Pneumatic device

Abstract

A pneumatic device includes an outer ring (1) and a core body (3), at least one stage of secondary stroke flow channel (300) being provided between a nozzle (301) and an exhaust port (302) which are located at an outer ring surface of the core body (3); gas enters from an intake passage (31), is ejected in stages through the nozzle (301) and the secondary stroke flow channel (300) of the core body (3), acts on at least two driving recesses (11) in a circumferential direction of the outer ring (1), and generates a pushing force for the driving recesses (11) to push the outer ring (1) to rotate and do work, so as to achieve a power output, and finally, the gas is discharged from an exhaust passage (310) through the exhaust port (302) of the core body (3).

Claims

1. A pneumatic device, comprising: an outer ring, having at least two driving recesses on an inner ring surface of the outer ring in a circumferential direction; a core body, being coaxially arranged in the outer ring and being capable of rotating relative to the outer ring, where an outer ring surface of the core body is provided with at least one nozzle and at least one exhaust port, and the core body is further provided with at least one secondary stroke flow channel between the at least one nozzle and the at least one exhaust port, wherein each secondary stroke flow channel is delimited by radially inner and outer boundaries, a portion of which are radially spaced from the outer ring surface of the core body, and includes a return channel and a stroke channel communicated with the return channel, at least one intake passage communicating with the at least one nozzle, and at least one exhaust passage communicating with the at least one exhaust port; wherein the at least one intake passage terminates at the at least one nozzle on the outer ring surface of the core body, and wherein, for a rotational position of the core body relative to the outer ring: the at least one nozzle communicates with a driving recess of the at least two driving recesses of the outer ring, and each secondary stroke flow channel communicates with two driving recesses of the at least two driving recesses, i.e., front and rear driving recesses, of the outer ring and forms a N-stage flow channel along the circumferential direction of the core body, where N is a natural number greater than or equal to 2, the return channel of a N-stage secondary stroke flow channel of the at least one secondary stroke flow channel communicates with a N-stage driving recess of the at least two driving recesses, and the stroke channel of the N-stage secondary stroke flow channel communicates with another N-stage driving recess of the at least two driving recesses; wherein the N-stage flow channels are arranged in series to form a multi-stage stroke structure with decreasing energy of gas flowing therethrough; wherein a running direction of the at least one intake passage is a logarithmic spiral line extending from a middle to an outside of the core body, and a running direction of each stroke channel is a portion of a logarithmic spiral line extending from the middle to the outside of the core body, wherein, in operation, the gas enters from the at least one intake passage and flows through the multi-stage stroke structure to generate a pushing force that causes the outer ring to rotate and do work, so as to achieve a power output, and finally, the gas is discharged from the at least one exhaust passage through the at least one exhaust port of the core body.

2. The pneumatic device according to claim 1, further comprising at least one independent work unit, wherein each independent work unit includes: one of the at least one intake passage, one of the at least one nozzle, at least two of the driving recesses, at least one of the at least one secondary stroke flow channel, one of the at least one exhaust port and one of the at least one exhaust passage.

3. The pneumatic device according to claim 1, wherein each secondary stroke flow channel is arranged along the core body in the circumferential direction.

4. The pneumatic device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one intake passage and the at least one exhaust passage are formed inside the core body.

5. The pneumatic device according to claim 4, wherein a running direction of each return channel is an arc line extending inward from the outer ring surface of the core body.

6. The pneumatic device according to claim 4, wherein a pole of the logarithmic spiral line of the at least one intake passage is set on a central axis line of the core body.

7. The pneumatic device according to claim 1, wherein the pneumatic device further comprises a shaft, and the core body is coaxially arranged on the shaft.

8. The pneumatic device according to claim 7, wherein the shaft is provided with an intake shaft passage and an exhaust shaft passage, which are in communication with the at least one intake passage and the at least one exhaust passage of the core body, respectively.

9. The pneumatic device according to claim 8, wherein the intake shaft passage and the exhaust shaft passage in the shaft are provided with an inlet and an outlet, respectively.

10. The pneumatic device according to claim 9, wherein the inlet and outlet of the shaft are arranged at one end of the shaft or at two ends of the shaft, and the outlet of the shaft axially extends to form the at least one exhaust shaft passage.

11. The pneumatic device according to claim 7, wherein the outer ring is connected to the shaft through side plates to form a closed space, and the core body is arranged in the closed space and connected and fixed with the shaft.

12. The pneumatic device according to claim 1, wherein each driving recess has a contour bottom surface and a driving surface, and a contour line of each contour bottom surface is a portion of a logarithmic spiral line having a pole set at a center of the core body.

13. The pneumatic device according to claim 1, wherein the core body is formed by a left core body and a right core body matching with each other, and matching surfaces of the left and right core bodies are provided with the at least one intake passage and the at least one exhaust passage.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;

(2) FIG. 2 is a side view of an axis from A direction according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;

(3) FIG. 3 is a side view of the axis from B direction according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;

(4) FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;

(5) FIG. 5 is another layout diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;

(6) FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure;

(7) FIG. 7 is a side view of an axis from C direction according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure;

(8) FIG. 8 is a side view of the axis from D direction according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure; and

(9) FIG. 9 is a radial sectional view of Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

(10) The present disclosure will be further explained below in conjunction with drawings.

Embodiment 1

(11) Please refer to FIGS. 1 to 4, a pneumatic device includes an outer ring 1, having a plurality of driving recesses 11 on an inner ring surface of the outer ring in a circumferential direction; a core body 3, being coaxially arranged in the outer ring 1 and being capable of rotating relative to the outer ring, where an outer ring surface of the core body 3 is provided with at least one nozzle 301, at least one exhaust port 302, and at least one secondary stroke flow channel 300 between the nozzle and the exhaust port;

(12) at least one intake passage 31, communicating with the at least one nozzle 301; and

(13) at least one exhaust passage 310, communicating with the at least one exhaust port 302;

(14) a gas enters from the intake passage 31, is ejected in stages through the nozzle 301 and the secondary stroke flow channel 300 of the core body 3, acts on at least two driving recesses 11 of the outer ring in the circumferential direction, and generates a pushing force for the driving recesses to push the outer ring 1 to rotate and do work, so as to achieve a continuous power output, and finally, the gas is discharged from the exhaust passage through the exhaust port of the core body 3. The pneumatic device further includes a shaft 2, and the outer ring 1 and the core body 3 are coaxially arranged in the shaft 2.

(15) As shown in FIG. 4, the intake passage 31 and the exhaust passage 310 are formed inside the core body 3. The nozzle 301 and the secondary stroke flow channel 300 on the core body 3 communicate with the driving recesses 11 corresponding to the outer ring 1, where at least one secondary stroke flow channel 300 and corresponding driving recesses 11 are arranged alternately and sequentially communicated, and the secondary stroke flow channel 300 are arranged along the core body or the outer ring in the circumferential direction.

(16) As shown in FIG. 4, the core body 3 includes: the intake passage 31, forming a nozzle 31 on the peripheral surface of the core body, and running in a direction that is an arc line extending from middle to outside, where the nozzle 301 communicates with a corresponding driving recess 11 of the outer ring to form a first stage flow channel;

(17) the secondary stroke flow channel 300, running in a direction that is an arc line extending inward form an edge of the core body 3 and then curved toward the edge, each secondary stroke flow channel 300 communicates with corresponding two driving recesses, i.e., front and rear driving recesses, of the outer ring 1, forming N-stage flow channels along the circumferential direction of the core body, where N is an natural number greater than or equal to 2. It need to be noted that, if it is a two-stage flow channel, then it includes a first stage flow channel (intake passage) and a second stage flow channel (secondary stroke flow channel); if it is a three-stage flow channel, then it includes a first stage flow channel (intake passage), a second stage flow channel (secondary stroke flow channel), a third stage flow channel (another secondary flow channel), . . . .

(18) Each stage flow channel cooperates with corresponding driving recesses of the outer ring to form a multi-stage stroke structure with decreasing gas energy.

(19) According to the requirement of the load, the pneumatic device can be designed, where the core body 3 can be set to be a two-stage flow channel, a three-stage flow channel, or more-stage intake flow channel; each stage does work circularly, makes full use of energy, and improve the use efficiency to the maximum extent to meet the needs of outputting torque and rotation speed.

(20) FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a four-stage flow channel. After entering from a first stage flow channel 311, a compressed gas passes through a second stage flow channel 312, a third stage flow channel 313, and a fourth stage flow channel 314, and is ejected and acts on corresponding driving recesses 11, and finally, is output through the exhaust passage 310; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a five-stage intake flow channel, and the working process is similar to that shown in FIG. 5. As shown in FIG. 5, the secondary stroke flow channel 300 is delimited by a radially inner boundary 350 and a radially outer boundary 360, portions of which are radially spaced from the outer ring surface of the core body 3, and includes a return channel and a stroke channel in communication with the return channel, for example, the return channel 3131 and the communicated stroke channel 3132 in the third stage flow channel in FIG. 5, where the return channel 3131 communicates with a corresponding driving recess of the outer ring, and the stroke channel 3132 communicates with another driving recess.

(21) Please refer to FIG. 1, the pneumatic device further includes a shaft 2, the outer ring 1 and the core body 3 are coaxially arranged on the shaft 2, the shaft 2 is provided with intake and exhaust shaft passages 21 and 210, they communicate with the intake passage 31 and the exhaust passage 310 of the core body 3, respectively. The intake and exhaust shaft passages in the shaft are provided with an inlet (gas inlet) and an outlet (gas outlet), and the intake and exhaust shaft passages are not communicated. The outer ring 1 matches with the shaft 2 through side plates 41 and 42 to form a closed space, and the core body 3 is arranged in the closed space and connected and fixed with the shaft 2. The core body 3 of the present disclosure is provided with at least two stages of flow channel, and each stage flow channel communicates with corresponding driving recesses of the outer ring, and finally, the gas is discharged from the exhaust passage.

(22) Please refer to FIG. 1, the core body 3 of the present disclosure can be formed by a left core body and a right core body matching with each other, the matching surfaces of the left and right cores bodies are provided with an intake passage 31 and an exhaust passage 310, and the core body 3 can also be cast as a whole.

(23) Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, this embodiment is a primary driving structure. A gas passage is provided on the core body 3 along the circumferential direction to form the primary driving structure, and the gas passage is also called an independent work unit. On the core body 3 and the outer ring 1, one intake passage 31, one nozzle 301, at least two driving recesses 11, at least one secondary stroke flow channel 300, an exhaust port 302 and an exhaust passage 310 form an independent work unit. The pneumatic device includes at least one independent work unit. In the independent work unit, the intake passage 31, the nozzle 301, the driving recesses 11, the secondary stroke flow channel 300, the exhaust port 302 and the exhaust passage 310 form a gas flowing path.

(24) Please refer to FIG. 1, FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, the inner ring surface of the outer ring 1 in the present disclosure is provided with two or more driving recesses 11, each driving recess has a contour bottom surface 111 and a driving surface 112, a contour line of the contour bottom surface 111 can be a common arc line or a spiral line; when the contour line of the contour bottom surface is a logarithmic spiral line, a pole of the contour bottom surface is set on the shaft 2, and each driving recess 11 communicates with two adjacent stage flow channels at the same time to allow the gas entering from a front stage flow channel to output from a back stage flow channel.

(25) A running direction of the intake passage, i.e., the first stage flow channel, of the core body 3 of the present disclosure can be a common arc or spiral line, the running direction of stroke channel of each secondary stroke flow channel, i.e., the N.sup.th stage flow channel, can also be a common arc or spiral line.

(26) As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the core body 3 of the present disclosure is provided with an intake passage 31. A running direction of the intake passage 31 is a logarithmic spiral line extending from the middle to the outside, a running direction of the stroke channel of the secondary stroke flow channel 300 is a logarithmic spiral line, and the running direction of the logarithmic spiral line of the stroke channel of the secondary stroke flow channel is roughly the same as the running direction of the logarithmic spiral line of the intake passage. The running direction of the intake passage of the core body 3 is the logarithmic spiral line extending from the middle to the outside, and a pole of the logarithmic spiral line is set on a central axis line of the core body, and a strike angle of the logarithmic spiral line is 15°-45°, the smaller the angle, the longer the flow channel, the more loss; the larger the angle, the smaller the tangential force component that drives the outer ring.

(27) Please refer to FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the intake shaft passage 21 and the exhaust shaft passage 210 in the shaft 2 of the present disclosure form an inlet and an outlet, and the intake and exhaust shaft passages are not communicated. The inlet and outlet of the shaft can be arranged at one end of the shaft or at both ends of the shaft, the intake shaft passage 21 communicates with the intake passage 31 of the core body; the outlet of the shaft axially extends to form an exhaust shaft passage 210; and the exhaust shaft passage communicates with the exhaust passage 310 of the core body.

(28) The pneumatic device involved in this application refers to a device that can convert gas energy into mechanical rotation. In addition to necessary designs on the outer ring, the core body and the corresponding recess structure or flow channel structure, the device may additionally include other components; for example, it may additionally include, for example, a housing and a sealing structure to provide protection, and for another example, it may additionally include a coupling to provide torque transmission, etc. Among them, a specific form of the outer ring can be changed according to different output modes of mechanical rotation, for example, an external tooth structure is formed on the outside of the outer ring to facilitate the output of kinetic energy through gear transmission; for another example, the outer ring has a belt groove to facilitate the output of the kinetic energy by belt transmission; for still another example, the outer ring has a mounting flange, so that the coupling can be conveniently installed to output kinetic energy; and so on. The core body and the outer ring are made of hard materials, which are not limited to metals, metal alloys, plastics, and composite materials. The recess structure or the flow channel structure of the core body and the outer ring can be processed by any known production methods, including but not limited to die casting, forging, extrusion, 3D printing, etc. The gas pressure input to the pneumatic device can be produced by a compressor (such as a pneumatic pump), or by a container for compressing a fluid (such as a high-pressure gas bottle), etc.

(29) It should be noted in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 that the intake passage 31 and the exhaust passage 310 of the core body, and the intake shaft passage 21, and the exhaust shaft passage 210 are not corresponding according to the drawing rules, but for the sake of visual illustration, the intake passage and the exhaust passage of the core body in FIG. 1 do refer to the intake passage and the exhaust passage, and FIG. 6 and FIG. 9 in Embodiment 2 are shown similar to this.

Embodiment 2

(30) refer to FIGS. 6-9, the pneumatic device includes two independent work units to form a two-stage driving structure, that is, two gas passages are provided on the core body 3 along the circumferential direction, and each gas passage includes one- or more-stage intake passage 31 and secondary stroke flow channel 300 and the core body 3 are provided with the exhaust passage 310 along the circumferential direction. The pneumatic device includes the outer ring 1, the inner ring surface of which is provided with a plurality of driving recesses 11 in the circumferential direction; the core body 3, being coaxially arranged in the outer ring 1 and being capable of rotating relative to the outer ring, where the outer ring surface of the core body is provided with two sets of nozzles and exhaust ports, and at least one secondary stroke flow channel provided between each set of nozzles and exhaust ports, the core body is provided with two intake passages 31, 32 communicating with corresponding nozzles, and two exhaust passages 310, 320 communicating with corresponding exhaust ports. Two gases enter from the two intake passages of the core body respectively, and are ejected in stages through the nozzles and the secondary stroke flow channel 300 of the core body 3, act on the corresponding driving recesses of the outer ring 11 in the circumferential direction, and generate a pushing force for the driving recesses to push the outer ring 1 to rotate and do work, so as to achieve a power output, and finally, the gas is discharged from the exhaust passage through the exhaust ports of the core body. The above-mentioned one intake passage, one nozzle, the corresponding number of driving recess and corresponding secondary stroke flow channel, exhaust port and one exhaust passage form an independent work unit.

(31) The pneumatic device also includes a shaft 2, the outer ring 1 and the core 3 are coaxially arranged on the shaft, the shaft 2 is provided with intake shaft passages 21, 22 and exhaust shaft passages 210, 220, and the intake shaft passages 21, 22 and exhaust shaft passages 210, 220 communicate with the intake passages 31, 32 and the exhaust passages 310, 320 of the core body, respectively. The shaft 2 is provided with two inlets and two outlets corresponding to gas passages; compressed gas enters from the two inlets of the shaft 2, and is ejected through the intake passages of the core body 3 to act on the driving recesses 11 of the outer ring 1 to generate a pushing force to push the outer ring 1 to rotate and do work, and finally, the compressed gas arrives at corresponding outlets through the exhaust passages of the core body 3 to achieve a continuous power output. Other structures are the same as those in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated.

Embodiment 3

(32) the pneumatic device of the present disclosure includes 4 or more independent work units to form a multi-stage driving structure, and three or more gas passages are provided on the core body in the circumferential direction, and each gas passage includes one- or more-stage intake passage and secondary stroke flow channel, and the exhaust passages are arranged along the circumference direction of the core body, the intake passages and the exhaust passages are arranged on left and right mating surfaces of core body. The shaft is provided with intake shaft passages and exhaust shaft passages with the number corresponding to the gas passages. Compressed gas enters from the intake shaft passage of the shaft and is ejected through the intake flow channels of the core body to act on the driving recesses of the outer ring to push the outer ring to rotate and do work, so as to realize a continuous power output, and finally, the compressed gas arrives at a corresponding exhaust shaft passage through each exhaust passage of the core body. Other structures are the same as those in Embodiment 1.

Embodiment 4

(33) Prototype of pneumatic device:

(34) (1) two-stage pneumatic device

(35) 1. Main parameters are as follows:

(36) (1) Gas pressure: 1.2 MPa;

(37) (2) Maximum rotation speed: 8550 r/min;

(38) (3) Number of stage of driving structure: 3;

(39) (4) Diameter of intake flow channel: Φ5 mm;

(40) (5) Number of stage of intake for single-stage driving: 2;

(41) (6) Diameter of outer ring: Φ140 mm;

(42) (7) Weight of outer ring: 2.5 KG

(43) 2. Torque output

(44) TABLE-US-00001 Static torque (rotation speed is 0 r/min) N static = 4.95 N .Math. m; Output torque 1 (rotation speed is 1000 r/min) N1000 = 6.23 N .Math. m; Output torque 2 (rotation speed is 3000 r/min) N3000 = 8.79 N .Math. m; Output torque 3 (rotation speed is 5000 r/min) N5000 = 11.35 N .Math. m; Output torque 4 (rotation speed is 8550 r/min) Nmax = 15.89 N .Math. m.

(45) (2) Five-stage pneumatic device

(46) 1. Main parameters are as follows:

(47) (1) Gas pressure: 1.2 MPa;

(48) (2) Maximum rotation speed: 17967 r/min;

(49) (3) Number of stage of driving structure: 3;

(50) (4) Diameter of intake flow channel: Φ5 mm;

(51) (5) Number of stage of intake for single-stage driving: 5;

(52) (6) Diameter of outer ring: Φ140 mm;

(53) (7) Weight of outer ring: 2.5 KG.

(54) 2. Torque output

(55) TABLE-US-00002 Static torque (rotation speed is 0 r/min) N static = 9.58 N .Math. m; Output torque 1 (rotation speed is 1000 r/min) N1000 = 10.86 N .Math. m; Output torque 2 (rotation speed is 3000 r/min) N3000 = 13.42 N .Math. m; Output torque 3 (rotation speed is 5000 r/min) N5000 = 15.98 N .Math. m; Output torque 4 (rotation speed is 10000 r/min) N10000 = 22.38 N .Math. m; Output torque 5 (rotation speed is 17967 r/min) Nmax = 33.58 N .Math. m.

(56) It can be seen from the experiments that under the same conditions, increasing the number of stage of driving intake can significantly increase the output torque, acceleration performance is better, and at the same time, it is also beneficial to increase the rotation speed.

(57) The above records are only embodiments using the technical solution of the present disclosure; any modification and change made by use of the present disclosure by a person familiar with this art belong to the patent scope claimed by the present disclosure without limitation to those disclosures in the embodiments.