WELDING METHOD USING COATED ABRASIVE PARTICLES, COATED ABRASIVE PARTICLES, COATING SYSTEM AND SEALING SYSTEM

Abstract

A welding method using coated abrasive particles, coated abrasive particles, coating system and sealing system which uses particles, in which a hard material layer is applied around abrasive particles such as cubic boron nitride (cBN) and protects against oxidation during welding. The hard material compound in the coating may include a carbide, in particular titanium carbide. A sealing system is composed of stator and rotor blade having the layer system.

Claims

1. A particle, comprising: an abrasive particle, and a coating of hard material compound on the abrasive particle.

2. The particle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coating of hard material compound comprises a carbide.

3. The particle as claimed in claim 1, wherein only one coating of hard material compound is present around the abrasive particle.

4. A method for producing a layer, comprising: using particles as claimed in claim 1.

5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the particles are or have been mixed with a metallic matrix material and are applied.

6. The method as claimed in claim 5, comprising: using a buildup welding process in which a matrix material is applied together with the particles.

7. A layer system, comprising: a substrate on at least part of which and not more than part of which a layer comprising particles as claimed in claim 1 in a matrix material is present.

8. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the matrix material comprises NiCoCrAlY—X (X=Si, Re, Ta, Fe).

9. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the matrix material is a nickel- or cobalt-based superalloy.

10. A sealing system, comprising: a stator and rotor blade having a layer system as claimed in claim 7.

11. The particle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the abrasive particle comprises a cubic boron nitride particle.

12. The particle as claimed in claim 2, wherein the carbide comprises titanium carbide.

13. The particle as claimed in claim 3, wherein the only one coating is composed of only one material.

14. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the buildup welding process comprises a powder buildup welding process, in which a matrix material is applied together with the particles in powder form.

15. The layer system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the substrate comprises a metallic substrate.

16. The layer system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the matrix material comprises NiCoCrAlY—X (X=Si, Re, Ta, Fe).

17. The layer system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the matrix material is a nickel- or cobalt-based superalloy.

18. The sealing system as claimed in claim 10, having a layer system on a rotor blade.

19. The layer system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the matrix material consists of NiCoCrAlY—X (X=Si, Re, Ta, Fe).

20. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the matrix material consists of NiCoCrAlY—X (X=Si, Re, Ta, Fe).

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] FIG. 1 schematically shows an illustrative particle which has been applied in an illustrative layer system as per FIG. 2.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION

[0024] The figures and the description represent merely working examples of the invention.

[0025] FIG. 1 shows a coated particle 4, in particular cubic boron nitride (cBN), which has a block-like particle of an abrasive material, here cubic boron nitride, in its interior, in particular consists thereof, and a coating 7 so as to form the particle 1.

[0026] To protect against oxidation during laser buildup welding, the abrasive particle 4 is enveloped by a coating 7 composed of a hard material compound, advantageously a carbide, very particularly advantageously titanium carbide (TiC).

[0027] Such particles 1 can be used in buildup welding processes, with these coated abrasive particles 4 being mixed with another metallic powder, advantageously with a nickel-based or cobalt-based superalloy or an NiCoCrAlY alloy or pressed or incorporated in a wire which is used in a buildup welding process.

[0028] NiCoCrAlY means NiCoCrAlY+X with additions of X=tantalum (Ta), aluminum (Al), silicon (Si) and/or iron (Fe). This listing is advantageously exhaustive.

[0029] The matrix material 15 is different from the abrasive particle 4 and the coating 7 thereof, since it is metallic, i.e. is advantageously a metallic alloy.

[0030] Use in an SLM or SLS powder bed process is also possible.

[0031] Such a welding method and such particles 1 as per FIG. 1 make it possible to produce a layer system 10 as per FIG. 2, in which a component, advantageously a turbine component, has a substrate 13 with a surface 14 and a layer 16 containing the particles has been applied to substrate 13 or to surface 14. The particles 1 are entirely within the matrix 15 in the layer 16 or project from the layer 16.

[0032] In such a sealing system, the layer 16 is then advantageously applied only to the blade tip of a turbine rotor blade.

[0033] The turbine rotor blade can likewise have, and in the case of gas turbines generally does have, metallic and/or ceramic coatings on the blade airfoil and/or the blade platform, but these coatings do not comprise the particles 1.

[0034] The stator or the housing of a turbine, in particular a gas turbine, also has a protective coating into which this abrasive layer 16 rubs. The coating on the housing or stator can be purely metallic, purely ceramic or comprise a layer system of a metallic bonding layer and an outer ceramic layer.

[0035] The layer or the layer system of the housing are made so that they are mechanically softer than the abrasive layer 16, so that grinding-in is possible. This can be achieved by means of the composition of the metallic or ceramic coating and/or by setting of the porosities of the layer or the layers.