Abrasive head with clean gas infeed

Abstract

An abrasive head with clean gas infeed for cleaning/removing material surfaces and splitting/cutting materials by a liquid beam enriched with solid abrasive particles to extend the tool lifetime by eliminating damage to the liquid jet's aperture by the abrasive, avoid degrading the abrasive inside the tool and increase the cutting power and flow efficiency.

Claims

1. An abrasive blasting head for at least one of splitting and cutting materials, the abrasive blasting head comprising: a liquid jet source (21) for delivering a liquid jet into a downstream infeed channel (25) of the blasting head, a gas infeed (26) for feeding clean gas into the infeed channel (25), the infeed channel connected to a mixing chamber (22) equipped with at least one mixture infeed (28) fora gas and abrasive mixture (94), the mixing chamber (22) connected to an abrasive jet nozzle (23) characterized by the fact that the liquid jet source (21) leads into the infeed channel (25), which leads into the mixing chamber (22), which leads into the abrasive jet nozzle (23), wherein a longitudinal axis of the liquid jet source (21) and a longitudinal axis of the abrasive jet nozzle (23) are lying along a common tool axis, while, the infeed channel (25) comprises only one gas infeed (26) for clean gas (96), the gas infeed (26) for clean gas being inclined at an angle of 10° to 60° leading downstream relative to the tool axis and wherein an inner cross-section area of the infeed channel (25) is smaller than an inner cross-section area of the abrasive jet nozzle (23), which, in use, results in and guarantees automatic intake of the gas and abrasive mixture (94) into the abrasive jet nozzle, within which the gas and abrasive mixture (94) is accelerated.

2. The abrasive blasting head according to claim 1 characterized by the fact that the mixing chamber (22) contains at least two infeeds for the gas and abrasive mixture (94).

3. The abrasive blasting head according to claim 1 characterized by the fact that the mixture infeed (28) for the gas and abrasive mixture (94) is inclined to the common axis at an angle of 10° to 90°.

Description

SUMMARY OF PRESENTED DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 (Prior Art). Technology status. A tool without separate clean gas infeed 96.

(2) FIG. 2 (Prior Art). A tool with a separate clean air 96 infeed 26.

(3) FIG. 3. An abrasive head according to example 1 with a single liquid jet clean gas infeed 26 in infeed channel 25.

(4) FIG. 4. An abrasive head according to example 2 with a single liquid jet and inclined clean gas infeed 26 into the infeed channel 25.

(5) FIG. 5. An abrasive head according to example 3 with a single liquid jet, inclined clean gas 96 infeed 26 into the infeed channel 25 and inclined infeed 28 of the gas and abrasive mixture 94.

(6) FIG. 6. An abrasive head according to example 4 with a single liquid jet, two inclined clean gas 96 infeeds 26 into the infeed channel 25 and two inclined infeeds 28 of the gas and abrasive mixture 94.

EXAMPLES OF INVENTION EXECUTION

Example 1

(7) Abrasive Head with Clean Gas Infeed into the Common Channel.

(8) FIG. 3 shows a tool design with clean gas intake 96 through the infeed 26 leading into the infeed channel 25 is positioned downstream of the water jet 21 located downstream of the pressurized liquid infeed 73. The water jet 21 is connected to the infeed channel 25 into which the clean gas 96 infeed 26 leads. The tool main components, i.e. water jet 21 (referred to herein as “water jet” or “liquid jet”), mixing chamber 22 and abrasive jet 23 are positioned in the tool axis 55, while the liquid jet 21 axis is identical with the axis of the infeed channel 25 and the tool axis 55. The infeed channel 25 leads into the mixing chamber 22 together with one infeed 28 of the gas and abrasive mixture 94. The inner cross-section of the infeed channel 25 is smaller than the abrasive jet 23 cylindrical part's 75 inner cross-section. This results in the gas and abrasive mixture 94 being suctioned into the mixing chamber 22 through the infeed 28 of the gas and abrasive mixture 94 automatically, just like the clean gas 96 is automatically suctioned through the clean gas 26 infeed 96. The gas and abrasive mixture 94 accelerated by the common high-speed liquid beam 95 enters the abrasive jet 23 connected to the mixing chamber 22. The abrasive jet 23 is positioned in the tool axis 55 at the tool's end. At this point, further acceleration of the described mixture occurs before impacting on the cut material.

(9) The abrasive head bearing housing, where liquid jet 21, mixing chamber housing 22 and abrasive jet body 23 are placed, contains infeed channel 25 downstream of the water jet 21, clean gas 96 infeed 26 and the infeed 28 of the gas and abrasive mixture 94. It's made of 17-4PH steel. The mixing chamber housing 22 is made of hard metal. The abrasive jet's housing 23 is made of hard metal. Clean gas 96 infeed 26 made of 17022 steel is connected to the abrasive head's bearing housing. Gas and abrasive mixture 94 infeed 28 made of 17022 steel is connected to the abrasive head's bearing housing.

(10) In case of a tool made according to example 1, there is no gas recirculation thanks to the presence of the clean gas 96 infeed 26 into the infeed channel 25. Thanks to the recirculation avoidance, the abrasive particles don't get near and don't harm the liquid jet 21 while avoiding their degradation here.

Example 2

(11) An Abrasive Head with Inclined Clean Gas Infeed into the Infeed Channel.

(12) FIG. 4 shows a tool design example with clean gas intake 96 through the infeed 26 leading into the common channel 25 under an angle of 55° to the tool axis 55 downstream after the water jet 21 installed after the pressurized liquid infeed 73. The water jet 21 is connected to the infeed channel 25 into which the clean gas 96 infeed 26 leads. The tool main components, i.e. water jet 21, mixing chamber 22 and abrasive jet 23 are positioned in the tool axis 55, while the liquid jet 21 axis 56 is identical with the axis of the infeed channel 25 and the tool axis 55. The infeed channel 25 leads into the mixing chamber 22 together with one infeed 28 of the gas and abrasive mixture 94. The inner cross-section of the infeed channel 25 is greater than the abrasive jet 23 cylindrical part's 75 inner cross-section. This results in the gas and abrasive mixture 94 being suctioned into the mixing chamber 22 through the infeed 28 of the gas and abrasive mixture 94 by overpressure, with the clean gas 96 being automatically suctioned through the clean gas 96 infeed 26. The gas and abrasive mixture 94 accelerated by the common high-speed liquid beam 95 enters the abrasive jet 23 connected to the mixing chamber 22. The abrasive jet 23 is positioned in the tool axis 55 at the tool's end. At this point, further acceleration of the described mixture occurs before impacting on the cut material.

(13) The abrasive head bearing housing, where liquid jet body 21 and abrasive jet body 22 are placed, contains infeed channel 25 downstream the water jet 21, mixing chamber 22 and the infeed 28 of the gas and abrasive mixture 94. It's made of 1.4057 abrasion-resistant steel. The abrasive jet's housing 23 is made of hard metal. Clean gas 96 infeed 26 made of 17346 steel is connected to the abrasive head's bearing housing. The gas and abrasive mixture 94 infeed 28 made of 17346 steel is connected to the abrasive head's bearing housing.

(14) In case of a tool made according to example 2, there is no gas recirculation thanks to the presence of the clean gas 96 infeed 26 into the infeed channel 25. Thanks to the recirculation avoidance, the abrasive particles don't get near and don't harm the liquid jet 21 while avoiding their degradation here.

Example 3

(15) An Abrasive Head with Inclined Gas and Abrasive Mixture Infeed and Inclined Clean Gas Infeed.

(16) FIG. 5 shows a tool design example with clean gas intake 96 through the infeed 26 leading into the infeed channel 25 downstream of the water jet 21 located downstream of the pressurized liquid infeed 73. The water jet 21 is connected to the infeed channel 25 into which the clean gas 96 infeed 26 leads, inclined to the tool axis 55 by 60° downstream of the water jet 21. The tool main components, i.e. water jet 21, mixing chamber 22 and abrasive jet 23 are positioned in the tool axis 55, while the liquid jet 21 axis 56 is identical with the axis of the infeed channel 25 and the tool axis 55. The infeed channel 25 leads into the mixing chamber 22 together with one infeed 28 of the gas and abrasive mixture 94 inclined to the tool axis 55 by 50° downstream. The inner cross-section of the infeed channel 25 is smaller than the abrasive jet 23 cylindrical part's 75 inner cross-section. This results in the gas and abrasive mixture 94 being suctioned into the shaped mixing chamber 22 through the infeed 28 of the gas and abrasive mixture 94 automatically, just like the clean gas 96 is automatically suctioned through the clean gas 26 infeed 96. The gas and abrasive mixture 94 accelerated by the common high-speed liquid beam 95 enters the abrasive jet 23 connected to the mixing chamber 22. The abrasive jet 23 is positioned in the tool axis 55 at the tool's end. At this point, further acceleration of the described mixture occurs before impacting on the cut material.

(17) The abrasive head bearing housing, where liquid jet body 21, mixing chamber housing 22 and abrasive jet body 23 are placed, contains infeed channel 25 downstream of the water jet 21, clean gas 96 infeed 26 and the infeed 28 of the gas and abrasive mixture 94. It's made of 17022 steel. The mixing chamber housing 22 is made of hard metal. The abrasive jet's housing 23 is made of hard metal. The liquid jet 21 is made of sapphire and the infeed channels 25 are made of PVC. Clean gas 96 infeed 26 made of 17022 steel is connected to the abrasive head's bearing housing. Gas and abrasive mixture 94 infeed 28 made of 17-4PH steel is connected to the abrasive head's bearing housing.

(18) In case of a tool made according to example 3, there is no gas recirculation thanks to the presence of the clean gas 96 infeed 26 into the infeed channel 25. Thanks to the recirculation avoidance, the abrasive particles don't get near and don't harm the liquid jet 21 while avoiding their degradation here.

Example 4

(19) An Abrasive Head with Two Inclined Gas and Abrasive Mixture Infeeds and Inclined Clean Gas Infeeds.

(20) FIG. 6 shows a tool design example with clean gas intake 96 through the infeed 26 leading into the infeed channel 25 downstream of the water jet 21 located downstream of the pressurized liquid infeed 73. The water jet 21 is connected to the infeed channel 25 into which two clean gas 96 infeeds 26 leads, inclined to the tool axis 55 by 60° downstream. The tool main components, i.e. water jet 21, mixing chamber 22 and abrasive jet 23 are positioned in the tool axis 55, while the liquid jet 21 axis 56 is identical with the axis of the infeed channel 25 and the tool axis 55. The infeed channel 25 leads into the mixing chamber 22 together with two infeeds 28 of the gas and abrasive mixture 94 inclined to the tool axis 55 by 55° downstream. The gas and abrasive 94 mixture infeeds 28 are connected to the distributor of the gas and abrasive mixture 94. The inner cross-section of the infeed channel 25 is smaller than the abrasive jet 23 cylindrical part's 75 inner cross-section. This results in the gas and abrasive mixture 94 being suctioned into the shaped mixing chamber 22 through the infeeds 28 of the gas and abrasive mixture 94 automatically, just like the clean gas 96 is automatically suctioned through the clean gas 26 infeed 96. The gas and abrasive mixture 94 accelerated by the common high-speed liquid beam 95 enters the abrasive jet 23 connected to the mixing chamber 22. The abrasive jet 23 is positioned in the tool axis 55 at the tool's end. At this point, further acceleration of the described mixture occurs before impacting on the cut material.

(21) The abrasive head bearing housing, where liquid jet body 21, mixing chamber housing 22 and abrasive jet body 23 are placed, contains infeed channel 25 downstream of the water jet 21, clean gas 96 infeed 26 and the infeed 28 of the gas and abrasive mixture 94. It's made of 17022 steel. The mixing chamber housing 22 is made of hard metal. The abrasive jet's housing 23 is made of hard metal. The liquid jet 21 is made of sapphire and the infeed channels 25 are made of PVC. Clean gas 96 infeed 26 made of 17022 steel is connected to the abrasive head's bearing housing. Gas and abrasive mixture 94 infeed 28 made of 17-4PH steel is connected to the abrasive head's bearing housing.

(22) In case of a tool made according to example 4, there is no gas recirculation thanks to the presence of the clean gas 96 infeed 26 into the infeed channel 25. Thanks to the recirculation avoidance, the abrasive particles don't get near and don't harm the liquid jet 21 while avoiding their degradation here.

LIST REFERENCE MARKS

(23) 21—liquid jet or water jet 22—mixing chamber 23—abrasive jet 25—infeed channel 26—clean gas infeeds 96 28—infeeds of gas and abrasive mixture 94 55—tool axis 73—pressurized liquid infeed 75—abrasive jet cylindrical section 23 94—gas and abrasive mixture 95—liquid beam 96—clean gas

APPLICABILITY IN INDUSTRY

(24) Cleaning materials, removing material surfaces, splitting or cutting materials by liquid beam enriched with abrasive solid particles.