ELECTRON-BEAM WELDING NICKEL-BASED SUPERALLOYS, AND DEVICE

Abstract

A method for electron-beam welding of nickel-based superalloys includes joining two components of a component to be produced of nickel-based superalloys by electron radiation in which the electron radiation is guided with a feed rate of 12 mm/min to 120 mm/min, in particular of 40 mm/min to 80 mm/min, over a joining zone of the two components. A device for the electron-beam welding of two components to form a component of nickel-based alloys, which has at least a vacuum chamber, in which an electron radiation or laser radiation is generated and is directed onto a joining zone of two components to be joined.

Claims

1. A method for joining two components of a component to be produced of nickel-based superalloys by means of electron radiation, the method comprising: guiding the electron radiation with a feed rate of 12 mm/min to 120 mm/min, over a joining zone of the two components.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the components to be joined are pressed together during the joining by means of a force.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the components to be joined are turned by means of a turning device during the joining.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the joining via electron radiation has an energy per unit length of higher than 600 J/mm.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein bath support is used in a cavity or hollow components.

6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein one component has a shoulder, and the other component is formed as complementary thereto.

7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the shoulder is present on a surface facing away from the electron radiation.

8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a laser beam in a vacuum is used instead of the electron radiation.

9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the components comprise the same alloy.

10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the components comprise different alloys.

11. A device for electron-beam welding of two components to form a component of nickel-based alloys, comprising: a vacuum chamber, wherein an electron radiation or laser radiation is adapted to be generated and directed onto a joining zone of two components to be joined.

12. The device as claimed in claim 11, further comprising: a turning device for turning the components.

13. The device as claimed in claim 11, further comprising: means for pressing together the components by means of a force during the joining.

14. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feed rate is 40 mm/min to 80 mm/min.

15. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feed rate is 0.2 mm/s or 0.5 mm/s or 1.0 mm/s or 2.0 mm/s.

16. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the joining via electron radiation has an accelerating voltage of 80 kV to 260 kV.

17. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the joining via electron radiation has an accelerating voltage of 80 kV, 120 kV, 160 kV.

18. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the joining via electron radiation has a beam current of 8 mA-20 mA.

19. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the joining via electron radiation has a beam current of 8 mA, 14 mA, 20 mA.

20. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the joining via electron radiation has a focal position as surface focus ±3 mm.

21. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the joining via electron radiation is at a vacuum at 1030 Pa-1050 Pa.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 schematically show the device and the procedure of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION

[0019] The figures and the description only represent exemplary embodiments of the invention.

[0020] FIG. 1 schematically shows an installation 1 with a vacuum chamber 3, in which 3 a component 4 to be joined made up of the components 4′ and 4″ is arranged or can be arranged, and an electron-beam gun 7, which emits electron beams 10.

[0021] The electron-beam gun 7 or the laser may also be arranged outside the vacuum chamber 3, the beams then being coupled into the vacuum chamber 3.

[0022] The component 4 to be produced is advantageously pressed together at both opposite ends 22′, 22″ with a force 19′, 19″, and so the joining zone 16 is pressed together.

[0023] Preferably, a peripheral weld seam or join is produced, achieved by the component being turned about an axis 13 by means of a turning device.

[0024] The joining zone has a shoulder, which has a length of 8 mm to 12 mm.

[0025] The following parameters are advantageously used: welding with energy per unit length of higher than 600 J/mm; or a feed rate of 0.2 . . . 0.5 . . . 1.0 . . . 2.0 mm/s; an accelerating voltage of 80 . . . 120 . . . 160 kV; a beam current of 8 . . . 14 . . . 20 mA; a focal position as surface focus ±3 mm; a vacuum of 10.sup.3-10.sup.5 mbar; use of running-in and out devices required.

[0026] Beam welding of a hollow component, in particular a hollow blade of a nickel-based superalloy, with electron beams in a process chamber with optional internal bath support is proposed, as shown in the present schematic representation.

[0027] FIG. 2 shows the components 4′, 4″ to be joined and cavity 5, the component 4′ advantageously having a projection or shoulder 30 on an inner side 36.

[0028] The electron radiation 10 impinges on the opposite surface 33.

[0029] The shoulder 30 is present on the inner side 36 facing away from the electron radiation 10.

[0030] Thus, slipping transversely to the longitudinal direction or direction of the force 19′, 19″ is avoided.

[0031] The principle can also be applied to laser irradiation in a vacuum.

[0032] The components (4′, 4″) may comprise the same alloy or different alloys.

[0033] Different means that at least one alloying element (not an impurity) is present to a greater or lesser extent or that at least a proportion of the same alloying element differs by at least 20%