Abstract
A rifle having a straight pull bolt assembly with a bolt handle that extends outward and downward from a bolt operation mechanism. The bolt handle rotatable a limited rotational range forward and rearwardly about a horizontal axis for operating the mechanism. The handle can be reconfigured to position its rotational range about the horizontal axis and can be attached to the mechanism at either left or right sides to provide for ambidextrous operation. Bolt heads, lower frame members with magazine wells, and barrel assemblies can be readily swapped to change ammunition. The bolt assembly can be unlocked by firing or by a thumb push button release at the backside of the mechanism. A bolt removal release mechanism is forward of the thumb pushbutton and an ejector includes a spring bias and cam follower surface to reliably eject casings.
Claims
1. A straight pull bolt action rifle comprising: a stock, a receiver supported by the stock, a barrel extending from the receiver, a trigger mechanism below the receiver, a bolt action above the trigger mechanism and removably contained within the receiver, wherein the bolt action comprises: a rearward mechanism housing containing a bolt operation mechanism, a bolt body extending forwardly from the rearward mechanism housing and bolt operation mechanism, the bolt operation mechanism having a main rotatable member with horizontal axis of rotation that is transverse to a longitudinal axis of the rifle when the rifle is positioned with the longitudinal axis horizontal, the main rotatable member accessible from both the right side of the rifle and the left side of the rifle, a bolt handle attachable to the main rotatable member on both the right side and the left side of the rifle.
2. The straight pull bolt action rifle of claim 1, wherein the main rotatable member has a central hole coaxial with the axis of rotation, the main rotatable member having circumferential splines about the hole, and wherein the bolt handle has a shaft portion conforming to the central hole and wherein the shaft portion is attachable at the hole and is angularly adjustable therein.
3. The straight pull bolt action rifle of claim 1, wherein the mechanism translates rotation of the bolt handle connected to the main rotatable member and has a means for locking the bolt in the in-battery position, providing the final locking of the bolt with a plunger a gradual final locking, unlocking the bolt from the in-battery position manually or upon firing, manually unlocking the bolt at the in-battery position at a gradual reduced travel rate, locking the bolt handle forwardly, and releasing the forward locked bolt handle manually,
4. The straight pull bolt action rifle of claim 1, wherein the mechanism translates rotation of the bolt handle connected to the main rotatable member and has a means for: causing release of the forward locked bolt handle by pulling the trigger, providing a manual gradual initial push off of the bolt assembly from the receiver when the bolt assembly is at a closed most forwardly position of the bolt assembly after firing or after a manual bolt handle release, locking the bolt handle in the rearward rotational position, unlocking the bolt handle from the rearward rotational position, and retracting the striker thereby compressing the firing pin spring.
5. The straight pull bolt action rifle of claim 1, wherein the bolt operation mechanism has a bolt release thumb button on a rearward side of the bolt operation mechanism, the thumb button operably reachable by a user's thumb of the user's hand when the user's fore finger of said hand is extending partially around the bolt handle.
6. The straight pull bolt action rifle of claim 1, wherein the bolt handle has a manual grasping portion and a shaft portion, the manual grasping portion is on one side of the bolt assembly and the shaft portion extends through the main rotatable member to the side opposite the one side and is secured in place by an attachment piece.
7. The straight pull bolt action rifle of claim 6 wherein the attachment piece is a detent secured cap.
8. (canceled)
9. A straight pull bolt action rifle comprising: a stock, a receiver supported by the stock, a barrel extending from the receiver, a trigger mechanism below the receiver, a bolt action above the trigger mechanism and removably contained within the receiver, wherein the bolt action comprises: a rearward mechanism housing containing a bolt operation mechanism, a bolt portion extending forwardly from the rearward mechanism housing and bolt operation mechanism, wherein the bolt portion comprises a bolt body with an open front end for receiving a bolt head, the bolt head having a plurality of extendable roller balls spaced around the circumference for locking the bolt portion to the barrel or barrel extension, the bolt head replaceable with other bolt heads configured for different sized cartridges, the bolt body having a lever flush with or below an exterior surface of the bolt body, the lever having a forward projection for engaging with the bolt head whereby depression of the lever disengages the forward projection from the bolt portion allowing the removal of the bolt head from the bolt body.
10. The straight pull rifle of claim 9, wherein the bolt head connects with the bolt body by insertion and a partial rotation and wherein the projection engaged with the bolt head precludes the bolt head from rotating.
11. The straight pull rifle of any of claim 9, wherein the bolt operation mechanism comprises a sliding toggle linkage with an over center position, the linkage including a sliding link configured as a plunger with a tapered tip for extending the plurality of extendable roller balls outwardly for locking the bolt head in the barrel or a barrel extension.
12. A rifle comprising a straight pull bolt assembly in a receiver mounted to a stock, a trigger mechanism positioned below the bolt assembly, a barrel and barrel extension secured forward of the receiver to receive a bolt head of the bolt assembly, the bolt assembly comprising a bolt carrier containing a bolt body, a bolt head, a bolt plunger, a striker, a firing pin, a firing pin spring, a rear bolt mechanism enclosure, a bolt operation mechanism in the enclosure, a bolt handle connecting to the bolt operation mechanism at the rear bolt enclosure.
13. The rifle of claim 12, wherein the bolt head having a plurality of locking roller balls that are releasably engageable with recesses in the barrel extension and lockable therein by the bolt plunger.
14. The straight pull rifle of claim 9, wherein the bolt operation mechanism comprises a sliding toggle linkage with an over center position, the linkage including a sliding link configured as a plunger with a tapered tip for extending the plurality of extendable roller balls outwardly for locking the bolt head in the barrel or a barrel extension upon rotation of the bolt handle.
15. The straight pull rifle of claim 9, wherein the bolt operation mechanism comprises a second linkage that provides a gradual push off of the bolt assembly from the receiver upon rotation of the bolt handle.
16-17. (canceled)
18. The firearm of claim 12, wherein the bolt plunger captured by the bolt body, the bolt plunger having a tapered forward surface for engaging the locking rollers and pushing each of the locking rollers to a radially outward position in the respective apertures for providing a locking engagement with the barrel.
19. The firearm of claim 18, wherein the bolt assembly further comprises a bolt handle member extending laterally with respect to the bolt body, the handle member being selectable attachable to a left side portion of the bolt body or a right side portion of the port body to provide ambidextrous operation of the firearm.
20-32. (canceled)
33. The straight pull rifle of claim 1, wherein an ejector lever is pivotally connected to the receiver and is engaged with a slot in the bolt assembly, the slot extending to the cartridge head receiving region on the bolt head, wherein when a cartridge or casing is in the cartridge head receiving region and the bolt assembly is pulled rearwardly, the cartridge or casing is ejected by the ejector lever.
34-51. (canceled)
52. The bolt action rifle of claim 1, wherein the bolt handle has a manual grasping portion and a shaft portion, the manual grasping portion is on one side of the bolt assembly and the shaft portion extends through the main rotatable member to the side opposite the one side and is secured in place by an attachment piece, and wherein the manual grasping portion and shaft portion can be moved to the opposite side without using tools.
53. (canceled)
54. The straight pull rifle of claim 1, wherein the bolt operation mechanism comprises a sliding toggle linkage with an over center position, the linkage including a sliding link configured as a plunger with a tapered tip for extending the plurality of extendable roller balls outwardly for locking the bolt head in the barrel or a barrel extension upon rotation of the bolt handle.
55. The straight pull rifle of claim 1, wherein the bolt operation mechanism comprises a second linkage that provides a gradual push off of the bolt assembly from the receiver upon rotation of the bolt handle.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0045] The invention can be completely understood in consideration of the following detailed description of various embodiments of the invention in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0046] FIG. 1A is a perspective view showing a straight pull rifle according to embodiments.
[0047] FIG. 1B is a perspective view of the straight pull rifle of FIG. 1 and with a kit for changing the configuration of the rifle for a different ammunition.
[0048] FIG. 2A is a side perspective view of a straight pull rifle with the receiver and stock removed showing the mechanisms of the rifle.
[0049] FIG. 2B is the receiver removed from the straight pull rifle of FIG. 2A.
[0050] FIG. 2C is a side perspective view of the straight pull rifle of FIG. 1A with the stock removed revealing mechanisms.
[0051] FIG. 2D is a side perspective view of the rifle of FIG. 2C from the opposite side and without the receiver.
[0052] FIG. 2E is the receiver of the rifle of FIG. 2D.
[0053] FIG. 2F is an exploded view of the connection system of a straight pull rifle between the receiver and a barrel assembly.
[0054] FIG. 2G is a perspective view of the receiver of FIG. 2F.
[0055] FIG. 2H is a perspective view of the barrel lug of FIG. 2F.
[0056] FIG. 2I is a cross-sectional view of the barrel extender of FIG. 2F.
[0057] FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a straight pull rifle.
[0058] FIG. 4A is a perspective view of a portion of a straight pull rifle with a releasable bolt stop.
[0059] FIG. 4B is an exploded view of the releasable bolt stop mechanism of FIG. 4A.
[0060] FIG. 4C is a perspective view of the mechanism of FIG. 4a without the bolt stop insert housing.
[0061] FIG. 4D is a perspective view of another embodiment of a releasable bolt stop.
[0062] FIG. 4E is a perspective view of the releasable bolt stop of FIG. 4D with the receiver removed.
[0063] FIG. 4F is a perspective view of the bolt stop of FIG. 4D with the bolt stop insert removed showing the engagement with the bolt stop groove in the bolt body.
[0064] FIG. 4G is an exploded perspective view of the bolt stop insert and other components of the bolt stop of FIG. 4D.
[0065] FIG. 4H is a perspective view of a lower frame of a straight pull rifle with a magazine well and magazine release lever nested around the trigger guard.
[0066] FIG. 4I is another perspective view of the lower frame of FIG. 4H.
[0067] FIG. 4J is an exploded perspective view of the lower frame of FIGS. 41 and 4J.
[0068] FIG. 4K is a perspective view of the components of the magazine release mechanism.
[0069] FIG. 5A is an exploded view of a bolt assembly of a straight pull rifle.
[0070] FIG. 5B is a perspective view of a bolt assembly of a straight pull rifle.
[0071] FIG. 5C is another perspective view of the bolt assembly of FIG. 5A.
[0072] FIG. 5D is an exploded view of the bolt assembly of FIG. 5A.
[0073] FIG. 5E is a perspective view of a bolt handle showing mechanisms to remove the bolt handle from the bolt assembly.
[0074] FIG. 5F is a perspective view of the bolt handle of FIG. 5E with a bolt handle cap removed.
[0075] FIG. 5G is a perspective view of the bolt handle of FIGS. 5E and 5G with a bolt handle post removed.
[0076] FIG. 6A is a perspective view illustrating that a bolt body can receive different bolt heads.
[0077] FIG. 6B is a perspective view of the forward end of a bolt assembly of a rifle.
[0078] FIG. 6C is a perspective view of the bolt assembly of FIG. 5F with the bolt head removed and the latch exploded.
[0079] FIG. 6D is a cross sectional view of the forward end of the bolt assembly of FIG. 5F.
[0080] FIG. 6E is a cross sectional view of the bolt assembly of FIG. 5F with the latch for releasing the bolt head actuated.
[0081] FIG. 6F is a cross sectional view of the bolt assembly of Figure SI showing the bolt head separating from the bolt body.
[0082] FIG. 6G is a perspective view of a bolt assembly with a ejector engaged in a groove of the bolt body.
[0083] FIG. 6H is an exploded perspective view of a bolt head.
[0084] FIG. 6I is an exploded view of the ejector mechanism of FIG. 6A.
[0085] FIG. 7A is a perspective side view of straight pull rifle with the receiver removed illustrating components.
[0086] FIG. 7B is a perspective view of the rifle of FIG. 7A with the barrel extender and bolt release insert removed.
[0087] FIG. 7C is a perspective view of the rifle of FIG. 7B with the bolt body removed.
[0088] FIG. 7D is a perspective view of the rifle of FIG. 7C with the bolt handle removed.
[0089] FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the components of a first linkage system.
[0090] FIG. 9 is an exploded view of components of a second linkage system.
[0091] FIG. 10A is a perspective view of the rifle with portions removed illustrating components of a third linkage system.
[0092] FIG. 10B is an exploded view of the components of the third linkage system.
[0093] FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a fourth linkage system.
[0094] FIGS. 12A and 12B are cross sectional views of the rifle illustrating the mechanisms in an in-battery and ready-to-fire mode.
[0095] FIG. 12C is a side elevational view of the exterior of the rifle when in the in-battery and ready-to-fire mode
[0096] FIGS. 13A and 13B are cross sectional views of the rifle illustrating the mechanisms in a firing mode with the firing pin extended forward.
[0097] FIGS. 14A and 14B are cross sectional views of the rifle illustrating the mechanisms after firing with the bolt handle unlocked ready for extraction, the bolt head still locked in the barrel extension.
[0098] FIGS. 15A and 15B are cross sectional views of the rifle illustrating the mechanisms with the handle rotated rearwardly moving the striker rearwardly compressing the firing pin spring and with the third linkage system pushing away from the receiver.
[0099] FIGS. 16A, 16B and 16C are cross sectional views of the rifle illustrating the bolt assembly pulled rearwardly.
[0100] FIGS. 17A-17D are a cross sectional views of the bolt head and bolt body being retracted illustrating the ejector mechanism motion for ejection of a cartridge.
[0101] FIG. 18 is a top plan view of the rearward end of the bolt assembly of the rifle.
[0102] FIG. 19 is a top plan view of the rifle of FIG. 18 with the safety selector in the safe mode.
[0103] FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the rifle with the bolt assembly pulled to a rearwardmost position.
[0104] FIG. 21 is a side elevational view of a bolt assembly with a bolt head thereon.
[0105] FIG. 22 is a side elevational view of the bolt assembly of FIG. 21 being inserted into a receiver.
[0106] FIG. 23 is a perspective view illustration the bolt handle being pushed forward.
[0107] FIG. 24 is a perspective view of the rifle of FIG. 23 with the bolt handle forward.
[0108] FIG. 25 is a side elevational view of a rifle with the thumb pushbutton being depressed.
[0109] FIG. 26 is a side elevational view of the rifle of FIG. 25 after the thumb pushbutton has been depressed.
[0110] FIG. 27 is a perspective view of a rifle with the bolt handle being pushed rearwardly and the thumb pushbutton being depressed.
[0111] FIG. 28 is a side view of a portion of a rifle showing the motions for releasing the bolt assembly.
[0112] FIG. 29 is a perspective view of the rearward portion of a bolt assembly of the rifle.
[0113] While the invention is amenable to various modifications and alternative forms, specifics thereof have been depicted by way of example in the drawings and will be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the intention is not to limit the invention to the particular embodiments described. On the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0114] Referring to FIGS. 1A and 1B, a straight pull bolt action rifle 20 has a receiver 22 supported by a stock 24, a barrel assembly 25 with a barrel 26 extending forward of the receiver 22, a bolt assembly 30 with a bolt handle 32, a bolt release button 36, a safety tab 40, and a releasable bolt stop 42 or bolt removal release lever, a lower frame 52 with an integral trigger guard 54 and magazine well 55. The barrel and rifle have a longitudinal axis al. The rifle is configured for firing a first ammunition and receives a magazine 53 of said first ammunition 53.1. The rifle is modular such that with minimal effort as described in more detail below, the rifle can be readily reconfigured with a kit 53.4 for a second ammunition 53.6 in a second magazine 53.7. The kit comprising a second lower frame 52′, a second barrel assembly 25′, and second bolt head 53.8 (the first bolt head is not shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B).
[0115] Referring to FIGS. 2A to 2H, as well as the exploded FIG. 3, further portions and components of the firearm are illustrated, in particular those associated with the receiver 22, the barrel assembly 25, and bolt assembly 30. The barrel 26 has a rearward threaded end 45 that connects to a threaded barrel extension 46 with a barrel nut 47 and barrel lug 48; these components defining the barrel assembly 25. The barrel extension 46 receives a forward end of the bolt assembly 30 as describe in further detail below. A trigger mechanism 50 is positioned below the bolt assembly above a lower frame 52 that has a trigger guard 54 and a magazine well 55 defining a magazine receiving region 56. In embodiments, a magazine release lever 57 is nested about a forward portion of the trigger guard. The trigger mechanism 50 may include features of the AccuTrigger® system of Savage Arms, Inc., the owner of the instant application. See U.S. Pat. No. 6,553,706 incorporated by reference herein. The bolt assembly includes a bolt body 58 extending from a bolt mechanism housing 60 configured as a bulbous rearward bolt cap that contains bolt operation mechanism 64. The bolt assembly disposed in the receiver secured to the stock. The stock includes components known as the AccuStock® system and AccuFit® systems by Savage Arms, Inc., see U.S. Pat. No. 10,690,440 incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.
[0116] The receiver 22 has a rearward end 65.1, a mid-portion 67 with an ejection port 65.3, and a forward end 69 with a forward face 70. As best shown in FIG. 2G, a slit 70.5 may extend longitudinally along a front clamping portion 71 of the receiver. The clamping portion 70 having an interior cylindrical surface 72 for engaging the cylindrical exterior surface 73 of the barrel extension 46 of a barrel assembly 25. At the slit defining a C shape of the forward clamping portion, opposing clamping lugs 74.1, 74.2 have holes 74.4 for screws 75.1 and barrel nuts 75.3 for pulling the opposing clamping lugs together about the barrel extension. The different barrel assemblies, for example for different sized ammunition, have identically configured and sized exterior surfaces and features so that all interface the same with the receiver at the forward face of the receiver providing the correct head space. The barrel lug 48 has a forward vertical rib 76 that interfaces with a vertical groove 77 on the forward face 70 of the receiver 22. Moreover, the rearward facing surface 77.2 of the barrel lug interfaces with the flat forward surface 77.5 of the forward face 70 of the receiver 22.
[0117] Referring to FIGS. 2C, 2F, and 2I, the barrel extension and receiver each have a vent hole 77.6, 77.7 and the barrel extension has a circumferential thinned region 77.8 extending around the barrel extension and positioned about at the breech face 77.9 of the rifle. The cross section of FIG. 2I depicts the internal threaded portion 46.2 that cooperates with the threaded end of the barrel, a recess 46.3 for receiving the locking rollers of the bolt head 86. The thinned region and vents provide a failure pathway in the unlikely event of a cartridge explosion at the breech face that is potentially less hazardous than without. The vents can lessen the explosive force, and the thinned region may facilitate the barrel dislocating from the rifle in the proximity of the thinned region 77.8 rather than having more severe damage rearward of the breech face.
[0118] Referring to FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 4A to 4C, a releaseable bolt stop 42 embodiment is depicted and generally comprises a bolt stop lever 42.1, a bolt groove engaging plunger 42.2, a plunger pin 42.3, a pivot arm 42.4, pivot arm pin 42.5, and bias spring 42.6. The components of the bolt stop are attached to the receiver 22 at a bolt stop lever recess 42.7, as best shown in FIGS. 2B and 4B. The plunger 42.2 seats in the larger hole and rides in the bolt stop groove 42.8 in the bolt body 58. When the bolt assembly is retracted, that is, moved rearwardly from the in battery position, the plunger will follow the bolt stop groove 58.1 in the bolt body until it reaches the stop surface 58.2 at the end of the bolt stop groove 42.8 such as is shown in FIG. 2D. The stop surface will stop the retraction. The user may raise the plunger from the groove and the stop surface by depressing the forward portion 42.9 of the lever 42.1 which then allows the bolt assembly to be removed from the receiver subject to other mechanism interconnections.
[0119] Referring to FIGS. 2D, 2E, and 4D-4G, another releaseable bolt stop 42′ is illustrated that is secured to a bolt stop insert 43.1 rather than directly to the receiver 22. The insert may generally provide structural support to the receiver 22 and a slot 43.2 in the receiver 22 provides access to the bolt stop 42′ by a user. The releaseable bolt stop 42′ comprises a bolt stop lever 43.3 with a bolt stop groove engaging portion 43.4 and is pivotally and movable supported in a bolt stop recess 43.5 in the insert 43.1 by pins 43.6, 43.7. A spring 43.8 in conjunction with a bolt stop plunger 43.9 urge the lever 43.3 rearwardly in the recess of the insert 43.1 where, due to an L shaped slot 44.1 in the lever, the bolt stop groove engaging portion is constrained in the bolt stop groove 42.8 as shown in FIG. 4F where the insert has been removed for illustration. As the bolt assembly is retracted rearwardly, the bolt stop lever stays in the groove and abuts against the stop surface 58.2, shown in FIG. 2D. To retract the bolt stop groove engaging portion from the groove, the user must first push the lever forwardly in the bolt stop recess 43.5 in the bolt stop insert and then may depress the forward end 44.3 of the lever to raise the rear end of the lever from the groove allowing the bolt assembly to be fully removed from the insert and receiver.
[0120] Referring to FIGS. 1A, 1B, 4H-4K, a magazine release mechanism 49 is illustrated that is attached to the lower frame 52 having the magazine well 55 and trigger guard 54. The mechanism comprises a pivoting lever 49.1 pivotally attached by a pin 49.2 to the lower frame, a slider 49.3 that has a forward magazine catch 49.4. The slider has tabs 49.5 that are received in a slot or slots 49.6 in the lower frame. A operating tab 49.6 of the pivoting lever loosely engages a slot 49.7 in the slider. The slider is constrained in the lower frame by said operating tab. A pair of finger buttons 49.8 nest around the finger guard at a narrowed region 49.9 of the forward strap. A coil spring 50.1 received in an aperture of the slider and compressed against the lower frame urges the slider forwardly and the finger guards engaged against the trigger guard. This provides a less obtrusive magazine release button and provides more surface of the button compared to the surface of the trigger guard strap than conventional magazine releases thereby making actuation easier.
[0121] Referring to FIGS. 3, 5A-5J, the bolt assembly 30 has a bolt body 58, a bolt plunger 78, a firing pin 80 with a firing pin tip 81, a striker 82, a firing pin spring 84, a first bolt head 86. The bolt handle 32 has a manual grasping portion 90 including a knob 91 and a shaft portion 92 with splines 93 that engage with cooperating structure in the bolt operation mechanism 64 discussed below. The bolt body 58 with an open end 95 may receive a second bolt head 53.8 or alternate bolt heads 86.2 for different size cartridges, such which will typically be associated with changing out the barrel assembly as well. In embodiments, each bolt head 86 has cogs or lugs 95.1 extending radially outward that are received in keyed slots 95.2 in the open end of the bolt body. The bolt head may be inserted in an axial direction with respect to the open end of the bolt body and then rotated with respect to the bolt body 58 to position the lugs 95.1 axially behind the radially inward projections 95.3 at the bolt body open end. So positioned, the bolt head cannot be removed without partially rotating the bolt head. See FIG. 5H illustrating the retention position. The bolt head is secured in place by a latch 96 configured as a lever seated in a cutout 96.1 with a pivot pin 96.2. The lever has an outward surface 96.3 that may be flush or recessed with the outward cylindrical surface 96.4 of the bolt body 58. The latch forward end has a stop projection 96.5 that seats between the lugs or cogs of the bolt head in an obstruction position with regard to the bolt head rotation that has been inserted and partially rotated, thereby precluding the bolt head from rotating to a removal rotational position. Again, see FIG. 5H. FIG. 5H shows the rearward end 96.7 of the latch depressed, raising the forward end of the latch to a bolt head rotation position, a non obstructing position. The bolt head as illustrated in FIG. 5I has been rotated to a bolt head removal position and FIG. 5J illustrates the bolt head being pulled out of the open end 95 of the bolt body 58.
[0122] The above operations may be performed only when the bolt assembly has been removed from the receiver. When the bolt body is in the receiver, the close tolerance between the exterior surface of the bolt body and the interior surface of the receiver, the latch cannot be moved from the obstruction position to the bolt head removal position. In other embodiments, the latch may simply have a radial inward projection that extends over a catch on the bolt head. The latch again needing to have it forward end raised to a non obstructing position to remove the bolt head.
[0123] Referring to FIGS. 2I, 5A, 6A-6H, the bolt heads have a plurality of circumferentially spaced apertures 96 that receive locking rollers 98 configured as spheres, or ball bearings, for engaging with recesses on the barrel extension, discussed below. When the bolt plunger 78, specifically the bolt plunger head 78.1, is fully engaged in the interior of the bolt head 86, the roller bearings are forced outward to their fully radial extension position as shown and when in an in-battery position, engage a cooperating circumferential recess in the barrel extension. When the plunger is not present, either by retraction within the bolt body or by removal of the bolt head from the bolt body, the rollers are free to move radially inward.
[0124] Referring to FIGS. 6G and 6H, an extractor 99 is retained in each bolt head by way of a spring ring 99.2.
[0125] Referring to FIGS. 2A, 2B, 6G, and 6I, an ejector 65 comprises an ejector bar 66 that pivots about post 65.2 and is spring biased by torsion spring 65.4. The post is fixed to the receiver 22 at ejector mounting region 65.7 as best shown in FIG. 2B. The receiver is not shown in FIGS. 2A and 6A so it appears the ejector 65 is unattached, but it will be anchored to the receiver or other structure fixed with respect to the receiver. The forward end 65.5 of the ejector bar rides in the ejector slot 65.8 and is urged therein by the torsion spring. The ejector slot has an elevated portion 179 that acts as a cam surface when the forward end passes the raised portion and the rearward end of the ejector bar, as a cam follower, follows the raised portion and forces the forward end into the cartridge holding region of the bolt head to eject the cartridge therein. See the discussion below with reference to FIGS. 17A-17D.
[0126] Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8-11, the components of various sub-mechanisms or linkage systems that make up the bolt operation mechanism 64 and actuated by the bolt handle 32 are illustrated. The operation of the bolt operation mechanism including the linkage systems in various stages are illustrated in FIGS. 12A-17D.
[0127] FIGS. 12A-C Bolt assembly in a ready-to-fire and in-battery position
[0128] FIGS. 13A-B Trigger pulled releasing striker from sear and firing pin forward
[0129] FIGS. 14A-B Rotation of bolt handle rearward commencing ejection cycle and cocking, bolt head still locked
[0130] FIGS. 15A-B Further rotation of bolt handle to the rearwardmost position, the striker pulled fully rearward, bolt head released, gradual pushing off of receiver by bolt assembly
[0131] FIG. 16A-C Bolt assembly pulled rearwardly to the rearwardmost position ejecting any casing or cartridge that was in the chamber
[0132] The bolt handle 32 having a horizontal rotation axis at the rear bolt cap and an angular range A1 of about the axis of about 45 degrees, plus or minus 15 degrees, in embodiments, see in particular, FIGS. 12C and 16C. In embodiments the bolt handle angular range of rotational motion is 30 degrees to 90 degrees as defined by a forwardmost rotational position F1 and a rearwardmost rotational position R1. The bolt handle 32 connecting to a main rotatable drive member 100 within the mechanism enclosure 60, rotatably connecting to the bolt body 58. See FIGS. 5A-5C. The drive member 100 is connected to and initiates the four different linkage systems that providing the functionality of the bolt assembly in the rifle. Those functionalities can be described as follows: locking the bolt in the in-battery position, providing the gradual final locking of the bolt with the mechanism locking up in an over center arrangement, locking the bolt handle forwardly or rearwardly, unlocking the forward bolt handle manually or upon firing, gradually pushing off the receiver by the bolt assembly initiating the extraction phase, locking the bolt handle forwardly, and cocking the action.
[0133] As best shown in FIG. 9, the main rotatable drive member 100 has a barrel portion 101, a first arm 102 with a pivot aperture 103, a projection 105, and a cam surface 106 all unitary with one another. Also extending outwardly from the barrel portion are a second arm 108 has a pivot aperture 110 and a bolt handle locking projection 112. The main rotatable drive member has a central opening 107 that receives the shaft portion 92 of the bolt handle 32.
[0134] Referring to FIGS. 8, 10A, 12A, 12B, components and interrelationships of a first linkage system 114 which is a sliding toggle mechanism with a first link 115 being the first arm of the main rotatable drive member 100, the second link 116 pivotally pinned to the first link and also pivotally pinned to a slider at the other end, the slider being the bolt plunger 78. The first and second links being constrained within the bolt assembly and having an over center position, see FIGS. 12A and 12B, that corresponds to the bolt plunger being extended and holding the locking roller balls into engagement with the barrel extension thereby locking the bolt head in the in-battery position. This position also correlates to the bolt handle in the forwardmost position. The second link also having cam surfaces 119 thereon that receive a bias inward toward the first link by a pusher member 121 that helps maintain the over center position of the linkage and maintains the bolt plunger as rearward as permitted by the positioning of the linkage. The pusher member slidingly engaged with the striker 82 and a spring 123 positioned between the striker and the pusher member. The first linkage system for locking and releasing the bolt in the in-battery position and providing the reduced travel rate for said locking and releasing. The first linkage system also functions to facilitate locking the bolt handle in the rearward most position, see FIGS. 15A-16C.
[0135] A second linkage system 125 is illustrated in FIGS. 9 and 12A-16B and comprises the second arm 108 of the main rotatable drive member 100, an extraction plunger configured as an H-shaped connecting link 127 pivotally pinned to the second arm, and a catch link 129 with a catch portion 131 pivotally pinned to the H-shaped connecting link. In FIGS. 12A-13B, before the bolt handle 32 is rotated rearwardly, the catch portion 131 engages a catch surface 133 on a pin 134 on the receiver 22. In FIGS. 15A and B, the second linkage system 125 is pushing off the receiver by way of the extraction plunger or connecting link 127 and/or the catch link 129 commencing the ejection cycle. The catch link 129 rotating clockwise urged by the spring 130 to move the catch portion 131 out of a catch position thereby allowing the bolt assembly to be slid rearwardly.
[0136] A third linkage system 133 is illustrated best in FIGS. 10A, 10B and 12A-16B, where the cam 105 of the main rotatable drive member 100 and two links, the striker 82 and firing pin 80 compress the firing pin spring 84 in preparation for firing, utilizing rotation of the bolt handle and the connected drive member 100. The firing spring is anchored with respect to the bolt body by way of a firing spring mount 137. The rotation of the main rotatable drive member, rotatably fixed to the bolt body, provides a cam surface of projection that pushes a first link (the striker) rearwardly. See FIGS. 13A-15B, the striker pinned to the firing pin such that as the striker and firing pin are pulled rearwardly within the bolt body the firing pin spring is compressed, the firing pin spring having a rearward end anchored to the bolt body. The striker is subsequently engaged by the sear to hold the firing pin spring in the compressed state see FIGS. 12A and 12B.
[0137] A fourth linkage system 140 is illustrated best in FIGS. 11 and 12A-16C. The fourth linkage system is a catch and release mechanism for locking the handle in the forwardmost position when the bolt is in the in-battery ready-to-fire position and for providing a push button release button accessible by the thumb for releasing the bolt handle from said position. The main rotatable member 100 providing a handle lock projection 141 that engages a cooperating projection 143 on a pushbutton lever 145 at a juncture 147. See FIGS. 11 and 12B. The pushbutton lever 145 having a thumb pushbutton 150 that is pivotal by a pin 153 on the mechanism housing 60 at pin holes 157, The lever is biased in clockwise direction (as seen in FIG. 12B) by torsion spring 149. A actuation link 161 is loosely pinned to the push button lever 145 at elongate pin hole 163 having a cam follower surface 167 that is engaged by a cam surface 168 on the rearward end 169 of the striker 82 (see FIG. 10B), such that as the striker is pulled back by way of the third linkage, the push button actuation link causes a lower end of the thumb pushbutton lever to move towards the main rotatable member to catch and secure the handle lock projection 141, see FIGS. 14B and 15B, locking the rotation of the rotatable member in place, thereby locking the bolt handle in the forwardly most position of the bolt handle. When locked, pushing the thumb button 150 rotates the pushbutton lever 145 clockwise thereby breaking the juncture 147 as shown in FIG. 12B. This allows the bolt handle to be rotated rearwardly from the forwardmost position (see FIGS. 12B and 12C) thereby rotating the main rotatable drive member 100 clockwise. This then actuates the first linkage system 114 described above to pull back the bolt plunger 78 thereby releasing the bolt head 86 and moreover, putting the front nose 171 of the bolt plunger 78 in an obstructing position with the firing pin flange 173 thereby precluding the firing pin tip from reaching a cartridge, providing a bolt handle operated safety, see FIG. 15A.
[0138] Referring to FIGS. 17A-17D, the ejection cycle is shown with the bolt assembly 30 being pulled rearwardly in the receiver 22. The ejector 65 has an ejector bar 66 rides in a slot 68 in the bolt body 58 and bolt head and pivots about a post 65.2 supported by the receiver. A torsion spring 72 urges the forward ejector portion 74 toward the bolt body and keeps the ejector bar in the slot. A cam follower surface 177 on the ejector bar 66 follows the cam surface 178 defined by the slot 68 and the raised portion 179. When the cam follower surface of the ejector bar engages the raised portion, an ejector portion 181 on the forward end of the ejector bar is forced inwardly into the ejector slot on the bolt head 86. The camming action is supplemental to the inward urging of the ejector portion by the torsion spring 72.
[0139] Additional operations of embodiments are described below. Referring specifically to FIGS. 18 and 19, the two position safety selector 40 is located at the rear of the receiver and can be operated with either hand. Pushing it either forward, away from the shooter, or rearward, towards the shooter, will engage or disengage the safety. Sliding the Safety Selector forward, the indicator 202 is visible and the safety is off—Ready to Fire position—see FIG. 18. Sliding the Safety Selector rearward, the Red Indicator is hidden from view and the safety is on—Full Safe position—see FIG. 19. In embodiments, the safety blocks the trigger from moving and does not lock the bolt from moving. The bolt can be opened or closed with the safety selector 40 in either position.
[0140] Referring to FIGS. 20-22, the bolt may be installed as follows. For installation of the bolt, the safety selector 40 may be positioned in the position of FIG. 19, the full safety position, the bolt handle 32 assembly should be cocked with the bolt handle 32 rotated fully rearward with the extraction plunger 127 fully visible as in FIG. 20, the ejector slot 68 aligned as shown in FIG. 22. The bolt may be manipulated forward and the bolt stop release lever 43.3 will snap into the bolt stop groove 42.8.
[0141] Referring to FIGS. 23-27, the bolt assembly 30 may be cycled as follows. With the safety selector 40 forward, and the bolt handle 32 forward as shown in FIGS. 23 and 24, the firearm is ready to fire if a cartridge is in the chamber. With the firearm cocked, the thumb pushbutton 150 is in the near vertical position as shown in FIG. 25. When the firearm has been fired the pushbutton 150 will be forward and no longer vertical as shown in FIG. 26. The pushbutton 150 is thus a cocking indicator that visually shows when the firearm is cocked or not. The pushbutton also acts as a release button, which in embodiments, will allow the bolt to be unlocked and pulled rearward if the firearm has not been fired. With the safety selector 40 rearward in the FULL SAFE position, the top of the pushbutton may be depressed, and the bolt handle pulled rearwardly.
[0142] Referring to FIG. 28, the bolt assembly 30 may be removed by putting the safety selector in the FULL SAFE position, with the bolt assembly 30 at its rearwardmost position, pushing the bolt stop lever forward and depressing it releases the bolt assembly and the bolt assembly may be pulled rearwardly.
[0143] The positioning of the bolt handle 32 may be accomplished in embodiments as follows. Referring to FIGS. 5A-5G and 29 after removing the bolt assembly 30 from the receiver 22 as described above, the bolt handle may be rotated rearwardly and then by slightly depressing the extraction plunger 127 the urges the bolt handle to slowly rotate forward, uncocking the bolt assembly. The tip 207 of plunger 209 is exposed on the end of the bolt handle shaft portion 92 centrally positioned within the bolt handle cap 212. The plunger is spring loaded by spring 214 and secured in the bolt handle shaft portion by pin 217. Depressing the tip 207 of the plunger allows the cap 212 to slide off as best illustrated by FIGS. 5F and 5G. The bolt handle post 219 may be removed by unscrewing it from the bolt handle shaft portion 92. The bolt handle 32 may then be removed from the right side of the bolt assembly 25, and either reinserted with a different angular position in the right side of the bolt assembly or it may be moved to the left side of the bolt assembly with a desired angular positioning. The bolt handle post 219 is screwed back on and the bolt handle cap 212 is slide back onto the projections on the bolt handle post 219 retained thereon by the spring loaded plunger 209.
[0144] The following United States patents are hereby incorporated by reference herein: U.S. Pat. Nos. 1,568,635, 3,257,749, 3,341,963, 3,653,140, 4,547,988, 4,672,762, 6,393,961, 9,115,941, 9,513,076, 9,599,417, 9,810,496, U.S. Ser. No. 10/077,957, U.S. Ser. No. 10/247,500. Components illustrated in the incorporated by reference references may be utilized with embodiments herein. Incorporation by reference is discussed, for example, in MPEP section 2163.07(B). The above references to U.S. patents in all sections of this application are herein incorporated by references in their entirety for all purposes.
[0145] All of the features disclosed, claimed, and incorporated by reference herein, and all of the steps of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or steps are mutually exclusive. Each feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. Thus, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed is an example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features. Inventive aspects of this disclosure are not restricted to the details of the foregoing embodiments, but rather extend to any novel embodiment, or any novel combination of embodiments, of the features presented in this disclosure, and to any novel embodiment, or any novel combination of embodiments, of the steps of any method or process so disclosed.
[0146] Although specific examples have been illustrated and described herein, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that any arrangement calculated to achieve the same purpose could be substituted for the specific examples disclosed. This application is intended to cover adaptations or variations of the present subject matter. Therefore, it is intended that the invention be defined by the attached claims and their legal equivalents, as well as the illustrative aspects. The above described embodiments are merely descriptive of its principles and are not to be considered limiting. Further modifications of the invention herein disclosed will occur to those skilled in the respective arts and all such modifications are deemed to be within the scope of the inventive aspects.
