CREATION OF INJECTION MOLDS VIA ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING

Abstract

Methods of manufacturing an injection mold component are provided. The methods include printing a plurality of layers of a material into a near net shape mold of the injection mold component. The printing includes forming each layer in the plurality of layers upon another layer in the plurality of layers such that a volumetric part cavity is positioned between the plurality of layers. The volumetric part cavity corresponds to a coarse model of at least a portion of an injection moldable part. The method further includes removing material from the plurality of layers, whereby the volumetric part cavity expands to correspond to a precise model of the at least a portion of the injection moldable part and to form the injection mold component.

Claims

1-20. (canceled)

21. A method of manufacturing an injection mold component, the method comprising: forming a first layer of a material comprising a first layer first portion and a first layer second portion separated from the first layer first portion by a first gap, the first layer first portion having a first layer edge contiguous with the first gap; forming a second layer of the material upon the first layer, the second layer comprising a second layer first portion and a second layer second portion separated from the second layer first portion by a second gap, the second layer first portion having a second layer edge contiguous with the second gap; forming a third layer of the material upon the second layer, the third layer comprising a third layer first portion and a third layer second portion separated from the third layer first portion by a third gap, the third layer first portion having a third layer edge contiguous with the third gap, the third layer cooperating with the first layer and the second layer to form at least a portion of a volumetric part cavity corresponding to at least a portion of a coarse model of an injection moldable part, the volumetric part cavity centered on a center axis; removing a first layer first removal portion of the first layer first portion, the first layer first removal portion extending from the first layer edge to a first layer pickup point on the first layer first portion, the first layer pickup point separated from the center axis by a first distance; removing a second layer first removal portion of the second layer first portion, the second layer first removal portion extending from the second layer edge to a second layer pickup point on the second layer first portion, the second layer pickup point separated from the center axis by a second distance, the second distance greater than the first distance; and removing a third layer first removal portion of the third layer first portion, the third layer first removal portion extending from the third layer edge to a third layer pickup point on the third layer first portion, the third layer pickup point separated from the center axis by a third distance, the third distance less than the second distance.

22. The method of manufacturing of claim 21, further comprising removing a first layer second removal portion of the first layer second portion.

23. The method of manufacturing of claim 22, further comprising removing a second layer second removal portion of the second layer second portion.

24. The method of manufacturing of claim 23, further comprising removing a third layer second removal portion of the third layer second portion.

25. The method of manufacturing of claim 21, further comprising injecting a molten material into the first gap, the second gap, and the third gap after removing the first layer first removal portion, the second layer first removal portion, and the third layer first removal portion.

26. The method of manufacturing of claim 25, further comprising removing at least a portion of the injection moldable part after injecting the molten material.

27. The method of manufacturing of claim 25, wherein forming the first layer comprises three-dimensional printing, stereolithography, metal sintering, or melting.

28. The method of manufacturing of claim 25, wherein removing the first layer first removal portion comprises machining.

29. The method of manufacturing of claim 25, further comprising obtaining the coarse model before forming the first layer, forming the second layer, or forming the third layer.

30. The method of manufacturing of claim 25, further comprising generating the coarse model before forming the first layer, forming the second layer, or forming the third layer.

31. The method of manufacturing of claim 25, wherein: forming the first layer comprises forming the first layer of a metal; forming the second layer comprises forming the second layer of the metal; and forming the third layer comprises forming the third layer of the metal.

32. The method of manufacturing of claim 25, wherein: forming the first layer comprises forming the first layer of a nickel superalloy; forming the second layer comprises forming the second layer of the nickel superalloy; and forming the third layer comprises forming the third layer of the nickel superalloy.

33. The method of manufacturing of claim 25, wherein at least one of: forming the second layer comprises forming the second layer such that the second layer is parallel to the first layer; or forming the third layer comprises forming the third layer such that the third layer is parallel to the first layer.

34. The method of manufacturing of claim 25, wherein at least one of: forming the first layer comprises forming the first layer such that the first layer first portion has a first thickness and forming the second layer comprises forming the second layer such that the second layer first portion has a second thickness equal to the first thickness; forming the first layer comprises forming the first layer such that the first layer first portion has a first thickness and forming the third layer comprises forming the third layer such that the third layer first portion has a third thickness equal to the first thickness; or forming the second layer comprises forming the second layer such that the second layer first portion has a second thickness and forming the third layer comprises forming the third layer such that the third layer first portion has a third thickness equal to the second thickness.

35. The method of manufacturing of claim 25, wherein at least one of: forming the first layer comprises forming the first layer such that the first layer first portion has a first thickness, the first thickness being variable; forming the second layer comprises forming the second layer such that the second layer first portion has a second thickness, the second thickness being variable; forming the third layer comprises forming the third layer such that the third layer first portion has a third thickness, the third thickness being variable.

36. The method of manufacturing of claim 25, wherein at least one of: forming the first layer comprises forming the first layer such that the first layer first portion has a first thickness and forming the second layer comprises forming the second layer such that the second layer first portion has a second thickness different from the first thickness; forming the first layer comprises forming the first layer such that the first layer first portion has a first thickness and forming the third layer comprises forming the third layer such that the third layer first portion has a third thickness different from the first thickness; or forming the second layer comprises forming the second layer such that the second layer first portion has a second thickness and forming the third layer comprises forming the third layer such that the third layer first portion has a third thickness different from the second thickness.

37. A method of manufacturing an injection mold component, the method comprising: forming a first layer of a material comprising a first layer first portion and a first layer second portion separated from the first layer first portion by a first gap, the first layer first portion having a first layer first edge contiguous with the first gap, the first layer second portion having a first layer second edge contiguous with the first gap; forming a second layer of the material upon the first layer, the second layer comprising a second layer first portion and a second layer second portion separated from the second layer first portion by a second gap, the second layer first portion having a second layer first edge contiguous with the second gap, the second layer second portion having a second layer second edge contiguous with the second gap, the second layer cooperating with the first layer and to form at least a portion of a volumetric part cavity corresponding to at least a portion of a coarse model of an injection moldable part, the volumetric part cavity centered on a center axis; removing a first layer first removal portion of the first layer first portion, the first layer first removal portion extending from the first layer first edge to a first layer first pickup point on the first layer first portion, the first layer first pickup point separated from the center axis by a first distance; removing a first layer second removal portion of the first layer second portion, the first layer second removal portion extending from the first layer second edge to a first layer second pickup point on the first layer second portion, the first layer second pickup point separated from the center axis by a second distance; removing a second layer first removal portion of the second layer first portion, the second layer first removal portion extending from the second layer first edge to a second layer first pickup point on the second layer first portion, the second layer first pickup point separated from the center axis by a third distance, the third distance greater than the first distance; and removing a second layer second removal portion of the second layer second portion, the second layer second removal portion extending from the second layer second edge to a second layer second pickup point on the second layer second portion, the second layer second pickup point separated from the center axis by a fourth distance, the fourth distance less than the second distance.

38. The method of manufacturing of claim 37, further comprising: injecting a molten material into the first gap and the second gap after removing the first layer first removal portion, the first layer second removal portion, the second layer first removal portion, and the second layer second removal portion; and removing at least a portion of the injection moldable part after injecting the molten material.

39. A method of manufacturing an injection mold component, the method comprising: forming a first layer of a material; forming a second layer of the material upon the first layer, the second layer comprising a second layer first portion and a second layer second portion separated from the second layer first portion by a first gap, the second layer first portion having a second layer first edge contiguous with the first gap, the second layer second portion having a second layer second edge contiguous with the first gap, the first layer extending between the second layer first portion and the second layer second portion; forming a third layer of the material upon the second layer, the third layer comprising a third layer first portion and a third layer second portion separated from the third layer first portion by a second gap, the third layer first portion having a third layer first edge contiguous with the second gap, the third layer second portion having a third layer second edge contiguous with the second gap, the third layer cooperating with the first layer and the second layer to form at least a portion of a volumetric part cavity corresponding to at least a portion of a coarse model of an injection moldable part, the volumetric part cavity centered on a center axis; removing a second layer first removal portion of the second layer first portion, the second layer first removal portion extending from the second layer first edge to a second layer first pickup point on the second layer first portion, the second layer first pickup point separated from the center axis by a first distance; removing a second layer second removal portion of the second layer second portion, the second layer second removal portion extending from the second layer second edge to a second layer second pickup point on the second layer second portion, the second layer second pickup point separated from the center axis by a second distance less than the first distance; removing a third layer first removal portion of the third layer first portion, the third layer first removal portion extending from the third layer first edge to a third layer first pickup point on the third layer first portion, the third layer first pickup point separated from the center axis by a third distance, the third distance greater than the first distance; and removing a third layer second removal portion of the third layer second portion, the third layer second removal portion extending from the third layer second edge to a third layer second pickup point on the third layer second portion, the third layer second pickup point separated from the center axis by a fourth distance, the fourth distance greater than the third distance.

40. The method of manufacturing of claim 39, further comprising: injecting a molten material into the first gap and the second gap after removing the second layer first removal portion, the second layer second removal portion, the third layer first removal portion, and the third layer second removal portion; and removing at least a portion of the injection moldable part after injecting the molten material.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] The skilled artisan will understand that the drawings primarily are for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the subject matter described herein. The drawings are not necessarily to scale; in some instances, various aspects of the subject matter disclosed herein may be shown exaggerated or enlarged in the drawings to facilitate an understanding of different features. In the drawings, like reference characters generally refer to like features (e.g., functionally similar and/or structurally similar elements).

[0010] FIG. 1 illustrates a flow diagram for a method of manufacturing an injection mold component, in accordance with example embodiments.

[0011] FIG. 2 illustrates a side view of a near net shape mold of the injection mold component, in accordance with example embodiments.

[0012] FIG. 3 illustrates a top view of the near net shape mold of FIG. 2.

[0013] The features and advantages of the inventive concepts disclosed herein will become more apparent from the detailed description set forth below when taken in conjunction with the drawings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] Following below are more detailed descriptions of various concepts related to, and embodiments of, inventive methods and systems for manufacturing an injection mold component. It should be appreciated that various concepts introduced above and discussed in greater detail below may be implemented in any of numerous ways, as the disclosed concepts are not limited to any particular manner of implementation. Examples of specific implementations and applications are provided primarily for illustrative purposes.

[0015] FIG. 1 illustrates a flow diagram for a method of manufacturing an injection mold component, in accordance with example embodiments. In a first process 101, a three-dimensional computer rendering of the part to be injection molded is obtained. In process 101, a three-dimensional computer rendering of a near net shape mold is generated based on the part of process 102. The near net shape mold is provided in the form of a plurality of layers having a volumetric part cavity recessed within the plurality of layers. The plurality of layers, which are formed by additive manufacturing, includes machining pick-up points identifying the extra material from each layer that needs to be removed from a portion of each layer that in order to form the final precise interior surface or mold cavity having the surface finish and size that will be used to injection mold the part. In example embodiments, the machining pick-up points may be identified such that a maximum distance is not exceeded between any two points. Accordingly, the near net shape mold formed provides a coarse model of the part to be injection molded and forms a volumetric cavity having a cavity volume that is less than the volume of the part to be machined. In accordance with particular embodiments, the thickness of each layer additively formed is determined based in part on the maximum energy available to cure each layer of material added via the additive manufacturing machine implemented.

[0016] In process 103, the near net shape mold is manufactured through an additive manufacturing technique. Additive manufacturing in accordance with example embodiments includes methods of creating an object by adding material to the object layer by layer. Additive manufacturing in accordance with example embodiments, includes, but is not limited to, three-dimensional printing, stereolithography, metal sintering or melting (e.g., selective laser sintering, direct metal laser sintering, selective laser melting, etc.), and other three-dimensional layering techniques. In process 104, extra material is removed from layers of the plurality of layers within the volumetric cavity. The extra material may be removed by a machining process, including but not limited to computer numerically controlled machining. Accordingly the volumetric part cavity expands, upon removal of the extra material from the additively formed layers, to cause the expanded volumetric part cavity to correspond to a precise model of the cavity for the injection molded part. The cavity obtained via expansion leaves a mold surface that will operate as the contact surface of the finished part being injection molded to give the required surface finish of the part. The material removed is identified based off of pre-identified points corresponding to locations on the injection molded part. In example embodiments, two mold cavities may be formed by processes 101-104 and the molds may be joined, for example in an injection molded machine for injection of a mold material to form a part. The mold material includes a metallic material in particular embodiments. In particular embodiments, an injection channel is formed in the mold for introduction of molten material into the mold to form an injection molded part. In particular embodiments, an exhaust channel is formed in the mold for air exhaustion upon introduction of molten material into the mold. The injection channel and the exhaust channel extend from a peripheral portion of the mold into the cavity. In example embodiments, one or more channels may be formed in the mold for introduction of a cooling fluid. In particular embodiments, the cooling fluid channels are positioned adjacent the mold cavity and extend to an outer peripheral portion of the mold for injection of the cooling fluid. The cooling fluid channels follow the contour of the mold cavity having at least a portion of a layer disposed between the channel and the cavity, in accordance with particular embodiments. Forming the cooling fluid channels adjacent to the cavity and in a corresponding contour to the mold cavity in accordance with particular embodiments is advantageous because it allows the cooling channels to extend adjacent to cavity for a greater distance than a straight channel and thus, permits greater heat exchange from the molten material injected into the cavity to the cooling fluid flowing in the cooling channel. The increased heat exchange permits the molten material to be cooled and hardened into the injection molded part more quickly, thereby reducing production time. The cooling fluid channels are formed via the plurality of layers of the mold via additive manufacturing. Accordingly, the cooling fluid channels have a coarse surface that interfaces with the fluid formed by the distinct layers. The coarse surface of the cooling channels provides a surface roughness within the channel that causes increased turbulence in the flow of cooling fluid flowing through the cooling channels, which advantageously increases the cooling efficiency of the cooling passages.

[0017] FIG. 2 illustrates a side view of a near net shape mold 201 of the injection mold component, in accordance with example embodiments. The near net shape mold 201 is composed of a plurality of layers 202a-202h stacked and formed on top of one another in accordance with example embodiments. The plurality of layers 202a-202h may have a uniform thickness or a variable thickness in accordance with example embodiments. The plurality of layers 202a-202h may each have a uniform thickness or may vary in thickness and may be planar or may be positioned in a plurality of planes. The plurality of layers 202a-202h form a volumetric cavity 203 that outlines a 3-D coarse model of the part to be formed by injection molding in the final injection mold formed from the near net shape mold 201. In an example embodiment, each of the plurality of layers 202a-202h of the near net shape mold 201 has a thickness that is larger than a geometric tolerance of a corresponding portion of the injection molded part. Because the near net shape mold 201 is later machined to a precise tolerance to form the final injection mold, the additive manufacturing process to form the plurality of layers 202a-202h of the near net shape mold 201 may utilize relatively large layer thicknesses. The thickness of the layers 202a-202h may be optimized to increase the efficiency of the entire process, including the additive process and the machining process in accordance with particular embodiments. For example, the thickness of the layers may be determined based in part on the maximum energy available to cure each layer of material added via the additive manufacturing machine implemented.

[0018] The plurality of layers 202a-202h include a plurality of machining pick-up points 204 identifying the portion of each layer that is to be removed via subtractive manufacturing or machining to expand the volumetric cavity 203 into a precise model of the at least a portion of the injection moldable part. In some embodiments, the pick-up points 204 include features formed in the volumetric cavity 203 that are used to define positions of features of the volumetric cavity 203 within orthogonal datum planes. For example, dimensions of the volumetric cavity 203 may be measured from the pick-up points 204 in order to ensure consistent measurements. Because the pick-up points 204 are formed in the volumetric cavity 203, the pick-up points 204 are also formed in the part to be molded. Accordingly, the pick-up points 204 of the part may be used to verify dimensions of the part. In addition, a jig or machine tool may locate against the pick-up points 204. The pick-up points 204 may also be used during a subsequent machining process to locate the part with respect to the machine tool.

[0019] FIG. 3 illustrates a top view of the near net shape mold of FIG. 2. As demonstrated in FIG. 3, the plurality of layers 202a-202h generally expands in a plane to form the volumetric cavity 203. In accordance with example embodiments, the plurality of layers 202a-202h may have a corresponding dimension in one or more direction and may also facilitate undercuts in the injection mold.

[0020] As utilized herein, the terms “approximately,” “about,” “substantially” and similar terms are intended to have a broad meaning in harmony with the common and accepted usage by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the subject matter of this disclosure pertains. It should be understood by those of skill in the art who review this disclosure that these terms are intended to allow a description of certain features described without restricting the scope of these features to the precise numerical ranges provided. Accordingly, these terms should be interpreted as indicating that insubstantial or inconsequential modifications or alterations of the subject matter described and are considered to be within the scope of the disclosure.

[0021] For the purpose of this disclosure, the term “coupled” means the joining of two members directly or indirectly to one another. Such joining may be stationary or moveable in nature. Such joining may be achieved with the two members or the two members and any additional intermediate members being integrally formed as a single unitary body with one another or with the two members or the two members and any additional intermediate members being attached to one another. Such joining may be permanent in nature or may be removable or releasable in nature.

[0022] It should be noted that the orientation of various elements may differ according to other exemplary embodiments, and that such variations are intended to be encompassed by the present disclosure. It is recognized that features of the disclosed embodiments can be incorporated into other disclosed embodiments.

[0023] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of apparatuses or the components thereof as shown in the various exemplary embodiments are illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters, mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter disclosed. For example, elements shown as integrally formed may be constructed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of discrete elements or positions may be altered or varied. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative embodiments. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may also be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the various exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0024] While various inventive embodiments have been described and illustrated herein, those of ordinary skill in the art will readily envision a variety of other mechanisms and/or structures for performing the function and/or obtaining the results and/or one or more of the advantages described herein, and each of such variations and/or modifications is deemed to be within the scope of the inventive embodiments described herein. More generally, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that, unless otherwise noted, any parameters, dimensions, materials, and configurations described herein are meant to be exemplary and that the actual parameters, dimensions, materials, and/or configurations will depend upon the specific application or applications for which the inventive teachings is/are used. Those skilled in the art will recognize, or be able to ascertain using no more than routine experimentation, many equivalents to the specific inventive embodiments described herein. It is, therefore, to be understood that the foregoing embodiments are presented by way of example only and that, within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereto, inventive embodiments may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described and claimed. Inventive embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to each individual feature, system, article, material, kit, and/or method described herein. In addition, any combination of two or more such features, systems, articles, materials, kits, and/or methods, if such features, systems, articles, materials, kits, and/or methods are not mutually inconsistent, is included within the inventive scope of the present disclosure.

[0025] Also, the technology described herein may be embodied as a method, of which at least one example has been provided. The acts performed as part of the method may be ordered in any suitable way unless otherwise specifically noted. Accordingly, embodiments may be constructed in which acts are performed in an order different than illustrated, which may include performing some acts simultaneously, even though shown as sequential acts in illustrative embodiments.

[0026] The indefinite articles “a” and “an,” as used herein in the specification and in the claims, unless clearly indicated to the contrary, should be understood to mean “at least one.” As used herein in the specification and in the claims, “or” should be understood to have the same meaning as “and/or” as defined above. For example, when separating items in a list, “or” or “and/or” shall be interpreted as being inclusive, i.e., the inclusion of at least one, but also including more than one, of a number or list of elements, and, optionally, additional unlisted items. Only terms clearly indicated to the contrary, such as “only one of” or “exactly one of” will refer to the inclusion of exactly one element of a number or list of elements. In general, the term “or” as used herein shall only be interpreted as indicating exclusive alternatives (i.e. “one or the other but not both”) when preceded by terms of exclusivity, such as “either,” “one of,” “only one of,” or “exactly one of.”

[0027] As used herein in the specification and in the claims, the phrase “at least one,” in reference to a list of one or more elements, should be understood to mean at least one element selected from any one or more of the elements in the list of elements, but not necessarily including at least one of each and every element specifically listed within the list of elements and not excluding any combinations of elements in the list of elements. This definition also allows that elements may optionally be present other than the elements specifically identified within the list of elements to which the phrase “at least one” refers, whether related or unrelated to those elements specifically identified. Thus, as a non-limiting example, “at least one of A and B” (or, equivalently, “at least one of A or B,” or, equivalently “at least one of A and/or B”) can refer, in one embodiment, to at least one, optionally including more than one, A, with no B present (and optionally including elements other than B); in another embodiment, to at least one, optionally including more than one, B, with no A present (and optionally including elements other than A); in yet another embodiment, to at least one, optionally including more than one, A, and at least one, optionally including more than one, B (and optionally including other elements); etc.

[0028] In the claims, as well as in the specification above, all transitional phrases such as “comprising,” “including,” “carrying,” “having,” “containing,” “involving,” “holding,” “composed of,” and the like are to be understood to be open-ended, i.e., to mean including but not limited to.

[0029] The claims should not be read as limited to the described order or elements unless stated to that effect. It should be understood that various changes in form and detail may be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims. All embodiments that come within the spirit and scope of the following claims and equivalents thereto are claimed.