Torque wrench which can be used as a ratchet

Abstract

A screw driving tool includes a torque output element which defines an axis and is mounted in a housing, a torque transmission section with a plurality of depressions, and a torque transmission element, which is pretensioned by the force of a force accumulator and engages into at least one of the depressions, for coupling the torque transmission section to the housing so as to transmit a torque. The coupling is released when the torque transmission element leaves the depression in an edge-controlled manner against the force of the force accumulator, which is adjustable by an adjustment device, when a limit torque is exceeded. A switchover element is movable from a release position into a blocking position and allows the torque transmission element to leave the depression in the release position but blocks the torque transmission element in the blocking position.

Claims

1. A screw driving tool comprising: a torque output element which defines an axis and is mounted in a housing, the torque output element including a toothing system, a torque transmission section with a plurality of depressions and a bearing recess, wherein the torque output element is rotatably coupled to the torque transmission section via a locking element which lies in said bearing recess of the torque transmission section and is configured to engage the toothing system by a force of a spring, a torque transmission element, which is pretensioned by a force of a force accumulator and engages in at least one depression of the plurality of depressions, for coupling the torque transmission section to the housing so as to transmit a torque, said coupling being released in response to the torque transmission element leaving the at least one depression in an edge-controlled manner against the force of the force accumulator when a torque limit is exceeded, the force accumulator being adjustable by an adjustment device, a ram arranged in a force transmission path between the torque transmission element and the force accumulator, and a switchover element, which is movable from a release position into a blocking position, wherein in the release position, the switchover element permits the ram to be movable and permits the torque transmission element to leave the at least one depression, wherein in the blocking position, the switchover element inhibits movement of the ram by interacting with at least one blocking element and blocks the torque transmission element from leaving the at least one depression when the torque limit is exceeded, and wherein the switchover element is a sleeve part guided displaceably on the housing.

2. The screw driving tool according to claim 1, wherein the switchover element is a sleeve part guided displaceably on the housing, which cooperates with the at least one blocking element.

3. The screw driving tool according to claim 2, wherein the at least one blocking element is mounted movably in a window of the housing.

4. The screw driving tool according to claim 3, wherein in the blocking position, the at least one blocking element is captured in a blocking recess of the ram.

5. The screw driving tool according to claim 4, wherein the at least one blocking element comprises a plurality of blocking elements, and wherein the ram comprises two, three, four, or more blocking recesses, the blocking recesses being arranged around a periphery of the ram, each blocking recess being configured to receive one of the blocking elements.

6. The screw driving tool according to claim 2, wherein the switchover element forms with a first section of its inner wall a bypass space for the at least one blocking element in the release position and forms with a second section of its inner wall an abutment edge for the at least one blocking element in the blocking position.

7. The screw driving tool according to claim 1, wherein the torque output element is arranged in a head formed by the housing, wherein a drive arm projects from the head, wherein a spring forming the force accumulator is arranged in the drive arm, which with interposition of the ram acts on the torque transmission element.

8. The screw driving tool according to claim 7, wherein the switchover element is linearly displaceable relative to a direction of extension of the drive arm between the blocking position and the release position.

9. The screw driving tool according to claim 1, wherein the depressions are formed by tooth gaps arranged between teeth.

10. The screw driving tool according to claim 9, wherein each depression is a trough and has a wall which extends in cross-section to the axis along a circular arc line.

11. The screw driving tool according to claim 10, wherein a radius of the trough corresponds to a radius of the torque transmission element constituted as a cylinder, wherein an arc length of the circular arc line is smaller than a quarter circle, wherein sections of the wall of each depression adjacent to the teeth form inclined edges, so as to guide the torque transmission element out of the depression.

12. A screw driving tool comprising: a torque output element which defines an axis and is mounted in a housing, a torque transmission section with a plurality of depressions, a torque transmission element, which is pretensioned by a force of a force accumulator and engages into at least one depression of the plurality of depressions, for coupling the torque transmission section to the housing so as to transmit a torque, said coupling being released in response to the torque transmission element leaving the at least one depression in an edge-controlled manner against the force of the force accumulator when a torque limit is exceeded, the force accumulator being adjustable by an adjustment device, and wherein the torque output element is rotatably coupled to the torque transmission section via a freewheel gear, wherein the torque transmission section includes a cavity in which the freewheel gear is positioned, the freewheel gear comprising a toothing system which is arranged on a perimeter of the torque output element and a locking element which lies in a bearing recess of the torque transmission section, and wherein the locking element is configured to engage the toothing system by a force of a spring, and a switchover element, which is movable from a release position into a blocking position, wherein the switchover element in the release position permits the torque transmission element to leave the at least one depression, and wherein the switchover element in the blocking position blocks the torque transmission element from leaving the at least one depression, and wherein the switchover element is a sleeve part guided displaceably on the housing, which cooperates with at least one blocking element.

13. The screw driving tool according to claim 12, wherein the torque output element is arranged in a head formed by the housing, wherein a drive arm projects from the head.

14. The screw driving tool according to claim 12, wherein the depressions are formed by tooth gaps arranged between teeth.

15. The screw driving tool according to claim 12, wherein each depression is a trough and has a wall which extends in cross-section to the axis along a circular arc line.

16. The screw driving tool according to claim 1, wherein the switchover element in the blocking position forces the at least one blocking element into at least one blocking recess formed in the ram and holds the at least one blocking element in the at least one blocking recess.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) An example of embodiment of the invention is explained below with the aid of the appended drawings. In the figures:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a perspective representation of a screw driving tool;

(3) FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the screw driving tool;

(4) FIG. 3 shows the view in the direction of arrow III in FIG. 2;

(5) FIG. 4 shows the cross-section through line IV-IV in FIG. 3;

(6) FIG. 5 shows the cross-section through line V-V in FIG. 3;

(7) FIG. 6 shows the cross-section through line VI-VI in FIG. 5;

(8) FIG. 7 shows the cross-section through line VII-VII in FIG. 3;

(9) FIG. 8 shows a representation according to FIG. 4, wherein however a torque transmission element 7 has come out of a depression 6 and runs over a tooth 15;

(10) FIG. 9 shows a representation according to FIG. 5, but in an operating position according to FIG. 8;

(11) FIG. 10 shows a representation according to FIG. 4, but with a switchover element 12 shifted from a release position into a blocking position;

(12) FIG. 11 shows a representation according to FIG. 5, but in the operating position represented in FIG. 10;

(13) FIG. 12 shows a cross-section through line XII-XII in FIG. 2 and

(14) FIG. 13 shows an exploded representation.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(15) The screw driving tool represented in the figures has a housing 1, which comprises a head 2 at a first end. Head 2 has a cavity, in which a rotatable body lies. The rotatable body is in several parts. It has a torque output element 4 with a polygonal cavity, in which an output peg fits, which is displaceable relative to axis of rotation A of torque output element 4, in order to project in each case with a polygonal section either on the one or the other broad side of the head.

(16) Torque output element 4 is coupled by a freewheel gear, which can be seen in FIG. 7, with a torque transmission section 5. Torque transmission section 5 has a cavity for this purpose, in which torque output element 4 fits. Torque output element 4 has an external toothing system 16, into which a locking element 17 lying in a bearing recess 18 of torque output section 5 can engage. Locking element 17 is acted upon by a spring 30 into a locking position, so that, when torque transmission section 5 is rotated in the clockwise direction, torque output element 4 is dragged along in rotation. If, on the other hand, torque transmission section 5 is rotated in the anticlockwise direction, the counter-toothing of locking element 17 can leave the external toothing system of torque output element 4, so that torque transmission section 5 can rotate freely with respect to torque output element 4. With regard to the embodiment of the freewheel gear, reference is made to DE 10 2016 101 400 A1 and to DE 10 2014 113 758 A1 cited therein. The disclosure of these publications is included in the disclosure content of this application.

(17) As can be seen in FIG. 4, 8 or 10, torque transmission section 5 comprises teeth 15 pointing radially outwards relative to the screw rotation direction and arranged in a uniform circumferential distribution about the centre. Trough-shaped tooth gaps, which form depressions 6, are located between the teeth. The wall of depression 6 is formed by a rounding. The rounding corresponds to a rounding of a torque transmission element 7 constituted by a cylinder, which can engage in one of depressions 6.

(18) Torque transmission element 7 is acted upon by a ram 8, which extends in a cavity of a drive arm 3, which projects in the radial direction from head 2 relative to the screw rotation direction. Ram 8 is acted upon by a compression spring 19, which forms a force accumulator and which is pretensioned. By means of an adjustment device 20, which is assigned to a handle 24 arranged at the free end of drive arm 3, the pretensioning of compression spring 19 can be adjusted. By rotating adjustment device 20, a clamping element 27 coupled via a thread with a tube 23 constituted by arm 3 is displaced axially relative to tube 23. A display 25 is provided, which can be observed through window 21, on which the currently adjusted torque is displayed. Clamping element 27 acts against a thrust piece 26 which acts on spring 19, which rests at its other end on ram 8.

(19) Ram 8 comprises on its lateral wall a total of four blocking recesses 10 arranged in a uniform circumferential distribution (see FIG. 6), in which a blocking element 9 in the form of a ball lies in each case. Relative to the axis of extension of drive arm 3, each of the four blocking elements 9 can move in a radial direction inside a window 11 of tubular drive arm 3, in order to leave blocking recess 10 in a release position of a switchover element 12. For this purpose, switchover element 12 and in particular its inner wall has a bypass space 13.

(20) Switchover element 12 is constituted as a sleeve-like slide and sits outside on drive arm 3 and more precisely in the immediate vicinity of head 2. By moving switchover element 12 in an axial direction relative to the axis of extension of drive arm 3, switchover element 12 can be brought from a release position into a blocking position. In the release position, which is represented in FIGS. 4 to 9, blocking elements 9 can leave blocking recesses 10 in the radial direction, so that ram 8 can move inside drive arm 3. A casing 28, which adjoins flush with handle 24, sits on tube 23, which is connected fixedly to head 2. This casing comprises, on its side pointing towards head 2, a step which forms an end stop for switchover element 12. In the release position, in which the tool comprising a torque wrench can be used, switchover element 12 abuts against a casing 28. The outer lateral surface of switchover element 12 transitions flush into the outer lateral surface of casing 28, which is fastened to tube 23 by means of grub screws 29.

(21) In the blocking position of switchover element 12 represented in FIGS. 10 and 11, abutment edge 14 lies outside window 11 and is constituted by the inner wall of switchover element 12. Supported on this abutment edge 14 are blocking elements 9, which lie in blocking recess 10, so that they cannot move out of blocking recess 10 and thus prevent an axial displaceability of ram 8 relative to the direction of extension of drive arm 3. The inner radius of abutment edge 14 running on an inner cylindrical lateral surface is only slightly larger than the outer radius of tube 23 comprising window 11. In the blocking position, switchover element 12 is spaced apart from casing 28.

(22) The functioning of the screw driving tool is as follows:

(23) On account of the freewheel gear described above between torque output element 4 and torque transmission section 5, an output peg 22 can be rotated in a constant rotary movement, in that drive arm 3 is swivelled back and forth about the screw axis. By moving output peg 22 in an axial direction relative to the screw rotation direction, the direction of rotation of the screw driving tool can be turned round.

(24) When switchover element 12 is in the release position shown in FIGS. 4 to 9, in which ram 8 can move with respect to drive arm 3, a limited torque can be transmitted by the screw driving tool to the screw. When the torque lies below a torque limit which can be adjusted by means of adjustment device 20, torque transmission element 7 remains in the plurality of depressions 6 during the screwing, as is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. By means of torque transmission element 7, a torque is transmitted from housing 1 to torque transmission section 5. The trough, which forms depression 6, forms an inclined edge, which converts the torque into a radial force, which acts against the pretensioning force of spring 19. The effect of this is that torque transmission element 7 and with it ram 8 are moved in the radially outward direction relative to the screw rotation axis, which is accompanied by an increase in the spring tensioning. When ram 8 is moved in the direction of thrust piece 26, a peg of thrust piece 26 moves in a cavity of ram 8. Compression spring 19 extends around the ram or the lateral surface of the cavity. When a torque limit is reached, torque transmission element 7 slips out of depression 6, as is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. Torque transmission element 7 runs over a tooth 15 of the external toothing system of transmission section 5 and can dip into adjacent depression 6. Torque transmission section 5 is not jointly moved by the swivelling motion of drive arm 3. With further swivelling of drive arm 3 about the screw rotation axis, following teeth 15 are also run over, so that no greater torque than the torque limit is transmitted to torque output element 4.

(25) When switchover element 12 is moved into the blocking position represented in FIGS. 10 and 11, blocking elements 9 cannot move out of blocking recesses 10 assigned to them, because they are captured by abutment edge 14 in a form-fit manner in blocking recesses 10. In this operating position, torque transmission element 7 cannot leave depression 6 assigned to it even when a torque limit is exceeded, so that torques can also be transmitted in the blocking position of switchover element 12 which are greater than the torque limit and the screw driving tool can be used as a “normal” ratchet/wrench. The forces transmitted by torque transmission element 7 to ram 8 are transmitted via blocking elements 9 formed as a ball into the walls of window 11 of tube 23. Since tube 23 is connected tension-proof to head 2, the forces are diverted back again into head 2.

(26) The above embodiments serve to explain the inventions covered as a whole by the application, which develop the prior art at least by the following combinations of features in each case also independently, wherein two, several or all of these combinations of features can also be combined, i.e.:

(27) A screw driving tool, which is characterised in that a freewheel gear is provided in the torque transmission path between torque and torque output element 4 and torque transmission section 5. The freewheel gear comprises the toothing system 16, locking element 17, and the bearing recess 18.

(28) A screw driving tool, which is characterised by a switchover element 12 which can be moved from a release position into a blocking position, which in the release position permits torque transmission element 7 to leave the depression, but in the blocking position blocks it.

(29) A screw driving tool, which is characterised in that switchover element 12 is a sleeve part guided displaceably on housing 1 and cooperates with at least one blocking element 9, which in particular is mounted movably in a window 11 of housing 1 and is captured in particular in the blocking position in a blocking recess 10 of a ram 8, which is arranged in the force transmission section between torque transmission element 7 and force accumulator 19.

(30) A screw driving tool, which is characterised in that ram 8 comprises two, three, four or more blocking recesses 10 arranged on a peripheral area in each case for the entry of an assigned blocking element 9.

(31) A screw driving tool, which is characterised in that switchover element 12 forms with a first section of its inner wall a bypass space 13 for blocking elements 9 in the release position and forms with a second section of its inner wall an abutment edge 14 for blocking element 9 in the blocking position.

(32) A screw driving tool, which is characterised in that the torque output element 4 is arranged in a head 2 formed by housing 1, wherein a drive arm 3 projects from head 2, in which a spring forming force accumulator 19 is arranged, which with the interposition of ram 8 acts on torque transmission element 7.

(33) A screw driving tool, which is characterised in that depressions 6 are formed by tooth gaps arranged between teeth 15.

(34) A screw driving tool, which is characterised in that switchover element 12 is linearly displaceable relative to the direction of extension of drive arm 3 between the blocking position and the release position.

(35) A screw driving tool, which is characterised in that depression 6 is a trough, the wall of which extends in cross-section to axis A along a circular arc line, the radius whereof corresponds in particular to the radius of torque transmission element 7 constituted as a cylinder, wherein the arc length is smaller than a quarter circle, wherein the sections of the wall of depression 6 adjacent to the teeth forms inclined edges, so as to guide torque transmission element 7 out of depression 6.

(36) All the disclosed features are essential to the invention (in themselves, but also in combination with one another). The disclosure content of the associated/appended priority documents (copy of the prior application) is thus also included in full in the disclosure of the application, also for the purpose of including features of these documents in the claims of the present application. The sub-claims characterise with their features, even without the features of a claim referred to, independent inventive developments of the prior art, in particular to implement divisional applications on the basis of these claims. The invention specified in each claim can also include one or more of the features in the above description, in particular provided with reference numbers and/or stated in the list of reference numbers. The invention also relates to embodiments, wherein individual ones of the features stated in the above description are not implemented, in particular inasmuch as they can be recognised as unnecessary for the given intended use or can be replaced by other technically equivalent means.