INDIRECT SELECTIVE BREEDING METHOD OF HIGH-COLLAGEN MEAT GEESE

Abstract

An indirect selective breeding method of high-collagen meat geese includes : (1) obtaining a curve equation y=0.017x+0.026; (2) rearing goslings to young geese; (3) measuring the length, width, and height values of the knobs of the geese, and calculating to give the collagen content according to the curve equation obtained in step (1); (4) sorting the geese in descending order according to the collagen content and keeping the geese with collagen content ranked top 50% as breeding geese; (5) after the geese lay eggs, hatching the goose eggs into goslings; and (6) repeating steps (2)-(5) for selective breeding over generations. The indirect selective breeding method is simple and easy to implement. A new strain of meat geese with high collagen content can be obtained from selective breeding simply by measuring the length, width, and height of the knobs of geese of each generation.

Claims

1. An indirect selective breeding method of high-collagen meat geese, comprising: (1) measuring a first length, a first width, and a first height of first knobs of first young geese, determining a first collagen content in a first leg muscle of the first young geese, and performing a linear fitting on a size of the first length×the first width×the first height of the first knobs and the first collagen content in the first leg muscle to obtain a linear curve equation between the size and the first collagen content in the first leg muscle: y=0.017x+0.026; (2) rearing first goslings to second young geese; (3) measuring a length, a width, and a height of second knobs of second young geese, and conducting a calculation according to the linear curve equation obtained in step (1) to give a second collagen content in a second leg muscle of the second young geese; (4) sorting the second young geese in a descending order according to the second collagen content and keeping male geese and female geese with the second collagen content ranked a top 50% as breeding geese to form a family line; (5) after the female geese lay eggs, hatching the eggs into second goslings; and (6) repeating steps (2)-(5) for a selective breeding over generations to obtain the high-collagen meat geese.

2. The indirect selective breeding method of the high-collagen meat geese according to claim 1, wherein the first young geese and the second young geese have a breeding age of 120 days-150 days.

3. The indirect selective breeding method of the high-collagen meat geese according to claim 1, wherein the high-collagen meat geese are Yangzhou geese or new strains of a Yangzhou goose lineage.

4. The indirect selective breeding method of the high-collagen meat geese according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the linear fitting is performed by an SPSS19.0 linear regression, and a number of the first young geese is greater than 60.

5. The indirect selective breeding method of the high-collagen meat geese according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the rearing is performed under conditions of a ground-rearing or a net-rearing with an ad libitum access to a food and a water and with a natural lighting.

6. The indirect selective breeding method of the high-collagen meat geese according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4, a number of the breeding geese is 40-80 family lines, and each of the 40-80 family lines comprises 1 male goose and 5-6 female geese.

7. The indirect selective breeding method of the high-collagen meat geese according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the eggs to be hatched into the second goslings are laid by the female geese aged 44 weeks-46 weeks.

8. The indirect selective breeding method of the high-collagen meat geese according to claim 1, wherein in the step (6), a number of the generations is 3-5.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

[0024] FIGURE is a schematic diagram showing the measurement of the length, width and height values of a knob of a goose according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0025] The technical solutions of the present invention are further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawing.

Example 1

[0026] (1) The length (vertical length from the most anterior end of the knob to the junction between the knob skin and the feather-covered area in mm with 1 decimal place), the width (maximum width between both sides of the knob in mm with 1 decimal place), and the height (vertical length from the top end of the knob to the junction between the nose and forehead in mm with 1 decimal place) of the knobs of 180 male Yangzhou geese aged 120 days were measured specifically as shown in FIGURE, which is a schematic diagram showing the measurement of the length, width and height of a knob of a goose according to the present invention and in which A is the length of the knob, B is the width of the knob, and C is the height of the knob. The knob size was then calculated (length×width×height, in cm.sup.3). Meanwhile, the collagen content in leg muscle, the protein content in leg muscle and the fat content in leg muscle of the corresponding male Yangzhou geese were also determined by a FOSS FoodScan Meat Analyzer, and the results are shown in Table 1. Pearson correlation analysis was performed using the SPSS19.0 software on knob size and collagen content in leg muscle, on knob size and protein content in leg muscle, and on knob size and fat content in leg muscle. The results are shown in Table 2.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Length, width, height of knobs and knob size as well as collagen content in leg muscle of some male Yangzhou geese Collagen Protein Fat Length Width Height content content content of of of Knob in leg in leg in leg knob knob knob size muscle muscle muscle (mm) (mm) (mm) (cm.sup.3) (%) (%) (%) 19.8 31.9 12.9 8.15 0.19 21.23 4.44 18.7 32.1 24.4 14.65 0.28 21.95 4.52 22.5 30.0 23.0 15.53 0.31 21.51 3.09 21.0 34.0 24.0 17.14 0.29 21.05 4.25 26.0 31.0 28.0 22.57 0.35 21.56 3.07 27.1 34.7 25.6 24.07 0.48 22.28 1.71 23.7 34.2 31.8 25.78 0.50 21.53 2.72 31.8 34 27 29.192 0.59 20.25 4.48 28.2 33.7 32.2 30.592 0.56 20.29 4.55

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Correlation analysis of knob size with collagen content, protein content and fat content in muscle Collagen content in Protein content in Fat content in leg Traits leg muscle leg muscle muscle Correlation 0.954 ** −0.467 0.063 coefficient

[0027] In this table, ** indicates extremely significant correlation between traits.

[0028] It can be found from Table 2 that the knob size is only significantly correlated with the collagen content in muscle, but not with the protein content in leg muscle or the fat content in leg muscle. Linear regression was further adopted to perform linear fitting on the knob size (length×width×height, in cm.sup.3) and the collagen content in leg muscle, a linear relationship equation y=0.017x+0.026 was obtained, where y represents the collagen content in leg muscle (%), and x represents the knob size (cm.sup.3). The linear coefficient R2 of the resulting equation was 0.9105, and the chi-square χ.sup.2 fit test revealed no significant difference between the prediction results and the experimental results, indicating that the resulting equation is entirely applicable to predicting the collagen content in leg muscle of Yangzhou geese aged 120 days. That is, the larger the knob, the higher the collagen content in muscle. Therefore, the indicator of knob size can be utilized to indirectly select the meat geese with high collagen content in muscle for breeding. [0029] (2) Under conditions of ground-rearing with ad libitum access to unlimited feed and with natural lighting, over 1000 breeding Yangzhou geese were reared to the age of 120 days according to the rearing standard for breeding Yangzhou goose DB3210/T 1048-2020. [0030] (3) The length, width and height of the knobs of the Yangzhou goose individuals were measured separately using a vernier caliper at the age of 120 days, specifically as shown in FIGURE. The knob size (length×width×height, in cm.sup.3) of the meat goose individuals was calculated, and their foot numbers were recorded. Table 3 lists the measurement results of the length, width, height of knobs and the knob size of some of the Yangzhou geese aged 120 days.

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 The length, width, height of knobs and the knob size of some of the Yangzhou geese aged 120 days Meat goose Length of knob Width of knob Height of knob Knob size No. (mm) (mm) (mm) (cm.sup.3) 1901 23.5 35.0 25.1 20.645 1904 30.0 38.0 29.5 33.630 1908 23.0 32.2 28.0 20.737 1909 26.0 31.0 28.0 22.568 1916 21.0 34.0 24.0 17.136 1921 26.0 32.5 26.0 21.970 1925 26.5 35.0 32.0 29.680 1932 30.3 34.0 28.0 28.846 1936 30.0 33.5 33.1 33.266 1942 22.5 30.0 23.0 15.525 1951 31.8 34.0 27.0 29.192 1964 28.2 33.7 32.2 30.595 1979 25.0 33.0 28.4 23.430 1988 22.0 30.0 26.0 17.160 [0031] (4) The expected collagen content in leg muscle of each goose was calculated according to the equation y=0.017x+0.026. [0032] (5) The meat geese were sorted in descending order according to the collagen content in leg muscle, and meat geese with collagen content greater than or equal to 0.424%, i.e. the meat geese ranked top 50%, were kept as breeding geese. As shown in Table 4, the geese meeting the requirements for collagen content calculated on the basis of Table 3 were kept as breeding geese, and their foot numbers were 1904, 1925, 1932, 1936, 1951, 1964 and 1979.

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Meat goose individuals kept based on collagen content in leg muscle Calculated Meat goose Knob size collagen content No. Sex (cm.sup.3) (%) Kept or not 1901 ♂ 20.645 0.377 1904 ♀ 33.630 0.598 √ 1908 ♀ 20.737 0.379 1909 ♂ 22.568 0.410 1916 ♀ 17.136 0.317 1921 ♂ 21.970 0.399 1925 ♂ 29.680 0.531 √ 1932 ♀ 28.846 0.516 √ 1936 ♀ 33.266 0.592 √ 1942 ♀ 15.525 0.290 1951 ♂ 29.192 0.522 √ 1964 ♀ 30.592 0.546 √ 1979 ♂ 23.430 0.424 √ 1988 ♀ 17.160 0.318 [0033] (6) After the breeding geese had been reared to the age of 180 days, the geese with foot numbers 1904, 1925, 1932, 1936, 1951, 1964 and 1979 in Table 4 were kept as breeding geese to form a family line; and the eggs laid by the female breeding geese at the age of 44-46 weeks were hatched. [0034] (7) After the goslings were hatched out, steps (2)—(6) were repeated to carry out selective breeding for generation 1, and then steps (2)—(6) were repeated again to carry out selective breeding for generation 2 and generation 3. The selective breeding results are shown in Table 5. Table 5 lists the theoretical results calculated according to the equation y =0.017x +0.026 and the actual results after selective breeding over 3 generations using the selective breeding method of the present invention.

TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Theoretical and measured collagen content in leg muscle of meat geese of selective breeding over 3 generations Generation Generation Generation Generation 0 1 2 3 Knob size at the 23.34 24.81 26.73 29.02 age of 120 days (cm.sup.3) Average value of 0.423 0.448 0.480 0.519 calculated collagen content (%) Average value of 0.410 Not Not 0.506 actual collagen measured measured content (%)

[0035] As can be seen from Table 5, the collagen content in leg muscle of the candidate goose population was significantly increased by using the method disclosed herein for 3 generations of selective breeding, and the collagen content of this strain was significantly genetically improved. The collagen content in leg muscle of the geese aged 120 days reached 0.506%, which was 23.41% higher than that in generation 0. The problem that living animals cannot be directly selected by muscle collagen was well solved by indirect selection by knob size.