BORON-FREE IMPREGNATING SOLUTION FOR A WICK AND BORON-FREE WICK

Abstract

The invention relates to a boron-free impregnating solution for a wick, a boron-free wick, and a candle comprising a wick according to the invention. The invention further relates to a method for impregnating a wick with an impregnating solution according to the invention.

Claims

1. A boron-free wick, comprising a) a wick material, the wick material being selected from cotton, rayon staple, cellulose fibers, paper yarn, linen yarn, and/or combinations thereof; b) at least one first flame retardant; and c) at least one first additive, the first additive being selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer, or combinations thereof, wherein the proportion of the first additive is 0.001 to 4.0 weight % relative to the total amount of the wick.

2. The boron-free wick according to claim 1, wherein the at least one first additive is ammonium nitrate or cerium nitrate, preferably cerium nitrate; and/or wherein the at least one first additive is an organic polymer; and/or wherein the proportion of the first additive is 0.01 to 4.0 weight %, and preferably 0.1 to 2.5 weight %, relative to the total amount of the wick.

3. The boron-free wick according to claim 1, comprising a second additive, wherein the second additive is an inorganic nitrate, and the second additive is preferably selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate or cerium nitrate, wherein the second additive is different from the first additive; and/or wherein the second additive is ammonium nitrate, wherein the second additive is different from the first additive.

4. The boron-free wick according to claim 1, wherein the boron-free wick comprises an inorganic sulfate, preferably an inorganic sulfate selected from the group consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and calcium sulfate; or wherein the boron-free wick comprises an inorganic sulfate, preferably an inorganic sulfate selected from the group consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and calcium sulfate; wherein the proportion of inorganic sulfate is from 0.001 to 10 weight %, preferably 0.01 to 5 weight %, and more preferably 0.1 to 2.5 weight % relative to the total amount of the wick.

5. The boron-free wick according to claim 1, wherein the at least one flame retardant is a phosphorous, inorganic substance, preferably polyphosphoric acid and/or polyphosphate, more preferably ammonium polyphosphate.

6. A candle comprising a wick according to claim 1.

7. The candle according to claim 6, wherein the candle is made of paraffin, stearin of animal and/or vegetable origin, beeswax, palm wax, soy wax, fats of animal or vegetable origin, and/or combinations thereof.

8. A method for impregnating a wick with a boron-free impregnating solution for a wick, wherein the impregnating solution comprises, a solvent, at least one first flame retardant; and at least one first additive, the first additive being selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer, or combinations thereof, comprising the steps a) passing the wick through the impregnating solution at a speed of at least 100 m/min, preferably 140 m/min, and more preferably 180 m/min, wherein the dwell time of the wick in the impregnating solution is at least 0.5 seconds or more, preferably 0.7 seconds or more, and more preferably 0.8 seconds or more; b) winding up the impregnated wick onto a drying device.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the relative humidity in step b) is between 5 and 25%, preferably 10 and 20%, and more preferably 10 and 15%.

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the at least one first additive of the boron free impregnating solution is ammonium nitrate or cerium nitrate, preferably cerium nitrate; and/or wherein the at least one first additive of the boron free impregnating solution is an organic polymer; and/or wherein the solvent of the boron free impregnating solution is water.

11. The method according to claim 8, wherein the boron free impregnating solution comprises a second additive, wherein the second additive of the boron free impregnating solution is an inorganic nitrate, and the second additive is preferably selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate or cerium nitrate, wherein the second additive is different from the first additive; and/or wherein the second additive of the boron free impregnating solution is ammonium nitrate, wherein the second additive is different from the first additive.

12. The method according to claim 8, wherein the boron free impregnating solution comprises an inorganic sulfate, preferably an inorganic sulfate selected from the group consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and calcium sulfate; or wherein the boron free impregnating solution comprises an inorganic sulfate, preferably an inorganic sulfate selected from the group consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and calcium sulfate, wherein the proportion of inorganic sulfate is from 0.1 to 20 weight %, preferably 0.3 to 9 weight %, and more preferably 0.4 to 4.0 weight % relative to the total amount of impregnating solution.

13. The method according to claim 8, wherein the at least one flame retardant of the boron free impregnating solution is a phosphorous, inorganic substance, preferably polyphosphoric acid and/or polyphosphate, more preferably ammonium polyphosphate; and/or wherein the proportion of the first additive of the boron free impregnating solution is from 0.1 to 10 weight %, preferably 0.1 to 4.0 weight %, and more preferably 0.2 to 3.6 weight % relative to the total amount of impregnating solution.

Description

EMBODIMENT EXAMPLES

Materials

[0133] Ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate were purchased from the company VWR (Germany).

[0134] Cerium nitrate was purchased from the company Thermofisher (Belgium).

[0135] Exolit AP420 and Exolit 855 were purchased from the company Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) GmbH.

[0136] BYK-154 was purchased from the company Krahn Chemie Deutschland GmbH.

[0137] EUCAM-Textil was purchased from the company Endotherm Brandschutz (Saarbrucken, Germany).

Test Procedure

[0138] Eight impregnating solutions according to the invention were produced, having the compositions shown in Table 1. All impregnating solutions are aqueous solutions.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Boron-free impregnating solutions for wicks Substances 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Water 250.0 g  250.0 g  250.0 g  250.0 g  250.0 g  250.0 g  250.0 g 250.0 g  250.0 g Exolit AP420  2.0 g 2.0 g 2.0 g  2.0 g 2.0 g 2.0 g — — — Ammonium 10.0 g 7.0 g 1.5 g 10.0 g 10.0 g  10.0 g  — — — nitrate Ammonium 10.0 g 7.0 g 1.5 g  5.0 g 5.0 g 7.5 g — — — sulfate Cerium nitrate  2.0 g 1.0 g 0.5 g 10.0 g 1.3 g 1.0 g — 4.1 g — EUCAM-Textil — — — — — — 150.0 g 312.5 g  — BYK-154 — — — — — —  2.0 g 4.1 g — MgSCU * 7 H.sub.2O — — — — — —  2.0 g 4.1 g — Exolit 855 — — — — — — — —  20.0 g

[0139] The wick material was dipped in the impregnating solution according to the invention for approximately 1 second and then wiped off manually. The wicks were then dried overnight while hanging at room climate conditions.

[0140] Wick wax was heated to 90° C. and stirred once said wax was fully melted. The wicks were immersed for approximately 2 seconds, until no more air bubbles arose. Excess wax was wiped off manually.

[0141] The wicks obtained were then inserted into candle blanks and cut off straight with protrusion.

[0142] The wick prepared with an impregnating solution according to example 1 was inserted into a tea light candle blank made of paraffin and a tea light candle blank made of a mixture of paraffin and palm wax.

[0143] The wick prepared with an impregnating solution according to example 2 was inserted into a tea light candle blank made of paraffin.

[0144] The wick prepared with an impregnating solution according to example 3 and made of an unbleached wick yarn was inserted into a tea light candle blank made of paraffin.

[0145] The wick prepared with an impregnating solution according to example 4 was inserted into a fragrance candle blank made of paraffin and having 10% fragrance content.

[0146] The wick prepared with an impregnating solution according to example 5 was inserted into a pillar candle blank made of paraffin.

[0147] The wick prepared with an impregnating solution according to example 6 was inserted into a pillar candle blank made of paraffin and a taper candle blank made of paraffin.

[0148] The wick prepared with an impregnating solution according to example 7 was inserted into a pillar candle blank made of stearin.

[0149] The wick prepared with an impregnating solution according to example 8 was inserted into a pillar candle blank made of stearin and a pillar candle blank having a mixture of stearin and palm wax.

[0150] The wick prepared with an impregnating solution according to example 9 was inserted into a candle in glass made of a mixture of various natural waxes.

[0151] Burning tests were performed on all wicks impregnated with impregnating solutions according to the invention according to examples 1 through 9.

[0152] For the burning tests, the ambient temperature was at least 15° C. and there was no air draft.

[0153] The burning behavior and curvature of the wick were checked 1 h after igniting.

[0154] The burning behavior of all wicks was good and met the requirements of RAL-GZ 041. The wicks stood up straight out of the wax and had a curvature between 45° and 90°.