Engine’s efficiency by heat preservation, and engines employing this invent

Abstract

Improving an IC Engine’s thermal efficiency by heat preservation by providing: heat insulation layers to the cylinder, piston crown, combustion chamber and cylinder-head including internal gaps/cavities with or without vacuum; reduced carbonisation of fuel and oil; reduced the thermal shock by exhaust gas recirculation - EGR with control/intake valves, heating and storage tank; improved thermal shock resistance of insulation with flexible/porous thread/fibre and cloth materials bound together by binding with paste, stitching, weaving, braiding or pressed/clamped together; improved distortion resistance using sapphire or tungsten steel; an elongated piston cap or cone; segmented or annular sheet cylinder/liner construction; direct or indirect cooling of fuel injectors with fuel recirculation or spark plugs with high pressure gas jets in pits or slits.

Claims

1-98. (canceled)

99. A type of heat resistant material piston engine comprising heat-resistant material, wherein the heat-resistant material partially or wholly comprises a plurality of smaller members/pieces which are pressed together by an external force, wherein the heat-resistant material form part or all of a piston insulation layer, and/or part or all of a cylinder insulation layer, and/or part or all of a cylinder head insulation layer, and/or part or all of a combustion chamber insulation layer.

100. A type of engine as in claim 99, wherein the smaller members of the heat-resistant material are partially joined together, while other parts are only in contact and are not connected together.

101. A type of engine as in claim 99, wherein the smaller members of the heat-resistant material are compressed together, the smaller members being made into a wire form, and/or in fiber form, and/or in a slim strip form which is tensile resistant and heat resistant, wherein a method of compression may be carried out by seaming, and/or wrapping and/or tying and/or riveting.

102. A type of engine as in claim 101, employing the fiber form and/or the thread form of the heat-resistant material sewing into cloth form, then employing the cloth form materials producing devices and/or smaller devices that form part or all of the piston insulation layer, and/or part or all of the cylinder insulation layer, and/or part or all of the cylinder head insulation layer, and/or part or all of the combustion chamber insulation layer.

103. A type of reciprocal piston engine comprising a heat-resistant thermal insulation material layer for a piston and/or cylinder and/or cylinder head and/or combustion chamber, wherein the thermal insulation material layer contains one or more cracks.

104. A type of engine as claim 103, wherein the crack or cracks are partially or fully filled with materials with lower tensile strength, so that the materials will form the one or more cracks under thermal shock.

Description

[0019] (best mode) :

[0020] The best mode is: The multi-layer heat-resistant fiber cloth described in [0018] is sewn to the piston with a heat-resistant rope, the piston is made of a conventional material such as steel, iron or aluminum alloy. In between the heat-resistant cloth and the piston a strong thermal shock resistance solid intermediate padding layer can be used, such as fiber reinforced porous heat-resistant materials, mullite or glass-ceramic, etc., the heat-resistant fiber cloth is covered with a sapphire sheet, and sewn Together. In order to be able to sew together, the intermediate layers and the sapphire sheet should also be produced with a plurality of small holes so that the heat resistant rope can pass therethrough.

[0021] In order to enhance the thermal shock resistance and to reduce the weight, the aforementioned material’s interior of the intermediate layer may be made hollow, and in order to enhance the strength, the reinforcing ribs or struts may be added to the cavity of the hollow intermediate layer. In order to prevent the said heat-resistant fibrous sheet from being deformed so that some or all of the heat-resistant ropes are made diagonally passing through the multilayer heat-resistant cloth, and the heat-resistant fiber cloth is coated with a heat-resistant material and cured to be a one-body structure. The heat-resistant materials mixed with the heat-resistant cloth such that it’s filled with pores after curing, which will enhance the thermal shock resistance and thermal insulation of the device.

[0022] Since the said material from may become deformed gradually at high temperatures, the multilayer stacking cloth mentioned at may be used around the side of or above the piston insulation layer, and using one or a plurality of layers of materials that are with high resistance of deformation in high temperature, such as sapphire and the like forming wrapping or bracketing layers. In order to have higher strength of the wrapping or bracketing layers, stiffeners and or struts may be used on the inside or outside of the enclosure or the bracketing layer. The shape of the piston insulation is made to be like a rounded table shape. The multi-layer stacked, and mixed with porous heat-resistant material of the ring shape heat-resistant cloth will be sintered into a relatively strong solid, connected to the upper part of the cylinder, to form a cylinder insulation. The lower part of the cylinder which located at the lower part of the piston ring, is made with traditional materials such as steel, iron or aluminum alloy. The outer jacket layer of the cylinder insulation layer is made with steel, iron or aluminum alloy etc. so to increase the strength of the insulation layer. The internal pores of the cylinder insulation is also made to be in the rounded shape and is located close to the piston insulation layer. Inside the cylinder insulation layer, it is also possible to install a wrapping or bracketing layer so that it is not easily deformable at high temperatures as described in [0026] 1).

[0023] In the lower part of the cylinder head, a insulation layer can be sewn to it, such that the heat-resistant cloth is stacked in a multi-layer structure and mixed with a porous heat-resistant material similar to that described in [0026] 2) to form a relatively strong solid, that forms a cylinder head insulation. A hole is created, such that it is the passage path for the intake pipe, and the exhaust pipe, the fuel injection nozzle as well as the spark plug. In order for the cylinder head insulation layer not to be easily deformed, a portion or all of the heat resistant rope is diagonally passed through the said heat-resistant cloth.

[0024] Between the heat-resistant cloth and the cylinder head, a strong thermal shock resistance intermediate layer material can be used, such material choice can be fiber reinforced porous heat-resistant materials, mullite or glass-ceramic, etc. The heat-resistant fiber cloth is to be covered with a sapphire sheet. In order for the structure to be sewn together, the said intermediate layer material and the said sapphire sheet should also be produced with a plurality of small holes through which the heat resistant rope can pass through. In order to enhance the thermal shock resistance and to reduce the weight, the interior of the intermediate layer may be made hollow, and in order to enhance the strength, the reinforcing ribs or struts may be added to the cavity of the hollow in the intermediate layer.

[0025] In order to enhance the strength of the cylinder head insulation layer, the outer circumference of the cylinder head to be made structurally extending outward and downward to form a hat shape structure, which wraps around the upper and the side of the cylinder lid insulation layer, and then the external force is used to press the cylinder head insulation layer onto the cylinder Insulation layer, with such an external force applied to it, the cylinder insulation layer will not be having outward expansion, nor can it be compressed, even if there is small cracks presenting in it, due to the fact that the layer is tightly pressed, so that cracks can not be extended. The cylinder head insulation layer is sewn on the cylinder head, under the heat-resistant ropes’ tension and the cylinder insulation layers pressure, the cylinder head insulation layer will not be producing straight through cracks easily in the structure, thus ensuring the cylinder insulation layer and the cylinder head insulation layer not to be deformed easily.