisten the straws. The plant material is adjusted to reach its saturated water content immediately before planting the target plant, then plant turf grass on the surface of the plant material layer, and the water content of the plant material is maintained at 40% to 100% of its saturated water content for 7 days after planting. The field is normally managed thereafter. Target plants grow normally.

[0221] Example 19. After the wheat was harvested, basal fertilizer was applied according to the conventional method, and the weeds in the field were cut into fragments of 1-3 cm with a machine and broadcasted to the field. The fresh wheat straw is evenly covered on the surface of the original plot directly without shearing. The wheat straw is basically placed in parallel, and should not be placed in a criss-cross way. It is better to arrange it tightly. Then irrigate and soak the straw. 1 to 7 days after straw covering, the plant material was adjusted to reach its saturated water content immediately before planting the target plant, and then rice seeds were sown on the surface of the plant material layer. The plant material was maintained at from 70% of its saturated water content to that the plant material was infiltrated for 7 days after planting. Five days after rice planting, 10˜20 kg of urea was applied per 666.7 m.sup.2 of farmland, and then managed normally. The target plant grows normally and the weed control efficacy is ideal.

[0222] Example 20. After the rice was harvested, basal fertilizer was applied according to the conventional method, and the weeds in the field were cut into fragments of 1˜3 cm with a machine and broadcasted to the field. The fresh rice straw is evenly covered on the surface of the original plot directly without shearing. The rice straw is basically placed in parallel, and should not be placed in a criss-cross way. It is better to arrange it tightly. Then irrigate and soak the straw. 5 to 15 days after straw covering, the plant material was adjusted to reach its saturated water content immediately before planting the target plant, and then rice seeds were sown on the surface of the plant material layer. The plant material was maintained at from 70% of its saturated water content to that the plant material was infiltrated for 7 days after planting. Five days after rice planting, 10˜20 kg of urea was applied per 666.7 m.sup.2 of farmland, and then managed normally. The target plant grows normally and the weed control efficacy is ideal.

[0223] Example 21. After the rice was harvested, basal fertilizer was applied according to the conventional method, and the weeds in the field were cut into fragments of 1˜3 cm with a machine and broadcasted to the field. The fresh rice straw is directly and evenly covered on the surface of the original plot without shearing. The rice straw is basically placed in parallel, and should not be placed in a criss-cross way. It is better to arrange it tightly. Then irrigate and soak the straw. 5 to 15 days after straw covering, the plant material was adjusted to reach its saturated water content immediately before planting the target plant, and then oilseed rapes seeds were sown on the surface of the plant material layer. The water content of the plant material is maintained at 40%˜100% of its saturated water content for 7 days after planting. Five days after oilseed rape planting, 10˜20 kg of urea was applied per 666.7 m.sup.2 of farmland, and then managed normally. The target plant grows normally and the weed control efficacy is ideal.

[0224] Example 22. After the maize is harvested, the weeds in the field are cut into fragments of 1˜3 cm with a machine and broadcasted to the field, and the base fertilizer is applied according to the conventional method, and the fresh maize straw are evenly covered on the surface of the original plot directly without shearing. The maize straw is basically placed in parallel, and should not be placed in a criss-cross way. It is better to arrange them tightly. Then irrigate and soak the straw. 10 to 30 days after straw covering, the plant material was adjusted to reach its saturated water content immediately before planting the target plant, and then rice seeds were sown on the surface of the plant material layer. The plant material was maintained at from 70% of its saturated water content to that the plant material was infiltrated for 7 days after planting. Five days after rice planting, 10˜20 kg of urea was applied per 666.7 m.sup.2 of farmland, and then managed normally. The target plant grows normally and the weed control efficacy is ideal.

[0225] Example 23. The wheat straw was cut into pieces with the longest side of 0.1˜4 cm. In the wet direct seeding rice field, the base fertilizer was applied according to the conventional method, after the conventional soil preparation the wheat straw with a thickness of 0.9 cm was evenly broadcasted on the same day of soil preparation. Then irrigate to soak the plant material. The plant material is adjusted to reach its saturated water content on the same day after the plant material covering, then rice seeds are sown on the surface of the plant material layer on the same day after the covering. After planting, the plant material was maintained at from 70% of its saturated water content to that the plant material was infiltrated for 7 days, and 10˜20 kg of urea was applied per 666.7 m.sup.2 of farmland at 5 days after rice planting, and then managed normally. The target plant grows normally and the weed control efficacy is ideal.

Examples 24-38 and Comparative Examples 1-6

[0226] Table 1 shows the corresponding parameters after oilseed rape straw covering at different times in the rice filed of different cultivation methods, indicating the relationship between the thickness of the plant material layer of the present invention and the stem base point and initial stem-root differentiation point and weed control efficacy and survival rate and other parameters.

[0227] Indicators and Detection

[0228] 1) When the target plant is planted with a reproductive organ, before the plant material is completely decomposed, the initial stem-root differentiation point of the target plant is visible to the naked eye in the plant material layer or higher than the plant material layer, after the seedling of the target plant emerges, the stem base point is in or above the plant material layer.

[0229] 2) When the target plant is planted by seedling placings, throwing seedlings, or transplanting seedlings, before the plant material is completely decomposed, the stem base point of the target plant is visible to the naked eye in the plant material layer or higher than the plant material layer.

[0230] 3) When planting the target plant, the target plant is visible to the naked eye on the surface of the plant material layer or in the plant material layer, and the reproductive organs of the weeds are located under the plant material layer, forming a sandwich structure.

[0231] 4) After planting the target plant, when weeds occur, before the plant material is completely decomposed, it is visible to the naked eye that the initial stem-root differentiation point of 95% of the weeds is located under the plant material layer.

[0232] 5) After planting the target plant, when the covering thickness of the plant material reaches 0.9 cm, when weeds occur, it is visible to the naked eye that the initial stem-root differentiation point of 95% of the target plants is 0.5 cm or more higher than the initial stem-root differentiation point of the weeds, and/or within 25 days after the target plant is planted, the stem base point of 95% of the target plants is higher than the weed stem base point by 0.8 cm or more.

[0233] 6) When the covering thickness of the plant material reaches 0.9 cm, at the end of the uniform covering of the plant material, it is visible to the naked eye that 95% of the carrier area is covered by the plant material, and the carrier (such as soil) cannot be seen.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 The difference between the Example of the present invention and the comparative example Rice Stem base Plant The stem Plants Plants point Stem base material base point Plants with with higher point Weed Plant below the Height of is at what with directly directly than higher control Plant material initial Plant initial Stem place directly visible visible weed than efficacy material under stem-root material stem-foot base of the visible roots to roots to stem weed Sur- Weed Plant material below re- trans- differ- below the differ- point plant roots to the the naked base stem base vival density Thick- productive planted entiation stem base entiation height material the naked naked eye point point rate reduction ness Planting organs(1 seedlings point (5 point (25 point (mm, (mm, 25 layer (25 eye (1 eye (25 (before (mm, 5 (mm, 25 %, 7 (%, 50 Placing time (mm) method DAS) (1 DAS) DAS) DAS) 5 DAS) DAS) DAS) DAS) DAS) harvest) DAS) DAS) DAS) DAS) Example 0 day before 3 Direct seeded Yes / Yes Yes 4 ± 1  9 ± 2 Above 95% or 95% or 95% or >7 >8 98 91 24 sowing on the surface more more more the plant material layer Example 0 day before 3 Direct seeded Yes / Yes Yes 2.5 ± 0.4  7 ± 2 Upper ⅓ 95% or 95% or 95% or >7 >8 99 90 25 sowing in the plant layer more more more material layer and above Example 0 day before 3 Transplanted Yes Yes Yes Yes 14 ± 2  20 ± 3 Above 95% or 95% or 95% or >7 >8 98 91 26 trans- on the surface more more more planting of the plant material layer Example 0 day before 3 Transplanted Yes Yes Yes Yes 12 ± 2  18 ± 2 Above 95% or 95% or 95% or >7 >8 99 92 27 trans- in the plant more more more planting material layer Example 0 day before 3 Seedlings Yes Yes Yes Yes 5 ± 2 11 ± 2 Above 95% or 95% or 95% or >7 >8 97 91 28 throwing were thrown more more more seedling on the surface layer of plant material Example 0 day before 9 Direct seeded Yes / Yes Yes 9 ± 2 15 ± 2 Above 95% or 95% or 95% or >11 >12 97 99 29 sowing on the surface more more more of the plant material layer Example 0 day before 9 Direct seeded Yes / Yes Yes 7 ± 2 12 ± 2 Upper ⅓ 95% or 95% or 95% or >11 >12 97 99 30 sowing in the plant layer more more more material layer and above Example 0 day before 9 Transplanted Yes Yes Yes Yes 19 ± 2  26 ± 3 Above 95% or 95% or 95% or 98 100 31 trans- on the surface more more more planting of the plant material layer Example 0 day before 9 Transplanted Yes Yes Yes Yes 16 ± 2 23 ± 3 Above 95% or 95% or 95% or 98 100 32 trans- in the plant more more more planting material layer Example 0 day before 9 Seedlings Yes Yes Yes Yes 11 ± 2  18 ± 2 Above 95% or 95% or 95% or >11 >12 98 99 33 throwing were thrown more more more seedling on the surface layer of plant material Example 0 day before 15 Direct seeded Yes / Yes Yes 15 ± 2  21 ± 2 Above 95% or 95% or 95% or 96 100 34 sowing on the surface more more more of plant material layer Example 0 day before 15 Direct seeded Yes / Yes Yes 11 ± 3  17 ± 2 Above 95% or 95% or 95% or 96 100 35 sowing in the plant upper ⅓ more more more material layer layer Example 0 day before 15 Transplanted Yes Yes Yes Yes 20 ± 2  27 ± 3 Above 95% or 95% or 95% or 96 100 36 trans- on the surface more more more planting of the plant material layer Example 0 day before 15 Transplanted Yes Yes Yes Yes 15 ± 3  22 ± 3 Above 95% or 95% or 95% or 96 100 37 trans- in the plant more more more planting material layer Example 0 day before 15 Seedlings Yes Yes Yes Yes 16 ± 3  23 ± 3 Above 95% or 95% or 95% or 96 100 38 throwing were thrown more more more seedling on the surface layer of plant material Com- 4 days after 3 Direct seeded No No No Yes   1 ± 0.8  5 ± 1 Above for 5% or Less than 95% or <7 <8 91 68 parative sowing on the surface for 40% 73% less 30% more example 1 of soil Com- 4 days after 3 transplanted No No No No <0 <0 Below 5% of 5% or 5% or <0 <0 96 74 parative trans- in soil less less less example 2 planting Com- 4 days after 9 Direct seeded No No No Yes   1 ± 0.5  5 ± 1 Below the 5% or 5% or Less than <7 <8 87 85 parative sowing on the surface for 40% upper ⅓ less less 50% example 3 of soil layer Com- 4 days after 9 transplanted No No No No <0 <0 Below 5% or 5% or 5% or <0 <0 95 94 parative trans- in soil less less less example 4 planting Com- 4 days after 15 Direct seeded No No No Yes   1 ± 0.5  5 ± 1 Below the 5% or 5% or 5% or <7 <8 77 92 parative sowing on the surface for 40% upper ⅓ less less less example 5 of soil layer Com- 4 days after 15 transplanted No No No No <0 <0 Below 5% or 5% or 5% or <0 <0 94 95 parative trans- in soil less less less example 6 planting Note 1: The seven main weeds tested in the paddy fields include: barnyardgrass, chinese sprangletop, difformed galingale, rice galingale, eared redstem, climbing seedbox, yerbadetajo. Note 2: The pot experiment was carried out under natural light conditions in the greenhouse, the carrier was soil, the plant material was dry oilseed rape straw with an average length of 1 cm, and weed seeds were sprinkled on the soil surface. Example 24 to Example 38, rice is planted after placing the plant material, wherein for direct seeding, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 100% of its saturated water content to that the plant material was infiltrated after placing the plant material, and before planting, and after planting; for transplanting and throwing seedlings, maintaining the water content at from 100% of the saturated water content to having a water level not greater than 2 cm depth after placing the plant material, and before planting and after planting. Comparative example 1 to comparative example 6 refer to the conditions described in Chinese application CN106342612A, wherein rice is planted first, and then the plant material is broadcasted, and the water content of the plant material after the broadcasting is not controlled. For direct seeding, there was no water layer on the soil surface within 8 days after the direct seeding of rice. For transplanting, a water layer of about 2 cm is maintained after the rice is planted. DAS: Days after planting. The survival rate of the target plants and weed control efficacy were investigated 21 days after planting the target plants.

[0234] The difference between the present invention and the prior art is: [0235] 1. The plant material is not dried in the sun, and it is a necessary condition to control the high or higher water content in the plant material after placing the plant material, and it must be controlled before and after planting the target plant, which is different from the prior art wherein the plant material needs to be dried in the sun, and the plant material is placed without control, and the preparation process of the plant material must also contain a drying step, that is, the present invention provides technical teaching that is completely opposite to the prior art; [0236] 2. The method of placing the plant material is also different. In the present invention, the cover can be broadcasted in a concentrated manner by dumping, or broadcasted evenly, and there is no problem of overpowering the target plant (such as rice seedlings), and the dosage is preferably 0.1˜12 cm, preferably 0.9˜2 cm; in the prior art, a small amount of plant material is broadcasted every time and with many times, which cannot be dumped and covered in a concentrated manner. First, the mulch is broadcasted among the rows of rice seedlings, and then spread evenly in the paddy field to cover the soil surface; avoiding overwhelming the rice seedlings is needed; [0237] 3. the planting location is different. There must be a plant material layer below the reproductive organ of the target plant of the present invention, preferably, there is a plant material layer beside the reproductive organ, and more preferably, there is a plant material layer above the reproductive organ, and it is planted on the surface of the plant material layer or in the plant material layer; in the prior art, there is no plant material layer below the reproductive organ, and there should be a plant material layer above the reproductive organ, and the required dosage is 300˜1100 g/m.sup.3, and the reproductive organ is planted under the plant material layer; [0238] The target plant of the present invention has a plant material layer below the initial stem-root differentiation point of the target plant, and there is plant material beside the initial stem-root differentiation point of the plant; however, in the prior art, there is no plant material layer below the initial stem-root differentiation point of the target plant, and there is plant material beside the initial stem-root differentiation point of the plant; [0239] 4. the relative time for placing the plant material is also different. The plant material is placed before the target plant is planted in the present invention, while the plant material is placed after the target plant is planted in the prior art.

Test Example 1: Inhibitory Efficacy of Oilseed Rape Straw Covering at Different Times on Barnyardgrass

[0240] Experiments are carried out in a greenhouse. The culture medium peat soil, vermiculite, and perlite were mixed uniformly in a ratio of 3:1:1, and the oilseed rape straw were crushed with a machine until the longest side was 1 cm long. The plastic pots are 18 cm in diameter and have 3 small holes at the bottom. Each pot is filled with a substrate depth of 3 cm, placed in a large plastic square pot, and water is added to the square pot to make the water surface level with the surface of the substrate in the small pot. Each small pot was sown with 50 barnyardgrass seeds, and the straw thickness was 0.84 cm (700 g/m.sup.2) and 1.08 cm (900 g/m.sup.2) on the day, 1 d, and 2 d after sowing, respectively. There were 6 covering treatments in total. The non-covering control (CK) was not covered by straw, with four replicates per treatment. Water was sprinkled in the morning, noon and evening every day to keep the straw moist but without a water layer. The number of seedlings in each treatment was investigated 12 days after barnyardgrass sowing.

[0241] The results showed that the weed density reduction of oilseed rape straw covering on barnyardgrass was greatly affected by straw covering time, and the inhibition efficacy was the best if covering is performed on the day of sowing, and the inhibition rate was 92.47% or more when the covering thickness was 0.84 cm and 1.08 cm (Table 2). With the delay of covering time, the inhibitory efficacy was significantly reduced. The weed density reduction when the covering with a thickness of 1.08 cm is performed at 1 and 2 days after sowing (DAS) decreased by 19.18 and 31.37 percentage points, respectively, compared with the covering performed on the day after sowing. In addition, the difference in inhibition rate was small between the covering performed the day of sowing and 1 DAS with thickness of 0.84 and 1.08 cm, while the difference between the two with 2 DAS covering was larger, reaching 12.18 percentage points. The inhibitory efficacy on weeds is limited when the water content of plant material is as follows: the plant material (straw) is moist by sprinkling but not infiltrated, and there is no water layer.

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Control efficacy of different covering time of oilseed rape straw on barnyardgrass Covering Weed density reduction (%) time (DAS) Thickness 0.84 cm Thickness 1.08 cm 0 92.47 aA 96.24 aA 1 74.19 bB 77.06 bB 2 52.69 cC 64.87 cC Note: the length of covered oilseed rape straw is 1 cm; DAS: days after barnyardgrass sowing; data in the same column marked with different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (p ≤ 0.05), and those marked with different capital letters indicate extremely significant differences (p ≤ 0.01).

Test Example 2: Inhibitory Efficacy of Different Amounts of Oilseed Rape Straw Mixture Covering on Five Weeds

[0242] Experiments are carried out in a greenhouse. The culture medium peat soil, vermiculite, and perlite are mixed uniformly in a ratio of 3:1:1, and oilseed rape straw and oilseed rape pod are both cut to 1 cm on the longest side by a machine and mixed uniformly in a ratio of 2.5:1 for use. The plastic pots are 18 cm in diameter and have 3 small holes at the bottom. Each pot is filled with a substrate depth of 3 cm, placed in a large plastic square pot, and water is added to the square pot to make the water surface level with the surface of the substrate in the pot. Straw covering tests were carried out on five weeds, barnyardgrass, chinese sprangletop, eared redstem, climbing seedbox, difformed galingale, and the covering treatment was conducted 1 day after weeds sowing. The specific experimental design is shown in Table 3, and each treatment was repeated four times. Weed seeds are mixed with fine sand and sown. After sowing, the oilseed rape straw mixture is evenly sprinkled at the corresponding time, and water is sprinkled to keep the straw moist but without water layer. The number of barnyardgrass was investigated 10 days after covering, the number of chinese sprangletop was investigated 20 days after covering, and the number of plants of eared redstem, climbing seedbox, and difformed galingale were investigated 30 days after covering.

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 The experimental plan of the control efficacy of different thicknesses of plant materials on five weeds Seeding number weed species (grains) Straw thickness (cm) barnyardgrass 50 0.84 0.96 1.08 1.20 1.32 1.44 chinese 100 0.60 0.72 0.84 0.96 1.08 sprangletop eared redstem 80 0.72 0.84 0.96 1.08 1.20 climbing seedbox 80 0.84 0.96 1.08 1.20 1.32 difformed 120 0.84 0.96 1.08 1.20 1.32 galingale

[0243] The results show that: when the plant material (straw) is kept moist by sprinkling but not infiltrated and without a water layer, in order to achieve a weed control efficacy of 95% or more, the control of chinese sprangletop, eared redstem, difformed galingale, and climbing seedbox, should be covered with the mixture of oilseed rape straws and oilseed rape pods with a thickness of 0.72 cm, 0.84 cm, 0.96 cm, 1.08 cm, respectively (FIG. 22). However, under the condition of this water content, the 1.44 cm thickness of the mixture has weed density reduction of 88.44% on barnyardgrass.

Test Example 3: Weight Change of Oilseed Rape Straw and Oilseed Rape Pod after Water Absorption

[0244] The test was carried out under laboratory conditions, during which the temperature was between 24° C. and 28° C. and the air humidity was between 50% and 85%. First, basic dry and spare plant materials, the oilseed rape straws and oilseed rape pods with an average size of no more than 1 cm were dried at 80° C. for 8 h, and then 50 g of each were weighed and put into nylon mesh bags respectively, and weighed (W1); fully immerse the mesh bag in clean water, take out the mesh bag after different time intervals, weigh when the mesh bag does not drip (W2), and then put the mesh bag back into the water. The weights of oilseed rape straws and oilseed rape pods after soaking in water for different times were W=50+W2−W1.

[0245] The results showed that oilseed rape straw and oilseed rape pods absorbed water quickly, and they were basically saturated after 48 hours of water absorption; the weights of oilseed rape straw and oilseed rape pods were 5.95 and 5.12 times their dry weight after 54 hours of water absorption (Table 4).

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Weight change of oilseed rape straw and oilseed rape pods after different water absorption time Water absorption Oilseed rape straw Oilseed rape pods period (h) weight (g) weight (g) 0 50 50 0.5 233.61 186.14 6 244.72 198.64 12 244.38 212.96 24 273.53 248.85 48 291.48 260.20 54 297.48 255.82

[0246] The following takes the direct seeding method of rice seeds as an example (Table 5) to illustrate the essential difference between the present invention and the prior art. Similarly, taking the rice seedling planting method as an example (Table 6), it is illustrated that the present invention is also substantially different from the prior art.

TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Partial differences between the present invention and the prior art (takeing direct seeding of rice seeds as an example) Comparative example Comparative Comparative 8, oilseed rape straw example 9, example 7, mulching method for non-tillage conventional controlling weeds in direct seeding rice direct paddy fields (refer to straw returning seeding chinese patent technology for Item Example 39 Example 40 technology CN106342612A) rice Test conditions The carrier was soil, and six kinds of weed seeds, including bamyardgrass, chinese sprangletop, eared redstem, climbing seedbox, and difformed galingale, were sown on the surface of the soil in a pot with a diameter of 42 cm. Greenhouse 25° C.~30° C., natural light Plant Species oilseed rape oilseed rape oilseed rape straw wheat straw materials straw straw Average length 1 1 1 8~10 (cm) Covering 0.84 0.84 0.84 0~2 thickness(cm) Dryness Not dried Not dried Dried Not dried Covering time 3 days before 3 days before 5 days after rice The day after (DAS) rice planting rice planting planting rice planting Water content Flooded plant Flooded plant control during material material covering period Plant material Saturated Saturated water content water content water content control immediately before planting the target plant Moisture control 70%~100% 70%~100% Routine not controlled One-time wet of plant material of saturated of saturated after rice planting water content water content Plant Urea, g/pot 2.1 2.1 nutrition Compound 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 fertilizer, g/pot Apply Apply to the Apply to the Apply to the Apply to the surface of Apply to the surface of the surface of the surface of the the soil before planting surface of the plant material plant material soil before rice soil before layer before layer before planting rice planting rice planting rice planting rice Rice Time 3 d after 3 d after The same day The same day as The same day planting (40 covering with covering with as Example 39. Example 39. as Example 39. grains/pot) plant material plant material Position The surface of In the plant The surface of The surface of soil The surface of the plant material layer soil soil material layer Safety Rice survival rate 92.5 91.7 93.3 90.0 85.8 to rice 7 days after direct seeding Average plant 27.7 27.2 27.1 27.3 25.9 height of rice 15 days after sowing (cm) Average tiller 3.25 3.28 2.43 3.24 2.85 number of rice 30 days after sowing Average height of 1.3 0.53 0.16 0.15 0.13 the initial stem-root differentiation point of rice 30 days after sowing (cm) Weed Weed density 98.5 98.2 0 84.3 58.7 control reduction (%) efficacy (30 weed fresh 95.2 94.1 0 78.6 53.7 days after biomass rice sowing) reduction (%)

TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Partial differences between the present invention and the prior art (take the planting of rice seedlings as an example) Item Comparative Example 11, oilseed rape straw mulching method for Comparative controlling example 10, weeds in paddy conventional rice fields(refer to transplanting chinese patent Example 41 Example 42 technology CN106342612A) The carrier was soil, and six kinds of weed seeds, including barnyardgrass, chinese sprangletop, eared redstem, climbing seedbox, and difformed galingale, were sown on the surface of the soil in a pot with a diameter Test conditions of 42 cm. Greenhouse 25° C.~30° C., natural light Plant material Species oilseed rape oilseed rape oilseed rape straw straw straw Average length (cm) 1 1 1 Covering 0.84 0.84 0.84 thickness(cm) Dryness Not dried Not dried Dried Covering time (DAS) 3 days before 3 days before 5 days after rice planting rice planting rice planting Water content control Flooded plant Flooded plant during covering material material period Plant material water Saturated Saturated content control water content water content immediately before planting rice Water content control 1~2 cm depth 1~2 cm depth 1~2 cm depth of plant material after of water level of water level of water level rice planting Plant nutrition Urea, g/pot 2.1 2.1 Compound fertilizer, g/pot 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 Apply Apply to the Apply to the Apply to the Apply to the surface of the surface of the surface of the surface of the plant material plant material soil before soil before layer before layer before planting rice planting rice planting rice planting rice Rice planting, Time 3 d after plant 3 d after plant The same day as The same day as clump/pot (3 material material Example 41. Example 41. plants/clump) covering covering Position, planting Surface of In the plant transplanting transplanting method plant material material layer, in soil in soil layer, seedling throwing placing planting Rice safety Rice survival rate 10 100 100 100 100 days after planting, % Average plant height 35.2 35.5 34.4 34.8 of rice 20 days after planting (cm) Average tiller number 9.61 9.65 7.53 9.64 of rice 30 days after planting Average height of the 2.31 2.01 <0 <0 initial stem-root differentiation point of rice 30 days after planting (cm) Weed control Weed density 99.1 98.6 0 89.4 efficacy (30 reduction 30 days days after rice after planting, % planting) weed fresh biomass 96.2 94.3 0 84.7 reduction (%)

[0247] Experiment 1. Field Plot Experiment of Rice Cultivation with Plant Material

[0248] Field trials were carried out in direct seeding rice fields in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. The oilseed rape straws were sun-dried and cut into stem segments with a length of 0.1˜1 cm. The paddy field was drained after soil preparation, and four doses of oilseed rape straw covering were carried out on the day of soil preparation: 3.6 cm (300 g/m.sup.2), 6.0 cm (500 g/m.sup.2), 8.4 cm (700 g/m.sup.2), and 1.08 cm (900 g/m.sup.2). Then irrigate to moisten the straw. On the third day after straw covering, 10 kg of urea and 40 kg of compound fertilizer (including N+P.sub.2O.sub.5+K.sub.2O) were applied per 666.7 m.sup.2 paddy field, and then the germinated rice seeds were sown. No herbicides are used. Otherwise the paddy fields are managed according to conventional methods. The area of each treatment plot was 12 m.sup.2, and the following 5 treatments were set up, each repeated 3 times. The rice variety is Xiushui 134, and the main control objects are barnyardgrass, chinese sprangletop, climbing seedbox, sheathed Monochoria, pygmy arrowhead, eared redstem, manyflower Ammannia, difformed galingale, miliumlike Fimbristylis, indian Rotala, procumbent falsepimperne, yerbadetajo and etc.

[0249] Treatment 1. Sow rice 3 days after oilseed rape straw (300 g/m.sup.2) covering.

[0250] Treatment 2. Sow rice 3 days after oilseed rape straw (500 g/m.sup.2) covering.

[0251] Treatment 3. Sow rice 3 days after oilseed rape straw (700 g/m.sup.2) covering.

[0252] Treatment 4. Sow rice 3 days after oilseed rape straw (900 g/m.sup.2) covering.

[0253] CK. Blank Control.

[0254] 20 days after rice sowing, 3 points on the diagonal line of each plot were selected to investigate the number of rice plants, and the area of each point was 0.25 m.sup.2 (50*50 cm).

[0255] 40 days after sowing of rice, 3 points on the diagonal line of each plot were selected, with the area of each point 0.25 m.sup.2 (50*50 cm), to investigate the number of surviving weeds and the fresh weight of the shoots, and calculate the weed density reduction and weed fresh biomass reduction.

[0256] The specific results are shown in Table 7 and Table 8.

[0257] From the results in Table 7, it can be seen by the investigation on 20 days after rice sowing that the oilseed rape straw covering of 300, 500, 700 and 900 g/m.sup.2 before rice seeding has little effect on the emergence of rice, and the survival rate of rice is equivalent to 94.1% or more of the control. And different amounts of oilseed rape straw covering had no obvious adverse effects on the plant height and tillering of rice seedlings. This shows that it is feasible to cover with oilseed rape straw (300˜900 g/m.sup.2) before sowing, which is safe for the emergence of rice and the growth of seedlings.

[0258] The results are shown in Table 8. For oilseed rape straw covering of 300, 500, 700 and 900 g/m.sup.2 before rice seeding, the control efficacy on weeds in paddy field, investigated 40 days after rice sowing, is increased with the increase of the amount of oilseed rape straw. The control efficacy of oilseed rape straw covering of 300, 500, 700 and 900 g/m.sup.2 was ideal, and the weed density reduction was 80.9%, 90.3%, 97.3 and 98.1%, respectively, and the weed fresh biomass reduction was 84.7%, 91.0%, 98.4% and 98.9%, respectively. This shows that oilseed rape straw covering before rice seeding can effectively control the harmful effects of weeds in paddy fields.

TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 Effects of sowing after covering with different amounts of oilseed rape straw on the emergence of direct seeding rice (20 days after sowing) Number of Percentage rice plants compared Test (plant/ with that group 0.25 m.sup.2) of CK (%) Treatment 1 33.3 99.0 Treatment 2 33.0 98.0 Treatment 3 32.0 95.0 Treatment 4 31.7 94.1 CK 33.7 100.0

TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 8 Control efficacy of sowing after covering with different oilseed rape straw on weeds in direct seeding paddy field (40 days after sowing of rice) Weed Number Weed Fresh fresh of weeds density weight biomass Test (plant/ reduction of weeds reduction group 0.25 m.sup.2) (%) (g/0.25 m.sup.2) (%) Treatment 1 47.3 80.9 48.4 84.7 Treatment 2 24.0 90.3 28.4 91.0 Treatment 3 6.7 97.3 5.2 98.4 Treatment 4 4.7 98.1 3.4 98.9 CK 248.3 317.0

[0259] In order to illustrate that the present invention can be applied to the above-mentioned target plants and control the above-mentioned weeds, the comparison of the planting for 26 species of target plants and weed control efficacy carried out by the method of the present invention is shown in Table 9:

TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 9 Comparison of planting for 26 species of target plants and weed control efficacy Target plant survival rate (%) Erect Green stem manure Painful Stolon plant plant Oil plant plant plant material material Soy plant material material material Potato Chinese material oilseed Cereals plant material Sweet Peanut stems milk vetch Comparative Planting target Soybean rape Maize Wheat Rice Potato above and stem and example plant species straw straw straw straw straw Vine ground leaves leaf flower Soil Grain and Rice 81.7 93.2 82.5 93.7 80.4 83.6 84.1 82.5 85.7 95.2 Oil Crops Wheat 87.5 96.8 90.1 91.4 90.5 86.7 86.2 84.7 89.9 96.7 Barley 85.4 96.5 92.6 92.1 90.4 89.4 88.7 86.6 89.4 96.3 Maize 85.1 84.6 81.3 84.1 82.4 80.1 84.6 79.3 78.4 97.3 Soybean 70.4 70.8 72.6 73.8 76.9 69.4 68.4 70.1 71.2 91.8 Green bean 85.1 89.6 82.5 88.7 89.4 86.7 88.8 85.4 83.2 92.5 oilseed rape 90.4 95.6 94.5 94.1 93.4 92.1 90.1 91.2 90.4 95.2 Peanut 73.2 76.1 76.4 78.5 79.4 69.4 68.5 66.9 70.5 89.7 Vegetable Chinese cabbage 94.8 95.3 92.7 93.4 91.5 90.8 93.4 93.8 92.7 94.3 crops Kale 92.8 90.4 91.5 92.1 90.8 91.1. 92.2 90.8 90.3 92.5 Mustard 92.1 91.8 93.7 92.5 92.6 93.4 92.9 93.0 91.8 93.4 Lettuce 93.1 94.2 94.4 93.1 94.1 90.3 92.1 93.4 92.2 94.5 Radish 92.4 95.1 93.1 93.1 89.7 92.5 91.7 93.2 95.2 96.8 Tomato 92.5 91.8 93.0 91.6 92.3 92.4 90.1 90.8 89.2 93.1 Eggplant 90.1 89.5 93.1 90.3 91.5 89.4 88.5 89.4 85.7 93.0 Pumpkin 75.2 79.4 85.4 80.5 89.3 81.4 80.2 79.2 81.2 92.2 Cucumber 79.6 85.4 81.9 82.3 81.8 80.5 78.6 75.4 77.9 91.9 Fruit Watermelon 82.1 83.1 80.1 81.4 85.9 88.4 80.1 79.2 74.6 93.5 Orange 69.1 67.8 76.4 66.2 70.5 56.4 58.2 29.4 31.2 84.2 Sugar cane 85.1 80.2 85.1 79.3 76.2 75.1 70.4 76.3 77.1 90.2 Lawn Manila 75.2 71.5 79.4 70.3 69.5 68.4 65.1 76.3 71.5 80.4 Chinese Corydalis 80.3 79.5 83.1 83.1 86.1 80.8 78.4 76.1 79.0 89.4 traditional yanhusuo medicinal crops nursery Camphor 79.3 72.0 80.4 69.3 60.2 53.1 49.3 53.8 44.8 82.1 stock Flowers Chrysanthemum 85.1 79.3 87.1 76.1 72.4 73.6 71.5 69.3 67.5 87.5 Fiber plant Cotton 85.7 88.9 88.2 80.2 85.4 86.5 79.3 78.8 80.0 90.4 Forage Ryegrass 95.2 93.4 98.4 90.2 92.1 88.7 85.1 89.9 86.7 98.7 plants Weed density reduction of 95.2 96.3 98.7 98.9 97.5 95.6 95.8 96.7 95.3 0 21 weeds in total (%)* Note 1*: The 21 weeds tested included: crab grass, green foxtail, goosegrass, barnyardgrass, chinese sprangletop, difformed galingale, rice galingale, miliumlike fimbristylis, flatstalk bulrush, rush-like bulrush, eared redstem, climbing seedbox, yerbadetajo, redroot amaranth, lambsquarters, small goosefoot, indian rotala, japanese mazus, common day flower, sheathed monochoria, canada goldenrod. Note 2: All experiments in Table 9 were pot experiments under natural lighting conditions in greenhouses, the carrier was soil, and 21 kinds of weed seeds such as barnyardgrass, chinese sprangletop, eared redstem, climbing seedbox, difformed galingale were broadcasted on soil. The plant materials for covering were 9 kinds of plant materials such as un-dried oilseed rape straw with the average length of plant material of 1 cm. For each plant material, the survival rate of 26 target plants and weed control efficacy for 21 weeds was tested. The covering thickness of plant material is 0.6 cm, and the plant material layer was kept soaked in water for 3 days. Then, the water content of the plant material layer was kept to 100% of its saturated water content, and 26 target plants seeds such as rice were direct seeded on the surface of the plant material layer. After rice was planted, the water content of the plant material layer was maintained to 100% of its saturated water content. After the dryland plants are planted, the plant material is maintained at 40%~100% of its saturated water content, after the target plant root system penetrates down the plant material layer, the water content of the plant material is maintained at 10%~80% of its saturated water content. The survival rate of the target plants and weed control efficacy were investigated 21 days after planting the target plants.

[0260] The survival rate of 26 target plants in soil was tested in comparative examples.

[0261] In the process of planting the target plant in the present invention, a substance that can provide the nutrients required for the growth of the target plant is applied, which is referred to as “plant nutrition” for short. The methods of applying plant nutrition include but are not limited to applying below the plant material layer, in the middle of the plant material layer or mixing with the plant material layer, applying on the plant material layer, or mixing with the reproductive organs or roots of the target plant.

[0262] Further, the dosage of applying the plant nutrition as described above is mainly considered in combination with two factors. On one hand, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the plant material is considered. A carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N) of the plant material of 25:1 is more favorable for the microorganisms to decompose the plant material. If the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the plant material layer is too high, it is unfavorable for microorganisms to decompose the plant material, and the microorganisms will utilize nitrogen in the soil, thereby affecting the growth of target plants. In view of the fact that the carbon-nitrogen ratio of most of the plant materials is too high, when the covering thickness of the plant material layer is 0.5 cm, nitrogen should be supplemented for every 666.7 m.sup.2, which is equivalent to 10˜20 kg of urea, when the covering thickness of the plant material layer increases, the nitrogen that needs to be supplemented increases correspondingly.

[0263] On the other hand, the nutrients required for the early growth of the target plants is considered. The plant nutrients need to be supplemented before and/or after the target plants are planted, and 20˜80 kg of compound fertilizer (N+P.sub.2O.sub.5+K.sub.2O≥45%) should be applied per 666.7 m.sup.2 area.

[0264] The above field test results show that the oilseed rape straw covering before direct seeding of rice in the present invention is safe for the emergence of rice and the growth of seedlings (the survival rate of seedlings is high), and can effectively control the harm of weeds in rice fields, which is an ideal new method for controlling weeds in paddy fields.

[0265] In order to compare the comprehensive efficacy of the present invention and the prior art, a large-scale test of 666.7 m.sup.2 field was carried out. A comprehensive comparison between the present invention and the prior art is listed below, see Table 10.

TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 10 Comparison of comprehensive effects between the present invention and the prior art Comparative Example 12: Example 43 Method for controlling weeds in paddy The target plant is planted on the surface field by mulching oilseed rape straw of the plant material layer (refer to chinese patent CN 106342612A) Dosage of plant material The oilseed rape straw fragments with the The oilseed rape straw fragments with the longest side of about 1 cm are used for longest side of about 1 cm are used for the covering thickness of about 7.5 mm. the mulching thickness of about 7.5 mm. Do not have to be dried. Must be dried. Preliminary preparation and After the oilseed rape is harvested, the After the oilseed rape is harvested, plant material broadcasting straw and weeds are directly crushed and mechanical methods are used to remove broadcasted on the field on-site. Use the weeds already in the field. The straw mechanical methods to remove existing is removed from the field, transported to weeds in the field, and then irrigate to other places, dried for several days, keep the straw moist. crushed and bagged, and stored for 5 to 12 days, 4~7 days after the rice is planted, the straw will be artificially broadcasted to the paddy field. Rice cultivation No-tillage, direct seeding on the surface No-tillage, direct seeding on soil surface of the plant material layer 3 days after plant material covering Rice survival rate (%, 7 days after 94.1 92.4 sowing) Weed density reduction 95.6 78.6 (%, 50 DAS) Rice yield (kg/666.7 m.sup.2) 632 576 Labor cost (yuan/666.7 m.sup.2) 1079 1619 (Straw bundling and handling, drying for several days, bagging after crushing, storage, and transporting back to the paddy field are about 3 more labors than the present invention. Calculated at 180 yuan per labor, the total increased cost is 540 yuan.) Overall comparison It is safe for rice, has ideal weeding It is somewhat safe for rice, and has efficacy, is easy to operate, saves farming somewhat ideal weeding efficacy, but the time and labor, increases production and operation is cumbersome, and the straw income, and has good benefits. The crushing and broadcasting cannot be harvester can be used to complete the completed in one step by a harvester, straw crushing and broadcasting in one which requires a lot of labor, high labor step, and the efficiency is further greatly costs, and unsatisfactory comprehensive improved, representing the future benefits. development direction of the deep integration of green planting technology and mechanization. The test results of the present invention to the survival rate of the target plant and the weed control efficacy are as follows: Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Example 44 45 46 47 48 49 Plant material Plant material oilseed oilseed oilseed oilseed maize soybean rape rape rape rape Average size of plant 3 2 2 1 1 3 material (cm) Covering 0.3 12 3 9 0.6 0.8 thickness(cm) covering period 30 days 30 days 20 days 20 days 10 days 10 days Water content during soak soak soak soak soak soak covering period Way of covering cover cover cover cover cover cover once once once once once once Water content infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated immediately before planting the crop Target plant lotus root lotus root lotus root lotus root Rice Rice Planting method direct direct direct direct direct direct seeding seeding seeding seeding seeding seeding Planting location on the on the in the in the on the on the surface of surface of material material surface of surface of the the layer layer the the material material material material layer layer layer layer Water content after 70% infiltrated 40% 100% 100% 100% planting Time to maintain 5 days 15 days 5 days 15 days 5 days 10 days water content after planting Survival state (10 days Survival rate (%) 93 24 70 45 91 93 after the target plant is planted) Weed control efficacy (30 Weed density 89 100 100 100 95 96 days after the target plant reduction (%) is planted) Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Example 50 51 52 53 54 55 Plant material Plant material Rice Wheat Maize Soybean Rice Wheat Average size of plant 2 1 2.5 1.5 0.5 0.2 material (cm) Covering 1.2 1 2.5 2.8 1.2 2.4 thickness(cm) covering period 8 days 8 days 10 days 10 days 8 days 8 days Water content during soak soak soak soak soak soak covering period Way of covering cover cover cover cover cover cover once once once once once once Water content infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated immediately before planting the crop Target plant Rice Manchurian Manchurian Manchurian Manchurian Manchurian wild wild wild wild wild rice rice rice rice rice (water (water (water (water (water bamboo) bamboo) bamboo) bamboo) bamboo) Planting method direct direct direct direct direct direct seeding seeding seeding seeding seeding seeding Planting location on the on the In the In the In the In the surface of surface of material material material material the the layer layer layer layer material material layer layer Water content after infiltrated infiltrated 80% 80% 100% 100% planting Time to maintain 5 days 10 days 5 days 10 days 5 days 10 days water content after planting Survival state (10 days Survival rate (%) 91 92 76 75 93 75 after the target plant is planted) Weed density 100 100 100 100 100 100 Weed control efficacy (30 reduction (%) days after the target plant is planted) Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Example 56 57 58 59 60 61 Plant Plant material oilseed oilseed oilseed oilseed rice wheat material rape rape rape rape Average size of plant 3 2 2 1 3 2 material (cm) Covering thickness (cm) 0.3 12 3 9 0.6 2.5 Water content during soak soak soak soak soak soak covering period Way of covering cover cover cover once cover cover cover once once once once once covering period 30 days 30 days 20 days 20 days 15 days 15 days Water content immediately infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated before planting the crop Target plant Maize Maize Soybean Soybean Wheat Wheat Planting method direct direct direct direct direct direct seeding seeding seeding seeding seeding seeding Planting location on the on the In the In the on the on the surface surface of material material surface surface of the the layer layer of the of the material material material material layer layer layer layer Water content after 40% 100% 30% 90% 70% 100% planting Water content after 10%  80% 10% 70% 30%  80% penetrating the material layer Time to maintain water 5 days 15 days 9 days 8 days 5 days 15 days content after planting Survival state Survival rate (%) 90 23 75 18 85 75 (10 days after the target plant is planted) Weed control Weed density 90 100 100 100 97 100 efficacy (30 reduction (%) days after the target plant is planted) Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Example 62 63 64 65 66 67 Plant material Plant material Maize Soybean Rice Wheat Maize Soybean Average size of plant 1 3 2 1 2.2 2.8 material (cm) Covering thickness 2 1.8 1.2 1 1.2 0.8 (cm) covering period 10 days 10 days 8 days 8 days 7 days 7 days Water content during soak soak soak soak soak soak covering period Way of covering cover cover cover cover cover cover once once once once once once Water content infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated immediately before planting the crop Target plant oilseed oilseed Chinese Chinese watermel orchid rape rape cabbage cabbage on Planting method direct direct direct direct direct direct seeding seeding seeding seeding seeding seeding Planting location in the in the on the on the in the in the material material surface of surface of material material layer layer the the layer layer material material layer layer Water content after 30% 90% 70% 100% 30% 90% planting Water content after 20% 70% 30%  80% 20% 70% penetrating the material layer Time to maintain 10 days 8 days 5 days 15 days 9 days 12 days water content after planting Survival state (10 days Survival rate (%) 76 77 83 86 86 82 after the target plant is planted) Weed control efficacy (30 Weed density 100 100 98 97 99 96 days after the target plant is reduction (%) planted) Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Example 68 69 70 71 72 73 Plant material Plant material oilseed oilseed sweet oilseed oilseed oilseed rape rape potato rape rape rape Average size of plant 3 2 1 3 2 1 material (cm) Covering thickness (cm) 0.3 12 8 7 0.6 2.5 covering period 30 days 30 days 25 days 25 days 20 days 20 days Water content during soak soak soak soak soak soak covering period Way of covering cover cover cover once cover cover cover once once once once once Water content immediately infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated before planting the crop Target plant rice rice Manchurian Manchurian Manchurian Manchurian wild rice wild rice wild rice wild rice (water (water (water (water bamboo) bamboo) bamboo) bamboo) Planting method transplanting transplanting transplanting transplanting seedling throwing placing seedling Planting location on the on the in the in the on the on the surface of surface of material material surface surface the the layer layer of the of the material material material material layer layer layer layer Water content after 70% 4~5 cm 50% 4~5 cm 1~2 cm 3~4 cm planting depth of depth of depth of depth of water water water water level level level level Water content after 30% 7~8 cm 20% 5~6 cm 2~3 cm 4~5 cm 4 days depth of depth of depth of depth of water water water water level level level level Survival state(10 Survival rate (%) 96 21 56 62 95 87 days after the target plant is planted) Weed control Weed density 86 100 100 100 96 100 efficacy (30 days reduction (%) after the target plant is planted) Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Example 74 75 76 77 78 79 Plant material Plant material rice wheat maize soybean rice wheat Average size of plant 2.2 2.8 1.8 1.6 1.2 0.8 material (cm) Covering thickness 1.8 2 1.2 0.8 1.2 0.8 (cm) covering period 15 days 15 days 10 days 10 days 8 days 8 days Water content during soak soak soak soak soak soak covering period Way of covering cover cover cover cover cover cover once once once once once once Water content infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated immediately before planting the crop Target plant rice rice Manchurian Manchurian Manchurian Manchurian wild wild wild wild rice rice rice rice (water ( water (water (water bamboo) bamboo) bamboo) bamboo) Planting method transplanting transplanting transplanting transplanting seedling throwing placing seedling Planting location in the in the on the on the in the in the material material surface of surface of material material layer layer the the layer layer material material layer layer Water content after 1~2 cm 3~4 cm 1~2 cm 3~4 cm 1~2 cm 1~3 cm planting depth of depth of depth of depth of depth of depth of water water water water water water level level level level level level Water content after 5 2~3 cm 4~5 cm 2~3 cm 4~5 cm 2~3 cm 4~5 cm days depth of depth of depth of depth of depth of depth of water water water water water water level level level level level level Survival state (10 days after Survival rate (%) 84 86 92 92 91 92 the target plant is planted) Weed control efficacy (30 Weed density 100 100 100 98 100 96 days after the target plant is reduction (%) planted) Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Example 80 81 82 83 84 85 Plant material Plant material oilseed oilseed oilseed Peanut oilseed oilseed rape rape rape rape rape Average size of plant 3 2 1 3 2 1 material (cm) Covering thickness 0.3 12 8 7 0.6 2.5 (cm) covering period 30 days 30 days 25 days 25 days 20 days 20 days Water content during soak soak soak soak soak soak covering period Way of covering cover cover cover cover cover cover once once once once once once Water content infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated immediately before planting the crop Target plant maize maize soybean soybean wheat wheat Planting method transplanting transplanting transplanting transplanting seedling throwing placing seedling Planting location on the on the in the in the on the on the surface of surface of material material surface of surface of the the layer layer the the material material material material layer layer layer layer Water content after 100% 1~2 cm 50% 100% 100% 1~2 cm planting depth of depth of water water level level Water content after 8  30% 90% 30%  80%  30% 90% days Survival state (10 days after Survival rate (%) 96 34 43 56 94 78 the target plant is planted) Weed control efficacy (30 Weed density 88 100 100 100 96 100 days after the target plant is reduction (%) planted) Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Example 86 87 88 89 90 91 Plant material Plant material rice wheat maize soybean rice wheat Average size of plant 2.2 2.8 1.8 1.6 1.2 0.8 material (cm) Covering thickness 1.8 2 1.2 0.8 1.2 0.8 (cm) covering period 15 days 15 days 10 days 10 days 8 days 8 days Water content during soak soak soak soak soak soak covering period Way of covering cover cover cover cover cover cover once once once once once once Water content infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated immediately before planting the crop Target plant oilseed oilseed chinese chinese watermelon orchid rape rape cabbage cabbage Planting method transplanting transplanting transplanting transplanting seedling throwing placing seedling Planting location in the in the on the on the in the in the material material surface of surface of material material layer layer the the layer layer material material layer layer Water content after 50% 100% 100% 1~2 cm 50% 100% planting depth of water level Water content after 8 30%  80%  30% 90% 30%  80% days Survival state (10 days after Survival rate (%) 79 82 90 92 91 90 the target plant is planted) Weed control efficacy (30 Weed density 100 100 100 98 100 95 days after the target plant is reduction (%) planted) Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Example 92 93 94 95 96 97 Plant material Plant material oilseed oilseed oilseed oilseed potato oilseed rape rape rape rape rape Average size of plant 3 2 1 3 2 1 material (cm) Covering thickness 0.3 12 8 7 0.6 2.5 (cm) covering period 30 days 30 days 25 days 25 days 20 days 20 days Water content during soak soak soak soak soak soak covering period Way of covering cover cover cover cover cover cover once once once once once once Water content infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated immediately before planting the crop Target plant rice rice rice rice rice rice Planting method direct direct direct direct direct direct seeding seeding seeding seeding seeding seeding Planting location on the on the in the in the on the on the surface of surface of material material surface of surface of the the layer layer the the material material material material layer layer layer layer Water content after 100% infiltrated 70% 100% 100% infiltrated planting Time to maintain 5 8 5 8 5 8 water content after planting Survival state (10 days after Survival rate (%) 92 21 26 30 92 78 the target plant is planted) Weed control efficacy (30 Weed density 89 100 100 100 95 100 days after the target plant is reduction (%) planted) Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Example 98 99 100 101 102 103 Plant material Plant material rice wheat maize soybean rice wheat Average size of plant 2.2 2.8 1.8 1.6 1.2 0.8 material (cm) Covering thickness 0.6 2.5 1.2 0.8 1.2 0.8 (cm) covering period 15 days 15 days 10 days 10 days 8 days 8 days Water content during soak soak soak soak soak soak covering period Way of covering cover cover cover cover cover cover once once once once once once Water content infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated immediately before planting the crop Target plant rice rice rice rice rice rice Planting method direct direct direct direct direct direct seeding seeding seeding seeding seeding seeding Planting location in the in the on the on the on the on the material material surface of surface of surface of surface of layer layer the the the the material material material material layer layer layer layer Water content after 80% 100% 100% infiltrated 80% 100% planting Time to maintain 5 days 8 days 5 days 8 days 5 days 8 days water content affer planting Survival state (10 days after Survival rate (%) 91 79 91 92 90 92 the target plant is planted) Weed control efficacy (30 Weed density 95 100 100 96 100 91 days after the target plant is reduction (%) planted) Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Example 104 105 106 107 108 109 Plant material Plant material oilseed oilseed oilseed oilseed oilseed oilseed rape rape rape rape rape rape Average size of plant 3 2 1 3 2 1 material (cm) Covering thickness 0.3 12 8 7 0.6 2.5 (cm) covering period 30 days 30 days 25 days 25 days 20 days 20 days Water content during soak soak soak soak soak soak covering period Way of covering cover cover cover cover cover cover once once once once once once Water content infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated immediately before planting the crop Target plant rice rice rice rice rice rice Planting method transplanting transplanting transplanting transplanting seedling throwing placing seedling Planting location on the on the in the in the on the on the surface of surface of material material surface of surface of the the layer layer the the material material material material layer layer layer layer Water content after 70% 4~5 cm 50% 4~5 cm 1~2 cm 2~3 cm planting depth of depth of depth of depth of water water water water level level level level Water content after 6 30% 7~8 cm 20% 5~6 cm 2~3 cm 4~5 cm days of planting depth of depth of depth of depth of water water water water level level level level Survival state (10 days after Survival rate (%) 89 21 24 28 90 78 the target plant is planted) Weed control efficacy (30 Weed density 88 100 100 100 95 100 days after the target plant is reduction (%) planted) Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Example 110 111 112 113 114 115 Plant material Plant material rice wheat maize soybean rice wheat Average size of plant 2.2 2.8 1.8 1.6 1.2 0.8 material (cm) Covering 0.6 2.5 1.2 0.8 1.2 0.8 thickness(cm) covering period 15 days 15 days 10 days 10 days 8 days 8 days Water content during soak soak soak soak soak soak covering period Way of covering cover cover cover cover cover cover once once once once once once Water content infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated immediately before planting the crop Target plant rice rice rice rice rice rice Planting method transplanting transplanting transplanting transplanting seedling throwing placing seedling Planting location in the in the on the on the on the on the material material surface of surface of surface of surface of layer layer the the the the material material material material layer layer layer layer Water content after 1~2 cm 3~4 cm 1~2 cm 3~4 cm 1~2 cm 2~3 cm planting depth of depth of depth of depth of depth of depth of water water water water water water level level level level level level Water content after 5 2~3 cm 4~5 cm 2~3 cm 4~5 cm 2~3 cm 4~5 cm days depth of depth of depth of depth of depth of depth of water water water water water water level level level level level level Survival state (10 days after Survival rate (%) 92 82 91 93 92 91 the target plant is planted) Weed control efficacy (30 Weed density 95 100 100 98 100 96 days after the target plant is reduction (%) planted) Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Example 116 117 118 119 120 121 Plant material Plant material oilseed oilseed oilseed rice wheat maize rape rape rape Average size of plant 3 2 1 3 2 1 material (cm) Covering thickness 0.3 0.3 12 12 12 0.6 (cm) The first coverage as 80% 90% 30% 50% 70% 80% a percentage of the total mass covering period 30 days 30 days 25 days 25 days 20 days 20 days Water content during soak soak soak soak soak soak covering period Way of covering cover cover cover cover cover cover twice twice twice twice twice twice Water content infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated immediately before planting the crop Target plant rice rice rice rice rice rice Planting method direct direct direct direct direct direct seeding seeding seeding seeding seeding seeding Planting location on the on the in the in the on the on the surface of surface of material material surface of surface of the the layer layer the the material material material material layer layer layer layer Water content after 70% 4~5 cm 50% 4~5 cm 1~2 cm 3~4 cm planting depth of depth of depth of depth of water water water water level level level level Water content after 8 30% 7~8 cm 20% 5~6 cm 2~3 cm 4~5 cm days of planting depth of depth of depth of depth of water water water water level level level level Survival state (10 days after Survival rate (%) 93 94 23 26 29 90 the target plant is planted) Weed control efficacy (30 Weed density 88 87 100 100 100 96 days after the target plant is reduction (%) planted) Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Example 122 123 124 125 126 127 Plant material Plant material oilseed oilseed oilseed soybean rice wheat rape rape rape Average size of plant 2.2 2.8 1.8 1.6 1.2 0.8 material (cm) Covering thickness 0.6 2.5 2.5 2.5 1.2 1.2 (cm) The first coverage as 90% 30% 50% 70% 40% 95% a percentage of the total mass covering period 30 days 30 days 25 days 25 days 20 days 20 days Water content during soak soak soak soak soak soak covering period Way of covering cover cover cover cover cover cover twice twice twice twice twice twice Water content infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated immediately before planting the crop Target plant rice rice rice rice rice rice Planting method transplanting transplanting transplanting transplanting seedling throwing placing seedling Planting location in the in the on the on the on the on the material material surface of surface of surface of surface of layer layer the the the the material material material material layer layer layer layer Water content after 1~2 cm 3~4 cm 1~2 cm 3~4 cm 1~2 cm 2~3 cm planting depth of depth of depth of depth of depth of depth of water water water water water water level level level level level level Water content after 8 2~3 cm 4~5 cm 2~3 cm 4~5 cm 1~2 cm 4~5 cm days of planting depth of depth of depth of depth of depth of depth of water water water water water water level level level level level level Survival state (10 days after Survival rate (%) 92 86 82 78 91 90 the target plant is planted) Weed control efficacy (30 Weed density 95 100 100 100 100 100 days after the target plant is reduction (%) planted) Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Example 128 129 130 131 132 133 Plant material Plant material oilseed oilseed oilseed rice wheat maize rape rape rape Average size of plant 2.8 2.4 1.9 1.6 1.1 0.5 material (cm) Covering thickness 0.3 12 0.7 0.9 0.6 2.5 (cm) covering period 10 days 8 days 8 days 6 days 15 days 15 days Water content during 40% 80% soak 60% soak 20% covering period Way of covering cover cover cover cover cover cover once once once once once once Water content infiltrated infiltrated 30% 70% 100% 100% immediately before planting the crop Target plant rice maize rice soybean rice Chinese cabbage Planting method direct direct direct transplanting throwing transplanting seeding seeding seeding seedling Planting location on the on the in the in the on the on the surface of surface of material material surface of surface of the the layer layer the the material material material material layer layer layer layer Water content after 70% 100% 50% 60% 80% 80% planting Plant nutrition (g/m.sup.2) urea 20 urea 200 urea 30 urea 40 urea 25 urea 90 Applying timing of 1 days 15 days 3 days 10 days 7 days 5 days plant nutrients after after after after after after planting planting planting planting planting planting the target the target the target the target the target the target plant plant plant plant plant plant Survival state (10 days after Survival rate (%) 37 78 79 92 93 82 the target plant is planted) Weed control efficacy (30 Weed density 89 100 97 98 95 100 days after the target plant is reduction (%) planted) Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Example 134 135 136 137 138 139 Plant material Plant material oilseed oilseed oilseed rice wheat maize rape rape rape Average size of plant 2.8 2.4 1.9 1.6 1.1 0.5 material (cm) Covering 0.3 12 0.7 0.9 0.6 2.5 thickness(cm) covering period 10 days 8 days 8 days 6 days 15 days 15 days Water content during 10% 50% 100% 70% infiltrated 30% covering period Way of covering cover cover cover cover cover cover once once once once once once Water content 50% 70% 100% infiltrated soak 80% immediately before planting the crop Target plant rice maize rice white rice Cucumber gourd Planting method direct direct direct transplanting transplanting transplanting seeding seeding seeding Planting location on the on the in the in the on the on the surface of surface of material material surface of surface of the the layer layer the the material material material material layer layer layer layer Water content after 70% 100% 50% 0~1 cm 0~1 cm 90% planting depth of depth of water water level level Plant nutrition — — urea 30 — — urea 90 Application timing of — — 5 days — — 8 days plant nutrients after after planting planting the target the target plant plant Survival state (10 days after Survival rate (%) 78 23 91 92 92 76 the target plant is planted) Weed control efficacy (30 Weed density 88 100 97 97 97 100 days after the target plant is reduction (%) planted) Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Comparative example 13 14 15 16 17 18 Plant material Plant material oilseed oilseed oilseed oilseed oilseed oilseed rape rape rape rape rape rape Average size of plant 3 3 3 3 3 3 material (cm) Covering thickness 20 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 (cm) covering period 30 days 30 days 30 days 30 days 30 days 30 days Water content during soak soak soak 10% soak soak covering period Way of covering cover cover cover cover cover cover once once once once once once Water content infiltrated infiltrated 10% infiltrated infiltrated infiltrated immediately before planting the crop Target plant rice rice rice rice rice rice Planting method direct direct direct direct direct direct seeding seeding seeding seeding seeding seeding Planting location on the on the on the on the on the on the surface of surface of surface of surface of surface of surface the the the the the of the material material material material material material layer layer layer layer layer layer Water content after 70% 10% 70% 70% 70% 70% planting Time to maintain 5 days 5 days 5 days 5 days 2 days 5 days water content after planting Survival state (10 days Survival rate (%) 0 5 9 18 8 87 after the target plant is planted) Weed control efficacy (30 Weed density 100 25 50 45 65 43 days after the target plant is reduction (%) planted) Note 1: The tested seven main weeds in the paddy fields include: barnyardgrass, chinese sprangletop, difformed galingale, rice galingale, eared redstem, climbing seedbox, yerbadetajo. Note 2: The pot experiment was carried out under natural light conditions in the greenhouse, the carrier was soil, the plant material was dry oilseed rape straw with an average length of 1 cm, and weed seeds were sprinkled on the soil surface.

[0266] Example 44 to Example 139 and Comparative Example 13 to Comparative Example 17: first place the plant material and then plant the target plant;

[0267] Comparative example 18 refers to the conditions of Chinese Patent CN106342612A, which firstly plants rice, and then broadcasts the plant material, and do not control the water content of the plant material after the broadcasting.

[0268] For the target plants planted in Examples 44˜139, the height of the initial stem-root differentiation point of the plant is greater than 2 mm.

[0269] Finally, it should also be noted that the above enumeration is only a specific Example of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above Examples, and many modifications are possible. All deformations that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from the disclosure of the present invention shall be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

[0270] The above are only preferred Examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any other form, and any modifications or equivalent changes made according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.