AQUEOUS PIGMENT PREPARATIONS AND THEIR USE IN TINTING SYSTEMS AND FOR DYEING COATING AGENTS

Abstract

Aqueous pigment preparations contain at least one organic and/or inorganic pigment and/or filler, at least one dispersant of formula (I) or (II), or mixtures of dispersants of formulae (I) and (II), wherein n is an integer ≥1, z is an integer ≥1, R1 is an aliphatic, linear or branched hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 30 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom or the structural unit —O—X or the structural unit CH.sub.2—O—X, and the structural unit X of formula (III), wherein a is an integer from 1 to 50, b is an integer from 0 to 50, c is an integer from 1 to 100, m is an integer from 1 to 50, R2 is an aliphatic, linear or branched hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, Y is hydrogen, SO.sub.3M, —SO.sub.2M, —PO.sub.3M.sub.2, —CH.sub.2COOM and M is hydrogen or a cation. Additional additives may be present.

Claims

1. Use of an aqueous pigment preparation for pigmenting natural or synthetic materials, the pigment preparation comprising (A) at least one organic and/or inorganic pigment and/or filler (B) at least one dispersant of the formula (I) or (II), or mixtures of the dispersants of the formulae (I) and (II), ##STR00009## where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, z is an integer greater than or equal to 1, R1 is an aliphatic, linear or branched hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, or a hydrogen atom, or the structural unit —O—X or the structural unit —CH.sub.2—O—X, and structural unit X corresponds to the formula (III) ##STR00010## in which a is an integer from 1 to 50, preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 10, b is an integer from 0 to 50, preferably 0 to 20, more preferably 0 to 10, c is an integer from 1 to 100, preferably 10 to 50, m is an integer from 1 to 50, preferably 1 to 10, R2 is an aliphatic, linear or branched hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, Y is —SO.sub.3M, —SO.sub.2M, —O.sub.3M.sub.2, —CH.sub.2COOM, and M is hydrogen or a cation, preferably from the group of Na.sup.+, K.sup.+, NH.sub.4.sup.+, triethanolammonium, or a combination thereof, and water, wherein the pigment preparation is used in a tinting system as a coloring component, and wherein the coloring of a tinting base, which is a liquid binder system present in white or transparent or chromatic form, is achieved by software-controlled metering of the pigment preparation.

2. The use as claimed in claim 1, wherein: (C) one or more wetting agents, (D) and/or further surfactants and/or dispersants, (E) and/or one or more hydrotropic substances and/or one or more organic solvents and/or mixtures thereof, (F) and/or one or more binders and/or cobinders, (G) and/or further adjuvants customary for producing aqueous pigment dispersions, and (H) optionally water are employed.

3. The use as claimed in claim 1, comprising 5 to 80 wt % of component (A).

4. The use as claimed in claim 1, comprising 0.1 to 30 wt % of component (B).

5. The use as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following composition of components (A) to (H): (A) 5 to 80 wt %, more particularly 10 to 70 wt %, (B) 0.1 to 30 wt %, more particularly 2 to 20 wt %, (C) 0 to 10 wt %, more particularly 0.1 to 5 wt %, (D) 0 to 20 wt %, more particularly 1 to 10 wt %, (E) 0 to 30 wt %, more particularly 5 to 20 wt %, (F) 0 to 30 wt %, more particularly 1 to 10 wt %, (G) 0 to 20 wt %, more particularly 0.1 to 5 wt %, (H) balance water, based in each case on the total weight (100 wt %) of the pigment preparation.

6. The use as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic pigment of component (A) is a monoazo, disazo, laked azo, β-naphthol, naphthol AS, benzimidazolone, disazo condensation or azo-metal complex pigments or a polycyclic pigment from the group of the phthalocyanine, quinacridone, perylene, perinone, thioindigo, anthanthrone, anthraquinone, flavanthrone, indanthrone, isoviolanthrone, pyranthrone, dioxazine, quinophthalone, isoindolinone, isoindoline and diketopyrrolopyrrole pigments or a carbon black.

7. The use 2 as claimed in claim 1, wherein the structural units (I) and (II) of component (B) are reaction products of alkoxylatable polyols with a hydricity of three or higher, preferably diglycerol, erythritol, glycerol, pentaerythritol, polyglycerols, sorbitol, trimethylolpropane or xylitol.

8. The use as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pigment preparation possesses a viscosity of less than 10.0 Pa*s at a shear rate of 5 s.sup.−1.

9. The use as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pigment preparation possesses a pH in the range of 4-14.

10-19. (canceled)

20. The use as claimed in claim 1, wherein the natural or synthetic material is a render or a concrete.

21. The use as claimed in claim 2, comprising 5 to 80 wt % of component (A).

22. The use as claimed in claim 2, comprising 0.1 to 30 wt % of component (B).

23. The use as claimed in claim 2, comprising the following composition of components (A) to (H): (A) 5 to 80 wt %, more particularly 10 to 70 wt %, (B) 0.1 to 30 wt %, more particularly 2 to 20 wt %, (C) 0 to 10 wt %, more particularly 0.1 to 5 wt %, (D) 0 to 20 wt %, more particularly 1 to 10 wt %, (E) 0 to 30 wt %, more particularly 5 to 20 wt %, (F) 0 to 30 wt %, more particularly 1 to 10 wt %, (G) 0 to 20 wt %, more particularly 0.1 to 5 wt %, (H) balance water, based in each case on the total weight (100 wt %) of the pigment preparation.

24. The use as claimed in claim 2, wherein the organic pigment of component (A) is a monoazo, disazo, laked azo, β-naphthol, naphthol AS, benzimidazolone, disazo condensation or azo-metal complex pigments or a polycyclic pigment from the group of the phthalocyanine, quinacridone, perylene, perinone, thioindigo, anthanthrone, anthraquinone, flavanthrone, indanthrone, isoviolanthrone, pyranthrone, dioxazine, quinophthalone, isoindolinone, isoindoline and diketopyrrolopyrrole pigments or a carbon black.

25. The use as claimed in claim 24, wherein the structural units (I) and (II) of component (B) are reaction products of alkoxylatable polyols with a hydricity of three or higher, preferably diglycerol, erythritol, glycerol, pentaerythritol, polyglycerols, sorbitol, trimethylolpropane or xylitol.

Description

EXAMPLES

[0082] Examples of the dispersants used in the pigment preparations of the invention are the following compounds:

TABLE-US-00001 Specimen Composition Chemical structure Specimen 1 Pentaerythritol + 4 mol propylene oxide + 12 mol styrene oxide + 140 mol ethylene oxide [00003] Specimen 2 Glycerol + 12 mol styrene oxide + 75 mol ethylene oxide [00004] Specimen 3 Glycerol + 6 mol styrene oxide + 42 mol ethylene oxide [00005] Specimen 4 Glycerol + 12 mol styrene oxide + 75 mol ethylene oxide + phosphate sodium salt [00006] Comparative specimen 1 Ethylene diamine + 4 mol propylene oxide + 8 mol styrene oxide + 80 mol ethylene oxide [00007] [00008]

[0083] Production of a pigment preparation:

[0084] The pigment, either as powder, granules or presscakes, together with the dispersants and the other additions, was pasted in deionized water and then homogenized and predispersed with a dissolver (e.g., from VMAGetzmann GmbH, model AE3-M1) or another suitable apparatus. The subsequent fine dispersion took place using a beadmill (e.g., with AE3-M1 from VMA-Getzmann GmbH) or another suitable dispersing assembly, with grinding taking place using glass beads with a size d=1.0-1.2 mm, with cooling, until the desired coloristics were achieved. Thereafter the dispersion was adjusted with deionized water to the desired final pigment concentration, the grinding media was separated off, and the pigment preparation was isolated.

[0085] The pigment preparations described in the examples below were produced by the method described above, with the constituents being used in the stated quantities such that 100 parts of the respective pigment preparation were formed. In the examples below, parts mean parts by weight.

[0086] Assessment of a pigment preparation:

[0087] The color strength and shade were determined according to DIN 55986, by homogenizing a defined amount of the pigment preparation with an emulsion paint and then applying this tinted paint in a defined film thickness to a paint card. The coloristic properties of the dried film were analyzed using a spectrophotometer (e.g., CM-3700A bench-top spectrophotometer from Konica Minolta).

[0088] For determining the compatibility by the “rub-out” test, the emulsion paint or the varnish after mixing with the pigment dispersion was applied to a paint card. The lower part of the paint card was subsequently rubbed with the finger. Incompatibility was present when the rubbed area had a stronger color than the adjacent, untreated area (the rub-out test is described in DE 2 638 946). To assess the compatibility, six conventional aqueous and solvent borne coating systems with different compositions were employed, based on different standard commercial binders.

[0089] The viscosity was determined using a cone-and-plate viscometer (MCR 72) from Anton Paar GmbH, at 20° C. (titanium cone: ø60 mm, 1°), with the relationship between the viscosity and the shear rate being studied in a range between 0 and 200 s.sup.−1.

[0090] For assessing the foam behavior of the preparation, a sample was first deaerated by centrifuge at 2000 rpm for 60 seconds, and the density of this deaerated sample (ρ.sub.deaerated) was determined according to DIN EN ISO 2811-1 using a paint pycnometer (e.g., model 290 from Erichsen GmbH & Co. KG). The sample was subsequently shaken for 3 minutes in a 150 mL HDPE beaker (75% fill level) using a shaker (e.g., DAS 200-K disperser from Lau GmbH) at a shaking frequency of 660 rpm, and the density of this sample was again determined as described above (ρ.sub.shaken). The ratio of the densities thus determined for the shaken and the deaerated sample, ρ.sub.shaken/ρ.sub.deaerated, ought to be >0.90.

[0091] For assessing the storage stability of the dispersions, the viscosity was measured directly after the preparation had been produced, and also after storage for 28 days at 50° C. In addition, the color strength of the sample thus stored was determined relative to a sample stored at room temperature. Moreover, the homogeneity and the sedimentation behavior of the stored sample were evaluated by determining the clear liquid phase and the sediment formed. The storage stability was rated “very good” if the viscosity of the stored sample at a shear rate of 60 s.sup.−1 differed by <150 mPa*s from the viscosity measured directly after production, the color strength of the stored sample deviated by <3% from that of the sample stored at room temperature, and the stored sample showed no signs of sedimentation. The storage stability was rated “good” if the viscosity deviated by 150-300 mPa*s and/or the color strength deviated by 3-5%, and/or the stored sample showed slight signs of sedimentation, but could be completely rehomogenized by simple stirring. The storage stability was rated “poor” if the viscosity differed by >600 mPa*s and/or the color strength deviated by >7% and/or the stored sample exhibited severe sedimentation.

[0092] Testing for meterability in tinting machines took place by filling the designated colorant container of the machine (e.g., Harbil HA400 from Fast & Fluid) with 2-3 L of the test material and observing the metering results at regular intervals over a period of 4 weeks after initial calibration. The principal criteria for assessing suitability were the stability of the initial density of the test material, the stability of the calibration of the test material on the unit, the attainable precision and reproducibility in metering trials, and the visual appearance, especially in relation to foam and rheology.

[0093] The pigment preparations described in the examples below were produced according to the method described above, with the following constituents being used in the stated quantities in such a way that 100 parts of the respective pigment preparation were formed. In the examples below, parts denote parts by weight.

Example 1

[0094] 30.0 parts of component (A), C.I. Pigment Violet 023

[0095] 8.0 parts of component (B), dispersant as per specimen 1

[0096] 10.0 parts of component (E), propylene glycol

[0097] 0.6 part of component (G), preservative

[0098] Balance of component (H), Wasser

[0099] The pigment preparation has a consistently high color strength and features broad compatibility without rub-out and also without formation of unwanted surface defects in six coating systems having different compositions. The preparation exhibits a very low foaming tendency (ρ.sub.shaken/ρ.sub.deaerated>0.95). After production, the preparation exhibits a virtually Newtonian rheology profile with a viscosity of <0.1 Pa*s over all shear rates in the range of 1-200 s.sup.−1. The preparation is stable in storage and under shear.

Example 2

[0100] 45.0 parts of component (A), C.I. Pigment Blue 015:3

[0101] 12.0 parts of component (B), dispersant as per specimen 2

[0102] 7.5 parts of component (E), alpha-methyl-omega-hydroxy-polyethylene glycol ether, average molecular weight 500 g/mol

[0103] 0.9 part of component (G), preservative

[0104] Balance of component (H), water

[0105] The pigment preparation has a consistently high color strength and features broad compatibility without rub-out and also without formation of unwanted surface defects in six coating systems having different compositions. The preparation exhibits a very low foaming tendency ρ.sub.shaken/ρ.sub.deaerated>0.95). The preparation after production has a viscosity of 2.30 Pa*s at a shear rate of 5 s.sup.−1, 1.02 Pa*s at a shear rate of 30 s.sup.−1, and 0.75 Pa*s at a shear rate of 60 s.sup.−1. The preparation is stable in storage and under shear.

[0106] The pigment preparations based on C.I. Pigment Blue 015:3 that are described in DE 10 2006 002 800 do have a viscosity within the desired range, but their pigment content is only 30 wt %. Conversely, the pigment content in example 2 shown above is 45 wt %, corresponding to an increase in the pigment content by 50%, with no change in the good storage stability and viscosity.

Example 3

[0107] 40.0 parts of component (A), C.I. Pigment Blue 015:1

[0108] 13.6 parts of component (B), dispersant as per specimen 2

[0109] 9.0 parts of component (E), alpha-methyl-omega-hydroxy-polyethylene glycol ether, average molecular weight 500 g/mol

[0110] 1.0 part of component (G), defoamer

[0111] 0.9 part of component (G), preservative

[0112] Balance of component (H), water

[0113] The pigment preparation has a consistently high color strength and features broad compatibility without rub-out and also without formation of unwanted surface defects in six coating systems having different compositions. The preparation exhibits a very low foaming tendency ρ.sub.shaken/ρ.sub.deaerated>0.95). The preparation after production has a viscosity of 1.37 Pa*s at a shear rate of 5 s.sup.−1, 0.67 Pa*s at a shear rate of 30 s.sup.−1, and 0.51 Pa*s at a shear rate of 60 s.sup.−1. The preparation is stable in storage and under shear. On tinting machines, the pigment preparation is highly meterable and is stable over a period of 4 weeks.

Example 4

[0114] 50.0 parts of component (A), C.I. Pigment Green 007

[0115] 7.2 parts of component (B), dispersant as per specimen 2

[0116] 0.7 part of component (D), sodium salt of a carboxymethylated alcohol polyglycol ether

[0117] 10.0 parts of component (E), alpha-methyl-omega-hydroxy-polyethylene glycol ether, average molecular weight 500 g/mol

[0118] 1.0 part of component (G), defoamer

[0119] 0.9 part of component (G), preservative

[0120] Balance of component (H), water

[0121] The pigment preparation has a consistently high color strength and features broad compatibility without rub-out and also without formation of unwanted surface defects in six coating systems having different compositions. The preparation exhibits a very low foaming tendency ρ.sub.shaken/ρ.sub.deaerated>0.95). The preparation after production has a viscosity of 0.81 Pa*s at a shear rate of 5 s.sup.−1, 0.54 Pa*s at a shear rate of 30 s.sup.−1, and 0.45 Pa*s at a shear rate of 60 s.sup.−1. The preparation is stable in storage and under shear.

Example 5

[0122] 41.0 parts of component (A), C.I. Pigment Yellow 074

[0123] 9.6 parts of component (B), dispersant as per specimen 2

[0124] 0.2 part of component (D), cetyltrimethylammonium chloride

[0125] 11.0 parts of component (E), alpha-methyl-omega-hydroxy-polyethylene glycol ether, average molecular weight 500 g/mol

[0126] 0.9 part of component (G), preservative

[0127] Balance of component (H), water

[0128] The pigment preparation has a consistently high color strength and features broad compatibility without rub-out and also without formation of unwanted surface defects in six coating systems having different compositions. The preparation exhibits a very low foaming tendency ρ.sub.shaken/ρ.sub.deaerated>0.95). The preparation after production has a viscosity of 0.80 Pa*s at a shear rate of 5 s.sup.−1, 0.28 Pa*s at a shear rate of 30 s.sup.−1, and 0.18 Pa*s at a shear rate of 60 s.sup.−1. The preparation is stable in storage and under shear. On tinting machines, the pigment preparation is highly meterable and is stable over a period of 4 weeks.

Example 6

[0129] 38.0 parts of component (A), C.I. Pigment Yellow 097

[0130] 8.0 parts of component (B), dispersant as per specimen 2

[0131] 10.0 parts of component (E), alpha-methyl-omega-hydroxy-polyethylene glycol ether, average molecular weight 500 g/mol

[0132] 2.0 parts of component (G), oleic acid

[0133] 1.0 part of component (G), defoamer

[0134] 0.9 part of component (G), preservative

[0135] Balance of component (H), water

[0136] The pigment preparation has a consistently high color strength and features broad compatibility without rub-out and also without formation of unwanted surface defects in six coating systems having different compositions. The preparation exhibits a very low foaming tendency (ρ.sub.shaken/ρ.sub.deaerated>0.95). The preparation after production has a viscosity of 0.74 Pa*s at a shear rate of 5 s.sup.−1, 0.28 Pa*s at a shear rate of 30 s.sup.−1, and 0.19 Pa*s at a shear rate of 60 s.sup.−1. The preparation is stable in storage and under shear.

Example 7

[0137] 62.0 parts of component (A), C.I. Pigment Blue 028

[0138] 3.2 parts of component (B), dispersant as per specimen 2

[0139] 0.5 part of component (D), benzenesulfonic acid, 4-C 10-13-sec-alkyl derivatives

[0140] 0.8 part of component (D), tetrasodium N-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-N-octadecylsulfosuccinamate

[0141] 5.0 parts of component (D), fatty alcohol polyglycol ether

[0142] 5.0 parts of component (E), ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer (branched)

[0143] 2.0 parts of component (G), oleic acid

[0144] 0.9 part of component (G), preservative

[0145] Balance of component (H), water

[0146] The pigment preparation has a consistently high color strength and features broad compatibility without rub-out and also without formation of unwanted surface defects in six coating systems having different compositions. The preparation exhibits a very low foaming tendency (ρ.sub.shaken/ρ.sub.deaerated>0.95). The preparation after production has a viscosity of 4.84 Pa*s at a shear rate of 5 s.sup.−1, 1.95 Pa*s at a shear rate of 30 s.sup.−1, and 1.23 Pa*s at a shear rate of 60 s.sup.−1. The preparation is stable in storage and under shear.

Example 8

[0147] 41.0 parts of component (A), C.I. Pigment Yellow 074

[0148] 11.5 parts of component (B), dispersant as per specimen 3

[0149] 0.2 part of component (D), cetyltrimethylammonium chloride

[0150] 11.0 parts of component (E), alpha-methyl-omega-hydroxy-polyethylene glycol ether, average molecular weight 500 g/mol

[0151] 0.9 part of component (G), preservative

[0152] Balance of component (H), water

[0153] The pigment preparation has a consistently high color strength and features broad compatibility without rub-out and also without formation of unwanted surface defects in six coating systems having different compositions. The preparation exhibits a very low foaming tendency (ρ.sub.shaken/ρ.sub.deaerated>0.95). The preparation after production has a viscosity of 4.10 Pa*s at a shear rate of 5 s.sup.−1, 0.62 Pa*s at a shear rate of 30 s.sup.−1, and 0.46 Pa*s at a shear rate of 60 s.sup.−1. The preparation is stable in storage and under shear.

Example 9

[0154] 40.0 parts of component (A), C.I. Pigment Blue 015:3

[0155] 8.0 parts of component (B), dispersant as per specimen 3

[0156] 10.0 parts of component (E), propylene glycol

[0157] 0.6 part of component (F), preservative

[0158] Balance of component (G), water

[0159] The pigment preparation has a consistently high color strength and features broad compatibility without rub-out and also without formation of unwanted surface defects in six coating systems having different compositions. The preparation exhibits a very low foaming tendency (ρ.sub.shaken/ρ.sub.deaerated>0.95). The preparation after production has a viscosity of 1.90 Pa*s at a shear rate of 5 s.sup.−1, 0.43 Pa*s at a shear rate of 30 s.sup.−1, and 0.28 Pa*s at a shear rate of 60 s.sup.−1. The preparation is stable in storage and under shear.

[0160] The pigment preparations based on C.I. Pigment Blue 015:3 that are described in DE 10 2006 002 800 do have a viscosity within the desired range, but their pigment content is only 30 wt %. Conversely, the pigment content in example 9 shown above is 40 wt %, corresponding to an increase in the pigment content by >33%, with no change in the good storage stability and viscosity.

Example 10

[0161] 30.0 parts of component (A), C.I. Pigment Red 254

[0162] 6.0 parts of component (B), dispersant as per specimen 4

[0163] 1.5 parts of component (D), cocoamidopropyl betaine

[0164] 5.0 parts of component (D), fatty alcohol polyglycol ether

[0165] 12.5 parts of component (E), alpha-methyl-omega-hydroxy-polyethylene glycol ether, average molecular weight 500 g/mol

[0166] 2.0 parts of component (G), oleic acid

[0167] 1.0 part of component (G), preservative

[0168] Balance of component (H), water

[0169] The pigment preparation has a consistently high color strength and features broad compatibility without rub-out and also without formation of unwanted surface defects in six coating systems having different compositions. The preparation exhibits a very low foaming tendency (ρ.sub.shaken/ρ.sub.deaerated>0.95). The preparation after production has a viscosity of 0.42 Pa*s at a shear rate of 5 s.sup.−1, 0.35 Pa*s at a shear rate of 30 s.sup.−1, and 0.31 Pa*s at a shear rate of 60 s.sup.−1. The preparation is stable in storage and under shear.

Example 11

[0170] 41.0 parts of component (A), C.I. Pigment Yellow 074

[0171] 11.5 parts of component (B), dispersant as per specimen 4

[0172] 11.0 parts of component (E), alpha-methyl-omega-hydroxy-polyethylene glycol ether, average molecular weight 500 g/mol

[0173] 0.9 part of component (G), preservative

[0174] Balance of component (H), water

[0175] The pigment preparation has a consistently high color strength and features broad compatibility without rub-out and also without formation of unwanted surface defects in six coating systems having different compositions. The preparation exhibits a very low foaming tendency (ρ.sub.shaken/ρ.sub.deaerated>0.95). The preparation after production has a viscosity of 1.67 Pa*s at a shear rate of 5 s.sup.−1, 0.44 Pa*s at a shear rate of 30 s.sup.−1, and 0.28 Pa*s at a shear rate of 60 s.sup.−1. The preparation is stable in storage and under shear.

Example 12

[0176] 43.0 parts of component (A), C.I. Pigment Black 007

[0177] 18.0 parts of component (B), dispersant as per specimen 4

[0178] 0.3 part of component (D), sulfosuccinic diester sodium salt

[0179] 8.0 parts of component (E), alpha-methyl-omega-hydroxy-polyethylene glycol ether, average molecular weight 500 g/mol

[0180] 0.9 part of component (G), preservative

[0181] Balance of component (H), water

[0182] The pigment preparation has a consistently high color strength and features broad compatibility without rub-out and also without formation of unwanted surface defects in six coating systems having different compositions. The preparation exhibits a very low foaming tendency (ρ.sub.shaken/ρ.sub.deaerated>0.95). The preparation after production has a viscosity of 1.85 Pa*s at a shear rate of 5 s.sup.−1, 0.82 Pa*s at a shear rate of 30 s.sup.−1, and 0.62 Pa*s at a shear rate of 60 s.sup.−1. The preparation is stable in storage and under shear.

[0183] The pigment preparation based on C.I. Pigment Black 007 that is described in DE 10 2006 002 800 does have a viscosity within the desired range, but its pigment content is only 25 wt %. Conversely, the pigment content in example 12 shown above is 43 wt %, corresponding to an increase in the pigment content by 72%, with nevertheless good storage stability and viscosity.

Example 13

[0184] 70.0 parts of component (A), C.I. Pigment Red 101

[0185] 5.0 parts of component (B), dispersant as per specimen 4

[0186] 5.0 parts of component (D), fatty alcohol polyglycol ether

[0187] 5.0 parts of component (E), ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer (branched)

[0188] 2.0 parts of component (G), oleic acid

[0189] 0.9 part of component (G), preservative

[0190] Balance of component (H), water

[0191] The pigment preparation has a consistently high color strength and features broad compatibility without rub-out and also without formation of unwanted surface defects in six coating systems having different compositions. The preparation exhibits a very low foaming tendency (ρ.sub.shaken/ρ.sub.deaerated>0.95). The preparation after production has a viscosity of 6.83 Pa*s at a shear rate of 5 s.sup.−1, 2.94 Pa*s at a shear rate of 30 s.sup.−1, and 2.55 Pa*s at a shear rate of 60 s.sup.−1. The preparation is stable in storage and under shear.

[0192] The pigment preparation based on C.I. Pigment Red 102 that is described in DE 10 2006 002 800 does have a viscosity within the desired range, but its pigment content is only 60 wt %. Conversely, the pigment content in example 13 shown above is 70 wt %, corresponding to an increase in the pigment content by >16%, with nevertheless good storage stability and viscosity.

Comparative Example 1

[0193] 41.0 parts of component (A), C.I. Pigment Yellow 074

[0194] 10.0 parts of component (B), dispersant as per comparative specimen 1

[0195] 0.2 part of component (D), cetyltrimethylammonium chloride

[0196] 11.0 parts of component (E), alpha-methyl-omega-hydroxy-polyethylene glycol ether, average molecular weight 500 g/mol

[0197] 0.9 part of component (G), preservative

[0198] Balance of component (H), water

[0199] The pigment preparation has a low color strength. Compared with example 5, the color strength is only 80%. The rub-out test shows an incompatibility in two out of six coating systems. The preparation is not storage-stable, since the color strength after storage for 28 days at 50° C. has fallen to 88% as compared with the color strength before storage. This can be attributed to insufficient pigment wetting and pigment stabilization.

Comparative Example 2

[0200] 45.0 parts of component (A), C.I. Pigment Blue 015:3

[0201] 12.0 parts of component (B), dispersant as per comparative specimen 1

[0202] 7.5 parts of component (E), alpha-methyl-omega-hydroxy-polyethylene glycol ether, average molecular weight 500 g/mol

[0203] 0.9 part of component (G), preservative

[0204] Balance of component (H), water

[0205] The pigment preparation has a low color strength. Compared with example 2, the color strength is only 94%. The rub-out test shows a severe incompatibility in two and a slight incompatibility in one out of a total of six coating systems. The viscosity is 8.10 Pa*s at a shear rate of 5 s.sup.−1, 2.21 Pa*s at a shear rate of 30 s.sup.−1 and 1.52 Pa*s at a shear rate of 60 s.sup.−1, compared with a viscosity of 2.30 Pa*s at a shear rate of 5 s.sup.−1, 1.02 Pa*s at a shear rate of 30 s.sup.−1 and 0.75 Pa*s at a shear rate of 60 s.sup.−1 in example 2. This can be attributed to inadequate viscosity reduction and particle stabilization.

Comparative Example 3

[0206] 30.0 parts of component (A), C.I. Pigment Violet 023

[0207] 8.0 parts of component (B), dispersant as per comparative specimen 1

[0208] 10.0 parts of component (E), propylene glycol

[0209] 0.6 part of component (G), preservative

[0210] Balance of component (H), water

[0211] The pigment preparation has a very low color strength. Compared with example 1, the color strength is only 90%.

TABLE-US-00002 Pigment Viscosity Viscosity Viscosity content Color at 5 s.sup.−1 at 30 s.sup.−1 at 60 s.sup.−1 Compatibility with Foam behavior/ Storage Example C.I. [wt %] strength [Pa*s] [Pa*s] [Pa*s] binder systems ρ.sub.shaken/ρ.sub.deaerated stability 1 Pigment 30 very <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 no rub-out and no very good/ very Violet 023 good surface defects >0.95 good in 6 systems 2 Pigment 45 very 2.30 1.02 0.75 no rub-out and no very good/ very Blue 015:3 good surface defects >0.95 good in 6 systems 3 Pigment 40 very 1.37 0.67 0.51 no rub-out and no very good/ very Blue 015:1 good surface defects >0.95 good in 6 systems 4 Pigment 50 very 0.81 0.54 0.45 no rub-out and no very good/ very Green 007 good surface defects >0.95 good in 6 systems 5 Pigment 41 very 0.80 0.28 0.18 no rub-out and no very good/ good Yellow 074 good surface defects >0.95 in 6 systems 6 Pigment 38 very 0.74 0.28 0.19 no rub-out and no very good/ very Yellow 097 good surface defects >0.95 good in 6 systems 7 Pigment 62 very 4.84 1.95 1.23 no rub-out and no very good/ good Blue 028 good surface defects >0.95 in 6 systems 8 Pigment 41 very 4.10 0.62 0.46 no rub-out and no very good/ very Yellow 074 good surface defects >0.95 good in 6 systems 9 Pigment 40 very 1.90 0.43 0.28 no rub-out and no very good/ very Blue 015:3 good surface defects >0.95 good in 6 systems 10 Pigment 30 very 0.42 0.35 0.31 no rub-out and no very good/ very Red 254 good surface defects >0.95 good in 6 systems 11 Pigment 41 very 1.67 0.44 0.28 no rub-out and no very good/ very Yellow 074 good surface defects >0.95 good in 6 systems 12 Pigment 43 very 1.85 0.82 0.62 no rub-out and no very good/ very Black 007 good surface defects >0.95 good in 6 systems 13 Pigment 70 very 6.83 2.94 2.55 no rub-out and no very good/ very Red 101 good surface defects >0.95 good in 6 systems Comp. 1 Pigment 41 80% vs. n.d. n.d. 0.11 severe rub-out n.d. poor, Yellow 074 Ex. 5 in 2 out of 12% loss in 6 systems color strength after storage Comp. 2 Pigment 45 94% vs. 8.10 2.21 1.52 severe rub-out n.d. good Blue 015:3 Ex. 2 in 2 and slight rub-out in one of a total of 6 systems Comp. 3 Pigment 30 90% vs. <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 no rub-out in n.d. n.d. Violet 023 Ex. 1 6 systems