EXPANSION CLAMPING DEVICE AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME

Abstract

The invention relates to an expansion clamping device having a main body (2) and an expansion sleeve (5) which is inserted into the main body (2) or surrounds the body, forming a pressure chamber (8), the pressure chamber (8) being capable of being acted upon by a hydraulic medium with resilient deformation of the expansion sleeve (5). The expansion sleeve (5) is integrally fixed to the main body (2) at the front axial end region (16) and/or at the rear axial end region (17) of the pressure chamber (8) via a friction-welded connection (14).

Claims

1. Expansion clamping device with a base body (2) which defines a longitudinal axis and a sleeve (5) which is inserted into or surrounds the base body (2) forming at least one pressure chamber (8), wherein the pressure chamber (8) can be pressurized by a hydraulic medium, in order to achieve a clamping effect, wherein the sleeve (5) is fixed to the base body (2) by a friction weld joint (14) at the front axial end region (16) of the pressure chamber (8) and/or at the rear axial end region (17) of the pressure chamber (8).

2. Expansion clamping device according to claim 1, wherein the pressure chamber (8) receives in its front and/or rear axial end region (16, 17) adjacent to a friction weld joint (14) a welding bead (15) produced during the creation of the friction weld joint (14) and is widened here, in particular in the radial direction, relative to a region (18) of the pressure chamber (8) which is central in the axial direction.

3. Expansion clamping device according to claim 1, wherein the sleeve (5) is inserted into the base body (2) or surrounds it, forming a single pressure chamber (8) extending annularly around the longitudinal axis, and the sleeve (5) is fixed at its front and/or rear end section (12, 13) to the base body (2) by means of a friction weld joint (14).

4. Expansion clamping device according to claim 1, wherein the sleeve (5) is inserted into or surrounds the base body (2) to form two axially successive pressure chambers (8), wherein in particular the sleeve (5) is fixed axially between the pressure chambers (8) to the base body (2) by a friction weld joint (14) and/or wherein in particular the sleeve (5) is fixed to the base body (2) at the rear axial end region (17) of the rear pressure chamber (8) and/or at the front axial end region (16) of the front pressure chamber (8) by a friction weld joint (14).

5. Expansion clamping device according to claim 1, wherein one or each friction weld joint (14) is produced by sliding friction welding and/or that one or each friction weld joint (14) is produced by a rotation welding process, and/or in that the sleeve (5) is heat-treated, in particular case-hardened and/or tempered and/or nitrided, and/or in that the sleeve (5) comprises or consists of a non-alloy steel and/or a low-alloy steel and/or a high-alloy steel and/or a ceramic material and/or a case-hardened steel, in particular a 20MnCrS5 case-hardened steel.

6. Expansion clamping device according to claim 1, wherein the sleeve (5) is designed as an expansion sleeve which is elastically deformed when the pressure chamber (8) is pressurized in order to achieve a clamping effect, and wherein the sleeve (5) is inserted into the base body (2) and the inner surface of the sleeve (5) forms a clamping surface (7), or the sleeve (5) surrounds the base body (2) and the outer surface of the sleeve (5) forms a clamping surface (7).

7. Expansion clamping device according to claim 1, wherein an axially front end of the base body (2) is designed as an expansion sleeve (2a) and the sleeve (5) is pushed axially onto the expansion sleeve (2a), wherein at least one pressure chamber (8) is formed between the sleeve (5) and the expansion sleeve (2a), that the inner surface of the expansion sleeve (2a) forms a clamping surface (7), and that the expansion sleeve (2a) is elastically deformed when the pressure chamber (8) is pressurized by a hydraulic medium to achieve a clamping effect.

8. Expansion clamping device according to claim 6, wherein the clamping surface (7) is provided with a surface coating, in particular the surface coating being applied to the clamping surface (7) by oxidation or manganese phosphating.

9. Expansion clamping device according to claim 1, wherein the expansion device has tensioning means which are designed to selectively cause an increase in pressure in the hydraulic medium, the tensioning means being operatively connected to the pressure chamber (8) via a hydraulic medium supply channel (23).

10. Method of manufacturing an expansion clamping device in the form of an expansion chuck (1) comprising a base body (2) defining a longitudinal axis and a sleeve (5) in the form of an expansion sleeve (5) which is inserted into the base body (2) to form at least one closed pressure chamber (8) and defines a central receptacle of cylindrical basic shape with a clamping surface (7) into which a component to be clamped can be inserted from the front side of the expansion chuck, comprising the following steps: a) Provision of a base body (2), which has a central axial bore (4) open towards the front end face of the base body (2), and of an expansion sleeve workpiece (26), which has an expansion sleeve shaft (27) of cylindrical basic shape which can be inserted into the central axial bore (4) of the base body (2), wherein recesses for forming the at least one pressure chamber (8) are formed in the outer surface of the expansion sleeve shaft (27) and/or in the inner surface of the base body (2) defining the central axial bore (4), b) Inserting the expansion sleeve shaft (27) into the central axial bore (4) of the base body (2), c) Axially pressing the base body (2) and the expansion sleeve workpiece (26) against each other while the base body (2) and/or the expansion sleeve workpiece (26) perform movements about the longitudinal axis, in particular rotate about the longitudinal axis, in order to generate a relative movement between the base body (2) and the expansion sleeve workpiece (26), wherein mutually corresponding stop faces (28) of the base body (2) and of the expansion sleeve workpiece (26) are pressed axially against one another at the front axial end region (16) of the at least one pressure chamber (8) and/or at the rear axial end region (17) of the at least one pressure chamber (8) and are heated by friction so that the expansion sleeve workpiece (26) is fixed to the base body (2) in the region of the stop faces (28) by a friction weld (14), d) Termination of the relative movement so that the base body (2) and the expansion bushing workpiece (26) cool down, wherein in particular the expansion bushing workpiece (26) is pressed further into the base body (2) after completion of the relative movement.

11. Method according to claim 10, wherein in steps a) to d) the expansion sleeve shaft (27) is inserted into the base body (2) to form a single pressure chamber (8) extending annularly around the longitudinal axis, and the expansion sleeve shaft (27) is fixed at its front and/or rear end section (12, 13) to the base body (2) by means of a friction weld joint (14), and/or wherein, in steps a) to d), the expansion sleeve shaft (27) is inserted into the base body (2), forming two pressure chambers (8) which are located axially one behind the other and extend annularly about the longitudinal axis, and the expansion sleeve shank (27) is fixed, in particular axially between the pressure chambers (8), to the base body (2) by means of a friction weld joint (14), wherein, in particular in step c), the respective mutually corresponding stop faces (28) of the base body (2) and of the expansion sleeve workpiece (26) are formed on the front axial end region (16) of the front pressure chamber (8) and/or on the rear axial end region (17) of the rear pressure chamber (8).

12. Method according to claim 10, wherein the or each friction weld joint (14) is made by sliding friction welding, and/or wherein the following further step is carried out after steps a) to d): e) a section (29) of the expansion sleeve workpiece (26) projecting from the front end face of the base body (2) is cut off.

13. Method according to claim 10, wherein a solid expansion sleeve shaft (27) is provided and a receptacle (6) is produced therein, in particular after step e), and/or wherein the expansion sleeve shaft (27) provided in step a) is of hollow design, the expansion sleeve shaft (27) being supported on the inside during steps b) to d) and/or a receptacle (6) being produced on the expansion sleeve shaft (27) after step e), in particular the expansion sleeve shaft (27) with the receptacle (6) present being heat-treated, in particular case-hardened and/or tempered and/or nitrided.

14. Method according to claim 10, wherein the expansion sleeve shaft (26) comprises or consists of a non-alloy steel and/or a low-alloy steel and/or a high-alloy steel and/or a ceramic material and/or a case-hardened steel, in particular 20MnCrS5 case-hardened steel, and/or wherein the clamping surface (7) is provided with a surface coating applied in particular by oxidation or by manganese phosphating.

15. A method of manufacturing an expansion clamping device in the form of an expansion mandrel (19) having a base body (2) defining a longitudinal axis and a sleeve (5) in the form of an expansion sleeve which surrounds the base body (2) to form at least one closed pressure chamber (8) and defines on its outer surface a clamping surface (7) onto which a component to be clamped can be pushed from the front side of the expansion device, comprising the following steps: aa) Provision of a base body (2), which has a cylindrical base body shaft (22) on its front end face, and of a hollow expansion sleeve workpiece (26), which can be pushed onto the base body shaft (22), depressions being formed in the outer surface of the base body shaft (22) and/or in the inner surface of the expansion sleeve workpiece (26) in order to form the at least one pressure chamber (8), bb) Sliding the expansion sleeve workpiece (26) onto the base body (22), cc) axially pressing the base body (2) and the expansion sleeve work-piece (26) against each other while the base body (2) and/or the expansion sleeve workpiece (26) perform movements about the longitudinal axis, in particular rotate about the longitudinal axis, in order to generate a relative movement between the base body and the expansion sleeve workpiece (26), wherein mutually corresponding stop faces (28) of the base body (2) and of the expansion sleeve workpiece (26) are pressed axially against one another at the front axial end region (16) of the at least one pressure chamber (8) and/or at the rear axial end region (17) of the at least one pressure chamber (8) and are heated by the friction so that the expansion sleeve workpiece (26) is fixed to the base body (2) in the region of the stop faces (28) by a friction weld joint (14), dd) termination of the relative movement so that the base body (2) and the expansion sleeve workpiece (26) cool down, wherein in particular the expansion sleeve workpiece (26) is further pressed onto the base body (22) after the completion of the relative movement.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein in steps aa) to dd) the expansion sleeve workpiece (26) surrounds the base body (22) forming a single pressure chamber (8) extending annularly around the longitudinal axis, and the expansion sleeve workpiece (26) is fixed at its front and/or rear end section (16, 17) to the base body (22) by means of a friction weld joint (14), or wherein, in steps aa) to dd), the expansion sleeve workpiece (26) surrounds the base body (22), forming two pressure chambers (8) which are located axially one behind the other and extend annularly about the longitudinal axis, and the expansion sleeve workpiece (26) is fixed, in particular axially between the pressure chambers (8), to the base body (22) by means of a friction weld joint (14), wherein, in particular in step cc), the respective mutually corresponding stop faces (28) of the base body (2) and of the expansion sleeve workpiece (26) are formed on the front axial end region (16) of the front pressure chamber (8) and/or on the rear axial end region (17) of the rear pressure chamber (8).

17. The method according to claim 15, wherein the or each friction weld joint (14) is made by sliding friction welding, and/or wherein the following further step is carried out after steps aa) to dd): ee) a section (29) of the expansion sleeve workpiece (26) projecting beyond the front end face of the base body (2) is cut off, and/or wherein, in particular after step ee), at least part of the outer circumferential surface of the expansion sleeve workpiece (26) fixed to the base body is machined, in particular a welding bead (15) produced during the creation of the friction weld joint (14) being removed and/or the clamping surface (7) being produced, and/or wherein the expansion sleeve workpiece (26) with existing clamping surface (7) is heat-treated, in particular case-hardened and/or tempered and/or nitrided, and/or wherein an expansion sleeve workpiece (26) is used which comprises or consists of a non-alloy steel and/or a low-alloy steel and/or a high-alloy steel and/or a ceramic material and/or a case-hardened steel, in particular 20MnCrS5 case-hardened steel, and/or wherein the clamping surface (7) is provided with a surface coating applied in particular by oxidation or by manganese phosphating.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] With respect to further embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to the following embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings show:

[0068] FIG. 1 a longitudinal sectional view of an expansion clamping device according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] FIG. 2 a longitudinal sectional view of an axial end region of the pressure chamber formed between the main body and the sleeve of FIG. 1;

[0070] FIG. 3 a longitudinal sectional view of the other axial end portion of the pressure chamber of FIG. 1;

[0071] FIG. 4 a further longitudinal sectional view of the expansion device of FIG. 1,

[0072] FIG. 5 a longitudinal sectional view of a second embodiment of an expansion clamping device according to the present invention;

[0073] FIG. 6 a longitudinal sectional view of a basic body for producing the expansion clamping device of FIG. 1;

[0074] FIG. 7 a longitudinal sectional view of an expansion sleeve workpiece for producing the expansion device of FIG. 1;

[0075] FIG. 8 a side view of the expansion sleeve workpiece of FIG. 7;

[0076] FIG. 9 a longitudinal sectional view of the base body of FIG. 6 and of the expansion sleeve workpiece of FIG. 7 inserted into an axial bore of the base body

[0077] FIG. 10 a longitudinal sectional view of an expansion chuck according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] FIG. 11 a longitudinal sectional view of the base body of the expansion clamping device of FIG. 10; and

[0079] FIG. 12 a longitudinal section of a sleeve of the expansion clamping device shown in FIG. 10.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT(S)

[0080] FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an expansion chuck 1 according to the present invention. The expansion chuck 1 is designed as a hollow taper shaft toolholder (HSK) and comprises a base body 2 made of a 20MnCrS5 case-hardened steel, which has a fastening cone 3 at its left-hand end region in a manner known per se for clamping to a rotationally driven work spindle of a machine tool. An axial bore 4 is provided at the opposite front end region of the base body 2, into which a sleeve 5 is inserted. The sleeve 5 forms a receptacle 6 into which a cylindrical shaft of a tool such as a drill or milling cutter can be inserted, the inner surface of the expansion sleeve 5 forming a clamping surface 7.

[0081] A pressure chamber 8 is formed between the sleeve 5 and the base body 2, which surrounds the receptacle 6 and is aligned coaxially with it. The pressure chamber 8, whose axial length corresponds approximately to the length of the clamping surface 7, is formed by ring-like recesses 9 in the outer surface of the sleeve 5 and in the inner surface of the axial bore 4 of the base body 2.

[0082] Towards the receptacle 6, the pressure chamber 8 is bounded by a relatively narrow inner wall 10 of the sleeve 5 and radially outwards by the wall of the base body 2, the wall thickness of which is several times greater than the wall thickness of the inner wall 10. The pressure chamber 8 is filled with a hydraulic medium such as oil and is operatively connected to a clamping means via a hydraulic medium supply channel 11, so that an increase in pressure in the hydraulic medium can be selectively effected via the clamping means. As can be seen in FIG. 4, the pressure chamber 8 is in communication with a hydraulic medium source via a hydraulic medium supply channel 11 formed in the base body 2, through which it can be pressurized for clamping a tool. The pressure medium source can be formed in a manner known per se by a cylinder chamber formed in the base body 2, which is closed at the end by a piston-like actuator which can be screwed into the cylinder chamber to increase the pressure, or screwed out of it to reduce the pressure. The hydraulic pressure is transmitted to the pressure chamber 8 via the hydraulic fluid supply channel 11 and causes the inner wall 10 to bulge elastically radially inward until it force-fittedly encloses a tool shaft inserted in the holder 6.

[0083] In FIGS. 2 and 3, it can be seen that the sleeve 5 is fixed to the base body 2 at its front axial end section 12 and at its rear axial end section 13 by means of a friction weld joint 14 in each case. In order to accommodate the welding bead 15 produced during the creation of the respective friction weld joint 14, the pressure chamber 8 is widened in its front axial end region 16 and in its rear axial end region 17 in the radial direction relative to a central region 18 of the pressure chamber 8 in the axial direction.

[0084] FIG. 5 shows an expansion device in the form of an expansion mandrel 19 in accordance with the present invention. The expansion mandrel 19 is intended to clamp a component from the inside and has a base body 2 which can be clamped in a work spindle of a working machine at its end region 20 shown on the left. At its end region 21 shown on the right, the base body 2 has a base body shaft 22, which carries a sleeve 5 radially on the outside, which is fixed to it by two friction welded connections 14.

[0085] The base body 2 and the sleeve 5 are shown with different hatching in FIG. 5. In contrast to the expansion chuck 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the expansion sleeve 5 surrounds the base body 2 to form a pressure chamber 8, and the outer surface of the sleeve 5 forms a clamping surface 7 onto which a component to be clamped can be pushed.

[0086] The pressure chamber 8 is in communication with a hydraulic medium channel 23, which is formed centrally in the base body 2 and passes axially through the base body 2, via a hydraulic medium supply channel 11. The hydraulic medium channel 23 is provided at its end regions with threaded holes 24, 25, which are closed by clamping screws not shown. In order to clamp a component, one of these clamping screws is screwed into the interior of the base body, which increases the hydraulic pressure within the hydraulic medium channel 23, the hydraulic medium supply channel 11 and the pressure chamber 8, and in this way the sleeve 5 is elastically deformed outwards in order to force-fit a pushed-on component.

[0087] FIGS. 6 to 9 illustrate a method of manufacturing the expansion chuck device designed as expansion chuck 1, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. In this process, the base body 2, as shown in FIG. 6, and an expansion sleeve workpiece 26, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, are provided. The base body 2 has a central axial bore 4 open towards its front end face. The expansion sleeve workpiece 27 has a basic cylindrical shape and is solidly made of solid material. Furthermore, the expansion sleeve workpiece 27 is provided with an expansion sleeve shaft 27 which can be inserted into the axial bore 4 of the base body 2, wherein depressions in the form of ring-like recesses 9 for forming the pressure chamber 8 are formed in the outer circumferential surface of the expansion sleeve shaft 27 and/or the inner surface of the base body 2 defining the central axial bore 4.

[0088] FIG. 9 shows the base body 2 with the inserted expansion sleeve shaft 27 of an expansion sleeve workpiece 26. In the process for manufacturing an expansion device designed as an expansion chuck 1, the expansion sleeve shaft 27 is inserted into the base body 2 until contact is made between two respective pairs of mutually correlating stop surfaces 28 of the base body 2 and the expansion sleeve workpiece 26 at the front and rear axial end regions 16, 17 of the pressure chamber 8.

[0089] Subsequently, the base body 2 and the expansion sleeve workpiece 26 are pressed against each other at the two respective pairs of correlating stop faces 28 while they are set in relative rotation. This creates friction, which heats the materials of the base body 2 and the expansion sleeve workpiece 26 in the region of the stop faces 28. To join the expansion sleeve workpiece 26 and the base body 2, the relative rotation is braked and the base body 2 and the expansion sleeve workpiece 26 are pressed against each other, upsetting them to form a welding bead 15. In the process, the expansion sleeve workpiece 26 is pressed even further into the base body 2.

[0090] After the expansion sleeve workpiece 26 has been fixed to the base body 2 via the two friction weld joints 14, a section 29 of the expansion sleeve workpiece 26 projecting from the front end face of the base body 2 can be cut off so that only an expansion sleeve 5 remains. Subsequently, a receptacle 6 with a circular cylindrical cross-section can be produced in the expansion sleeve workpiece 26, for example by means of drilling.

[0091] Although the invention has been further illustrated and described in detail by preferred embodiments, the invention is not limited by the disclosed examples and other variations may be derived therefrom by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the invention.

[0092] FIGS. 10 to 12 show a further expansion chuck in accordance with the present invention. Like the expansion chuck 1 of the first embodiment, the expansion chuck is designed as a hollow shaft taper tool holder HSK and comprises a base body 2, which has a fastening cone 3 at its left-hand end region for clamping to a machine tool. A central receptacle 6 is provided at the opposite front end region of the base body 2, into which a cylindrical shaft of a tool such as a drill or milling cutter can be inserted. The axially front end of the basic body 2 is designed as an expansion sleeve 2a which can be elastically deformed. A sleeve 5 is pushed axially onto the expansion sleeve 2a, whereby a pressure chamber 8 is formed between the sleeve 5 and the expansion sleeve 2a, which surrounds the receptacle 6 and is aligned coaxially thereto. The pressure chamber 8, the axial length of which corresponds approximately to the length of the clamping surface 7, is formed by ring-like recesses 9 in the outer lateral surface of the expansion sleeve 2a and in the inner surface of the sleeve 5.

[0093] Towards the receptacle 6, the pressure chamber 8 is bounded by a relatively narrow/thin wall of the expansion sleeve 2a and radially outwards by the wall of the sleeve 5, the wall thickness of which is several times greater than the wall thickness of the expansion sleeve 2a. As in the first embodiment, the pressure chamber 8 can be pressurized with a hydraulic medium in order to elastically deform the expansion sleeve 2a inwardly and thus tension a component inserted into the receptacle 6.

[0094] In this embodiment, the base body 2 and the sleeve shaft 5 are joined by friction welding 14 in their front and rear axial end sections. The rear end face rests against a front end face of the sleeve 5 of the base body 2, from which the expansion sleeve 2a also projects, and an inwardly projecting collar of the sleeve 5 rests against the front end face of the expansion sleeve 2a. In the area of the axial contact surfaces, the components are fixed to each other by friction weld joints 14. In order to accommodate the welding bead 15 produced during the creation of the respective friction weld joint 14, the pressure chamber 8 is widened in its front axial end region 16 and in its rear axial end region 17 in the radial direction relative to a region 18 of the pressure chamber 8 that is central in the axial direction. In addition, an annular groove 30 is formed in the front end face of the base body 2 around the expansion sleeve 2a projecting therefrom.

LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

[0095] 1 expansion clamping device [0096] 2 base body [0097] 2a expansion sleeve [0098] 3 fixing cone [0099] 4 axial bore [0100] 5 sleeve [0101] 6 receptacle [0102] 7 clamping surface [0103] 8 pressure chamber [0104] 9 ring-like recesses [0105] 10 inner wall of the expansion sleeve [0106] 11 hydraulic fluid supply channel [0107] 12 front axial end section [0108] 13 rear axial end section [0109] 14 friction weld joint [0110] 15 welding bead [0111] 16 front axial end region [0112] 17 rear axial end region [0113] 18 central region in axial direction [0114] 19 mandrel [0115] 20 end area shown on the left [0116] 21 end area shown on the right [0117] 22 basic body shaft [0118] 23 hydraulic fluid channel [0119] 24 rear threaded hole [0120] 25 front threaded hole [0121] 26 expansion sleeve workpiece [0122] 27 expansion sleeve shaft [0123] 28 stop face [0124] 29 section [0125] 30 ring groove