DEBURRING TOOL AND DEBURRING METHOD

Abstract

A deburring method includes rotating a case, a sleeve and a drive gear together with a spindle of a machining tool; transmitting rotating torque from the drive gear to a driven gear to rotate a tip tool together with a reciprocating shaft; receiving reactive torque to the tip tool in a reverse direction of a rotational direction of the case by a workpiece contact with the tip tool so that the reciprocating shaft rotates in a reverse direction of the rotational direction with respect to the sleeve; moving the reciprocating shaft to a basal end direction against an elastic force of a second spring with the driven gear sliding with respect to the drive gear; and cutting the workpiece by the tip tool.

Claims

1. A deburring method, comprising: rotating a case, a sleeve and a drive gear together with a spindle of a machining tool; transmitting rotating torque from the drive gear to a driven gear to rotate a tip tool together with a reciprocating shaft; receiving reactive torque to the tip tool in a reverse direction of a rotational direction of the case by a workpiece contact with the tip tool so that the reciprocating shaft rotates in a reverse direction of the rotational direction with respect to the sleeve; moving the reciprocating shaft to a basal end direction against an elastic force of a second spring with the driven gear sliding with respect to the drive gear; and cutting the workpiece by the tip tool.

2. The deburring method according to claim 1, further comprising: receiving thrust load to the tip tool from the workpiece; and moving the sleeve toward a basal end direction against an elastic force of a first spring.

3. The deburring method according to claim 1, further comprising: rotating the driven gear in the reverse direction of the rotational direction of the tip tool with respect to the drive gear while rubbing with the drive gear to move in the sleeve to the basal end direction.

4. The deburring method according to claim 2, further comprising: rotating the driven gear in the reverse direction of the rotational direction of the tip tool with respect to the drive gear while rubbing with the drive gear to move in the sleeve to the basal end direction.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a tool according to an embodiment.

[0030] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a sleeve according to the embodiment.

[0031] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a drive gear and a reciprocating shaft according to the embodiment.

[0032] FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the tool in use according to the embodiment.

[0033] FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the tool in use according to the embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] As shown in FIG. 1, a deburring tool 10 of the present embodiment includes a case 15, a sleeve 17, a first spring 21, a drive gear 29, a reciprocating shaft 49, and a second spring 53. The case 15 includes a shank 11 and a cylinder 13. The reciprocating shaft 49 includes a driven gear 43, a stem 45, and a tool holder 47 in the order from a basal end. The deburring tool 10 may include a stopper 19, a first ball holding hole 23, a first roller groove 25, a first ball 27, a ball holding cylinder 24, a third ball holding hole 35, a fourth ball holding hole 31, a third ball 33, a second ball holding hole 59, a second roller groove 55, and the second ball 57. The shank 11 is mounted, for example, on the spindle of a machining tool which is a machining center. The deburring tool 10 is used by rotating in the direction of the rotation direction 7 together with the spindle.

[0035] The shank 11 is a straight shank. The shank 11 is disposed at the basal end of the cylinder 13, and includes a spring housing hole 11a. The spring housing hole 11a is a right cylinder. The spring housing hole 11a is disposed inside the shank 11 along the center of the shank 11.

[0036] The cylinder 13 has an inner surface 13a. The inner surface 13a is a right cylinder. The inner surface 13a is disposed inside the cylinder 13 along the center of the cylinder 13, and connects to the spring housing hole 11a.

[0037] The sleeve 17 is a hollow cylindrical shape, and has an outer peripheral surface 17a and an inner surface 17b. The sleeve 17 reciprocates inside the cylinder 13 in the axial direction in a non-rotating manner. The outer peripheral surface 17a of the sleeve 17 slides on the inner surface 13a of the cylinder 13.

[0038] The stopper 19 is disposed at the basal end of the sleeve 17. The outer peripheral surface 17a of the sleeve 17 is guided to the inner surface 13a of the cylinder 13. The stopper 19 defines a moving length 63 of the driven gear 43 toward the basal direction.

[0039] The first spring 21 is, for example, a compression coil spring. The first spring 21 is disposed inside the spring housing hole 11a. The first spring 21 pushes the sleeve 17 toward the distal end direction.

[0040] The first ball holding hole 23 is located at the central portion of the inner surface 13a in the axial direction. For example, two first ball holding holes 23 are equally spaced on the circumference. The first ball holding hole 23 is a cylindrical hole extending in the radial direction. The first ball holding hole 23 penetrates the cylinder 13.

[0041] The first ball holding hole 23 may be, for example, hemispherical, or a cylindrical hole having a bottom. In this case, the ball holding cylinder 24 is omitted.

[0042] As shown in FIG. 2, the first roller groove 25 has a semicircular cross-section and extends in the axial direction. A plurality (e.g., two) of the first roller groove 25 is disposed in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface 17a of the sleeve 17. The length of the first roller groove 25 determines the moving amount of the sleeve 17 in the axial direction with respect to the cylinder 13.

[0043] The first ball 27 is disposed between the first ball holding hole 23 and the first roller groove 25. The first ball 27 rolls in the first roller groove 25, and the sleeve 17 reciprocates in the axial direction. The first ball 27 is held in the first ball holding hole 23 by rolling in the first roller groove 25 to regulate the rotation of the sleeve 17.

[0044] The ball holding cylinder 24, which is a hollow cylinder, is disposed outside the first ball 27, and presses the first ball 27 radially inward. The ball holding cylinder 24 is fixed to the cylinder 13. The ball holding cylinder 24 restricts the first ball 27 to move outward in the radial direction.

[0045] As shown in FIG. 3, the drive gear 29 includes a saw blade shaped first tooth 29a, and a through hole 29b. The first tooth 29a has a first sliding surface 29a1. The first sliding surface 29a1 extends helically along the circumference so as to advance toward the distal end direction as it moves in the rotation direction 7. The height 65 of the first tooth 29a is larger than the moving length 63. The through hole 29b extends along the rotation axis 3.

[0046] Four third ball holding holes 35 are disposed in the drive gear 29. The third ball holding hole 35 is hemispherical. The third ball holding holes 35 are evenly arranged on the circumference.

[0047] As shown in FIG. 1, the four fourth ball holding holes 31 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction. For example, the fourth ball holding hole 31 are arranged on the basal end side than the first roller groove 25. The fourth ball holding hole 31 is a through hole extending in the radial direction.

[0048] The third ball 33 is disposed between the fourth ball holding hole 31, the third ball holding hole 35, and the inner surface 13a. The third ball 33 supports the drive gear 29 in the sleeve 17. The third ball 33 transmits the rotation of the sleeve 17 to the drive gear 29.

[0049] The driven gear 43 includes a second tooth 43a. The second tooth 43a has a second sliding surface 43a1. The second tooth 43a meshes with the first tooth 29a. The second sliding surface 43a1 slides with the first sliding surface 29a1.

[0050] The stem 45 is a right cylinder and penetrates through the through hole 29b. The stem 45 fixes the driven gear 43 and the tool holder 47. A gap may be provided between the stem 45 and the through hole 29b. The stem 45 may slide with respect to the through hole 29b.

[0051] The stem 45 may have a T-shaped or L-shaped communication hole (not shown). The communication hole connects the space above the driven gear 43 and the space below the drive gear 29. The communication hole moves the air in the cylinder 13 when the reciprocating shaft 49 reciprocates.

[0052] The tool holder 47 is hollow cylindrical and has an outer cylindrical surface 47a and a shank hole 47b. The tool holder 47 is disposed inside the inner surface 17b of the sleeve 17.

[0053] The outer cylindrical surface 47a is a right cylinder, and slides with the inner surface 17b of the sleeve 17.

[0054] The shank hole 47b is located at the distal end portion of the tool holder 47 along the rotation axis 3. The rotation cutting tool (tip tool) 61 is mounted to the shank hole 47b. The rotation cutting tool 61 includes a cutting edge 61a at the distal end. A collet (not shown) may be disposed in the shank hole 47b. The collet fastens the rotation cutting tool 61 to the tool holder 47.

[0055] The three second ball holding holes 59 are located at the distal end of the sleeve 17. The second ball holding holes 59 are evenly arranged on the circumference. The second ball holding hole 59 is, for example, a through hole extending in the radial direction.

[0056] The second roller groove 55, which is a circumferential groove, is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface 47a. The second roller groove 55 has substantially the same length as the moving length 63 in the axial direction. The second roller groove 55 may be longer than the moving length 63.

[0057] The three second balls 57 are inserted between the inner surface 13a of the cylinder 13, the second ball holding hole 59, and the second roller groove 55, and roll inside the second roller groove 55. The three second balls 57, which are arranged evenly on the circumference, are supported by the cylinder 13 to hold the tool holder 47 in the center position of the cylinder 13.

[0058] The second spring 53 is, for example, a compression coil spring. The second spring 53 is mounted between the tool holder 47 and the drive gear 29. The second spring 53 has a greater elastic force than the first spring 21. The second spring 53 pushes the reciprocating shaft 49 toward the distal end with respect to the drive gear 29. The pushing force with which the second spring 53 pushes the reciprocating shaft 49 acts as a frictional force between the second sliding surface 43a1 and the first sliding surface 29a1, thus torque is transmitted from the drive gear 29 to the driven gear 43.

[0059] Next, the operation of the deburring tool 10 will be described.

[0060] The deburring tool 10 rotates with the spindle of the machining tool. The rotation is transmitted to the rotation cutting tool 61 via the first ball 27, the sleeve 17, the drive gear 29, and the driven gear 43. When the cutting edge 61a receives an axial thrust force in contact with the workpiece 5, as shown in FIG. 4, the sleeve 17 moves against the elastic force of the first spring 21 to the basal direction. Since the outer peripheral surface 17a of the sleeve 17 slides on the inner surface 13a of the cylinder 13, the sleeve 17 moves accurately. Since the first ball 27 rolls in the first roller groove 25, the sleeve 17 moves along the direction of the rotation axis 3 without rotation.

[0061] When the rotation cutting tool 61 receives the cutting torque, as shown in FIG. 5, the second sliding surface 43a1 of the driven gear 43 slides relative to the first sliding surface 29a1 of the drive gear 29 against the frictional force generated between the second sliding surface 43a1 and the first sliding surface 29a1 by the elastic force of the second spring 53. Then, the reciprocating shaft 49 moves in the basal direction while rotating in the reverse direction of the rotation direction 7.

[0062] Even if the position of the workpiece 5 varies, the reciprocating shaft 49 is advanced and retracted such that the cutting torque becomes constant with respect to the workpiece 5 in accordance with the thrust load and the radial load received from the workpiece 5, thus the cutting amount by the cutting edge 61a is adjusted. As a result, regardless of the position of the deburring target surface of the workpiece 5, a constant cutting amount is maintained.

[0063] Further, by mounting the ceramic brush, which is a tip tool, to deburring tool 10, when contacting the ceramic brush to the workpiece 5 from the lateral direction, the tool holder 47 is raised in accordance with the torque. Therefore, it is possible to suppress damage to the ceramic brush and deburring tool 10.

[0064] Further, when deburring by using the deburring tool 10 according to the present embodiment, the machined surface after deburring became smooth.

[0065] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention, and all technical matters included in the technical idea described in the claims are the study matter of the present invention. While the foregoing embodiments illustrate preferred examples, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various alternatives, modifications, variations, or improvements may be made in light of the teachings disclosed herein and are within the scope of the appended claims.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

[0066] 5 Workpiece [0067] 10 Deburring tools [0068] 11 Shank [0069] 13 Cylinder [0070] 15 Case [0071] 17 Sleeve [0072] 21 First spring [0073] 29 Drive gear [0074] 43 Driven gear [0075] 45 Stem [0076] 47 Tool holder [0077] 49 Reciprocating shaft [0078] 53 Second spring