WATER-SOLUBLE METALWORKING FLUID

Abstract

Provided is a water-soluble metalworking oil comprising a base oil (A) comprising oil-soluble polyalkylene glycol (A1), wherein a total content of water-soluble polyalkylene glycol and methoxypolyethylene glycol is less than 60% by mass based on the total amount excluding water.

Claims

1. A water-soluble metalworking oil comprising a base oil (A) comprising oil-soluble polyalkylene glycol (A1), wherein a total content of water-soluble polyalkylene glycol and methoxypolyethylene glycol is less than 60% by mass based on the total amount excluding water.

2. The water-soluble metalworking oil according to claim 1, wherein the total content of water-soluble polyalkylene glycol and methoxypolyethylene glycol is less than 10 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the total amount of component (A1).

3. The water-soluble metalworking oil according to claim 1, which is substantially free of a sulfuric extreme pressure agent.

4. The water-soluble metalworking oil according to claim 1, further comprising water (B).

5. The water-soluble metalworking oil according to claim 1, wherein the content of component (A1) in component (A) is 10 to 100% by mass based on the total amount of component (A) contained in the water-soluble metalworking oil.

6. The water-soluble metalworking oil according to claim 1, wherein the content of component (A1) is 0.01% by mass or more based on the total amount of the water-soluble metalworking oil excluding water.

7. The water-soluble metalworking oil according to claim 1, further comprising an amine compound (C).

8. The water-soluble metalworking oil according to claim 1, further comprising a fatty acid (D).

9. The water-soluble metalworking oil according to claim 1, further comprising a nonionic surfactant (E).

10. The water-soluble metalworking oil according to claim 1, which is an emulsion-type oil classified as A1 as stipulated in JIS K 2241:2017.

11. The water-soluble metalworking oil according to claim 1, which is a soluble-type oil classified as A2 as stipulated in JIS K 2241:2017.

12. A water-soluble metalworking oil comprising a base oil (A) comprising oil-soluble polyalkylene glycol (A1), wherein a total content of water-soluble polyalkylene glycol and methoxypolyethylene glycol is less than 10 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the total amount of component (A).

13. A metalworking fluid obtained by blending the water-soluble metalworking oil of claim 1 with dilution water.

14. A metalworking method comprising processing a workpiece comprising metal by application of the metalworking fluid according to claim 13.

15. The metalworking method according to claim 14, wherein the workpiece has a member comprising at least iron or aluminum.

16. The metalworking method according to claim 14, wherein corrosion of a copper-containing member constituting a processing machine used in processing of the workpiece is suppressed.

Description

EXAMPLES

[0180] Next, the present invention will now be described in more detail by way of Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples in any way.

[0181] In the following Examples, the methods for measuring and calculating the following physical property values are as follows:

(1) Kinematic Viscosity, Viscosity Index

[0182] Measured and calculated in accordance with JIS K 2283:2000.

(2) HLB

[0183] Calculated based on Griffin's method.

(3) Acid Value (Indicator Photometric Titration Method)

[0184] Measured in accordance with JIS K 2501:2003 (indicator photometric titration method).

(4) Base Value (HCl Method)

[0185] Measured in accordance with JIS K 2501:2003 (HCl method).

Examples 1 to 8, Comparative Examples 1 to 4

[0186] Various components of the types shown in Tables 2 and 3 were added and mixed in the amounts shown in Tables 2 and 3 to prepare respective water-soluble metalworking oils. Details of each component used in the preparation of the water-soluble metalworking oils are as follows.

<Component (A1)>

[0187] Oil-soluble PAG (a-1): Oil-soluble polyalkylene glycol corresponding to viscosity grade VG32 stipulated in ISO 3448. [0188] Oil-soluble PAG (a-2): Oil-soluble polyalkylene glycol corresponding to viscosity grade VG46 stipulated in ISO 3448. [0189] Oil-soluble PAG (a-3): Oil-soluble polyalkylene glycol corresponding to viscosity grade VG68 stipulated in ISO 3448.

<Component (A2)>

[0190] Paraffinic mineral oil: Paraffinic mineral oil having kinematic viscosity at 40° C.=7.117 mm.sup.2/s, viscosity index=109.

<Component (B)>

[0191] Water: Ion exchanged water

<Component (C)>

[0192] Amine (c-1): N-Methylethanolamine, secondary monoamine [0193] Amine (c-2): N-Cyclohexyldiethanolamine, tertiary monoamine [0194] Amine (c-3): N-Methyldiethanolamine, tertiary monoamine [0195] Amine (c-4): Triisopropanolamine, tertiary monoamine [0196] Amine (c-5): N-Methyldicyclohexylamine, tertiary monoamine

<Component (D)>

[0197] Fatty acid (d-1): Neodecanoic acid [0198] Fatty acid (d-2): Tall oil fatty acid [0199] Fatty acid (d-3): Dodecanedioic acid [0200] Fatty acid (d-4): Castor oil polymerized fatty acid (ricinoleic acid hexamer, acid value: 31.6 mgKOH/g, hydroxyl value: 9.4 mgKOH/g, acid value/hydroxyl value=3.36)

<Component (E)>

[0201] Nonionic surfactant (e-1): Cocoamine ethylene oxide 2-mol adduct, HLB=6.3 [0202] Nonionic surfactant (e-2): Polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether, HLB=12.7

<Sulfuric Extreme Pressure Agent>

[0203] Dioctylpolysulfide

<Other Components>

[0204] Anionic surfactant: Polyoxyethylene oleyl ether carboxylic acid, acid value=69.3 mgKOH/g. [0205] Metal deactivator: Benzotriazole [0206] Emulsifying aid: 2-Phenoxyethanol [0207] Antibacterial agent: 1,2-Benzoisothiazolin-3-on [0208] Antifoaming agent: Silicone defoaming agent

[0209] The acid value, the base value, and the ratio of base value/acid value of the prepared water-soluble metalworking oils were measured and calculated and, also, the following evaluations were made using the water-soluble metalworking oils. The results thereof are shown in Tables 2 and 3.

(1) Classification of Oil Type

[0210] In accordance with the provisions of JIS K 2241:2017, the water-soluble metalworking oils were classified as emulsion-type oils A1 or soluble-type oils A2 of this standard. In Tables 2 and 3, “E” is given when classified as an emulsion-type oil A1, and “S” is given when classified as a soluble-type oil A2.

(2) Copper Plate Corrosion Test

[0211] A test was conducted under 50° C. oil temperature and 48-hour conditions by a test method in accordance with JIS K 2513, then the degree of discoloration of a copper plate was visually inspected, and the degree of corrosion of the copper plate was evaluated based on “Table 1 Classification of Corrosion by Copper Plate Corrosion Standard” of JIS K 2513 shown in Table 1 below. Tables 2 and 3 provide “discoloration numbers (subclassification symbols)”, and the discoloration numbers indicate the degree of corrosion of a copper plate by way of numerical values of 1 to 4, with a greater numerical value indicating severer corrosion.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Discoloration Degree of number discoloration State of discoloration Copper plate — For a copper plate corrosion immediately standard, the state of a copper after being plate surface immediately polished after being polished is indicated, but such a state is unlikely obtained after testing even from a sample with completely no corrosion. 1 Slightly (a) Pale orange (almost the same discolored color as copper plate immediately after being polished) (b) Dark orange 2 Mildly (a) Pink discolored (b) Pale pink with purple hue (c) Multi-colored pattern with dark pink, blue with purple hue, etc. over orange (d) Silver with pale gold hue (e) Brass or gold 3 Severely (a) Reddish brown pattern over brass discolored (b) Multi-colored pattern with red and green (peacock pattern) 4 Corroded (a) Greenish blue purple or black to such an extent that the underlayer is visible (b) Graphite-like black or matte black (c) Glossy black

(3) Evaluation of Workability

[0212] A water-soluble metalworking oil was diluted with ion exchanged water to prepare a metalworking fluid having a dilute concentration of 5° by volume. Using the prepared metalworking fluid, a pilot hole was drilled under the following conditions, and then a tapping torque test was performed to measure the maximum tapping torque during processing. Measurement was performed three times, and the average value and the maximum value of the results are shown in Tables 2 and 3.

[0213] It can be said that the smaller the average value and the maximum value are, the better the metal workability of the metalworking fluid used is.

<Pilot Hole Drilling Conditions>

[0214] Machine used: Tapping Center MTV-T350 (manufactured by Mectron Inc.) [0215] Drill: SG-ESS (manufactured by Nachi-Fujikoshi Corporation), drill diameter: 5.56 mm [0216] Cutting speed: 31 m/min [0217] Rotational speed: 1798 min-1 [0218] Feeding speed: 260 ram/min [0219] Feed per revolution: 0.145 mm/rev [0220] Depth: 15 mm

<Tapping Torque Test>

[0221] Tester used: Megatap II (micro-electronische Gerate GmbH) [0222] Tap: Nu-Roll Tap VP-NRT B M6×1 (manufactured by OSG Corporation) [0223] Cutting speed: 10 m/min [0224] Feed: 1.0 mm/rev [0225] Depth: 12 mm [0226] Number of processed samples n: 3 [0227] Material to be cut: SCM440 (JIS standard) (chrome molybdenum steel)

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Com- Com- parative parative Ex- Ex- Ex- Ex- Ex- Ex- Ex- Ex- ample ample ample ample ample ample ample ample 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 Com- Component (A1) Oil-soluble PAG (a-1) % by mass 1.00 3.00 5.00 7.00 position Oil-soluble PAG (a-2) % by mass 5.00 of Oil-soluble PAG (a-3) % by mass 5.00 water- Component (A2) Paraffinic mineral oil % by mass 5.00 soluble Component (B) Water % by mass 62.25 60.25 58.25 56.25 58.25 58.25 58.25 58.25 metal- Component (C) Amine (c-1) % by mass 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 working Amine (c-2) % by mass 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 oil Amine (c-3) % by mass 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 Amine (c-4) % by mass Amine (c-5) % by mass Component (D) Fatty acid (d-1) % by mass 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 Fatty acid (d-2) % by mass 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 Fatty acid (d-3) % by mass 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 Fatty acid (d-4) % by mass 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 Component (E) Nonionic surfactant (e-1) % by mass 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 Nonionic surfactant (e-2) % by mass 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Sulfuric extreme Dioctylpolysulfide % by mass 5.00 pressure agent Other Anionic surfactant % by mass 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 components Metal deactivator % by mass 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Emulsifying aid % by mass 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 Antibacterial agent % by mass 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 Antifoaming agent % by mass 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Total % by mass 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 Content of each Component (A1) + (A2) % by mass 2.6 7.5 12.0 16.0 12.0 12.0 0 0 component Component (B) % by mass 165 152 140 129 140 140 140 140 based on total Component (C) % by mass 34.4 32.7 31.1 29.7 31.1 31.1 31.1 31.1 amount (100% Component (D) % by mass 30.5 28.9 27.5 26.3 27.5 27.5 27.5 27.5 by mass) of oil Component (E) % by mass 13.2 12.6 12.0 11.4 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 excluding water Sulfuric extreme % by mass 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.0 pressure agent Water-soluble % by mass 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PAG + MPEG Component (C)/Component (A1) — 13.00 4.33 2.60 1.86 2.60 2.60 — — Component (D)/Component (A1) — 11.50 3.83 2.30 1.64 2.30 2.30 — — Component (C)/Component (D) — 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 Properties Acid value of water-soluble mgKOH/g 26.11 26.11 26.11 26.11 26.11 26.11 26.11 26.12 metalworking oil Base value of water-soluble mgKOH/g 67.16 67.16 67.16 67.16 67.16 67.16 67.16 67.16 metalworking oil Base value/acid value — 2.57 2.57 2.57 2.57 2.57 2.57 2.57 2.57 Evaluation (1) Classification of oil type — S S S S S S S S item (2) Copper plate corrosion test JIS K2513 — 1(b) 1(1b) 1(1b) 1(1b) 1(1b) 1(1b) 1(1b) 4(4c) (3) Evaluation Average value N .Math. cm 249 233 230 229 225 222 291 235 of workability of tap torque Maximum value N .Math. cm 360 340 340 340 335 335 425 345 of tap torque

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Com- Com- parative parative Ex- Ex- Ex- Ex- ample ample ample ample 7 8 3 4 Composition Component (A1) Oil-soluble PAG (a-1) % by mass 51.65 20.00 of Oil-soluble PAG (a-2) % by mass water-soluble Oil-soluble PAG (a-3) % by mass metalworking Component (A2) Paraffinic mineral oil % by mass 31.65 51.65 31.65 oil Component (B) Water % by mass 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 Component (C) Amine (c-1) % by mass 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Amine (c-2) % by mass Amine (c-3) % by mass 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 Amine (c-4) % by mass 4.50 4.50 4.50 4.50 Amine (c-5) % by mass 6.50 6.50 6.50 6.50 Component (D) Fatty acid (d-1) % by mass 1.85 1.85 1.85 1.85 Fatty acid (d-2) % by mass 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 Fatty acid (d-3) % by mass 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Fatty acid (d-4) % by mass 11.00 11.00 11.00 11.00 Component (E) Nonionic surfactant (e-1) % by mass Nonionic surfactant (e-2) % by mass 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 Sulfuric extreme Dioctylpolysulfide % by mass 20.00 pressure agent Other Anionic surfactant % by mass components Metal deactivator % by mass 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 Emulsifying aid % by mass 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 Antibacterial agent % by mass 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 Antifoaming agent % by mass 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 Total % by mass 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 Content of each Component (A1) + (A2) % by mass 56.1 21.7 0 0 component Component (B) % by mass 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 based on total Component (C) % by mass 16.8 16.8 16.8 16.8 amount (100% Component (D) % by mass 20.5 20.5 20.5 20.5 by mass) of oil Component (E) % by mass 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 excluding water Sulfuric extreme pressure agent % by mass 0 0 0 21.7 Water-soluble PAG + MPEG % by mass 0 0 0 0 Component (C)/Component (A1) — 0.30 0.78 — — Component (D)/Component (A1) — 0.36 0.94 — — Component (C)/Component (D) — 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 Properties Acid value of water-soluble metalworking oil mgKOH/g 28.20 28.20 28.20 28.26 Base value of water-soluble metalworking oil mgKOH/g 52.52 52.52 52.52 52.52 Base value/acid value — 1.86 1.86 1.86 1.86 Evaluation (1) Classification of oil type — E E E E item (2) Copper plate corrosion test JIS K2513 — 1(1b) 1(1b) 1(1b) 4(4c) (3) Evaluation of Average value of tap torque N .Math. cm 224 245 292 231 workability Maximum value of tap torque N .Math. cm 340 360 430 350

[0228] From Tables 2 and 3, the metalworking fluids prepared by diluting the water-soluble metalworking oils of Examples 1 to 8, irrespective of being a soluble type or an emulsion type, suppressed corrosion of a copper plate and also had good workability. On the other hand, the metalworking fluids prepared by diluting the water-soluble metalworking oils of Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were inferior with respect to at least one of the copper plate corrosion suppressing effect and workability.