Aluminum alloy for die casting and method for manufacturing aluminum alloy casting using the same

Abstract

Disclosed are an aluminum alloy for a die casting and a method of producing an aluminum alloy casting product. The aluminum alloy may include silicon (Si) in an amount of about 7.5 to 9.5 wt %; magnesium (Mg) in an amount of about 2.5 to 3.5 wt %; iron (Fe) in an amount of about 0.5 to 1.0 wt %; manganese (Mn) in an amount of about 0.1 to 0.6 wt %; and aluminum (Al) constituting the remaining balance of the aluminum alloy, all the wt % are based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy.

Claims

1. An aluminum alloy for a die casting, consisting of, silicon (Si) in an amount of 7.5 to 9.5 wt %; magnesium (Mg) in an amount of 2.5 to 3.5 wt %; iron (Fe) in an amount of 0.7 to 1.0 wt %; manganese (Mn) in an amount of 0.1 to 0.6 wt %; inevitable impurities, and aluminum (Al) constituting the remaining balance of the aluminum alloy, all the wt % based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy.

2. The aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy has thermal conductivity of about 135 W/m.Math.K or greater.

3. The aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy has yield strength of about 260 MPa or greater.

4. The aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy has tensile strength of about 320 MPa or greater.

5. The aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy has elongation of 3% or greater.

6. A vehicle comprising an aluminum alloy of claim 1.

7. A die casting product comprising an aluminum alloy of claim 1.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, in which:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a comparison of results over time after spraying salt water (NaCl 5%) to specimens in Comparative Examples and Example 3 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(3) The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprise”, “include”, “have”, etc. when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements and/or components but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or combinations thereof.

(4) It is understood that the term “vehicle” or “vehicular” or other similar term as used herein is inclusive of motor vehicles in general such as passenger automobiles including sports utility vehicles (SUV), buses, trucks, various commercial vehicles, watercraft including a variety of boats and ships, aircraft, and the like, and includes hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, hydrogen-powered vehicles and other alternative fuel vehicles (e.g. fuels derived from resources other than petroleum). As referred to herein, a hybrid vehicle is a vehicle that has two or more sources of power, for example both gasoline-powered and electric-powered vehicles.

(5) Further, unless specifically stated or obvious from context, as used herein, the term “about” is understood as within a range of normal tolerance in the art, for example within 2 standard deviations of the mean. “About” can be understood as within 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1%, 0.05%, or 0.01% of the stated value. Unless otherwise clear from the context, all numerical values provided herein are modified by the term “about.”

(6) Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, but will be implemented in many different forms. The embodiments are provided only to complete the invention of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

(7) An aluminum alloy for a die casting may contain silicon (Si) in an amount of about 7.5 to 9.5 wt %: magnesium (Mg) in an amount of about 2.5 to 3.5 wt %: iron (Fe) in an amount of about 0.5 to 1.0 wt %: manganese (Mn) in an amount of about 0.1 to 0.6 wt %: and aluminum (Al) constituting the remaining balance of the aluminum alloy. All the wt % are based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy. In addition, the aluminum alloy may further include beryllium (Be) in an amount of about 0.015 wt % or less but greater than 0 wt %.

(8) Hereinafter, the reason for restricting a composition of the alloy in the aluminum alloy for a die casting according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

(9) Silicon (Si) in an Amount of about 7.5 to 9.5 wt %:

(10) Silicon (Si) as used herein may improve castability and abrasion resistance and affect thermal conductivity and strength. When the content of silicon is less than about 7.5 wt %, the effect of improving castability, abrasion resistance and strength may be insignificant, and when silicon is added in the amount greater than about 9.5 wt %, properties for workability of casting, for example, machinability may be reduced and the aluminum alloy may be weakened by heat treatment. For this reason, the content of silicon may be in the range of about 7.5 to 9.5 wt %.

(11) Magnesium (Mg) in an Amount of about 2.5 to 3.5 wt %:

(12) Magnesium (Mg) as used herein may form Mg.sub.2Si compound, which serves as a dispersion strengthening material, together with silicon (Si) to improve strength. Further, Mg may improve corrosion resistance and elongation thereby improving machinability of casting.

(13) At this time, when the content of magnesium (Mg) is less than about 2.5 wt %, an improving effect of corrosion resistance, elongation and strength is insignificant, and when the content of magnesium is greater than about 3.5 wt %, the flowability of melt may be reduced during a casting, an oxidation tendency of the melt may also be increased to increase dross. For this reason, the content of magnesium may be in the range of about 2.5 to 3.5 wt %.

(14) Iron (Fe) in an Amount of about 0.5 to 1.0 wt %:

(15) Iron (Fe) as used herein may contribute to forming solid solution strengthening and dispersion strengthening. When the content of iron is less than about 0.5 wt %, the effect of improving strength may be insignificant, and when the content of iron is greater than about 1.0 wt %, there is a drawback that thermal conductivity and castability are degraded. For this reason, the content of iron (Fe) may be in the range of about 0.5 to 1.0 wt %.

(16) Manganese (Mn) in an Amount of about 0.1 to 0.6 wt %:

(17) Manganese (Mn) as used herein may, together with iron (Fe), contribute to forming solid solution and improving strength of casting. However, as the content manganese is increased, castability and machinability may be reduced and thermal conductivity may be decreased. For this reason, the content of manganese may be in the range of about 0.1 to 0.6 wt %.

(18) Beryllium (be) in an Amount of about 0.015 wt % or Less but Greater than 0 wt %:

(19) Beryllium (Be) as used herein may prevent an oxidation of magnesium (Mg) to inhibit a formation of dross during a casting process and improve corrosion resistance. However, when beryllium is added in the amount greater than about 0.015 wt %, corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy may deteriorate, and thus the content of beryllium may be less than about 0.015 wt %. The content of beryllium (Be) may suitably be in the range of about 0.002 to 0.015 wt %.

(20) Preferably, the aluminum alloy may not include copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and nickel (Ni), which may cause corrosion of the aluminum alloy. Accordingly, corrosion resistance of the casting to be manufactured may be enhanced to minimize an occurrence of corrosion.

(21) A method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy casting product may include a preparing process of preparing molten aluminum alloy having the above-described composition, a casting process of injecting the prepared molten aluminum alloy into a mold, and a casting process of casting the molten aluminum alloy into the aluminum alloy casting product.

(22) At this time, the method may further include a preheating process of preheating a mold to a temperature of about 200 to 250° C. before the casting process.

(23) For example, the mold may be preheated to sufficiently high temperature of about 200 to 250° C. to prevent cracks and casting defects from being generated when the molten aluminum alloy prepared as above described is casted to produce the aluminum alloy casting.

(24) Here, when the mold is preheated to a temperature of less than about 200° C., a preheating effect of the mold may not be insignificant, and further filling ability in the mold may be also reduced due to deterioration of the fluidity of the molten aluminum alloy, thereby causing casting defects. In addition, when the mold is preheated to a temperature greater than about 250° C., a preheating cost may be increased, crystal grain coarsening of the aluminum alloy castings to be produced later may be caused or a crack may be caused during a cooling process. For this reason, the preheating temperature for the mold may be in the range of about. Preferably, in the casting step, molten aluminum alloy prepared as described above may be casted into the preheated mold under a pressure of about 75 MPa.

EXAMPLE

(25) Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described in detail. However, the following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

(26) Composition of various Examples of the present invention and Comparative Examples are as shown in Table 1 below.

(27) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Classification Al Si Mg Fe Mn Be Cu Zn Ni Sn Pb Ti Example 1 rem. 7.5 2.5 0.5 0.1 — — — — — — — Example 2 rem. 8.0 3.5 0.7 0.3 — — — — — — — Example 3 rem. 8.0 3.0 0.7 0.3 0.005 — — — — — — Comparative rem. 0.2 6.0 0.8 0.1 — 0.1 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.1 Example 1 (ALDC5) Comparative rem. 12 0.2 0.8 0.1 — 3.0 0.7  0.3  0.1  0.1  0.1 Example 2 (ALDC12) Comparative rem. 5.32 2.73 0.49 0.14 — — — — — — — Example 3 Comparative rem. 5.42 2.81 0.51 0.14 — — — — — — — Example 4 Comparative rem. 12.45 2.84 0.50 0.14 — — — — — — — Example 5 Comparative rem. 12.43 2.85 0.52 0.14 — — — — — — — Example 6 Comparative rem. 8.32 1.73 0.49 0.14 — — — — — — — Example 7 Comparative rem. 8.42 1.71 0.51 0.14 — — — — — — — Example 8 Comparative rem. 8.45 4.54 0.50 0.14 — — — — — — — Example 9 Comparative rem. 8.43 4.55 0.52 0.14 — — — — — — — Example 10

(28) At this time, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were conventional aluminum alloys for a die casting, Comparative Example was ALDC5, which is one of Al—Mg-based alloys, and Comparative Example 2 was ALDC12, which is one of commercially available Al—Si-based alloys.

(29) ASTM SUBSIZE test specimens (a gauge length (G) of 25 mm; a width of 6.25 mm; a thickness (T) of 3.05 mm; a radius of fillet (R) of 6.0 mm; a longitudinal length (L) of 100 mm or more; a length of parallel section (A) of 32 mm; a width of grip section (C) of 10 mm) for Examples and Comparative Examples in Table 1 were manufactured and a tensile test (KS B 0802) was carried out for the above test specimens, and a test specimen of 10 mm×10 mm×2t was manufactured and a test for measuring thermal conductivity (ASTM E 1461) was carried out for the test specimen to measure the physical properties for each of Examples and Comparative Examples. Measurement values physical properties are shown in below Table 2.

(30) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Thermal Tensile conductivity strength Yield strength Elongation Classification (W/m .Math. K) (MPa) (MPa) (%) Example 1 150 320 260 4.0 Example 2 135 350 285 3.0 Example 3 140 330 280 3.0 Comparative 96 280 180 2.0 Example 1 Comparative 96 300 150 3.0 Example 2 Comparative 148 321 198 6.5 Example 3 Comparative 135 325 197 6.8 Example 4 Comparative 102 317 254 5.3 Example 5 Comparative 103 345 251 3.0 Example 6

(31) As shown in Tables 1 and 2, according to Examples of the present invention, the aluminum alloy for a die casting can be manufactured to have excellent physical properties including thermal conductivity of 135 W/m.Math.K or greater, yield strength of 260 MPa or more, tensile strength of 320 MPa or more, and elongation of 3% or more.

(32) In particular, as compared with the conventional aluminum alloys for a die casting, it can be found that, in the aluminum alloys of the present invention, not only the thermal conductivity was improved by greater than 40% but also the tensile strength was improved by greater than 6%, the yield strength was improved by greater than 44%, and the elongation was secured at the same folds or greater. Accordingly, a casting product having excellent durability as compared with a conventional casting may be manufactured.

(33) In particular, as shown in Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 3 to 6, when the content of silicon (Si) in the present invention was less than 7.5 wt %, formation of Mg.sub.2Si compound was insignificant to cause a lowering of the yield strength, and when the content of silicon (Si) was greater than 9.5 wt %, the thermal conductivity was rapidly reduced due to an increase of alloying elements. For this reason, it is preferable to limit the content of silicon to the range of about 7.5 wt % to 9.5 wt %.

(34) Accordingly, when electric parts for vehicle are manufactured using the aluminum alloy according to the embodiment of the present invention, since as compared a conventional aluminum alloy, the aluminum alloy of the present invention may have excellent thermal conductivity and improve heat dissipation performance, the present invention may provide an advantage that it is possible to enhance performance and lifetime of the product.

(35) FIG. 1 is a photograph showing Comparative Examples and Example at 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours after salt water (NaCl 5%) was sprayed to Comparative Example 2 and 7 to 10 and Example 3 according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

(36) At this time, a salt water spray test (KS D 9502) was carried out using salt water of NaCl 5% after preparing ASTM SUBSIZE test specimen.

(37) It can be found from FIG. 1 that although corrosion was significantly proceeded on Comparative Example 2 (ALDC12) which is one of the commercial available Al—Si-based alloys after 24 hours from the spraying of salt water, even after 48 hours have elapsed, Example 3 of the present invention was maintained in an initial state in which corrosion hardly occurs.

(38) In particular, as shown in Comparative Examples 7 to 10, when the content of magnesium (Mg) was less than 2.5 wt %, corrosion resistance was remarkably deteriorated to cause considerable corrosion, and when the content of magnesium (Mg) was greater than 3.5 wt %, corrosion resistance was reduced again to cause corrosion.

(39) Therefore, when vehicle electric parts which may be left for a long time under the external environment such as high temperature and high humidity condition, seawater, rain water, and the like are manufactured by using the aluminum alloy according to various exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the life time and durability of manufactured electric parts of a vehicle may be enhanced and manufacturing cost may be reduced because no separate anti-rust treatment is required.

(40) According to various exemplary embodiments of the present invention, a variety of castings may be manufactured, which are required to have excellent thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance, by improving thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance compared to a conventional aluminum alloy for a die casting, while securing castability.

(41) As compared with a conventional aluminum alloy for a die casting, in addition, the aluminum ally according to the present invention may be excellent in strength and elongation, and thus a casting product having excellent durability may be produced.

(42) Although the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the preferred embodiments described above, the present invention is not limited thereto, but is limited by the following claims. Accordingly, those skilled in the art may modify and change variously the present invention without departing from the technical spirit of the following claims.