DEVICE FOR CLEANING AND COOLING A WORKPIECE UPON WIRE-ARC ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING (WAAM)

Abstract

A device for wire-arc additive manufacturing, including a welding torch configured to generate an arc for generating a weld pool on a surface of a workpiece, and a wire feeder configured to feed a wire towards the weld pool to generate a weld seam on said surface. According to the present invention, the device comprises a nozzle (6) configured to discharge CO.sub.2 snow onto a surface of a workpiece for cleaning the surface before generating said weld seam on said surface, wherein the nozzle is rigidly connected to the welding torch.

Claims

1-16. (canceled)

17. A device for wire-arc additive manufacturing, comprising: a welding torch configured to generate an arc for generating a weld pool on a surface of a workpiece, and a wire feeder configured to feed a wire towards the weld pool to generate a weld seam on said surface, wherein the device comprises a nozzle configured to discharge CO.sub.2 snow onto a surface of the workpiece for cleaning the surface before generating a weld seam on said surface, wherein the nozzle is rigidly connected to the welding torch.

18. The device according to claim 17, wherein the welding torch is connected via a mechanical connecting structure to the nozzle such that the welding torch is moveable along the workpiece together with the nozzle.

19. The device according to claim 17, wherein the nozzle is further configured to discharge a cooling gas onto said workpiece to cool the workpiece.

20. The device according to claim 17, wherein the nozzle is connected via a first valve to a first container for storing liquid CO.sub.2.

21. The device according to claim 19, wherein the nozzle is connected via a second valve to a second container for storing said cooling gas.

22. The device according to claim 19, wherein the cooling gas is one of or comprises one of: CO2; helium; a mixture comprising nitrogen and hydrogen; a mixture comprising argon and hydrogen; nitrogen; argon; a mixture comprising helium and argon, wherein this mixture optionally comprises 5 Vol.-% to 10 Vol.-% hydrogen; a mixture comprising helium and nitrogen, wherein this mixture optionally comprises 5 Vol.-% to 10 Vol.-% hydrogen.

23. The device according to claim 17, wherein the nozzle is further configured to discharge a cooling gas onto said workpiece to cool the workpiece, wherein the nozzle is connected via a first valve to a first container for storing liquid CO.sub.2, wherein the device comprises a switching unit configured to control the first and the second valve such that when the first valve is open to discharge CO.sub.2 snow via the nozzle, the second valve is closed, and such that when the second valve is open to discharge said cooling gas via the nozzle, the first valve is closed.

24. The device according to claim 17, wherein the nozzle extends along an axis that is tilted with respect to the vertical by an angle that lies in the range from 10° to 80°, particularly in the range from 30° to 60°.

25. The device according to claim 17, wherein the welding torch comprises a shield gas nozzle for discharging a shield gas.

26. The device according to claim 25, wherein the shield gas nozzle is spaced apart from the nozzle by a distance that lies in the range from 10 mm to 300 mm, particularly in the range from 30 mm to 70 mm.

27. A method for wire-arc added manufacturing using a device according to claim 17, wherein a surface of a weld seam formed on a workpiece is cleaned by discharging CO.sub.2 snow via the nozzle onto the surface of the weld seam, or wherein the weld seam is cooled by discharging a cooling gas via the nozzle onto the surface of the weld seam, and wherein a further weld seam is formed on the said surface of the weld seam using the weld torch and wire fed by the wire feeder.

28. The method according to claim 27, wherein the nozzle is moved along a weld seam together with the welding torch upon discharging CO.sub.2 snow or said cooling gas onto the weld seam.

29. The method according to claim 27, wherein upon one of: forming a weld seam with the welding torch on top of a previously formed weld seam, cleaning a previously formed weld seam cooling a previously formed weld seam, the welding torch and the nozzle are moved together in a movement direction along the previously formed weld seam with the nozzle ahead in the movement direction or with the welding torch ahead of the nozzle in the movement direction.

30. The method according to claim 27, wherein a plurality of weld seams is formed one after the other on top of each other.

31. The method according to claim 27, wherein upon welding of a weld seam a region of the workpiece is cleaned by discharging CO.sub.2 snow on said region or cooled by discharging said cooling gas on said region, wherein said region is ahead or behind a current end of this weld seam with respect to the movement direction.

32. The method according to claim 30, wherein after forming of each weld seam of said plurality of weld seams, the respective weld seam is cleaned by discharging CO.sub.2 snow through the nozzle on the weld seam or cooled by discharging the cooling gas through the nozzle, or wherein multiple weld seams of said plurality of weld seams are formed on top of one another before a last weld seam of said multiple weld seams is cleaned by discharging CO.sub.2 snow through the nozzle on the last weld seam or cooled by discharging said cooling gas through the nozzle on the last weld seam.

Description

[0045] In the following, embodiments, further features, and advantages of the present invention shall be described with reference to the FIGURE, wherein

[0046] FIG. 1 shows a schematical illustration of an embodiment of a device according to the present invention.

[0047] FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a device 1 according to the present invention that can be used to clean and cool a workpiece 2 upon wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM).

[0048] According to FIG. 1 the device 1 comprises a welding torch 3 configured to generate an arc 30 for generating a weld pool 31 on a surface 2a of a workpiece 2 to be formed, and a wire feeder 4 that can be connected to the welding torch 3 and that is configured to feed a metallic wire 5 towards the weld pool 31 to generate a weld seam 20 on said surface 2a. Particularly, the wire feeder 4 can also be a part of the welding torch. Such wire feeders 4 are e.g. used in gas metal arc welding (e.g. metal inert gas welding or metal active gas welding).

[0049] The welding torch 3 and wire feeder 4 can thus be used to form the workpiece 2 by stacking weld seams 20 on top of one another as shown in FIG. 1.

[0050] In order to clean and cool the current surface 2a of the workpiece 2 before laying a further weld seam 20 on top of the current weld seam 20, the device 1 comprises a nozzle 6 that is rigidly connected to the welding torch 3, e.g. through a mechanical connecting structure 7. Thus, the nozzle 6 can be moved in the movement direction M together with the welding torch 3 ahead of the welding torch 3 to clean or cool the current surface 2a of the workpiece 2. However, alternatively, the nozzle 6 can also be arranged behind the welding torch in FIG. 1. Here, the nozzle 6 would follow the welding torch 3 in the movement direction M and may clean or cool a portion of a weld seam just formed by the welding torch or formed by the welding torch 3 in a previous cycle.

[0051] Particularly, the nozzle 6 extends along an axis z′ that is tilted by an angle A with respect to a vertical z that is particularly orthogonal to the surface of the workpiece 2/top most weld seam 20. In FIG. 1 the nozzle 6 is tilted in a direction that is opposite the movement direction M. Further, the angle A can be in the range from e.g. 0° to 80°, 10° to 80°, or 30° to 60° Further, the nozzle 6 is preferably spaced apart by a distance D from a shield gas nozzle 32 of the welding torch 3 that can e.g. lie in the range from 10 mm to 300 mm, particularly 30 mm to 70 mm. The distance D can be variable, e.g. by adjusting the connecting structure 7 accordingly. Particularly, before laying the next weld seam 20, the surface 2a can be cooled by means of discharging CO.sub.2 snow onto the surface 2a in a first run and can thereafter be further cooled down by discharging a cooling gas G onto the surface 2a of the workpiece 2 in a second run. Particularly, the cooling gas G can be one of the mediums stated above.

[0052] Thus, according to the present invention, the same nozzle 6 is advantageously used for cleaning and for cooling the respective surface 2a of the current weld seam 20, which reduces complexity of the design of the device 1.

[0053] For this, the nozzle 6 is preferably connected via a first valve 8 to a first container 10 for storing liquid CO.sub.2, and via a second valve 9 to a second container 11 for storing said cooling gas G. Particularly, for generating the CO.sub.2 snow, liquid CO.sub.2 is fed into the nozzle 6 and ejected out of the nozzle 6 using e.g. compressed air.

[0054] In order to operate the valves 8, 9 in an alternating manner, the device 1 can comprise a switching unit 12 configured to control the first and the second valve 8, 9 such that when the first valve 8 is open to discharge CO.sub.2 snow via the nozzle 6, the second valve 9 is closed, and such that when the second valve 9 is open to discharge said cooling gas G via the nozzle 6, the first valve 8 is closed.

[0055] Furthermore, cleaning or cooling of a weld seam does not necessarily have to be performed after forming of each weld seam 20. According to an embodiment, a couple of weld seams 20 can be formed on top of one another before the workpiece 2 (e.g. the top most weld seam 20) is cleaned by moving along this weld seam 20 with the nozzle 6 and ejecting CO.sub.2 snow thereon through the nozzle 6 or cooled by moving along the weld seam 20 with the nozzle 6 and ejecting the cooling gas G thereon through the nozzle 6.

[0056] Due to the fact that the nozzle 6 is connected to the welding torch 3 via the connecting structure 7, the nozzle 6 moves ahead in the movement direction M of the welding torch 3 when a weld seam 20 is formed on the workpiece 2 using the welding torch 3 and wire 5 provided by the wire feeder 4 to the weld pool 31. This allows to cleaning a region 20b of the workpiece 2 ahead of an end 20a of the currently formed weld seam 20 with CO.sub.2 snow discharged through the nozzle 6 or to cooling a region 20b of the workpiece 2 ahead of the end 20a of the currently formed weld seam 20 with cooling gas G discharged through the nozzle 6 while forming the weld seam 20 at the same time. As already described above, the nozzle 6 can also behind the welding torch 3 with respect to the movement direction (not shown in FIG. 1). Particularly, for cleaning the workpiece it is preferred to have the nozzle behind the welding torch 3 which may help to remove the hot residues. In case the nozzle 6 is used for cooling, it is preferred to have the nozzle ahead of the welding torch 3 as shown in FIG. 1.

[0057] However, cleaning with CO.sub.2 snow and cooling with the cooling gas G through the nozzle 6 can be performed in separate cycles, respectively, wherein no welding of a weld same 20 is conducted in the respective cleaning or cooling cycle.