Hand-held power tool

Abstract

A hand-held power tool, which has a pneumatic impact mechanism with an impact piston that is able to be moved back and forth along a working axis in a guide tube by a pneumatic spring, is characterized in that a cylindrical surface of the impact piston has a plurality of cutouts that are distributed in the circumferential direction, and the cutouts take up at least 30%, at least 50% and/or at least 70% of the circumference of the cylindrical surface of the impact piston.

Claims

1-13. (canceled)

14. A hand-held power tool comprising: a pneumatic impact mechanism having an impact piston movable back and forth along a working axis in a guide tube via a pneumatic spring, a cylindrical surface of the impact piston having a plurality of cutouts distributed in the circumferential direction, and the cutouts taking up at least 30% of a circumference of the cylindrical surface of the impact piston.

15. The hand-held power tool as recited in claim 14 wherein the plurality of cutouts take up at least 50% of the circumference.

16. The hand-held power tool as recited in claim 15 wherein the plurality of cutouts take up at least 70% of the circumference.

17. The hand-held power tool as recited in claim 14 wherein the cylindrical surface of the impact piston has at least one guide ring face and the cutouts take up at least 30% of the guide ring face.

18. The hand-held power tool as recited in claim 17 wherein the plurality of cutouts take up at least 50% of the guide ring face.

19. The hand-held power tool as recited in claim 18 wherein the plurality of cutouts take up at least 70% of the guide ring face.

20. The hand-held power tool as recited in claim 14 wherein the cutouts are distributed uniformly in the circumferential direction.

21. The hand-held power tool as recited in claim 14 wherein the cutouts have an elongate shape extending parallel to the working axis.

22. The hand-held power tool as recited in claim 14 wherein cutouts are recesses, hollows, facets or flats.

23. The hand-held power tool as recited in claim 14 wherein the cutouts are produced by machining.

24. The hand-held power tool as recited in claim 14 wherein the machined cutouts are produced by grinding, milling or a faceting cut.

25. The hand-held power tool as recited in claim 14 wherein the cutouts are produced by a non-cutting deformation.

26. The hand-held power tool as recited in claim 14 wherein the cutouts are knurls produced by knurling and subsequent finish grinding.

27. The hand-held power tool as recited in claim 14 wherein the cylindrical surface of the impact piston has at least three of the plurality of cutouts in the circumferential direction.

28. The hand-held power tool as recited in claim 14 wherein the impact piston has: a first end face for receiving a pulse of an exciter; a second end face for emitting a pulse to a tool; and an annular groove, arranged next to the first end face, for receiving a sealing ring, the cylindrical surface of the impact piston having at least two guide ring faces arranged between the annular groove and the second end face and having the plurality of cutouts, a radially inwardly offset ring face being arranged between the at least two guide ring faces.

29. The hand-held power tool as recited in claim 28 wherein the cutouts take up at least 30% of each of the at least two guide ring faces.

30. The hand-held power tool as recited in claim 29 wherein the cutouts take up at least 50% of each of the at least two guide ring faces.

31. The hand-held power tool as recited in claim 30 wherein the cutouts take up at least 70% of each of the at least two guide ring faces.

32. The hand-held power tool as recited in claim 14 wherein the cylindrical surface of the impact piston is divided in the circumferential direction by the plurality of cutouts into a plurality of guide segments for guiding on an inner face of the guide tube.

33. The hand-held power tool as recited in claim 14 wherein the impact mechanism has an exciter piston movable back and forth periodically along the working axis in the guide tube by a motor of the hand-held power tool, wherein the impact piston is coupled to the exciter piston via the pneumatic spring so as to be movable along the working axis.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0042] The following description explains the invention with reference to exemplary embodiments and figures, in which:

[0043] FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a hammer drill;

[0044] FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a part of a pneumatic impact mechanism of the hammer drill from FIG. 1;

[0045] FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of an impact piston of the impact mechanism from FIG. 2 according to a first embodiment; and

[0046] FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of an impact piston of the impact mechanism from FIG. 2 according to a second embodiment.

[0047] Identical or functionally identical elements are indicated by the same reference signs in the figures, unless stated otherwise.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] FIG. 1 schematically shows a hammer drill 1 as an example of a striking or chiseling hand-held power tool. The hammer drill 1 has a tool fitting 2, in which a shaft end 3 of a tool, for example of a drill bit 4, can be inserted. A motor 5, which drives an impact mechanism 6 and a drive shaft 7, forms a primary drive of the hammer drill 1. A battery 8 or a power cord supplies the motor 5 with power. A user can hold and guide the hammer drill 1 by means of a handle 9. Furthermore, the user can put the hammer drill 1 into operation by means of a main switch 10. As a result of the main switch 10 being actuated, the drive shaft 7 coupled to the tool fitting 2 sets the tool fitting 2 into rotation about a working axis 11. As a result, the tool 4 is rotated about the working axis 11. During operation, in addition to the rotation about the working axis 11, the hammer drill 1 can strike the tool 4 into a substrate in a striking direction 12 along the working axis 11. In one exemplary embodiment, the hammer drill 1 has a mode selector switch (not shown), by way of which the tool fitting 2 can be uncoupled from the drive shaft 7 such that a purely striking/chiseling mode of the hammer drill 1 is possible.

[0049] The impact mechanism 6 is a pneumatic impact mechanism. An exciter piston 13 and an impact piston 14 are guided in movement along the working axis 11 in a guide tube 15 in the impact mechanism 6. The exciter piston 13 is coupled to the motor 5 via an eccentric 16 and forced to carry out a periodic, linear movement. A connecting rod 17 connects the eccentric 16 to the exciter piston 13. A pneumatic spring 18 formed by a pneumatic chamber 19 between the exciter piston 13 and the impact piston 14 couples a movement of the impact piston 14 to the movement of the exciter piston 13. The impact piston 14 strikes an anvil 20, which transfers the impact to the drill bit 4. The impact mechanism 6 and preferably the further drive components are arranged within a machine housing 21.

[0050] FIG. 2 shows a part of the impact mechanism 6 from FIG. 1 in an enlarged view. As can be seen in FIG. 2, the pneumatic chamber 19 of the pneumatic spring 18 is delimited by the exciter piston 13, the impact piston 14 and the guide tube 15. In particular, both the exciter piston 13 and the impact piston 14 are guided on an inner face 24 of the guide tube 15 and coaxially with the working axis 11. Furthermore, the impact piston 14 can be sealed off from the inner face 24 of the guide tube 15 by means of a preloaded O-ring 22 and the exciter piston 13 can be sealed off therefrom by means of a preloaded O-ring 23.

[0051] FIG. 3 shows the impact piston 14 in detail. The impact piston 14 has a substantially cylindrical shape 25 with a cylindrical surface 26, which is a lateral face of the cylindrical shape 25. The two base faces of the cylindrical shape 25 are formed by a pulse-receiving end face (first end face 27), which faces the exciter piston 13 and forms a boundary of the pneumatic chamber 19, and a pulse-emitting end face 28 (second end face 28), which strikes the anvil 20 (see also FIGS. 1 and 2).

[0052] As can be seen in FIG. 3, the impact piston 14 has an annular groove 29, arranged next to the first end face 27, for receiving the sealing ring 22 (FIG. 2).

[0053] The cylindrical surface 26 of the impact piston 14 has a plurality of cutouts 30 that are distributed in the circumferential direction U. In FIG. 3, for reasons of clarity, only some of the cutouts 30 have been provided with a reference numeral. By way of the cutouts 30, the cylindrical surface 26 is divided in the circumferential direction U into a plurality of guide segments 31 for guiding on the inner face 24 of the guide tube 15 (FIG. 2).

[0054] In particular, the cylindrical surface 26 of the impact piston 14 has two guide ring faces 32, 33 arranged between the annular groove 29 and the second end face 28. Each of the guide ring faces 32, 33 has the plurality of cutouts 30 that are distributed in the circumferential direction U and the guide segments 31 located in between. Between the guide ring faces 32, 33, the cylindrical surface 26 has a radially inwardly offset ring face 34. The radially inwardly offset ring face 34 does not itself have any cutouts and does not form a guide face for guiding on the inner face 24 of the guide tube 15.

[0055] Moreover, in the example of the impact piston 14 that is shown in FIG. 3, a further guide ring face 35 having cutouts 30 is arranged between the annular groove 29 and the first end face 27.

[0056] In the case of the impact piston 14 shown in FIG. 3, the guide segments 31 of the three guide ring faces 32, 33, 35 are guided on the inner face 24 of the guide tube 15. In particular, a gap 36 (see enlarged detail in FIG. 2) is located between the guide segments 31 of the three guide ring faces 32, 33, 35 and the inner face 24 of the guide tube 15. The gap 36 is filled with a lubricant.

[0057] In order to reduce shear friction of the lubricant between the impact piston 14 and the guide tube 15—in particular also at low temperatures, at which the lubricant is highly viscous and accordingly thick and sticky—the cylindrical surface 26 of the impact piston 14 has the cutouts 30. These cutouts 30 take up at least 30%, at least 50% and/or at least 70% of a circumference C (FIG. 3) of the cylindrical surface 26 of the impact piston 14. In particular the cutouts 30 take up at least 30%, at least 50% and/or at least 70% of the circumference C of the cylindrical surface 26 of the impact piston 14 at a particular axial position A1, A2 of a length L of the impact piston 14. In particular, the cutouts 30 take up at least 30%, at least 50% and/or at least 70% of each of the guide ring faces 32, 33, 35.

[0058] In the example shown in FIG. 3, the cutouts 30 are distributed uniformly in the circumferential direction U. In other examples, the cutouts 30 can also be distributed non-uniformly in the circumferential direction U.

[0059] In the example shown in FIG. 3, all the cutouts 30 in the guide ring face 32 have an elongate shape 37 extending parallel to the working axis 11, i.e. parallel to a longitudinal direction L of the impact piston 14. For reasons of clarity, only one of the elongate shapes 37 of the guide ring face 32 has been provided with a reference sign. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the cutouts 30 in the guide ring faces 33, 35 do not have an elongate shape extending parallel to the working axis 11. In other examples, the cutouts 30 in the guide ring faces 33, 35 can also have elongate shapes 37 or the cutouts 30 in the guide ring face 32 may also not have an elongate shape 37.

[0060] The cutouts 30 are in particular recesses or hollows, which are recessed radially inwardly from an imaginary closed rotationally symmetric cylinder shape. The cutouts 30 have been produced in particular by means of machining, in particular grinding, milling and/or a faceting cut. In other exemplary embodiments, the cutouts 30 can also have been produced by means of non-cutting deformation and/or by means of knurling and subsequent finish grinding.

[0061] FIG. 4 shows an impact piston 114 according to a second embodiment. In the following text, only those features of the impact piston 114 that differ from the impact piston 14 according to the first embodiment are described. A cylindrical surface 126 of the impact piston 114 has three guide ring faces 132, 138 and 133 arranged between an annular groove 129 and a second end face 128. Each of the guide ring faces 132, 138, 133 has a plurality of cutouts 130, 230, 330 that are distributed in the circumferential direction U and guide segments (without a reference numeral in FIG. 4) located in between. Between the guide ring faces 138 and 133, the cylindrical surface 126 has a radially inwardly offset ring face 134. The radially inwardly offset ring face 134 does not itself have any cutouts and does not form a guide face for guiding on the inner face 24 of the guide tube 15.

[0062] Moreover, in the example of the impact piston 114 that is shown in FIG. 4, a further guide ring face 135 having cutouts 430 is arranged between the annular groove 129 and a first end face 127.

[0063] In the case of the impact piston 114, the cutouts 130 in the guide ring face 132 are arranged in a manner offset in the circumferential direction U with respect to the cutouts 230 in the guide ring face 138. Furthermore, the cutouts 330 in the guide ring face 133 are arranged in a manner offset in the circumferential direction U with respect to the cutouts 430 in the guide ring face 135.

[0064] As a result of the offset arrangement of the cutouts 130 with respect to the cutouts 230 and of the cutouts 330 with respect to the cutouts 430, the impact piston 114 can be guided uniformly in the guide tube 15 in spite of the interruptions in the guide face that are created by the cutouts.

[0065] Moreover, the impact piston 114 can be produced particularly easily and cost-effectively by means of centerless grinding (through-feed grinding), since the cutouts 130, 230, 330, 430 are arranged such that the impact piston 114 can roll uniformly on a plane during production in spite of the cutouts 130, 230, 330, 430.

LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

[0066] 1 Hand-held power tool [0067] 2 Tool fitting [0068] 3 Shaft end [0069] 4 Tool [0070] 5 Motor [0071] 6 Impact mechanism [0072] 7 Drive shaft [0073] 8 Battery [0074] 9 Handle [0075] 10 Main switch [0076] 11 Working axis [0077] 12 Striking direction [0078] 13 Exciter [0079] 14 Impact piston [0080] 15 Guide tube [0081] 16 Eccentric [0082] 17 Connecting rod [0083] 18 Pneumatic spring [0084] 19 Pneumatic chamber [0085] 20 Anvil [0086] 21 Housing [0087] 22 Sealing ring [0088] 23 Sealing ring [0089] 24 Inner face [0090] 25 Cylindrical shape [0091] 26 Cylindrical surface [0092] 27 End face [0093] 28 End face [0094] 29 Annular groove [0095] 30 Cutout [0096] 31 Guide segment [0097] 32 Guide ring face [0098] 33 Guide ring face [0099] 34 Ring face [0100] 35 Guide ring face [0101] 36 Gap [0102] 37 Elongate shape [0103] 114 Impact piston [0104] 126 Cylindrical surface [0105] 128 Second end face [0106] 129 Annular groove [0107] 130 Cutout [0108] 132 Guide ring face [0109] 133 Guide ring face [0110] 134 Ring face [0111] 135 Guide ring face [0112] 138 Guide ring face [0113] 230 Cutout [0114] 330 Cutout [0115] 430 Cutout [0116] A1 Axial position [0117] A2 Axial position [0118] C Circumference [0119] U Circumferential direction [0120] L Length, longitudinal direction