FABRIC, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME AND CLOTHING ITEM USING SAME

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fabric containing a modacrylic fiber A and a cellulosic fiber, wherein the modacrylic fiber A contains an infrared absorber inside the fiber, and the fabric is dyed with at least a yellow cationic dye, a yellow reactive dye, and a yellow disperse dye. The fabric can be produced by dyeing a fabric containing a modacrylic fiber A and a cellulosic fiber with a cationic dye, a reactive dye, and a disperse dye to exhibit a fluorescent yellow color. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a fabric with excellent arc resistance and visibility, a method for producing the same, and a clothing item using the same.

Claims

1. A fabric comprising a modacrylic fiber A and a cellulosic fiber, wherein the modacrylic fiber A comprises an infrared absorber inside the fiber, and the fabric is dyed with a cationic dye, a reactive dye, and a disperse dye that are all yellow fluorescent dyes.

2. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the modacrylic fiber A comprises the infrared absorber in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight with respect to the total weight of the modacrylic fiber A.

3. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the modacrylic fiber A further comprises a flame retardant.

4. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the modacrylic fiber A further comprises a light diffusion reflective substance.

5. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric has an ATPV of 8 cal/cm.sup.2 or more as measured according to ASTM F1959/F1959M-12, which is a Standard Test Method for Determining the Arc Rating of Materials for Clothing, at a basis weight of 6.5 oz/yd.sup.2 or less.

6. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric conforms to the standard of 5.1 Colour performance requirements of ISO 20471:2013 and the standard of 5.2 Colour after Xenon test of ISO 20471:2013.

7. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the infrared absorber is a tin oxide-based compound.

8. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the modacrylic fiber A is contained in an amount of 30 to 70% by weight with respect to the total weight of the fabric.

9. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the cellulosic fiber is contained in an amount of 30 to 65% by weight with respect to the total weight of the fabric.

10. The fabric according to claim 1, further comprising an aramid fiber in an amount of 5 to 30% by weight with respect to the total weight of the fabric.

11. A clothing item comprising the fabric according to claim 1.

12. A method for producing the fabric according to claim 1, comprising: dyeing a fabric containing a modacrylic fiber A and a cellulosic fiber with a cationic dye, a reactive dye, and a disperse dye that are all yellow fluorescent dyes.

13. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the infrared absorber comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of antimony-doped tin oxide, indium tin oxide, niobium-doped tin oxide, phosphorus-doped tin oxide, fluorine-doped tin oxide, antimony-doped tin oxide supported on a titanium oxide substrate, iron-doped titanium oxide, carbon-doped titanium oxide, fluorine-doped titanium oxide, nitrogen-doped titanium oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide, and antimony-doped zinc oxide.

14. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric has a rubbing fastness of grade 4.5 or higher in a dry test as measured according to the test method for rubbing fastness defined in JIS L 0849.

15. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric has a rubbing fastness of grade 3.5 or higher in a wet test as measured according to the test method for rubbing fastness defined in JIS L 0849.

Description

EXAMPLES

[0071] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by means of examples. However, the invention is not limited to these examples.

[0072] First, the measurement method and the evaluation method will be described.

Visibility

Confirmation of Conformity to “5.1 Colour Performance Requirements” of “ISO 20471:2013”

[0073] Y, x, and y of the Yxy color system were measured to determine whether or not the color was within the fluorescent yellow range, using a spectrophotometer (CM-2500C (manufactured by Konica Minolta, Inc.)) according to 5.1 of ISO 20471:2013. The brightness factor β was determined by β=Y/100, and β≥0.7 was considered as acceptable.

[0074] The conformity criteria are shown in Table 1 below.

[0075] Confirmation of Conformity to “5.2 Colour After Xenon Test” of “ISO 20471:2013” (Light Fastness)

[0076] Y, x, and y of the Yxy color system were measured after a xenon light fastness test, to determine whether or not the color was within the fluorescent yellow range, using a spectrophotometer (CM-2500C (manufactured by Konica Minolta, Inc.)) according to 5.2 Colour after Xenon test of ISO 20471:2013. The brightness factor β was determined by β=Y/100. The conformity criteria are as shown in Table 1.

ATPV

[0077] The arc test was performed based on ASTM F1959/F1959M-12 (Standard Test Method for Determining the Arc Rating of Materials for Clothing), to obtain ATPV (cal/cm.sup.2).

Rubbing Fastness

[0078] The rubbing fastness test was performed as follows: a test specimen was rubbed against a white cotton cloth for rubbing, and the degree of coloration of the white cotton cloth for rubbing was compared with the gray scale for staining to determine the rubbing fastness in the dry test and the wet test, based on the test method for rubbing fastness as defined in the standard JIS L 0849, using a rubbing tester.

Production Example 1

[0079] An acrylic copolymer consisting of 51% by weight of acrylonitrile, 48% by weight of vinylidene chloride, and 1% by weight of sodium p-styrenesulfonate was dissolved in dimethylformamide to a resin concentration of 30% by weight. Then, 10 parts by weight of antimony trioxide (Sb.sub.2O.sub.3, product name “Patx-M” manufactured by Nihon Seiko Co., Ltd.) with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin weight was added to the obtained resin solution, to form a spinning dope. The above-mentioned antimony trioxide was used in the form of a dispersion liquid prepared in advance by adding and uniformly dispersing 30% by weight of antimony trioxide in dimethylformamide. In the antimony trioxide dispersion liquid, the particle size of the antimony trioxide as measured by laser diffraction was 2 μm or less. The obtained spinning dope was extruded using a nozzle with a nozzle hole diameter of 0.08 mm and a number of holes of 300 into 50% by weight of dimethylformamide solution, allowed to be coagulated, washed with water, and then dried at 120° C., after which the resulting material was stretched to three times its length and heated at 145° C. for 5 minutes, and thus modacrylic fibers were obtained The obtained modacrylic fibers had a fineness of 1.71 dtex, a strength of 2.58 cN/dtex, an elongation of 27.4%, and a cut length of 51 mm. The fineness, strength, and elongation of the fibers were measured according to JIS L 1015.

Production Example 2

[0080] In this production example, 10 parts by weight of antimony trioxide (Sb.sub.2O.sub.3, product name “Patx-M” manufactured by Nihon Seiko Co., Ltd.) and 10 parts by weight of antimony-doped tin oxide (product name “SN-100P” manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha, Ltd.) with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin weight were added to the obtained resin solution, to form a spinning dope. The above-mentioned antimony trioxide was used in the form of a dispersion liquid prepared in advance by adding and uniformly dispersing 30% by weight of antimony trioxide in dimethylformamide. In the antimony trioxide dispersion liquid, the particle size of the antimony trioxide as measured by laser diffraction was 2 μm or less. The above-mentioned antimony-doped tin oxide was used in the form of a dispersion liquid prepared in advance by adding and uniformly dispersing 30% by weight of antimony-doped tin oxide in dimethylformamide. In the antimony-doped tin oxide dispersion liquid, the particle size of the antimony-doped tin oxide as measured by laser diffraction was from 0.01 to 0.03 μm. The obtained spinning dope was extruded using a nozzle with a nozzle hole diameter of 0.08 mm and a number of holes of 300 into 50% by weight of dimethylformamide solution, allowed to be coagulated, washed with water, and then dried at 120° C., after which the resulting material was stretched to three times its length and heated at 145° C. for 5 minutes, and thus modacrylic fibers

[0081] A containing an infrared absorber were obtained. The resulting modacrylic fibers A had a fineness of 1.7 dtex, a strength of 2.5 cN/dtex, an elongation of 26%, and a cut length of 51 mm.

Example 1

[0082] In this example, 32% by weight of the modacrylic fibers A of Production Example 2, 51% by weight of lyocell fibers (product name “Tencel” manufactured by Lenzing, with a fineness of 1.3 dtex and a fiber length of 38 mm), 10% by weight of aramid fibers (product name “Kever” manufactured DuPont, with a fineness of 1.7 dtex and a fiber length of 51 mm), and 7% by weight of the modacrylic fibers of Production Example 1 were mixed and spun through ring spinning. The resulting spun yarn was a blended yarn of English cotton count 20. The spun yarn was used to make a twill weave fabric (fabric) using a usual weaving method. The obtained fabric (with a basis weight of 5.7 oz/yd.sup.2) was subjected to the dyeing processes described in (1) through (3) below to obtain a fabric dyed fluorescent yellow.

[0083] (1) The fabric was subjected to cationic dyeing at 98° C. for 60 minutes, and then washed with water and hot water (with hot water at 20 to 40° C.). The dyeing was performed using a dyeing solution containing 2% by weight of Astrazon Flavine 10GFE 300% (manufactured by Dystar) as a cationic dye, 4% by weight of Uvitex AC Liq (manufactured by Huntsman) as a fluorescent whitening agent, 1 g/L of

[0084] Tanavol-Dap (manufactured by Tanatex) as a dye accelerant, 1 g/L of Ultra MT110 (manufactured by Mitejima Chemical Co., Ltd.) as a pH adjuster, and 1% by weight of Invalon NA (manufactured by Huntsman) as a leveling agent.

[0085] (2) The fabric after the process (1) above was subjected to reactive dyeing at 60° C. for 60 minutes using a dye and agents mentioned below, and then washed with water, soaped, and further washed with hot water (with hot water at 40 to 50° C.). The dyeing was performed using a dyeing solution containing 3% by weight of Remazol Luminus Yellow FL (manufactured by Dystar) as a reactive dye, 40 g/L of glauber's salt (sodium sulfate), and 15 g/L of soda ash (sodium carbonate).

[0086] (3) The fabric after the process (2) above was subjected to disperse dyeing at 98° C. for 15 minutes using a dye and agents mentioned below, and then washed with water, soaped, and further washed with hot water (with hot water at 40 to 50° C.). The dyeing was performed using a dyeing solution containing 0.1% by weight of Terasil Flavine 10GFF (manufactured by Dystar) as a disperse dye, 2 g/L of Tanavol-Dap (manufactured by Tanatex) as a dye accelerant, 1 g/L of acetic acid, 1 g/L of Nicca Sunsolt 7000 (manufactured by Nicca Chemical Co., Ltd.) as a dispersing and leveling agent, and 1 g/L of Nicca Sunsolt RM3406 (manufactured by Nicca Chemical Co., Ltd.).

Example 2

[0087] A fabric (with a basis weight of 5.7 oz/yd.sup.2) was obtained in a similar way to that of Example 1, except that 41% by weight of the modacrylic fibers of Production Example 2, 35% by weight of lyocell fibers, and 24% by weight of aramid fibers were used.

Comparative Example 1

[0088] In Comparative Example 1, a fabric (with a basis weight of 5.7 oz/yd.sup.2) was obtained in a similar way to that of Example 1, except that the fluorescent whitening agent Uvitex AC Liq (manufactured by Huntsman) was not used in the dyeing process (1) and the dyeing processes (2) and (3) were not performed.

Comparative Example 2

[0089] In Comparative Example 2, a fabric (with a basis weight of 5.7 oz/yd.sup.2) was obtained in a similar way to that of Example 1, except that the fluorescent whitening agent Uvitex AC Liq (manufactured by Huntsman) was not used in the dyeing process (1) and the dyeing process (3) was not performed.

Comparative Example 3

[0090] In Comparative Example 3, a fabric (with a basis weight of 5.7 oz/yd.sup.2) was obtained in a similar way to that of Comparative Example 1, except that bleaching was performed using the following agents before the dyeing process (1). The bleaching was performed using a bleaching solution containing 2% by weight of Nichilon White WX Liquid (manufactured by Nissei Kasei Co., Ltd.) as a fluorescent bleach, 1 g/L of acetic acid, 1% by weight of Soldine SK-F (scouring agent manufactured by Nissei Kasei Co., Ltd.), 5 w/v% of sodium chlorite, 3% by weight of sodium nitrate, and 2 g/L of sodium thiosulfate.

Comparative Example 4

[0091] A fabric (with a basis weight of 5.7 oz/yd.sup.2) was obtained in a similar way to that of Example 1, except that 100% by weight of the modacrylic fibers of Production Example 1 were used.

[0092] Table 2 below shows the type and amount of fibers in the fabrics of the examples and the comparative examples.

[0093] The visibility, the arc resistance, and the rubbing fastness of the fabrics of the examples and the comparative examples were measured and evaluated as described above. Table 3 below shows the results.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Color coordinates Lower limit x coordinate y coordinate value of β Fluorescent 0.387 0.610 0.70 yellow 0.356 0.494 0.398 0.452 0.460 0.540

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Modacrylic Modacrylic fibers A fibers (Production Lyocell Aramid (Production Example 2) (% by (% by Example 1) Fabric (% by weight) weight) weight) (% by weight) Ex. 1 32 51 10 7 Ex. 2 41 35 24 0 Com.Ex. 1 32 51 10 7 Com.Ex. 2 32 51 10 7 Com.Ex. 3 32 51 10 7 Com.Ex. 4 0 0 0 100

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Com.Ex. Com.Ex. Com.Ex. Com.Ex. Evaluation item Ex. 1 Ex. 2 1 2 3 4 Conformity to x coordinate 0.399 0.396 0.387 0.393 0.402 0.383 5.1 Colour y coordinate 0.526 0.52 0.521 0.526 0.526 0.562 performance Brightness 0.87 0.84 0.83 0.84 0.77 1.0 requirements of factor B ISO 20471:2013 Pass/Fail Passed Passed Passed Passed Passed Passed determination Conformity to x coordinate 0.397 0.391 0.374 0.389 0.398 0.373 5.2 Colour y coordinate 0.477 0.465 0.437 0.475 0.471 0.46 performance Brightness 0.71 0.70 0.67 0.68 0.66 0.73 requirements factor B after Xenon light Pass/Fail Passed Passed Failed Failed Failed Failed fastness test of determination ISO 20471:2013 Arc resistance ATPV 8.2 8.5 8.2 8.2 8.2 Torn (cal/cm.sup.2) Rubbing fastness Dry test 5 5 4 4 Not Not (grade) measured measured Wet test 4 4 3 3 Not Not measured measured

[0094] As shown in Table 3, it is seen that the fabrics of the examples subjected to the three types of dyeing have high visibility and arc resistance, but the fabrics of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are poor in terms of visibility after a light fastness test, and the fabric of Comparative Example 4 is poor in terms of arc resistance. Also, it is seen that the fabrics of the examples further have improved rubbing fastness.

[0095] The present invention may include, without limitation, one or more of the following embodiments, for example.

[0096] [1] A fabric containing a modacrylic fiber A and a cellulosic fiber, [0097] wherein the modacrylic fiber A contains an infrared absorber inside the fiber, and [0098] the fabric is dyed with at least a cationic dye, a reactive dye, and a disperse dye that are all yellow fluorescent dyes.

[0099] [2] The fabric according to [1], wherein the modacrylic fiber A contains the infrared absorber in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight with respect to the total weight of the modacrylic fiber A.

[0100] [3] The fabric according to [1] or [2], wherein the modacrylic fiber A further contains a flame retardant.

[0101] [4] The fabric according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the modacrylic fiber A further contains a light diffusion reflective substance.

[0102] [5] The fabric according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the fabric has an

[0103] ATPV of 8 cal/cm.sup.2 or more as measured according to ASTM F1959/F1959M-12 (Standard Test Method for Determining the Arc Rating of Materials for Clothing), at a basis weight of 6.5 oz/yd.sup.2 or less.

[0104] [6] The fabric according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the fabric conforms to the standard of 5.1 Colour performance requirements of ISO 204712013 and the standard of 5.2 Colour after Xenon test of ISO 20471:2013.

[0105] [7] The fabric according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the infrared absorber is a tin oxide-based compound.

[0106] [8] The fabric according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the modacrylic fiber A is contained in an amount of 30 to 70% by weight with respect to the total weight of the fabric.

[0107] [9] The fabric according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the cellulosic fiber is contained in an amount of 30 to 65% by weight with respect to the total weight of the fabric.

[0108] [10] The fabric according to any one of [1] to [7], further containing an aramid fiber in an amount of 5 to 30% by weight with respect to the total weight of the fabric.

[0109] [11] A clothing item containing the fabric according to any one of [1] to [10].

[0110] [12] A method for producing the fabric according to any one of [1] to [10], including: [0111] dyeing a fabric containing a modacrylic fiber A and a cellulosic fiber with a cationic dye, a reactive dye, and a disperse dye that are all yellow fluorescent dyes.