METHOD OF DESTRUCTION OF ORGANIC WASTE WITH LOW CONTENT OF WATER

Abstract

The invention relates to methods of disposing household waste, in particular, to methods of disposing waste with low content of water by plasma-chemical destruction. The invention is directed to attaining a technical effect of broadening range of technical solutions by providing a method of destruction of organic waste with low content of water. The technical effect is attained by a destruction method, where organic waste with low content of water is loaded into a reactor via an input opening, and waste of biological origin is loaded additionally. The reactor is provided in form of a closed cavity, which inner surface is made conductive entirely or partially and grounded. An electrode protrudes into the reactor, which is isolated from the grounded surface. High-voltage pulses are supplied to the electrode. The pulses cause formation of corona discharge streamers in a gap between the electrode and the conductive surface of the reactor.

Claims

1. (canceled)

2. (canceled)

3. (canceled)

4. (canceled)

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8. (canceled)

9. A method of destruction of organic waste with low content of water, comprising: loading organic waste with low content of water into a reactor via an input opening; loading waste of biological origin into the reactor, wherein the reactor has (i) a closed cavity, whose inner surface is made conductive entirely or partially and grounded, and (ii) an electrode that is isolated from the grounded surface and protrudes into the reactor; and supplying high-voltage pulses to the electrode, thereby causing formation of corona discharge streamers in a gap between the electrode and the inner surface of the reactor.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the gap between the electrode and at least one of conductive portions of the cavity inner surface is in a range of 5 to 50 millimeters.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein entry of atmospheric air into the reactor is restricted during loading the waste.

12. The method of claim 9, wherein the waste is loaded into the reactor in dosed amounts.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the dosed amounts are loaded into the reactor in compressed form.

14. The method of claim 9, wherein the organic waste with low content of water and the waste of biological origin are loaded into the reactor simultaneously.

15. The method of claim 9, wherein the organic waste with low content of water and the waste of biological origin are loaded into the reactor sequentially.

16. The method of claim 9, wherein pressure inside the reactor is 0.1 to 1.0 Pa less than atmospheric pressure.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein an exhaust pump is provided at the reactor output.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ATTACHED DRAWINGS

[0013] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0014] In the drawings:

[0015] FIG. 1 shows a vertical cross-section of the reactor for implementation of the claimed method.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

[0016] Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

[0017] FIG. 1 shows a vertical cross-section of the reactor for implementation of the claimed method, where the following designators are used: [0018] 1—reactor body with inner cavity; [0019] 2—input opening; [0020] 3—output opening; [0021] 4—inner surface of reactor cavity; [0022] 5—conductive portions of inner surface of reactor cavity; [0023] 6—tipped electrode; [0024] 7—isolating members; [0025] 8—source of high-voltage pulses; [0026] 9—electrode tip; [0027] 10—conductive bottom of reactor; [0028] 11—device for dosed loading waste to be treated; [0029] 12—electrostatic filter with extraction air fan providing depression at reactor output.

[0030] The method is implemented by use of the reactor provided in form of the closed body (1) with a bottom (10) that is made conductive and grounded. The electrode (6) having the tip (9) protrudes into the body (1). The tip (9) is isolated from the conductive bottom (10) of the body (1) and directed towards it. A portion of compressed organic waste with low content of water is loaded from the device (11) for dosed loading of waste to be treated via the input opening (2) of the body (1), after that a portion of compressed waste of biological origin is loaded, while entry of atmospheric air into the body (1) is restricted. High-voltage pulses are supplied to the electrode (6) from the source (8). As it is known from document [1], large number of streamers occur near the tip (9) of the electrode (6) with each pulse. The streamers start multiplying and spreading towards the conductive bottom (10) of the body (1), gradually populating the inter-electrode gap and forming streamer corona discharge. Plasma of the corona discharge exerts an effect on water contained in the waste of biological origin that is loaded into the reactor and causes formation of free radicals upon destruction of water molecules: H.sub.2O.fwdarw.OH.Math.+H.Math., which after their formation, exert influence on the organic waste with low content of water either. In addition, other active substances are formed in the reactor due to corona discharge: O.sub.3, O.sub.2(a.sup.1Δ), H.sub.2O.sub.2, OH, O(.sup.3P), NO, HNO.sub.2 and HNO.sub.3. Corona discharge also causes ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The above-mentioned active substances and UV radiation exert destruction action on any organic and inorganic substances contained in the waste to be treated, thus providing complete destruction thereof and formation of harmless gaseous reaction products, namely, water and carbon dioxide. Non-organic contents of the waste are destroyed by acids. Process of oxidation of organic substances in water is a chain reaction [2]. Low-rate chain reaction may be initiated by atmospheric oxygen and ozone. However, high-rate chain reaction is initiated by OH.Math. radicals only, whose formation in the reactor is caused by effect of corona discharge plasma on water that is contained in the waste of biological origin. In other words, the device provides plasma-chemical destruction of both organic and inorganic substances contained in the waste, including the organic waste with low content of water. Gaseous products of destruction enter the output opening (3) of the reactor.

[0031] Thus, the specified technical effect is attained in form of providing the method of plasma-chemical destruction of both organic and non-organic substances contained in waste, including organic waste with low content of water.

[0032] Having thus described a preferred embodiment, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that certain advantages of the described method and apparatus have been achieved.

[0033] It should also be appreciated that various modifications, adaptations, and alternative embodiments thereof may be made within the scope and spirit of the present invention. The invention is further defined by the following claims.

Non-Patent Documents

[0034] [1] Aristova N. A., Piskarev I. M., Ivanovskiy A. V., Selemir V. D., Spirov G. M., Shlepkin S. I., Initiation of chemical reactions by electrical discharge in dielectric-gas-liquid configuration/Physical Chemistry Journal, 2004, Vol. 78, #7, pages 1326-1331. [0035] [2] Piskarev I. M., Oxidation-reduction processes in water initiated by electrical discharge above water surface/General Chemistry Journal, 2001, Vol. 71, Issue 10, page 1622.