SOLDER ALLOY, SOLDER POWDER, AND SOLDER JOINT

Abstract

A solder alloy which suppresses the change in a solder paste over time, exhibits excellent wettability, decreases the temperature difference between the liquidus-line temperature and the solidus temperature, and exhibits high mechanical properties, as well as a solder powder and a solder joint are provided. The solder alloy has an alloy constitution composed of: 10 ppm by mass or more and less than 25 ppm by mass of As; at least one selected from the group consisting of 0 ppm by mass to 25000 ppm by mass of Bi and 0 ppm by mass to 8000 ppm by mass of Pb; and a remaining amount of Sn; and satisfies both the formula (1) and the formula (2),

300≤3As+Bi+Pb  (1)

0<2.3×10.sup.−4×Bi+8.2×10.sup.−4×Pb≤7  (2) in the formula (1) and the formula (2), As, Bi, and Pb each represents an amount thereof (ppm by mass) in the alloy constitution.

Claims

1. A solder alloy having an alloy constitution comprising: 10 ppm by mass or more and less than 25 ppm by mass of As; at least one selected from the group consisting of 0 ppm by mass to 25000 ppm by mass of Bi and 0 ppm by mass to 8000 ppm by mass of Pb; and a remaining amount of Sn, wherein both a formula (1) and a formula (2) are satisfied:
300≤3As+Bi+Pb  (1)
0<2.3×10.sup.−4×Bi+8.2×10.sup.−4×Pb≤7  (2) in the formula (1) and the formula (2), As, Bi, and Pb each represents an amount thereof (ppm by mass) in the alloy constitution.

2. A solder alloy having an alloy constitution comprising: 10 ppm by mass or more and less than 25 ppm by mass of As; at least one selected from the group consisting of more than 0 ppm by mass and no more than 25000 ppm by mass of Bi and more than 0 ppm by mass and no more than 8000 ppm by mass of Pb; and a remaining amount of Sn, wherein both a formula (1) and a formula (2) are satisfied:
300≤3As+Bi+Pb  (1)
0<2.3×10.sup.−4×Bi+8.2×10.sup.−4×Pb≤7  (2) in the formula (1) and the formula (2), As, Bi, and Pb each represents an amount thereof (ppm by mass) in the alloy constitution.

3. A solder alloy having an alloy constitution comprising: 10 ppm by mass or more and less than 25 ppm by mass of As; at least one selected from the group consisting of 50 ppm by mass to 25000 ppm by mass of Bi and more than 0 ppm by mass and no more than 8000 ppm by mass of Pb; and a remaining amount of Sn, wherein both a formula (1) and a formula (2) are satisfied:
300≤3As+Bi+Pb  (1)
0<2.3×10.sup.−4×Bi+8.2×10.sup.−4×Pb≤7  (2) in the formula (1) and the formula (2), As, Bi, and Pb each represents an amount thereof (ppm by mass) in the alloy constitution.

4. A solder alloy having an alloy constitution comprising: 10 ppm by mass or more and less than 25 ppm by mass of As; at least one selected from the group consisting of more than 0 ppm by mass and no more than 25000 ppm by mass of Bi and 50 ppm by mass to 8000 ppm by mass of Pb; and a remaining amount of Sn, wherein both a formula (1) and a formula (2) are satisfied:
300≤3As+Bi+Pb  (1)
0<2.3×10.sup.−4×Bi+8.2×10.sup.−4×Pb≤7  (2) in the formula (1) and the formula (2), As, Bi, and Pb each represents an amount thereof (ppm by mass) in the alloy constitution.

5. A solder alloy having an alloy constitution comprising: 10 ppm by mass or more and less than 25 ppm by mass of As; at least one selected from the group consisting of 50 ppm by mass to 25000 ppm by mass of Bi and 50 ppm by mass to 8000 ppm by mass of Pb; and a remaining amount of Sn, wherein both a formula (1) and a formula (2) are satisfied:
300≤3As+Bi+Pb  (1)
0<2.3×10.sup.−4×Bi+8.2×10.sup.−4×Pb≤7  (2) in the formula (1) and the formula (2), As, Bi, and Pb each represents an amount thereof (ppm by mass) in the alloy constitution.

6. The solder alloy according to claim 1, wherein the alloy constitution further comprises 0 ppm by mass to 600 ppm by mass of Ni.

7. The solder alloy according to claim 1, wherein the alloy constitution further comprises 0 ppm by mass to 100 ppm by mass of Fe.

8. The solder alloy according to claim 1, wherein the alloy constitution further comprises 0 ppm by mass to 1200 ppm by mass of In.

9. The solder alloy according to claim 1, wherein the alloy constitution further comprises at least two selected from the group consisting of 0 ppm by mass to 600 ppm by mass of Ni, 0 ppm by mass to 100 ppm by mass of Fe, and 0 ppm by mass to 1200 ppm by mass of In, and a formula (4) is satisfied,
0≤Ni+Fe≤680  (4) in the formula (4), Ni and Fe each represents an amount thereof (ppm) in the alloy constitution.

10. The solder alloy according to claim 1, wherein the alloy constitution further comprises 0 ppm by mass to 600 ppm by mass of Ni and 0 ppm by mass to 100 ppm by mass of Fe, and both a formula (3) and a formula (4) are satisfied,
0≤Ni/Fe≤50  (3)
0≤Ni+Fe≤680  (4) in the formula (3) and the formula (4), Ni and Fe each represents an amount thereof (ppm by mass) in the alloy constitution.

11. The solder alloy according to claim 1, wherein the alloy constitution further satisfies a formula (1a),
300≤3As+Bi+Pb≤25114  (1a) in the formula (1a), As, Bi and Pb each represents an amount thereof (ppm by mass) in the alloy constitution.

12. The solder alloy according to claim 1, wherein the alloy constitution further comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of 0% by mass to 4% by mass of Ag and 0% by mass to 0.9% by mass of Cu.

13. A solder powder consisting of a solder alloy of claim 1.

14. A solder joint formed by a solder alloy of claim 1 in which no solder alloy other than the solder alloy claim 1 is contained.

Description

EXAMPLES

[0117] Although the present invention will be described with reference to the following examples, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0118] A flux prepared from 42 parts by mass of a rosin, 35 parts by mass of a glycol-based solvent, 8 parts by mass of a thixo agent, 10 parts by mass of an organic acid, 2 parts by mass of an amine, and 3 parts by mass of a halogen, and a solder powder having each alloy constitution shown in Table 1 to Table 12 and a size (particle size distribution) that satisfies symbol 4 in the classification of powder sizes (Table 2) in JIS Z 3284-1:2014 were mixed to prepare a solder paste. The mass ratio of the flux and the solder powder, flux:solder powder, was 11:89. The change in viscosity of each solder paste over time was measured. In addition, the liquidus-line temperature and the solidus temperature of the solder powder were measured. In addition, the wettability was evaluated using the solder paste immediately after preparation. The details are shown below.

[0119] Change Over Time

[0120] Each solder paste immediately after preparation was subjected to measurement of the viscosity using a viscometer manufactured by Malcom Co., Ltd., under the trade name of PCU-25 at a rotation speed of 10 rpm at 25° C. in the atmosphere for 12 hours. The case where the viscosity after 12 hours was 1.2 times or lower than that after 30 minutes passed from the preparation was evaluated as “∘” indicating that a sufficient viscosity-increase suppression effect was exhibited, whilst the case where the viscosity after 12 hours exceeded 1.2 times than that after 30 minutes passed from the preparation was evaluated as “x”.

[0121] ΔT

[0122] The solder powder before mixing with the flux was subjected to DSC measurement using DSC manufactured by SII NanoTechnology Inc., under the model number of EXSTAR DSC 7020, at a sample amount of approximately 30 mg and a temperature rise rate of 15° C./min to determine the solidus temperature and the liquidus-line temperature. The resultant solidus temperature was subtracted from the resultant liquidus-line temperature to determine ΔT. The case where ΔT was 10° C. or less was evaluated as “∘”, whilst the case where ΔT exceeded 10° C. was evaluated as “x”.

[0123] Wettability

[0124] Each solder paste immediately after preparation was printed on a Cu plate, heated at a temperature rise rate of 1° C./s from 25° C. to 260° C. in an N2 atmosphere in a reflow furnace, followed by cooling the resultant to room temperature. The wettability was evaluated by observing the appearance of solder bumps after cooling under a light microscope. The case where unmelted solder powder was not observed was evaluated as “∘”, whilst the case where unmelted solder powder was observed was evaluated as

[0125] Total Evaluation

[0126] The case where the resultant was evaluated as “∘” in all of the above-mentioned tests was evaluated as “∘”, whilst the case where the resultant was evaluated as “x” in at least one test was evaluated as “x”.

[0127] The evaluation results are shown in Tables 1 to 12.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Evaluation item Alloy constitution (As, Bi, Pb: For- For- For- For- Change Total ppm by mass, Ag, Cu: % by mass) mu- mu- mu- mu- over Wetta- evalu- Sn Ag Cu As Bi Pb Ni Fe In la (1) la (2) la (3) la (4) time ΔT bility ation Example 1 Bal. 18 123 123 300 0.13 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 2 Bal. 18 246 0 300 0.06 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 3 Bal. 18 0 246 300 0.20 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 4 Bal. 18 150 300 504 0.25 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 5 Bal. 18 300 300 654 0.32 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 6 Bal. 18 300 10000 1354 0.89 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 7 Bal. 18 1000 300 1354 0.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 8 Bal. 18 1000 1000 2054 1.05 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 9 Bal. 10 10000 5100 15130 6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 10 Bal. 10 25000 0 25030 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 11 Bal. 10 0 8000 8030 6.56 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 12 Bal. 10 150 300 480 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 13 Bal. 14 10000 5100 15142 6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 14 Bal. 14 25000 0 25042 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 15 Bal. 14 0 8000 8042 6.56 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 16 Bal. 14 150 300 492 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 17 Bal. 24 10000 5100 15172 6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 18 Bal. 24 25000 0 25072 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 19 Bal. 24 0 8000 8072 6.56 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 20 Bal. 24 150 300 522 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 21 Bal. 38 10000 5100 15214 6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 22 Bal. 38 25000 0 25114 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 23 Bal. 38 0 8000 8114 6.58 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 24 Bal. 38 150 300 564 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 25 Bal. 18 150 300 40 504 0.28 — 40 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 26 Bal. 18 150 300 100 504 0.28 — 100 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ (R. Example: Referencial Example)

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Evaluation item Alloy constitution (As, Bi, Pb: For- For- For- For- Change Total ppm by mass, Ag, Cu: % by mass) mu- mu- mu- mu- over Wetta- evalu- Sn Ag Cu As Bi Pb Ni Fe In la (1) la (2) la (3) la (4) time ΔT bility ation Example 27 Bal. 18 150 300 500 504 0.28 — 500 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 28 Bal. 18 150 300 600 504 0.28 — 600 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 29 Bal. 18 150 300 20 504 0.28 0 20 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 30 Bal. 18 150 300 100 504 0.28 0 100 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 31 Bal. 18 150 300 40 20 504 0.28 2 60 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 32 Bal. 18 150 300 40 10 504 0.28 4 50 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 33 Bal. 18 150 300 80 10 504 0.28 8 90 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 34 Bal. 18 150 300 500 10 504 0.28 50 510 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 35 Bal. 18 150 300 10 100 504 0.28 0.1 110 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 36 Bal. 18 150 300 100 100 504 0.28 1 200 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 37 Bal. 18 150 300 600 80 504 0.28 7.5 680 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 38 Bal. 18 150 300 20 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 39 Bal. 18 150 300 100 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 40 Bal. 18 150 300 1200 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 41 Bal. 18 150 300 40 20 20 504 0.28 2 60 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 42 Bal. 18 150 300 100 50 50 504 0.28 2 150 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 43 Bal. 18 150 300 500 50 30 504 0.28 10 550 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 44 Bal. 0.7 18 123 123 300 0.13 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 45 Bal. 0.7 18 246 0 300 0.06 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 46 Bal. 0.7 18 0 246 300 0.20 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 47 Bal. 0.7 18 150 300 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 48 Bal. 0.7 18 300 300 654 0.32 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 49 Bal. 0.7 18 300 1000 1354 0.89 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 50 Bal. 0.7 18 1000 300 1354 0.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 51 Bal. 0.7 18 1000 1000 2054 1.05 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 52 Bal. 0.7 10 10000 5100 15130 6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Evaluation item Alloy constitution (As, Bi, Pb: For- For- For- For- Change Total ppm by mass, Ag, Cu: % by mass) mu- mu- mu- mu- over Wetta- evalu- Sn Ag Cu As Bi Pb Ni Fe In la (1) la (2) la (3) la (4) time ΔT bility ation Example 53 Bal. 0.7 10 25000 0 25030 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 54 Bal. 0.7 10 0 8000 8030 6.56 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 55 Bal. 0.7 10 150 300 480 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 56 Bal. 0.7 14 10000 5100 15142 6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 57 Bal. 0.7 14 25000 0 25042 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 58 Bal. 0.7 14 0 8000 8042 5.56 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 59 Bal. 0.7 14 150 300 492 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 60 Bal. 0.7 24 10000 5100 15172 6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 61 Bal. 0.7 24 25000 0 25072 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 62 Bal. 0.7 24 0 8000 8072 6.56 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 63 Bal. 0.7 24 150 300 522 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 64 Bal. 0.7 38 10000 5100 15214 6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 65 Bal. 0.7 38 25000 0 25114 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 66 Bal. 0.7 38 0 8000 8114 6.56 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 67 Bal. 0.7 38 150 300 564 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 68 Bal. 0.7 18 150 300 40 504 0.28 — 40 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 69 Bal. 0.7 18 150 300 100 504 0.28 — 100 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 70 Bal. 0.7 18 150 300 500 504 0.28 — 500 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 71 Bal. 0.7 18 150 300 600 504 0.28 — 600 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 72 Bal. 0.7 18 150 300 20 504 0.28 0 20 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 73 Bal. 0.7 18 150 300 100 504 0.28 0 100 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 74 Bal. 0.7 18 150 300 40 20 504 0.28 2 60 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 75 Bal. 0.7 18 150 300 40 10 504 0.28 4 50 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 76 Bal. 0.7 18 150 300 80 10 504 0.28 8 90 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 77 Bal. 0.7 18 150 300 500 10 504 0.28 50 510 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 78 Bal. 0.7 18 150 300 10 100 504 0.28 0.1 110 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ (R. Example: Referencial Example)

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Evaluation item Alloy constitution (As, Bi, Pb: For- For- For- For- Change Total ppm by mass, Ag, Cu: % by mass) mu- mu- mu- mu- over Wetta- evalu- Sn Ag Cu As Bi Pb Ni Fe In la (1) la (2) la (3) la (4) time ΔT bility ation Example 79 Bal. 0.7 18 150 300 100 100 504 0.28 1 200 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 80 Bal. 0.7 18 150 300 600 80 504 0.28 7.5 680 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 81 Bal. 0.7 18 150 300 20 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 82 Bal. 0.7 18 150 300 100 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 83 Bal. 0.7 18 150 300 1200 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 84 Bal. 0.7 18 150 300 40 20 20 504 0.26 2 60 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 85 Bal. 0.7 18 150 300 100 50 50 504 0.28 2 150 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 86 Bal. 0.7 18 150 300 500 50 30 504 0.28 10 550 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 87 Bal. 1 0.5 18 123 123 300 0.13 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 88 Bal. 1 0.5 18 246 0 300 0.06 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 89 Bal. 1 0.5 18 0 246 300 0.20 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 90 Bal. 1 0.5 18 150 300 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 91 Bal. 1 0.5 18 300 300 654 0.32 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 92 Bal. 1 0.5 18 300 1000 1354 0.89 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 93 Bal. 1 0.5 18 1000 300 1354 0.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 94 Bal. 1 0.5 18 1000 1000 2054 1.05 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 95 Bal. 1 0.5 10 10000 5100 15130 6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 96 Bal. 1 0.5 10 25000 0 25030 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 97 Bal. 1 0.5 10 0 8000 8030 6.56 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 98 Bal. 1 0.5 10 150 300 480 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 99 Bal. 1 0.5 14 10000 5100 15142 6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 100 Bal. 1 0.5 14 25000 0 25042 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 101 Bal. 1 0.5 14 0 8000 8042 6.58 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 102 Bal. 1 0.5 14 150 300 492 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 103 Bal. 1 0.5 24 10000 5100 15172 6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 104 Bal. 1 0.5 24 25000 0 25072 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯

TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Evaluation item Alloy constitution (As, Bi, Pb: For- For- For- For- Change Total ppm by mass, Ag, Cu: % by mass) mu- mu- mu- mu- over Wetta- evalu- Sn Ag Cu As Bi Pb Ni Fe In la (1) la (2) la (3) la (4) time ΔT bility ation Example 105 Bal. 1 0.5 24 0 8000 8072 6.56 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 106 Bal. 1 0.5 24 150 300 522 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 107 Bal. 1 0.5 38 10000 5100 15214 6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 108 Bal. 1 0.5 38 25000 0 25114 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 109 Bal. 1 0.5 38 0 8000 8114 6.55 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 110 Bal. 1 0.5 38 150 300 564 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 111 Bal. 1 0.5 18 150 300 40 504 0.28 — 40 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 112 Bal. 1 0.5 18 150 300 100 504 0.28 — 100 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 113 Bal. 1 0.5 18 150 300 500 504 0.28 — 500 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 114 Bal. 1 0.5 18 150 300 600 504 0.28 — 600 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 115 Bal. 1 0.5 18 150 300 20 504 0.28 0 20 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 116 Bal. 1 0.5 18 150 300 100 504 0.28 0 100 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 117 Bal. 1 0.5 18 150 300 40 20 504 0.28 2 60 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 118 Bal. 1 0.5 18 150 300 40 10 504 0.28 4 50 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 119 Bal. 1 0.5 18 150 300 80 10 504 0.28 8 90 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 120 Bal. 1 0.5 18 150 300 500 10 504 0.28 50 510 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 121 Bal. 1 0.5 18 150 300 10 100 504 0.28 0.1 110 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 122 Bal. 1 0.5 18 150 300 100 100 504 0.28 1 200 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 123 Bal. 1 0.5 18 150 300 600 80 504 0.28 7.5 680 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 124 Bal. 1 0.5 18 150 300 20 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 125 Bal. 1 0.5 18 150 300 100 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 126 Bal. 1 0.5 18 150 300 1200 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 127 Bal. 1 0.5 18 150 300 40 20 20 504 0.28 2 60 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 128 Bal. 1 0.5 18 150 300 100 50 50 504 0.28 2 150 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 129 Bal. 1 0.5 18 150 300 500 50 30 504 0.28 10 550 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 130 Bal. 2 0.5 18 123 123 300 0.13 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ (R. Example: Referencial Example)

TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Evaluation item Alloy constitution (As, Bi, Pb: For- For- For- For- Change Total ppm by mass, Ag, Cu: % by mass) mu- mu- mu- mu- over Wetta- evalu- Sn Ag Cu As Bi Pb Ni Fe In la (1) la (2) la (3) la (4) time ΔT bility ation Example 131 Bal. 2 0.5 18 246 0 300 0.06 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 132 Bal. 2 0.5 18 0 246 300 0.20 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 133 Bal. 2 0.5 18 150 300 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 134 Bal. 2 0.5 18 300 300 654 0.32 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 135 Bal. 2 0.5 18 300 1000 1354 0.89 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 136 Bal. 2 0.5 18 1000 300 1354 0.46 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 137 Bal. 2 0.5 18 1000 1000 2054 1.05 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 138 Bal. 2 0.5 10 10000 5100 15130 6.46 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 139 Bal. 2 0.5 10 25000 0 25030 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 140 Bal. 2 0.5 10 0 8000 8030 6.56 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 141 Bal. 2 0.5 10 150 300 480 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 142 Bal. 2 0.5 14 10000 5100 15142 6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 143 Bal. 2 0.5 14 25000 0 25042 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 144 Bal. 2 0.5 14 0 8000 8042 6.56 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 145 Bal. 2 0.5 14 150 300 492 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 146 Bal. 2 0.5 24 10000 5100 15172 6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 147 Bal. 2 0.5 24 25000 0 25072 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 148 Bal. 2 0.5 24 0 8000 8072 6.56 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 149 Bal. 2 0.5 24 150 300 522 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 150 Bal. 2 0.5 38 10000 5100 15214 6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 151 Bal. 2 0.5 38 25000 0 25114 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 152 Bal. 2 0.5 38 0 8000 8114 6.56 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 153 Bal. 2 0.5 38 150 300 564 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 154 Bal. 2 0.5 18 150 300 40 504 0.28 — 40 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 155 Bal. 2 0.5 18 150 300 100 504 0.28 — 100 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 156 Bal. 2 0.5 18 150 300 500 504 0.28 — 500 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ (R. Example: Referencial Example)

TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 Evaluation item Alloy constitution (As, Bi, Pb: For- For- For- For- Change Total ppm by mass, Ag, Cu: % by mass) mu- mu- mu- mu- over Wetta- evalu- Sn Ag Cu As Bi Pb Ni Fe In la (1) la (2) la (3) la (4) time ΔT bility ation Example 157 Bal. 2 0.5 18 150 300 600 504 0.28 — 600 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 158 Bal. 2 0.5 18 150 300 20 504 0.28 0 20 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 159 Bal. 2 0.5 18 150 300 100 504 0.28 0 100 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 160 Bal. 2 0.5 18 150 300 40 20 504 0.28 2 60 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 161 Bal. 2 0.5 18 150 300 40 10 504 0.28 4 50 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 162 Bal. 2 0.5 18 150 300 80 10 504 0.28 8 90 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 163 Bal. 2 0.5 18 150 300 500 10 504 0.28 50 510 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 164 Bal. 2 0.5 18 150 300 10 100 504 0.28 0.1 110 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 165 Bal. 2 0.5 18 150 300 100 100 504 0.28 1 200 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 166 Bal. 2 0.5 18 150 300 600 80 504 0.28 7.5 680 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 167 Bal. 2 0.5 18 150 300 20 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 168 Bal. 2 0.5 18 150 300 100 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 169 Bal. 2 0.5 18 150 300 1200 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 170 Bal. 2 0.5 18 150 300 40 20 20 504 0.28 2 60 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 171 Bal. 2 0.5 18 150 300 100 50 50 504 0.28 2 150 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 172 Bal. 2 0.5 18 150 300 500 50 30 504 0.28 10 550 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 173 Bal. 3 0.5 18 123 123 300 0.13 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 174 Bal. 3 0.5 18 246 0 300 0.06 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 175 Bal. 3 0.5 18 0 246 300 0.20 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 176 Bal. 3 0.5 18 150 300 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 177 Bal. 3 0.5 18 300 300 654 0.32 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 178 Bal. 3 0.5 18 300 1000 1354 0.89 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 179 Bal. 3 0.5 18 1000 300 1354 0.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 180 Bal. 3 0.5 18 1000 1000 2054 1.05 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 181 Bal. 3 0.5 10 10000 5100 15130 6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 182 Bal. 3 0.5 10 25000 0 25030 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯

TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 8 Evaluation item Alloy constitution (As, Bi, Pb: For- For- For- For- Change Total ppm by mass, Ag, Cu: % by mass) mu- mu- mu- mu- over Wetta- evalu- Sn Ag Cu As Bi Pb Ni Fe In la (1) la (2) la (3) la (4) time ΔT bility ation Example 183 Bal. 3 0.5 10 0 8000 8030 6.56 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 184 Bal. 3 0.5 10 150 300 480 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 185 Bal. 3 0.5 14 10000 5100 15142 6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 186 Bal. 3 0.5 14 25000 0 25042 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 187 Bal. 3 0.5 14 0 8000 8042 6.56 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 188 Bal. 3 0.5 14 150 300 492 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 189 Bal. 3 0.5 24 10000 5100 15172 6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 190 Bal. 3 0.5 24 25000 0 25072 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 191 Bal. 3 0.5 24 0 8000 8072 6.56 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 192 Bal. 3 0.5 24 150 300 522 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 193 Bal. 3 0.5 38 10000 5100 15214 6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 194 Bal. 3 0.5 38 25000 0 25114 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 195 Bal. 3 0.5 38 0 8000 8114 6.56 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 196 Bal. 3 0.5 38 150 300 564 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 197 Bal. 3 0.5 18 150 300 40 504 0.28 — 40 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 198 Bal. 3 0.5 18 150 300 100 504 0.28 — 100 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 199 Bal. 3 0.5 18 150 300 500 504 0.28 — 500 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 200 Bal. 3 0.5 18 150 300 600 504 0.28 — 600 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 201 Bal. 3 0.5 18 150 300 20 504 0.28 0 20 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 202 Bal. 3 0.5 18 150 300 100 504 0.28 0 100 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 203 Bal. 3 0.5 18 150 300 40 20 504 0.28 2 60 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 204 Bal. 3 0.5 18 150 300 40 10 504 0.28 4 50 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 205 Bal. 3 0.5 18 150 300 80 10 504 0.28 8 90 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 206 Bal. 3 0.5 18 150 300 500 10 504 0.28 50 510 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 207 Bal. 3 0.5 18 150 300 10 100 504 0.28 0.1 110 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 208 Bal. 3 0.5 18 150 300 100 100 504 0.28 1 200 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ (R. Example: Referencial Example)

TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 9 Evaluation item Alloy constitution (As, Bi, Pb: For- For- For- For- Change Total ppm by mass, Ag, Cu: % by mass) mu- mu- mu- mu- over Wetta- evalu- Sn Ag Cu As Bi Pb Ni Fe In la (1) la (2) la (3) la (4) time ΔT bility ation Example 209 Bal. 3 0.5 18 150 300 600 80 504 0.28 7.5 680 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 210 Bal. 3 0.5 18 150 300 20 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 211 Bal. 3 0.5 18 150 300 100 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 212 Bal. 3 0.5 18 150 300 1200 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 213 Bal. 3 0.5 18 150 300 40 20 20 504 0.28 2 60 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 214 Bal. 3 0.5 18 150 300 100 50 50 504 0.28 2 150 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 215 Bal. 3 0.5 18 150 300 500 50 30 504 0.28 10 550 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 216 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 123 123 300 0.13 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 217 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 246 0 300 0.06 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 218 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 0 246 300 0.20 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 219 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 150 300 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 220 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 300 300 654 0.32 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 221 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 300 1000 1354 0.89 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 222 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 1000 300 1354 0.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 223 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 1000 1000 2054 1.05 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 224 Bal. 3.5 0.5 10 10000 5100 15130 6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 225 Bal. 3.5 0.5 10 25000 0 25030 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 226 Bal. 3.5 0.5 10 0 6000 8030 6.56 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 227 Bal. 3.5 0.5 10 150 300 480 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 228 Bal. 3.5 0.5 14 10000 5100 15142 6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 229 Bal. 3.5 0.5 14 25000 0 25042 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 230 Bal. 3.5 0.5 14 0 8000 8042 6.56 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 231 Bal. 3.5 0.5 14 150 300 492 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 232 Bal. 3.5 0.5 24 10000 5100 15172 6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 233 Bal. 3.5 0.5 24 25000 0 25072 5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 234 Bal. 3.5 0.5 24 0 8000 8072 6.56 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯

TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 10 Evaluation item Alloy constitution (As, Bi, Pb: For- For- For- For- Change Total ppm by mass, Ag, Cu: % by mass) mu- mu- mu- mu- over Wetta- evalu- Sn Ag Cu As Bi Pb Ni Fe In la (1) la (2) la (3) la (4) time ΔT bility ation Example 235 Bal. 3.5 0.5 24 150 300 522 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 236 Bal. 3.5 0.5 38 10000 5100 15214  6.48 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 237 Bal. 3.5 0.5 38 25000 0 25114  5.75 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 238 Bal. 3.5 0.5 38 0 8000 8114  6.56 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ R. Example 239 Bal. 3.5 0.5 38 150 300 584 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 240 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 150 300 40 504 0.28 — 40 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 241 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 150 300 100 504 0.28 — 100 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 242 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 150 300 500 504 0.28 — 500 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 243 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 150 300 600 504 0.28 — 600 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 244 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 150 300 20 504 0.28 0 20 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 245 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 150 300 100 504 0.28 0 100 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 246 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 150 300 40 20 504 0.28 2 60 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 247 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 150 300 40 10 504 0.28 4 50 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 248 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 150 300 80 10 504 0.28 8 90 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 249 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 150 300 500 10 504 0.28 50 510 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 250 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 150 300 10 100 504 0.28 0.1 110 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 251 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 150 300 100 100 504 0.28 1 200 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 252 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 150 300 600 80 504 0.28 7.5 680 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 253 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 150 300 20 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 254 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 150 300 100 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 255 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 150 300 1200 504 0.28 — 0 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 256 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 150 300 40 20 20 504 0.28 2 60 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 257 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 150 300 100 50 50 504 0.28 2 150 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ Example 258 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 150 300 500 50 30 504 0.28 10 550 ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ C. Example 1 Bal.  0 100 100 200 0.11 — 0 X ◯ ◯ X C. Example 2 Bal. 18 25 25 104 0.03 — 0 X ◯ ◯ X (R. Example: Referential Example; C. Example: Comparative Example)

TABLE-US-00011 TABLE 11 Evaluation item Alloy constitution (As, Bi, Pb: For- For- For- For- Change Total ppm by mass, Ag, Cu: % by mass) mu- mu- mu- mu- over Wetta- evalu- Sn Ag Cu As Bi Pb Ni Fe In la (1) la (2) la (3) la (4) time ΔT bility ation C. Example 3 Bal. 350    25   25  1100 0.03 — 0 ◯ ◯ X X C. Example 4 Bal. 800   100  100  2600 0.11 — 0 ◯ ◯ X X C. Example 5 Bal. 18   0 10000 10054 8.20 — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 6 Bal. 18 20000  5000 25054 8.70 — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 7 Bal. 18 25000 25000 50054 26.25  — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 8 Bal. 18 50000   0 50054 11.50  — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 9 Bal. 18   0 50000 50054 41.00  — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 10 Bal. 0.7  0  100  100  200 0.11 — 0 X ◯ ◯ X C. Example 11 Bal. 0.7 18   25   25  104 0.03 — 0 X ◯ ◯ X C. Example 12 Bal. 0.7 350    25   25  1100 0.03 — 0 ◯ ◯ X X C. Example 13 Bal. 0.7 800   100  100  2600 0.11 — 0 ◯ ◯ X X C. Example 14 Bal. 0.7 18   0 10000 10054 8.20 — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 15 Bal. 0.7 18 20000  5000 25054 8.70 — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 16 Bal. 0.7 18 25000 25000 50054 26.25  — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 17 Bal. 0.7 18 50000   0 50054 11.50  — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 18 Bal. 0.7 18   0 50000 50054 41.00  — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 19 Bal. 1 0.5  0  100  100  200 0.11 — 0 X ◯ ◯ X C. Example 20 Bal. 1 0.5 18   25   25  104 0.03 — 0 X ◯ ◯ X C. Example 21 Bal. 1 0.5 350    25   25  1100 0.03 — 0 ◯ ◯ X X C. Example 22 Bal. 1 0.5 800   100  100  2600 0.11 — 0 ◯ ◯ X X C. Example 23 Bal. 1 0.5 18   0 10000 10054 8.20 — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 24 Bal. 1 0.5 18 20000  5000 25054 8.70 — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 25 Bal. 1 0.5 18 25000 25000 50054 26.25  — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 26 Bal. 1 0.5 18 50000   0 50054 11.50  — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 27 Bal. 1 0.5 18   0 50000 50054 41.00  — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 28 Bal. 2 0.5  0  100  100  200 0.11 — 0 X ◯ ◯ X (C. Example: Comparative Example)

TABLE-US-00012 TABLE 12 Evaluation item Alloy constitution (As, Bi, Pb: For- For- For- For- Change Total ppm by mass, Ag, Cu: % by mass) mu- mu- mu- mu- over Wetta- evalu- Sn Ag Cu As Bi Pb Ni Fe In la (1) la (2) la (3) la (4) time ΔT bility ation C. Example 29 Bal. 2 0.5 18   25   25  104 0.03 — 0 X ◯ ◯ X C. Example 30 Bal. 2 0.5 350    25   25  1100 0.03 — 0 ◯ ◯ X X C. Example 31 Bal. 2 0.5 800   100  100  2600 0.11 — 0 ◯ ◯ X X C. Example 32 Bal. 2 0.5 18   0 10000 10054 8.20 — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 33 Bal. 2 0.5 18 20000  5000 25054 8.70 — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 34 Bal. 2 0.5 18 25000 25000 50054 26.25  — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 35 Bal. 2 0.5 18 50000   0 50054 11.50  — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 36 Bal. 2 0.5 18   0 50000 50054 41.00  — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 37 Bal. 3 0.5  0  100  100  200 0.11 — 0 X ◯ ◯ X C. Example 38 Bal. 3 0.5 18   25   25  104 0.03 — 0 X ◯ ◯ X C. Example 39 Bal. 3 0.5 350    25   25  1100 0.03 — 0 ◯ ◯ X X C. Example 40 Bal. 3 0.5 800   100  100  2600 0.11 — 0 ◯ ◯ X X C. Example 41 Bal. 3 0.5 18   0 10000 10054 8.20 — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 42 Bal. 3 0.5 18 20000  5000 25054 8.70 — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 43 Bal. 3 0.5 18 25000 25000 50054 26.25  — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 44 Bal. 3 0.5 18 50000   0 50054 11.50  — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 45 Bal. 3 0.5 18   0 50000 50054 41.00  — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 46 Bal. 3.5 0.5  0  100  100  200 0.11 — 0 X ◯ ◯ X C. Example 47 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18   25   25  104 0.03 — 0 X ◯ ◯ X C. Example 48 Bal. 3.5 0.5 350    25   25  1100 0.03 — 0 ◯ ◯ X X C. Example 49 Bal. 3.5 0.5 800   100  100  2600 0.11 — 0 ◯ ◯ X X C. Example 50 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18   0 10000 10054 8.20 — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 51 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 20000  5000 25054 8.70 — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 52 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 25000 25000 50054 26.25  — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 53 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18 50000   0 50054 11.50  — 0 ◯ X ◯ X C. Example 54 Bal. 3.5 0.5 18   0 50000 50054 41.00  — 0 ◯ X ◯ X

[0128] In the tables, the underlined portions were outside the scope of the present invention.

[0129] As shown in Tables 1 to 12, it was confirmed that the viscosity-increase suppression effect, the narrowing in the ΔT, and excellent wettability were exhibited in all examples in which all alloy constitutions satisfy the requirements of the present invention. In contrast, it was confirmed that at least one of the viscosity-increase suppression effect, the narrowing in the ΔT, and the wettability was deteriorated in comparative examples 1 to 54 in which all alloy constitutions do not satisfy at least one requirement of the present invention.