BALLISTIC BLOCK FOR A BULLET RESISTANT GLAZING

Abstract

The invention relates to a ballistic block (10) particularly for a bullet-resistant glazing (100) or as bullet-resistant glazing (100), wherein the ballistic block (10) comprises at least two transparent panes (11, 12, 13, 14) joined to one another via an interlayer (19), whereby the ballistic block (10) is constructed without an energy-absorbing layer or polycarbonate film, and whereby the at least two transparent panes (11, 12, 13, 14) and in particular all the transparent panes (11, 12, 13, 14) of the ballistic block (10) are each panes made of toughened glass.

Claims

1. A ballistic block for a bullet-resistant glazing, wherein the ballistic block comprises at least two transparent panes joined to one another by an interlayer between the at least two transparent panes, wherein the ballistic block does not include an energy-absorbing layer or a polycarbonate film, and wherein the at least two transparent panes are each made of toughened glass.

2. The ballistic block according to claim 1, wherein the at least two transparent panes are fully tempered glass panes or panes of heat-strengthened glass.

3. The ballistic block (10) according to claim 1, wherein the interlayer is composed of at least partly or partially from an ionoplast polymer.

4. The ballistic block according to claim 1, wherein the interlayer is an SGP film, and wherein the interlayer has an overall maximum nominal thickness of 0.9 mm.

5. The ballistic block according to claim 1, wherein the at least two transparent panes are combined into one structurally self-supporting unit by the interlayer such that when the ballistic block is installed, the ballistic block is configured to be retained on no more than two sides of the ballistic block.

6. The ballistic block according to claim 1, wherein the ballistic block forms the bullet-resistant glazing without a further transparent pane arranged at a spacing from the ballistic blocker).

7. The ballistic block according to claim 1, wherein the ballistic block has a symmetrical and monolithic construction.

8. The bullet-resistant glazing having the ballistic block according to claim 1 and at least one further transparent pane arranged parallel to and spaced from the at least two transparent panes the ballistic block and connected to the ballistic block by a peripheral spacer such that a hollow space is located between the ballistic block and the at least one further transparent pane, wherein the ballistic block of the bullet-resistant glazing does not include an energy-absorbing layer or a polycarbonate film.

9. The bullet-resistant glazing according to claim 8, wherein the at least two transparent panes and the at least one further transparent pane are combined into one structurally self-supporting unit such that when the bullet-resistant glazing is installed, the bullet-resistant glazing is retained on no more than two sides of the bullet-resistant glazing.

10. The bullet-resistant glazing according to claim 8, wherein the bullet-resistant glazing has a continuous monolithic transparent surface of at least 15 m.sup.2.

11. The bullet-resistant glazing according to claim 8, wherein the at least two transparent panes of the ballistic block and the at least one further transparent pane are curved glass panes having a bending radius.

12. The bullet-resistant glazing according to claim 8, wherein the ballistic block has a thickness measured in a direction of a ballistic fire and which resists the ballistic fire from a 7.62×51 mm full metal jacket/hard core round pursuant to standards under DIN 1063, wherein the thickness of the ballistic block is formed by the at least two transparent panes and the interlayer and by a thickness of the at least two transparent panes of the ballistic block.

13. The bullet-resistant glazing according to claim 8, wherein the at least one further transparent pane includes a laminated glass, wherein the laminated glass comprises at least two further transparent panes of the at least one further transparent pane connected to each other via a second interlayer, the second interlayer being an ionoplast film; wherein a distance between the ballistic block 404 and the at least one further transparent pane is 10 mm to 40 mm; wherein at least one pane of the at least two transparent panes and the at least one further transparent pane of the glazing includes a solar screening coating; wherein the solar screening coating is located on a surface area of the at least one panes of the ballistic block directly adjacent the hollow space and facing the hollow space; wherein a thermal protection layer, is located on the surface area of the at least one panes of the at least one further pane directly adjacent the hollow space and facing the hollow space; and wherein the interlayer of the ballistic block and the at least one further transparent pane are composed of a material having a heat rating of less than 55 MJ/kg.

14. A system, comprising the bullet-resistant glazing according to claim 8 and a retaining structure for holding the bullet-resistant glazing on part of a building, wherein the retaining structure is designed configured to hold the bullet-resistant glazing on no more than two sides of the bullet-resistant glazing.

15. The system according to claim 14, wherein the bullet-resistant glazing is curved.

Description

[0068] The following will reference the accompanying drawings in describing exemplary embodiments of the inventive bullet-resistant glazing in greater detail.

[0069] Shown are:

[0070] FIG. 1 a schematic and cross-sectional view of a section of an edge region of one exemplary embodiment of the inventive glazing;

[0071] FIG. 2 a schematic and cross-sectional view of a further embodiment of the inventive bullet-proof glazing; and

[0072] FIG. 3 a schematic and cross-sectional view of a further embodiment of the inventive bullet-proof glazing.

[0073] According to the current prior art, a non-shattering bullet-proof glazing 100 in the BR1-NS to BR7-NS classes pursuant to the EN 1063 standard is primarily based on the approach of using resilient layers applied to the inner side of the glazing 100 to retain outward spall. These applied layers usually consist of either polycarbonate or a clear, tear-resistant, anti-shatter film.

[0074] These layers always on the innermost side due to their function have the disadvantage of not having scratch resistance comparable to glass surfaces. For this reason, moving the splinter shield to the space between the panes does not currently allow for the application of suitable solar screening coatings, which is very often necessary for the correspondingly required structural engineering qualities of the glazing 100.

[0075] In addition, the currently available anti-shatter films or polycarbonate panels are limited in their production size. As of a certain size of insulating glass or relevant structural requirements, the use of TPU composite films as required for laminating polycarbonate to glass is no longer sufficient for the load transfer. The fire safety classification of this glazing 100 is moreover very unfavorable due to the large combustible mass of polycarbonate.

[0076] These and other disadvantages are eliminated by the glazing 100 according to the invention, which in particular provides for containing the glass shards and projectile spall from the exterior non-classified armored glass pane which occur when under ballistic fire in the space between the panes of the bullet-resistant glazing 100 formed as a ballistic block. The space between the panes is thereby used as a buffer for the pressure wave and the splinters. Thus, in the end, the necessary classification is achieved by the glazing 100 designed as an insulating glass unit as a whole.

[0077] In detail, the embodiment of the inventive glazing 100 depicted schematically in FIG. 1 is realized with an exterior armored glass pane as a ballistic block 10. To that end, the ballistic block 10 has at least two and—as indicated in FIG. 1—e.g. four transparent panes 11, 12, 13, 14, each joined to one another by an interlayer 19.

[0078] A laminated glass pane 15 having a total of two (additional) transparent panes 15, 16 is provided parallel to the panes 11, 12, 13, 14 of the ballistic block 10 and spaced therefrom by a peripheral spacer 21, the spacer 21 connecting same to the ballistic block 10 such that a hollow space 20 is formed between the ballistic block 10 on the one side and the laminated glass pane 15 on the other.

[0079] Accordingly, the bullet-resistant glazing 100 consists of the ballistic block 10 facing the impact side, which as a whole is realized as a laminated glass pane, and the at least one further transparent pane 15, 16 on the far side from the impact side, which is likewise realized here as a laminated glass pane 15.

[0080] This at least one further transparent pane 15, 16, realized as a laminated glass pane 15 is combined with the ballistic block 10 and the interposed air gap 20 into a double-pane insulating glazing, and done so by the ballistic block 10 and the at least one further transparent pane 15, 16 being connected to the spacing frame or spacer 21 respectively via adhesive layers. The fillet formed by the edge regions of the ballistic block 10 and the at least one further transparent pane 15, 16 as well as the spacer 21/spacing frame is realized with a sealing compound.

[0081] In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the ballistic block 10 realized as a laminated glass pane comprises a total of four glass panes 11, 12, 13, 14, each being e.g. a silicate glass pane, which are joined to one another via interlayers 19 made of an ionoplast polymer.

[0082] The glazing according to the invention is in particular characterized by the panes 11, 12, 13, 14 of the ballistic block 10 being panes of toughened glass. The further transparent panes 16, 17 are preferably also panes of toughened glass. The transparent panes 11, 12, 13, 14 of the ballistic block 10 and the further transparent panes 16, 17 are thereby combined into one structurally self-supporting unit such that the glazing 100 only needs to be held on two sides when installed.

[0083] The glass panes 11, 12, 13, 14 of the ballistic block 10 realized as a laminated glass pane can each have the same thickness; although it would also be conceivable for the outer glass panes 11, 14 of the ballistic block 10 realized as a laminated glass pane to be significantly thinner than the middle glass panes 12, 13. In these embodiments, the glass panes 11, 12, 13, 14 of the ballistic block 10 realized as a laminated glass pane have a thickness of, for example, approximately 8 to 15 mm.

[0084] The air gap 20 between the ballistic block 10 and the at least one further laminated glass pane 15 is preferably at least approximately 12 mm.

[0085] The at least one further laminated glass pane 15 comprises the glass pane facing the air gap 20, which can be realized for example as a silicate glass pane having a thickness of e.g. approximately 3 mm. This glass pane 17 facing the air gap is bonded to an exterior glass pane 16 of thermally toughened silicate glass via an interlayer 22, in particular a polyvinyl butyral interlayer having a thickness of e.g. 1.5 mm. This exterior glass pane 16 of the at least one further laminated glass pane 15 can exhibit the same thickness as the interior glass pane 16.

[0086] However, selecting a greater thickness for the exterior glass pane 16 is also conceivable, for example a thickness of 6 mm, so as to be able to achieve a flexural strength of at least 500 kg/cm 2.

[0087] The inventive glazing 100 has a bullet-resistant effect corresponding to the BR37-NS ballistic resistance class, whereby no splintering occurs on the far side from the ballistic fire.

[0088] No rating-classified, bullet-proof exterior pane is required to produce the bullet-resistant glazing 100, which significantly reduces the overall glass thickness structure and thus the weight and the costs of the glazing 100 as a whole.

[0089] This new application further does away with the previous size limitation, for example due to the availability of polycarbonate panels for bullet-proof glass. Theoretically, sizes of, for example, at least 20 m×3.5 m are now also thereby possible.

[0090] Moreover, the glass surfaces can be cleaned in the completely normal way one cleans all glass surfaces. In particular, there is no need to be concerned about scratching the polycarbonate or the anti-shatter films.

[0091] Furthermore, solar screening and thermal insulation coatings can be applied to any surface in the space 20 between the panes of the glazing 100 without any difficulty.

[0092] By using high-strength, permanent load-transferring composite films such as, for example, ionoplasts in the exterior ballistic block, such glass can additionally be subjected to higher static loads. The main advantage in this is that the ballistic block at the same time constitutes the structurally resilient exterior pane of the insulating glass structure. This is most relevant when utilized for correspondingly high loads (e.g. hurricane loads) or simply ultralarge insulating glass. The only task remaining for the interior laminated pane is thus creating an insulated space between the panes and trapping the splinters.

[0093] None of this is possible if polycarbonate panels or anti-shatter films are used to protect against splintering. This is because when laminating with corresponding composite films such as TPU film (thermoplastic polyurethane), high-strength films cannot be combined in the same package simultaneously. Such high-strength films, e.g. ionoplast films, require their own program cycles with, for example, higher temperatures; the TPU film would thereby overheat and become unusable.

[0094] Ultimately, there is no degrading of the fire safety classification through the use of standard laminated safety glass composite units.

[0095] FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 each show further embodiments of the inventive bullet-resistant glazing 100 schematically and in cross-sectional view. In FIG. 2, the inventive glazing 100 is realized with an exterior armored glass pane as ballistic block 10, whereby the ballistic block 10 here comprises a total of four transparent panes 11, 12, 13 and 14 which are each joined together via an interlayer 19.

[0096] Provided parallel to the panes 11, 12, 13 and 14 of the ballistic block 10 and spaced therefrom via a peripheral spacer 15 is a laminated glass pane 15 with a total of two (additional) transparent panes 15, 16 connected to the ballistic block 10 by means of the spacer 21 such that that a hollow space 20 is formed between the ballistic block 10 on the one side and the laminated glass pane 15 on the other.

[0097] It is in particular provided for the glazing 100 depicted schematically in FIG. 2 to have an outward convex curve.

[0098] In contrast, in the embodiment depicted schematically in FIG. 3, it is provided for the glazing 100 shown there to be of concave design relative to the exterior. Apart from that, the embodiment of the inventive glazing 100 shown in FIG. 3 corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2.

[0099] The special structure of the glazing enables realizing the curved design of the glazing.