Abstract
An assembly for a cartridge needle insertion mechanism includes a housing, a cartridge needle defining a cartridge needle axis and a cartridge closed by a septum. A cartridge needle slider is linearly guided by the housing along an insertion axis to be moved by a driver from a first position, where the cartridge needle is not penetrating the septum, to a second position where the cartridge needle penetrates the septum of the cartridge. A cartridge needle holder holding the cartridge needle is operatively coupled with the cartridge needle slider to be moved with the cartridge needle slider from the first to the second position. The assembly includes a compliant coupling between the cartridge needle holder and the cartridge needle slider configured to facilitate movement of the cartridge needle holder with respect to the slider when moved into the second position, thereby compensating for needle penetration forces.
Claims
1. An assembly for a cartridge needle insertion mechanism comprising: a housing; a cartridge needle defining a cartridge needle axis; a cartridge closed by a septum; a cartridge needle slider linearly guidable by the housing along an insertion axis and movable by a driver from a first position in which the cartridge needle does not penetrate the septum to a second position in which the cartridge needle penetrates the septum; and a cartridge needle holder holding the cartridge needle and operatively coupled with the cartridge needle slider, the cartridge needle holder movable together with the cartridge needle slider along the insertion axis from the first position to the second position, wherein a compliant coupling between the cartridge needle holder and the cartridge needle slider is configured to facilitate a movement of the cartridge needle holder with respect to the cartridge needle slider when moved into the second position, thereby compensating for needle penetration forces oriented perpendicular to the insertion axis.
2. The assembly according to claim 1, wherein the movement of the cartridge needle holder with respect to the cartridge needle slider is perpendicular to the insertion axis, or the movement is a pivoting movement of the cartridge needle holder around the insertion axis, or the cartridge needle holder rotates around the insertion axis.
3. The assembly according to claim 1, wherein the compliant coupling comprises a first coupling member on the cartridge needle holder engaging a second coupling member on the cartridge needle slider in a plane parallel to the insertion axis.
4. The assembly according to claim 3, wherein the first coupling member and the second coupling member elastically engage each other and/or are in a linear or rotational friction fit engagement.
5. The assembly according to claim 4, wherein the first coupling member comprises a protrusion radially extending from the cartridge needle holder, whereby the protrusion is at least partially elastically and/or plastically deformable and engages the second coupling member shaped as a rigid surface on the cartridge needle slider being oriented parallel to the insertion axis, or wherein the first coupling member comprises a rigid protrusion radially extending from the cartridge needle holder engaging the second coupling member shaped as an at least partially elastically and/or plastically deformable surface on the cartridge needle slider being oriented parallel to the insertion axis.
6. The assembly according to claim 2, wherein the cartridge comprises a barrel defining a cartridge axis and the cartridge is in a fixed position with respect to the housing, and wherein the cartridge axis is aligned with the insertion axis when the cartridge needle slider is in the first position.
7. The assembly according to claim 6, wherein the assembly is not an alignment arrangement configured to align the cartridge axis and the insertion axis when the cartridge needle slider moves from the first position to the second position.
8. The assembly according to claim 6, wherein the cartridge needle slider and the cartridge needle holder are coaxially arranged around the insertion axis when the cartridge needle slider is in the first position.
9. The assembly according to claim 8, wherein the cartridge needle holder is moved out of the coaxial arrangement with respect to the cartridge needle slider when the needle axis is not parallel to the insertion axis when the cartridge needle slider is moved into the second position thereby generating needle penetration forces perpendicular to the insertion axis and deforming the compliant coupling.
10. The assembly according to claim 9, wherein the cartridge needle holder is axially fixed to the cartridge needle slider while allowing movement with respect to the cartridge needle holder perpendicular to the insertion axis, or a pivoting or a rotational movement around the insertion axis against a bias or resistance of the compliant coupling, and wherein the cartridge needle slider is linearly guided by the housing by a splined engagement.
11. The assembly according to claim 10, wherein the cartridge needle is connected to the cartridge needle holder by an elastic member.
12. The assembly according to claim 11, wherein the elastic member comprises an elastic adhesive.
13. The assembly according to claim 11, wherein the driver is a spring located between the housing and the cartridge needle slider and acting on the housing and the cartridge needle slider, the spring being retained in a compressed state to provide a biasing force on the housing and the cartridge needle slider when the cartridge needle slider is held in the first position with respect to the housing by a releasable locking feature.
14. The assembly according to claim 13, wherein the compliant coupling comprises a first coupling member on the cartridge needle holder engaging a second coupling member on the cartridge needle slider in a plane parallel to the insertion axis, and wherein the first coupling member is hollow and fluidly couples the cartridge with the cartridge needle.
15. The assembly according to claim 14, wherein the cartridge needle is a hollow needle with a sharpened tip, wherein the sharpened tip has a closed end or an open end.
16. The assembly according to claim 15, wherein the assembly forms a portion of an injection device, wherein the injection device is a prefilled patch injection device comprising a skin adhesive surface and a skin needle configured to move from a needle retracted position in the housing to a needle inserted position at least partially outside of the housing after the cartridge needle slider has moved from the first position to the second position.
17. An assembly for a cartridge needle insertion mechanism, comprising: a housing; a cartridge needle defining a cartridge needle axis; a cartridge closed by a septum; a cartridge needle slider linearly guidable by the housing along an insertion axis and movable by a driver from a first position in which the cartridge needle is not penetrating the septum to a second position in which the cartridge needle penetrates the septum; a cartridge needle holder holding the cartridge needle, the cartridge needle holder operatively coupled with the cartridge needle slider and movable with the cartridge needle slider along the insertion axis from the first position to the second position, wherein a compliant coupling between the cartridge needle holder and the cartridge needle slider is configured to facilitate a movement of the cartridge needle holder with respect to the cartridge needle slider when moved into the second position, thereby compensating for needle penetration forces that are oriented perpendicular to the insertion axis, wherein the compliant coupling comprises a first coupling member on the cartridge needle holder configured to engage a second coupling member on the cartridge needle slider, and wherein the movement of the cartridge needle holder with respect to the cartridge needle slider is perpendicular to the insertion axis.
18. The assembly according to claim 17, wherein the first coupling member and the second coupling member are configured to elastically engage and/or are configured to engage in a linear or rotational friction fit engagement.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0036] The subject matter of the present disclosure is explained in more detail in the following text with reference to the disclosed implementations, which are illustrated in the attached drawings, in which:
[0037] FIG. 1 illustrates an isometric view of a needle insertion and retraction module including a needle insertion and retraction mechanism, according to implementations of the present disclosure;
[0038] FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view particularly through a needle carrier;
[0039] FIG. 3 illustrates a control element which is engaged with the needle carrier;
[0040] FIG. 4 illustrates the control element disengaging the needle carrier;
[0041] FIG. 5 illustrates a first intermediate member between a spring arm and a needle carrier with the needle carrier in a needle retracted position;
[0042] FIG. 6 illustrates the parts of FIG. 5 with the needle carrier in a needle insertion position;
[0043] FIG. 7 illustrates a further view of the needle carrier in a needle insertion position;
[0044] FIG. 8 illustrates a cartridge needle carrier with a cartridge needle (e.g., spike) in a first position;
[0045] FIG. 9 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the cartridge needle carrier in a first position;
[0046] FIG. 10 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the cartridge needle carrier being released to be subsequently moved in a second position;
[0047] FIG. 11 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the cartridge needle carrier in a second position;
[0048] FIG. 12 illustrates the first intermediate member disengaged from the needle carrier;
[0049] FIG. 13 illustrates a second intermediate member between a second spring arm and the needle carrier, where the intermediate member is disengaged from the housing and engaged with the needle carrier;
[0050] FIG. 14 illustrates the needle carrier which has been moved in the retracted position;
[0051] FIG. 15 illustrates a perspective view of the needle carrier which has been moved in the retracted position;
[0052] FIG. 16 illustrates a control element in its starting position;
[0053] FIG. 17 illustrates a control element which has been moved in the needle release position;
[0054] FIG. 18 illustrates the control element which has been moved in its needle retraction position;
[0055] FIG. 19 illustrates a spring for moving the needle carrier in the needle insertion direction and in the needle retraction direction;
[0056] FIGS. 20a, 20b, and 20c illustrate a cartridge needle insertion process, with a cartridge needle axis parallel to the insertion axis and the forces in the insertion direction (N) and perpendicular to the insertion direction (Q), where the needle tip penetrates a top surface of the septum (FIG. 20a); the needle tip penetrates through the septum (FIG. 20b); and the needle fully penetrates through the septum (FIG. 20c);
[0057] FIGS. 20a′, 20b′ and 20c′ illustrate schematic diagrams of force-displacement curves for the forces along (N), and forces perpendicular (Q) to the insertion axis for the cartridge needle insertion process of corresponding FIGS. 20a, 20b, and 20c;
[0058] FIG. 20d illustrates a cross-section of the septum when the cartridge needle has been inserted with the cartridge needle axis parallel to the insertion axis;
[0059] FIGS. 21a, 21b, and 21c illustrate a cartridge needle insertion process, with the cartridge needle axis oblique to the insertion axis and the forces in the insertion direction (N) and perpendicular to the insertion direction (Q), where the needle tip penetrates a top surface of the septum (FIG. 21a); the needle tip penetrates through the septum (FIG. 21b); and the needle fully penetrates through the septum (FIG. 21c);
[0060] FIGS. 21a′, 21b′ and 21c′ illustrate schematic diagrams of force-displacement curves for the forces along (N), and forces perpendicular (Q) to the insertion axis for the cartridge needle insertion process of corresponding FIGS. 21a, 21b, and 21c;
[0061] FIG. 21d illustrates a cross-section of the septum when the cartridge needle has been inserted with the cartridge needle axis oblique to the insertion axis without a compliant coupling;
[0062] FIGS. 22a, 22b, and 22c illustrate a cartridge needle insertion with a compliant coupling mechanism and cartridge needle axis oblique to the insertion axis and the forces in the insertion direction (N) and perpendicular to the insertion direction (Q), where the needle tip penetrates a top surface of the septum (FIG. 22a); the needle tip penetrates through the septum (FIG. 22b); and the needle fully penetrates through the septum (FIG. 22c);
[0063] FIGS. 22a′, 22b′ and 22c′ illustrate schematic diagrams of force-displacement curves for the forces along (N), and forces perpendicular (Q) to the insertion axis for the cartridge needle insertion process of corresponding FIGS. 22a, 22b, and 22c;
[0064] FIG. 22d illustrates a cross-section of the septum when the cartridge needle has been inserted with the cartridge needle axis oblique to the insertion axis with a compliant coupling;
[0065] FIG. 23 illustrates a cross-section of the cartridge needle insertion mechanism with a complaint coupling mechanism when the cartridge needle holder is in the retracted (first) position;
[0066] FIG. 24 illustrates a cross-section of the cartridge needle insertion mechanism with a complaint coupling mechanism when the cartridge needle holder is in the inserted (second) position, where the needle axis coincides with the insertion axis;
[0067] FIG. 25 illustrates a cross-section of the cartridge needle insertion mechanism with a complaint coupling mechanism when the cartridge needle holder has left the retracted (first) position, where the needle axis is oblique to the insertion axis;
[0068] FIG. 26 illustrates a cross-section of the cartridge needle insertion mechanism with a complaint coupling mechanism when the cartridge needle holder is in the inserted (second) position, where the needle axis is oblique to the insertion axis;
[0069] FIG. 27 illustrates a three-dimensional view of the compliant coupling mechanism;
[0070] FIG. 28 illustrates a compliant coupling mechanism in a non-deformed state; and
[0071] FIG. 29 illustrates a compliant coupling mechanism in a deformed state.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Definitions
[0072] In the present disclosure, the terms “substance”, “drug”, “medicament” and “medication” are to be understood to include any flowable medical formulation suitable for controlled administration through means such as, for example, a cannula or a hollow needle, and includes a liquid, a solution, a gel or a fine suspension containing one or more medical active ingredients. A medicament can be a composition including a single active ingredient or a pre-mixed or co-formulated composition with more than one active ingredient present in a single container. Medication includes drugs such as peptides (e.g., insulin, insulin-containing drugs, GLP-1 containing drugs or derived or analogous preparations), proteins and hormones, active ingredients derived from, or harvested by, biological sources, active ingredients based on hormones or genes, nutritional formulations, enzymes and other substances in both solid (suspended) or liquid form but also polysaccharides, vaccines, DNA, RNA, oligonucleotides, antibodies or parts of antibodies but also appropriate basic, auxiliary and carrier substances.
[0073] The term “distal” is meant to refer to the direction or the end of the drug delivery device carrying an infusion set, an injection needle or an injection cannula, whereas the term “proximal” is meant to refer to the opposite direction or end pointing away from the needle or cannula.
[0074] The term “injection system” or “injector” refers to a device that is removed from the injection site after each medication event or drug delivery process, whereas the term “infusion system” refers to a device with a cannula or needle that remains in the skin of the patient for a prolonged period of time, for example, several hours. An “on body delivery system” where a certain volume, a “bolus” is injected, is an injection system. An “on body delivery system” where a medicament is delivered at a certain delivery rate, for example a basal rate, is an infusion system.
[0075] In the claims, the word “comprising” does not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite article “a” or “an” does not exclude a plurality. For example “a first coupling” does not exclude the fact that there may be two “first coupling members” that functionally or structurally fulfill the purpose of “a first coupling member”. The mere fact that certain elements or steps are recited in distinct claims shall not preclude the existence of further meaningful combinations of these elements or steps.
[0076] The term “penetration forces” are forces acting on the insertion needle during insertion of the needle along an insertion axis into a septum. The forces may be oriented parallel to an insertion direction defining an insertion axis for the insertion needle, or the forces, or a resultant component of the forces may be directed perpendicular to the insertion axis. The latter forces may also be called “off-axis” penetration forces. The penetration forces act on the needle or on a part directly coupled thereto, for example a needle holder, or alternatively the penetration forces act on a part indirectly coupled to the needle, for example a cartridge needle slider or a housing.
[0077] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 19 an embodiment is provided of Applicant's co-pending, commonly owned U.S. patent application having Ser. No. 17/149,347 and published as US 20210138151 A1, which provides a needle insertion and retraction module 2 including a needle insertion and retraction mechanism 3, but without a compliant coupling mechanism between a cartridge needle holder and cartridge needle slider as provided by the present disclosure. US 20210138151 A1 is incorporated herein in its entirety for any useful purpose.
[0078] As displayed in FIG. 1 the needle insertion and retraction mechanism 3 includes a housing 10 which is a multiple component housing. Particularly the housing 10 includes a first housing 11 and a second housing 12 which are connected to each other by positive fit or by firmly bonding or welding. Alternatively the first and the second housings 11, 12 are molded as a single part.
[0079] The needle insertion and retraction mechanism 3 includes a needle carrier 20 which holds a needle 25 for insertion into the skin (FIG. 2) and which is linearly guided by the housing 10, particularly by the first housing 11. The housing 10 or the first housing 11 includes a longitudinal guide (FIG. 1) which engages the needle carrier 20 such that it is movable along the longitudinal axis of the needle 25. The longitudinal guide includes at least a first longitudinal groove and a second longitudinal groove formed by the housing 11. The needle carrier 20 includes at least a first rib and a second rib wherein the first rib engages the first groove and the second rib engages the second groove. Thereby the needle carrier 20 is linearly guided to be moved along the longitudinal axis of the needle 25. The needle carrier 20 is movable between an initial position (FIG. 1) in which the needle 25 which protrudes from the needle carrier 20 in a needle insertion direction is completely encompassed by the housing, and a needle insertion position (FIGS. 6 and 7) in which the needle protrudes from an outer surface of the housing, particularly the surface which is intended to be contacted or adhered to the skin of a patient. The housing 10 may include an opening or a pierceable wall through which the needle 25 is moved when the needle carrier 20 is moved from its initial position to its needle insertion position. The longitudinal axis of the needle 25 is substantially perpendicular or normal with respect to the surface which is intended to be adhered to the skin of the patient. The needle 25 is a hollow needle through which a medication or a medicament can be injected into the patient. The housing 10, particularly the housing 12 is adapted to retain a product container 4. In the example shown, the product container 4 is a cartridge, with a pierceable septum 5 (wall) at its forward end. The medicament of the cartridge 4 can be expelled through a flexible tube 85 which is in fluid communication with the hollow needle 25 and through the needle 25 in a patient. As can be seen in FIG. 2 the needle carrier 20 includes a channel which connects an end of the flexible tube 85 and the hollow needle 25 in a fluid guiding manner. The needle 25 is fixedly retained in a bore of the needle carrier 20. One end of the flexible tube 85 is fixedly retained in a bore of the needle carrier 20.
[0080] The other end of the flexible tube 85 is fixedly retained in a bore of a needle carrier 80 (or so-called cartridge needle carrier) which connects a hollow needle 70 (or cartridge needle) in a fluid guiding manner with the flexible tube 85, by means of a channel formed by the needle carrier 80 (see, e.g., FIGS. 1 and 8 to 10). The needle 70 is fixedly retained in a bore of the needle carrier 80. One end of the flexible tube 85 is also fixedly retained in a bore of the needle carrier 80.
[0081] The needle insertion and retraction mechanism 3 further includes a first spring member 31 which is adapted to move the needle carrier 20 with respect to the housing 10 in a needle insertion direction along the longitudinal axis of the needle 25 (see, e.g., FIGS. 5 to 8). Furthermore, a second spring member 32 is provided which is adapted to retract the needle carrier 20 with respect to the housing 10 in a needle retraction direction, which is opposed to the needle insertion direction (FIG. 13). In the embodiment shown, the first spring member 31 and the second spring member 32 are integrally formed by one spring 30 (FIG. 1). However, in an alternative, spring members 31 and 32 can be separate from one another.
[0082] The first spring member 31 includes a first helical spring section 31b which operates as a torsion spring (FIG. 8). A first arm 31a protrudes from the circumference of the first helical spring section 31b. The first spring member 31 is supported on a control element 40, preferably shaped as a slider, such that the first helical spring section 31b can be strained or tensioned by pivoting the arm 31a. Furthermore, the energy stored in the first helical spring section 31b can be released such that the first arm 31a is pivoted in a direction which causes the needle carrier 20 to move in the needle insertion direction.
[0083] The second spring member 32 (FIG. 13) includes a second helical spring section 32b which operates as a torsion spring. A second arm 32a protrudes from circumference of the second helical spring section 32b. The second spring member 32 is supported on the control element 40 or slider such that the second helical spring section 32b can be strained or tensioned by pivoting the second arm 32a. Furthermore, the energy stored in the second helical spring section 32b can be released whereby the second arm 32a is pivoted.
[0084] The first helical spring section 31b and the second helical spring section 32b surround a portion of the control element 40. This portion includes a slit which retains an interconnecting section 33 of the spring 30 which interconnects the first helical spring section 31b and the second helical spring section 32b and which also provides the support section of the first spring member 31 and the second spring member 32 for tensioning the spring sections 31a and 31b. In embodiments with two separate spring members 31 and 32 each of them may include a supporting section by which the spring member 31, 32 is supported on the control element 40.
[0085] The control element 40, preferably the slider, is linearly guided via linear guide 14 with respect to the housing 10 to be moved transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the needle 25. The control element 40 can be moved from a first position or starting position (FIG. 16) to a second position or needle insertion release position (FIG. 17). The slider may be moved to a third position, a so-called needle retraction release position (FIG. 18). The control element 40 moves from the starting position to the needle retraction release position, including the positions between the starting position and the needle retraction release position, in the same direction. The spring 30 or the spring members 31, 32 are attached to the control element 40 such that they move together with the control element 40. The needle insertion and retraction mechanism 3 or module 2 provides for a drive shaft 15 which is rotatably guided by the housing 10, e.g. by virtue of a rotational bearing (FIG. 19). The drive shaft 15 is operatively connected to the control element 40. The drive shaft 15 and the control element 40 are adapted to cooperate with each other such that rotation of the drive shaft 15 in a first rotational direction causes the control element 40 to be linearly moved, namely transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the needle 25 because of the linear guide provided by the housing 10.
[0086] The drive shaft 15 includes a gear wheel 16 (FIGS. 16 to 18) which is formed by or connected to the drive shaft 15 and which engages a gear rack 41 formed by or connected to the control element 40 to form a rack-and-pinion arrangement. By rotating the drive shaft 15 or the gear wheel 16 the control element 40 is linearly moved.
[0087] The drive shaft 15 includes a coupling member 17 which is adapted to be coupled with a coupling member of a drive shaft of a drive mechanism (not shown). Thereby, rotation of the drive shaft 15 of the drive mechanism in a first direction is transmitted to the drive shaft 15 in the first direction causing the control element 40 to be moved in the first longitudinal direction. The drive shaft 15 is rotated by an active drive, either directly or via a gearing arrangement that may include a worm wheel.
[0088] The control element 40 includes a cap 42 which is connected to a main body 43 of the control element 40 (FIG. 1). The cap 42 is connected to or partially fits over the portion which is surrounded by the helical spring sections 31b, 32b. The cap 42 keeps the spring 30 or the spring members 31, 32 in position on the control element 40 or the main body 43 (FIG. 1). The control element 40 is operatively coupled to the needle carrier 20 to prevent the needle carrier 20 from being moved in the needle insertion direction when the control element 40 (or slider) is in its starting position (FIG. 3). As can be seen in FIG. 3, the control element 40 or its main body 43 includes a stop surface 44 on which a counter stop surface 21 of the needle carrier 20 rests when the control element 40 is in its starting position. The needle carrier 20 is thereby prevented from being moved in the needle insertion direction. As can be seen in FIG. 4, the stop surface 44 disengages from the counter stop surface 21 when the control element 40 is moved by the rack-and-pinion arrangement in its insertion release position such that the needle carrier 20 is free to be moved in the needle insertion direction. The first arm 31a or more generally the spring member 31 operates on the needle carrier 20 via a first intermediate member 50 (FIG. 5) to drive the needle carrier 20 from the initial position (FIG. 5) in the needle insertion direction into a needle insertion position (FIG. 6).
[0089] A first intermediate member 50 includes a counter stop surface 51 which engages a stop surface 22 of the needle carrier 20 when the control element 40 is in its starting position and/or in its insertion release position. The first spring member 31 applies a spring force on the first intermediate member 50 which in turn transmits the spring force to the needle carrier 20 as long as the first intermediate member 50 and the needle carrier 20 are in engagement. A spring powered movement of the needle carrier 20 in the needle insertion direction, when the control element 40 is in its starting position, is prevented when stop surface 44 and counter stop surface 21 are engaged (FIG. 3). As soon as the control element 40 and the needle carrier 20 are disengaged, the first spring member 31 drives the needle carrier 20 in the needle insertion direction until the needle carrier 20 abuts an axial stop 11a provided by the housing 10, particularly by the first housing 11, in the needle insertion position of the needle carrier 20. The control element 40 includes a linear guide 45 which is adapted to linearly guide the first intermediate member 50 in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the needle 25 or the needle insertion and retraction direction (FIG. 5). The linear guide 45 causes the first intermediate member 50 to be moved together with the control element 40 transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the needle from the starting position via at least the needle insertion release position to the needle retraction release position. By moving the control element 40 (or slider) from its starting position to its needle insertion release position, the first intermediate member 50 is moved with respect to the needle carrier 20 but does not yet disengage from the needle carrier 20. That is to say that the first intermediate member 50 and the needle carrier 20 remain engaged in the needle insertion release position of the control element 40.
[0090] When the control element 40 is moved further from the second slider position by activating the rack and pinion arrangement to its retraction release position (third slider position), the second spring member 32 is operatively coupled to the needle carrier 20 such that the second spring member 32 drives the needle carrier 20 in the needle retraction direction. By moving the control member 40 into the needle retraction release position, the first intermediate member 50 and the needle carrier 20, particularly the stop surface 22 and the counter stop surface 51, disengage since the first intermediate member 50 is moved together with the control element 40 transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the needle 25. The needle carrier 20 is now free to be moved in the needle retraction direction which is opposed to the needle insertion direction (FIG. 12).
[0091] For example, when the first intermediate member 50 is disengaged from the needle carrier 20, it—driven by the remainder of the spring force of the first spring member 31—abuts a stop formed by the control element 40, particularly by the end of the linear guide 45. Thereby, the remainder of the spring force of the first spring member 31 advantageously prevented from interfering with the further operation of the mechanism.
[0092] A second intermediate member 60 (FIG. 13) is provided, which is linearly guided by the control element 40 in the needle retraction direction, e.g., by a linear guide 46 provided by the control element 40. The linear guide 46 is adapted such that the second intermediate member 60 is linearly movable with respect to the control element 40 along the longitudinal axis of the needle 25 or in the needle retraction direction. Furthermore, the linear guide 46 causes the second intermediate member 60 to be moved together with the control element 40 transversely with respect to the needle retraction direction or transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the needle 25.
[0093] When the control element 40 is in its starting position (first slider position) and/or in its insertion release position (second slider position), the second intermediate member 60 it is engaged with the housing 10, particularly the housing 11, such that the second intermediate member 60 is prevented from being moved in the needle retraction direction (FIG. 13). The housing 10 includes a stop surface 11b with which the second intermediate member 60 is engaged to prevent the second intermediate member 60 from being moved in the needle retraction direction. The second spring member 32 applies a spring force on the second intermediate member 60 in the needle retraction direction. By moving the control element 40 in its retraction release position the second intermediate member 60 is disengaged from the housing 10, particularly from the stop surface 11b. Furthermore, the second intermediate member 60 or a counter stop surface 61 thereof engages with the needle carrier 20 or a stop surface 23 thereof. Thereby, the second intermediate member 60 and the needle carrier 20 are moved in the needle retraction direction driven by the second spring member 32 (FIG. 13). Thereby the needle carrier 20 is moved in its retracted position such that the needle 25 is completely retracted into the housing 10 (FIGS. 14 and 15).
[0094] To prevent the first intermediate member 50 and the second intermediate member 60 from interfering with each other, they are positioned offset from one another particularly in the direction which is transverse with respect to the longitudinal axis of the needle 25 (FIG. 19).
[0095] The first spring arm 31a rests on a convexly curved contact surface of the first intermediate member 50 as can be seen in FIG. 5. During, for instance needle insertion, the first intermediate member 50 is driven by the first spring member 31 in the needle insertion direction, the spring arm 31a, particularly its circumference surface, moves over the apex of the convexly curved contact surface, thereby the first arm 31a (or its circumference surface) particularly slides and/or rolls over the convexly curved contact surface. This arrangement reduces friction and/or reduces the risk of malfunction with respect to other arrangements.
[0096] Movement of the needle carrier 20 in the needle retraction direction is prevented at least by the remainder of the spring force of the first spring member 31 operating on the first intermediate member 50 as long as the first intermediate member 50 is engaged with the needle carrier 20 (FIG. 6).
[0097] Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, the free end of the first spring arm 31a includes an edge, for example, formed between the circumference surface and the end face of the first spring arm 31a. When the needle carrier 20 is in its needle insertion position, the edge contacts or rests on, particularly—to small or microscopically extent—grooves into, the first intermediate member 50, e.g., on an inclined surface thereof. The edge contacting or even grooving into the first intermediate member 50 increases friction between the first intermediate member 50 and the first spring arm 31a. Thereby, movement of the needle carrier 20 in the needle retraction direction is—in addition to the remainder of the spring force of the first spring member 31—made more difficult or even prevented as long as the first intermediate member 50 is engaged with the needle carrier 20. The angle between the inclined surface and the circumference surface may, for example, be smaller than the angle between the end face and the circumference surface.
[0098] The second spring arm 32a rests on a convexly curved contact surface of the second intermediate member 60 as can be seen in FIGS. 13 and 14. While the second intermediate member 60 is driven by the second spring member 32 in the needle retraction direction, the spring arm 32a moves over the apex of the convexly curved contact surface thereby the second arm 32a particularly slides and/or rolls over the convexly curved contact surface. This arrangement reduces friction and/or reduces the risk of malfunction with respect to other arrangements.
[0099] Movement of the needle carrier 20 back in the needle insertion direction is prevented at least by the remainder of the spring force of the second spring member 32 operating on the second intermediate member 60 as long as the second intermediate member 60 is engaged with the needle carrier 20 (FIG. 14).
[0100] Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 14, the free end of the second spring arm 32a includes an edge, for example, formed between the circumferential surface and the end face of the second spring arm 32a. When the needle carrier 20 is in its needle retraction position, the edge contacts or rests on, particularly—to small or microscopically extent—grooves into, the second intermediate member 60, e.g., on an inclined surface thereof. The edge contacting or even grooving into the second intermediate member 60 increases friction between the second intermediate member 60 and the second spring arm 32a. Thereby, movement of the needle carrier 20 back in the needle insertion direction is—in addition to the remainder of the spring force of the second spring member 32—made more difficult or even prevented as long as the second intermediate member 60 is engaged with the needle carrier 20. The angle between the inclined surface and the circumference surface may, for example, be smaller than the angle between the end face and the circumference surface.
[0101] The needle carrier 80 holds a hollow needle 70 which may be also called a cartridge needle, which protrudes from the needle carrier 80 towards a receptacle for the product container (cartridge holder) or to a pierceable wall or septum 5 of the cartridge 4 (FIGS. 8 to 11). In FIGS. 9 and 10 the needle carrier 80 is in a first position in which the needle 70 does not pierce the septum 5 of the product container 4. The needle carrier 80 is linearly guided, e.g., by a linear guide provided by the housing 10, preferably by the housing 11, such that the needle carrier 80 can be moved linearly from a first position to a second position together with the needle 70. The movement from the first to the second position is along an insertion axis. By moving the needle carrier 80 from the first position to the second position the needle 70 pierces the septum 5 of the product container 4 such that the needle 70 establishes a fluid communication between the medication inside the product container 4 and the needle 25. A spring 90 is provided, which may operates on the needle carrier 80 as a driver to drive the needle carrier 80 from the first position to the second position. In the first position of the needle carrier 80 the spring 90 is in a pre-tensioned condition. A variety of spring designs may be conceivable, whereby a conical helical spring 90 is preferred. One end of the spring 90 is supported on the needle carrier 80 and the other end of the spring 90 is supported on the housing 10, particularly the housing 11.
[0102] The control element 40 is engaged with the needle carrier 80, when the control element 40 is in its starting position. Thereby, the needle carrier 80 is retained in its first position and the spring 90 is prevented from expanding. Particularly, the control element 40 includes a retaining surface 47 which engages a counter surface 81 to prevent the needle carrier 80 from being moved from the first position to the second position. By moving the control element 40 (or slider) from its starting position in the first direction, e.g., the direction to the injection release position, the control element 40 is disengaged from the needle carrier 80, particularly the retaining surface 47 disengages from the counter surface 81 such that the needle carrier 80 is free to be moved from the first position to the second position (FIG. 10). The spring 90 expands and thereby drives the needle carrier 80 from the first position into the second position (FIG. 11). The needle insertion and retraction mechanism 3 can be adapted such that the needle carrier 80 is released before, after or at the same time the needle carrier 20 is released to be moved in the needle insertion direction.
[0103] The needle carrier 80 includes a main body which holds the needle 70 (or cartridge needle) and which is linearly guided by the housing 10. The cartridge needle may be a hollow steel needle or made from a suitable plastic material. A hollow steel needle may be affixed, e.g., glued or otherwise adhered, into the needle carrier 80. The needle carrier 80 includes a protrusion which protrudes from the main body opposite to the direction in which the needle 70 protrudes. The protrusion extends through the (conical) helical spring 90, through a section of the housing 10. The section of the housing 10 can be arranged between the section of the control element 40 which includes the retaining surface 47, and the needle carrier 80. The protrusion includes the counter surface 81.
[0104] FIGS. 20a-20d show a cartridge needle insertion process with the cartridge needle axis 53 parallel to the insertion axis 52 using a cartridge needle insertion mechanism and corresponding schematic diagrams 20a′-20c′ showing force-displacement curves, according to the embodiments disclosed in FIGS. 1 to 19. FIGS. 21a-21d show a cartridge needle insertion process with the cartridge needle axis 53 oblique to the insertion axis 52 with the cartridge needle insertion mechanism and corresponding schematic diagrams 21a′-21c′ showing force-displacement curves according to the embodiments disclosed in FIGS. 1 to 19.
[0105] FIGS. 22a-22d show a cartridge needle insertion process with the cartridge needle axis 53 oblique to the insertion axis 52 with a cartridge needle insertion mechanism having a compliant coupling between a cartridge needle holder and a cartridge needle slider and corresponding schematic diagrams 22a′-22c′ showing force-displacement curves according to the embodiments that will be presented in FIGS. 23 to 29 and according to implementations of the present disclosure. The force-displacement curves for the forces along (N), and forces perpendicular (Q) to the insertion axis 52 are presented in the schematic diagrams 20a′-20c′, 21a′-21c′, 22a′-22c′ next to each of FIGS. 20a-20c, 21a-21c, and 22a-22c.
[0106] When the needle 70 or cartridge needle is inserted with its needle axis 53 being equal to the insertion axis 52, then there are no perpendicular forces Q acting on the needle 70, as reflected in the schematic diagrams of FIGS. 20a-20c, and the penetration hole in the septum approximately equals the cross-section of the cartridge needle, see FIG. 20d. The forces N acting along the insertion axis initially rise (FIG. 20a) as the tip of the needle penetrates the surface of the septum 5, and the force N reaches a maximum value once the tip fully penetrates through the septum (FIG. 20b). The frictional forces between the outside surface of the needle 70 and the inside surface of the elastically deformed penetration hole ensures that a constant normal force N needs to be supplied by the insertion mechanism (FIG. 20c).
[0107] When a needle 70 is inserted with its needle axis 53 being at an angle to the insertion axis 52, then perpendicular forces Q will act on the needle 70, FIGS. 21a-21c, and the penetration hole in the septum is larger compared to the ideal situation described previously where the needle axis is perpendicular to the septum (compare FIGS. 20d and 21d). The cross-sectional area of the passage in the septum 5 is enlarged as the angulated (and sharp) needle tip cuts through the septum (FIG. 21d). The force profile for the penetration forces N along the insertion axis is more or less equal to the profile for a parallel insertion, e.g., compare the force profiles N in FIGS. 20c and 21c. For the off-axis insertion, needle penetration forces perpendicular the insertion axis will occur and those are schematically represented by a non-linear curve rising to a maximum value once the needle has fully penetrated through the septum (FIG. 21c).
[0108] In the situation where the needle penetration forces Q oriented perpendicular to the insertion axis are compensated for, then the off-axis penetration forces are reduced (FIG. 22c). The needle penetration forces Q are reduced but not completely eliminated as the off-axis insertion angle is not eliminated since the insertion mechanism is not an alignment mechanism. The flexibility in the insertion mechanism including the compliant coupling may ensure that cartridge needle tip is not pushed through the septum (thereby cutting a larger hole as in FIG. 21d), but, nicely cuts through the septum as the center of the cartridge needle holder is moved with respect to the cartridge needle slider thereby minimizing the hole in the septum and thereby minimizing the leakage risk.
[0109] An embodiment for a needle insertion mechanism with a compliant coupling will be presented in the following FIGS. 23 to FIG. 29. The cartridge needle carrier 80 in the previous embodiment (FIG. 10) has been split into two separate parts, a cartridge needle holder 83 and a cartridge needle slider 82. The cartridge needle holder 83 may hold the proximal section of the needle 70 opposite from the needle or spike tip. The cartridge needle slider 82 may be engaged with the housing 10, 11 using a linear guide. The linear guide may be oriented parallel to the insertion axis 52, such as parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cartridge. The housing may include a linear guide or groove 18 engaging a linear protrusion on the cartridge needle slider 82. The groove-protrusion combination may be reversed as well, and there may be a plurality of linear guides for guiding the cartridge needle slider 82 along the insertion axis 52. The cartridge needle holder 83 may include a bore for receiving the proximal section of the needle and the needle may be fixed inside the bore using a press-fit connection, adhesive, barbed hooks extending from the needle or the plastic material for the cartridge needle holder maybe be injection molded around the cartridge needle 70. In case an adhesive is used this may be a flexible adhesive (after curing) which may provide an extra dampening effect during insertion through the septum 5 into the cartridge 4. The bore in the cartridge needle holder 83 may be directly or indirectly connected to the flexible tube 85 of the fluid conduit. The section of the cartridge needle holder 83 that is opposite to the bore may be closed and may include a stop surface 83f abutting a counter stop surface 82c on the cartridge needle slider 82. The spring 90 may be compressed between the housing 11 and the cartridge needle slider 82 as the counter surface 81 of the cartridge needle slider 82 engages the retaining surface 47 of the slider 40 to keep the cartridge needle 70 in the retracted position (FIG. 23). When the slider 40 is moved by rotation of the cam shaft 15 activating the rack-and-pinion of the gear wheel 16 and gear rack 41 (FIGS. 16 and 17), then the engagement of the retaining surface 47 and counter surface 81 between the slider 40 and the cartridge needle slider 83 may be released and spring 90 decompressed. The spring 90 may push on the cartridge needle slider 83 and due to the abutment 82c, 83f, the cartridge needle holder 83 may be forced to be moved together with the cartridge needle slider 82 towards the cartridge 4 or cartridge holder 6 while the cartridge needle slider 82 may be guided by the linear guide 18. The abutment 82c, 83f ensures that needle penetration forces N, along the insertion axis are absorbed as the needle penetrates the septum. The tip of the cartridge needle 70 may pass through a passage 10a of the housing 10 and penetrate through the septum 5 that is held onto the cartridge 4 by a crimp 5a. In FIGS. 23 and 24, the axis for the needle 53 is parallel to the insertion axis 52 whereas an off-axis insertion is shown in FIGS. 25 and 26 where the needle axis 53 has an inclined angle with respect to the insertion axis 52. Details for the compliant coupling between the cartridge needle slider 82 and the cartridge needle holder 83 are shown in FIGS. 27 to 29.
[0110] The cartridge needle holder 83 may include a plurality of, e.g., four, first coupling members (coupling parts, couplers) 83a, 83b shaped as protrusions that radially extend outwards from the cartridge needle axis. A portion of the, e.g., three, first coupling members 83a may include a flexible arm 83c, whereas one of the other, e.g. the fourth, first coupling members 83b may be a rigid arm 83d and may include a passage 83e for connection to the tubing 85 of the fluid path. The passage 83e may connect the proximal end of the cartridge needle 70 to the tubing 85. Each of the plurality of, e.g. all four, of the first coupling members 83a, 83b of the cartridge needle holder 83 may engage one of a plurality of, e.g. one of four, second coupling members (coupling parts, couplers) 82a, 82b on the cartridge needle slider 82. Where four first coupling members are provided by the cartridge needle holder 83, three of the four second coupling members 82a of the cartridge needle slider 82 may be configured to receive the first coupling members 83a including the flexible arm 83c of the cartridge needle holder 83, whereas one of the four second coupling members 82b of the cartridge needle slider 82 may engage the rigid first coupling member 83b including the passage 83e of the cartridge needle holder 83. The three second coupling members 82a of the cartridge needle slider 82 may be shaped as a longitudinal recess or pocket. All four second coupling members of the cartridge needle slider 82 may be configured to be rigid or semi-rigid when engaging the four first coupling members of the cartridge needle holder 83. The engagement between the first coupling members 83a including the flexible arm 83c and the rigid walls in the recess or pocket of the second coupling members 82a may be such that there may be a frictional engagement when the coupling members move or slide with respect to each other. Optionally, the flexible arms 83c may bend when engaging the second coupling members 82a. The frictional and/or elastic forces required may be used to compensate for needle penetration forces as the cartridge needle slider 82 moves from the first (not inserted) to the second (inserted) position. The rigid first coupling member 83b including the passage 83e may be configured such that there may be relative rotation or tilting with respect to the rigid second coupling member 82b without any elastic deformation. The rigid second coupling member 82b may be shaped as a cutout in the cartridge needle slider 82. The first coupling members 83a of the cartridge needle holder 83 may be shaped as wings or blades that radially extend outwards and may engage complementary pockets of the second coupling members 82a of the cartridge needle slider 82. The wings or blades of the first coupling members 83a may be oriented parallel to the insertion axis, optionally, one or all of the three first coupling members 83a may be tilted with respect to the insertion axis. The surfaces of the first and second coupling surfaces 83a, 82a may be textured, roughened or sand blasted to fine-tune the frictional engagement. Alternatively, a lubricant, for example a silicone oil, may be used to reduce friction. The first and second coupling members 83a, 82a may be made from a polymeric material that may be friction optimized by adding a friction agent such as silicone oil, Teflon, fluoro(co)polymers or an olefinic wax. The cartridge needle holder 83 may be snap-fitted into the cartridge needle slider 82 using hooks, catches or flexible arms on the cartridge needle slider and/or the cartridge needle holder. The snap-fit connection may improve handling during assembly and may reduce the play between the stop surface 83f and the counter stop surface 82c. Optionally, the cartridge needle 70 may be adhesively and/or flexibly connected to the cartridge needle holder 83 using a flexible connector 70a such as a flexible adhesive or other flexible bonding material. FIG. 28 illustrates the compliant coupling arrangement between the cartridge needle holder 83 and the cartridge needle slider 82 in the non-deformed state, where the cartridge needle 70 inserts parallel to the insertion axis. For an off-axis insertion, the compliant coupling is shown in the deformed state in FIG. 29.
[0111] Variations of the embodiments presented in FIGS. 23 to 29 can be envisioned without deviating from the present disclosure. For example, the number of first and second coupling members forming pairs of coupling members may be provided, for example two, three or five pairs can be envisioned. Also the number of rigid and flexible coupling members may be varied. It may be that the cartridge needle slider includes two separate cartridge needles and the cartridge needle may be a pencil tip needle.
[0112] While the implementations of the present disclosure have been described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, such description is to be considered illustrative or exemplary and not restrictive. Variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art and practicing the claimed invention, from a study of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims.
TABLE-US-00001 LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS 2 insertion and retraction module 3 insertion and retraction mechanism 4 product container, cartridge 5 septum (pierceable wall) 5a crimp 6 cartridge holder 10 housing 10a passage 11 first housing 11a axial stop 11b stop surface 12 second housing 14 linear guide 15 drive shaft, cam-shaft 16 gear wheel/pinion 17 coupling member 18 linear guide/groove 20 needle carrier, needle holder 21 counter stop surface 22 stop surface 23 stop surface 25 needle, skin insertion needle 30 spring/lever spring 31 first spring member 31a first spring arm 31b first helical spring section 32 second spring member 32a second spring arm 32b second helical spring section 33 interconnecting section 40 control element/slider 41 gear rack/rack 42 cap 43 main body 44 (first) stop surface 45 linear guide 46 linear guide 47 retaining surface 50 first intermediate member 51 counter stop surface 52 Insertion axis 53 Cartridge needle axis 60 second intermediate member 61 counter stop surface 70 hollow needle, cartridge needle 70a flexible connector 80 needle carrier, cartridge needle carrier 81 counter surface 82 cartridge needle slider 82a second coupling member, coupling part or coupler 82b second coupling member, coupling part or coupler 82c counter stop surface 83 cartridge needle holder 83a first coupling member, coupling part or coupler 83b first coupling member, coupling part or coupler 83c flexible arm 83d rigid arm 83e passage 83f stop surface 85 flexible tube 90 spring
