METHOD FOR THE DISASSEMBLY OF TOWER OF A WIND POWER PLANT

Abstract

A method for, in particular completely or partially, disassembling a tower of a wind power plant, comprising the following steps: selecting suitable disassembly measures as a function of the tower location and the tower characteristics; preparing the disassembly, in particular of the tower and optionally the surroundings; carrying out the disassembly; and transporting the disassembled tower away.

Claims

1. A method for disassembling a tower of a wind power plant, the method comprising: selecting disassembly measures as a function of a location of the tower and characteristics of the tower; preparing the disassembly of the tower; carrying out the disassembly of the tower; and transporting the disassembled tower away.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tower comprises a foundation.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tower comprises at least prefabricated concrete units or site-cast concrete units.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tower is prestressed by at least externally guided tendons or internally guided tendons.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein adjacent tower segments are fully or partially connected to each other in at least one of a materially integral matter, a form-fitting matter, or a force-fitting manner.

6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method is able to be used at one or a plurality of the following locations of wind power plants: in meadows or fields; forest location with limited available space; dyke location; location with utility lines in the immediate vicinity; location with limitations as a result of denial of use of neighboring properties; nature reserve; drinking water protection zone; location with adjacent buildings; water-proximal location that include ditches, waterways, and lakes; and mountainous location.

7. The method as claimed in claim 1, comprising: removing installed parts in an interior of the tower, and/or installing a work platform in the interior of the tower and/or outside the tower; and/or separating tendons; and/or separating adjacent tower segments; and/or removing an upper tower segment by lashing to a disassembly crane and subsequent lifting, pivoting, and lowering the upper tower segment; and/or examining coatings of the tower and/or components of the tower; and/or removing coatings using one of a high-pressure water jet, an abrading installation, or a suction installation; and/or causing the tower to fall by at least one cutting a notch on base of the tower, or detonating the base of the tower; and/or comminuting a plurality tower segments of the tower; and/or separating the plurality of comminuted tower segments according to component parts.

8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein separating the tendons comprises: separating internally guided tendons by at least one of a thermal method, an oxygen lance, or a high-pressure water jet.

9. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein separating the tendons comprises: relaxing externally guided tendons; and/or separating externally guided tendons at a top of the tower or on the base of the tower; and/or removing and winding the externally guided tendons using a drum-reeling apparatus.

10. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein separating the adjacent tower segments comprises separating the adjacent tower segments at horizontal joints using: a concrete wall saw; and/or a pad saw; and/or a wire saw; and/or an oxygen lance; and/or a high-pressure water jet; and/or a splitting apparatus.

11. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein separating the adjacent tower segments comprises separating the adjacent tower segments at vertical joints by separating screw connections.

12. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein comminuting the tower segments includes: detonating; and/or ground-based demolition tools including at least one a demolition excavator, an impact ball, a cable excavator, or demolition shears; and/or tower-based demolition tools includes at least one of a demolition robot, a walking excavator, or demolition shears.

13. The method as claimed in claim wherein preparing the disassembly of the tower further includes preparing the disassembly of the surroundings.

14. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein installing work platform in the interior of the tower and/or outside the tower comprises using a plurality of fastening points that were previously used for assembling the tower.

15. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein installing work platform in the interior of the tower and/or outside the tower comprises forming new fastening points in the tower.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Preferred exemplary embodiments will be described in an exemplary manner by means of the appended figures in which:

[0055] FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary wind power plant;

[0056] FIG. 2 shows a schematic flowchart of an exemplary embodiment of a method for disassembling a tower of a wind power plant;

[0057] FIG. 3 shows a schematic flowchart of a further exemplary embodiment of steps of a method for disassembling a tower of a wind power plant;

[0058] FIG. 4 shows a schematic flowchart of a further exemplary embodiment of steps of a method for disassembling a tower of a wind power plant;

[0059] FIG. 5 shows a schematic flowchart of a further exemplary embodiment of steps of a method for disassembling a tower of a wind power plant;

[0060] FIG. 6 shows a schematic flowchart of a further exemplary embodiment of steps of a method for disassembling a tower of a wind power plant;

[0061] FIG. 7 shows a schematic flowchart of a further exemplary embodiment of steps of a method for disassembling a tower of a wind power plant;

[0062] FIG. 8 shows a schematic flowchart of a further exemplary embodiment of steps of a method for disassembling a tower of a wind power plant;

[0063] FIG. 9 shows a schematic flowchart of a further exemplary embodiment of steps of a method for disassembling a tower of a wind power plant;

[0064] FIG. 10 shows a schematic flowchart of a further exemplary embodiment of steps of a method for disassembling a tower of a wind power plant;

[0065] FIG. 11 shows a schematic flowchart of a further exemplary embodiment of steps of a method for disassembling a tower of a wind power plant;

[0066] FIG. 12 shows a schematic flowchart of a further exemplary embodiment of steps of a method for disassembling a tower of a wind power plant;

[0067] FIG. 13 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of a tower of a wind power plant, having an exemplary work platform disposed on the external side;

[0068] FIG. 14 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of a tower of a wind power plant having exemplary guide rails for a concrete wall saw;

[0069] FIG. 15 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of a tower of a wind power plant having an exemplary concrete wall saw;

[0070] FIG. 16 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of a tower of a wind power plant having an exemplary wire saw;

[0071] FIG. 17 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of an exemplary tower of a wind power plant having a raised uppermost tower segment;

[0072] FIG. 18 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of a tower of a wind power plant having an exemplary drum-reeling apparatus;

[0073] FIG. 19 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of an exemplary drum-reeling apparatus;

[0074] FIG. 20 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of a tower of a wind power plant having an exemplary demolition excavator with a long front;

[0075] FIG. 21 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of exemplary demolition shears;

[0076] FIG. 22 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of an exemplary fall zone bed having sand ribs;

[0077] FIG. 23 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of an exemplary tower base having a notch cut;

[0078] FIG. 24 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of an exemplary tower when felling;

[0079] FIG. 25 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of an exemplary felled tower;

[0080] FIG. 26 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of an exemplary tower of a wind power plant when demolishing with an impact ball;

[0081] FIG. 27 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of the upper end of a tower having an exemplary demolition robot or walking excavator, respectively;

[0082] FIG. 28 shows a schematic sectional illustration of an exemplary nozzle system when cutting with a high-pressure water jet using abrasive materials;

[0083] FIG. 29 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of the upper end of a tower having a further exemplary demolition robot or walking excavator, respectively;

[0084] FIG. 30 shows a schematic longitudinal section of a tower having an exemplary tower-based demolition tool;

[0085] FIG. 31 shows a schematic sectional illustration of a tower having a further exemplary tower-based demolition tool;

[0086] FIG. 32 shows a schematic sectional illustration of a tower having a further exemplary tower-based demolition tool;

[0087] FIG. 33 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of the upper end of a tower when using an exemplary oxygen lance;

[0088] FIG. 34 shows a schematic sectional illustration of an exemplary separating perforation;

[0089] FIG. 35 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of an exemplary splitting apparatus; and

[0090] FIG. 36 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of an exemplary embodiment of a tower segment having sub-segments and a vertical joint.

[0091] Identical elements, or elements which are substantially identical in terms of function, are provided with the same reference signs in the figures. General descriptions typically relate to all embodiments unless differences are explicitly stated.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0092] FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a wind power plant having a tower for disassembly according to the invention. The wind power plant 100 has a tower 102, disposed on a foundation 103, and a nacelle 104 on the tower 102. An aerodynamic rotor 106 having three rotor blades 108 and a spinner 110 is provided on the nacelle 104. The aerodynamic rotor 106 in the operation of the wind power plant is set in rotation by the wind and thus also rotates an electrodynamic rotor, or rotating part, of a generator which is coupled directly or indirectly to the aerodynamic rotor 106. The electric generator is disposed in the nacelle 104 and generates electric power. The pitch angles of the rotor blades 108 can be varied by pitch motors on the rotor blade roots of the respective rotor blades 108.

[0093] The tower 102 has a lower end 102a and an upper end 102b. The tower 102 comprises a plurality of tower segments 120 which may be prefabricated concrete units or site-cast concrete units. The tower segments 120 are largely configured as closed annular segments 121, two of the latter being schematically indicated in FIG. 1. The tower segments 120 which in the lowered region of the tower 102 form a ring are assembled from sub-segments 122 such that said tower segments 120, apart from the horizontal joints between annular segments stacked on top of one another, also have vertical joints between the sub-segments 122. Such a vertical joint 2030, in which the sub-segments 122 by means of screw connections are connected by screw casings 2031, is shown in FIG. 35.

[0094] A schematic flowchart of an exemplary embodiment of a method 1 for disassembling a tower 102 of a wind power plant 100 is illustrated in FIG. 2. The method 1 comprises selecting at step 11 suitable disassembly measures as a function of the tower location and the tower characteristics as well as preparing at step 12 the disassembly, in particular of the tower 102 and optionally the surroundings. The disassembly of the tower 102 is carried out in step 13. The disassembled tower is subsequently transported away in step 14. The step of carrying out 13 the disassembly of the tower 102 can in particular be designed in different ways and the further exemplary embodiments illustrated hereunder also include more detailed information to this end.

[0095] A schematic flowchart of a further exemplary embodiment of steps of a method 200 for disassembling a tower 102 of a wind power plant 100 is illustrated in FIG. 3. In this method 200, the tower disassembly of the individual segments is illustrated by mutually separating the tower segments 120 by cuts of a saw.

[0096] This method 200 can in particular be used in locations with the following conditions: open location, for example meadows or fields; forest location with limited available space; dyke location; location with utility lines such as, for example, gas lines, in the immediate vicinity; location with limitations as a result of denial of use of neighboring properties; nature reserve; drinking water protection zone; location with adjacent buildings; water-proximal location, for example with ditches, waterways, lakes in the immediate vicinity; mountainous location. This method 200 can furthermore particularly be used in towers of the following type: site-cast concrete tower; prefabricated concrete tower having internally guided tendons and having joints which are connected in a materially integral manner, in particular adhesively bonded; prefabricated concrete tower having internally guided tendons and dry joints, in particular system joints; prefabricated concrete tower having externally guided tendons and having joints which are connected in a materially integral manner, in particular adhesively bonded.

[0097] In step 201, all installed parts in the interior of the tower are first removed prior to the disassembly, whereby lightning protection installations and the access ladder for safety reasons are released once the disassembly progresses to the respective segment to be severed.

[0098] In step 202, a work platform is disposed on the tower 102. This work platform can be disposed in the interior of the tower as well as on the outside of the tower. A work platform 2001 which is disposed on the outside of the tower 102 is illustrated in FIG. 13.

[0099] In step 203, a concrete wall saw 2003 (FIG. 15) which, for the cut between an upper conjointly braced steel segment and the uppermost concrete segment is guided by way of guide rails 2002 that are screwed to the segment, is applied in the region of the horizontal cut joint, and the steel segment is separated from the uppermost concrete segment. While separating, the cut joints are secured against unintentional subsiding of the segments with steel chocks or timber chocks.

[0100] In step 204, a pad saw or a wire saw 2005 (FIG. 16) for the cuts between the subsequent concrete segments 120 is fastened to one side of the tower 102, and in step 205, a cut joint between two adjacent segments 120 is severed to the extent of approx. ⅔.

[0101] In step 206, the respective uppermost segment 120o is then lashed to a disassembly crane 2006 (wherein the lashing points of the segment to be lifted are optionally to be exposed), as is illustrated in FIG. 17. In the case of internally braced tendons, the adhesive of the segments is preferably also removed from the threaded sleeves and the thread of the sleeves optionally recut.

[0102] In step 207, the cut between the two adjacent tower segments 120 is finally completely severed. In step 208, the severed uppermost segment 120 can then be lifted by means of a crane 2006 and be deposited on a storage surface close to the tower, for example. Any connections which are potentially still present at vertical interfaces between sub-segments 122 can also be released on the ground.

[0103] Steps 205-208 are repeated according to the number of segments to be disassembled.

[0104] A schematic flowchart of a further exemplary embodiment of steps of a method 210 for disassembling the tower 102 of a wind power plant 100 is illustrated in FIG. 4. In this method 210, the tower disassembly of the individual segments is illustrated without cuts of a saw between the adjacent tower segments 120. This method 210 is particularly preferably able to be used when the tower 102 possesses externally guided tendons and a system joint which is in particular not adhesively bonded.

[0105] This method 210 can be used in particular in locations with the following conditions: open location, for example meadows or fields; forest location with limited available space; dyke location; location with utility lines such as, for example, gas lines, in the immediate vicinity; location with limitations as a result of denial of use of neighboring properties; nature reserve; drinking water protection zone; location with adjacent buildings; water-proximal location, for example with ditches, waterways, lakes in the immediate vicinity; mountainous location. This method 210 can furthermore particularly be used in prefabricated concrete towers having externally guided tendons and having dry joints, in particular system joints.

[0106] In a first step 211, the tendons 2008 (FIG. 18) are separated in the region of the tower base 102a, optionally after being previously relaxed, and preferably pulled out through the upper end 102b of the tower 102, and wound up using a drum-reeling apparatus 2007 which is illustrated in FIGS. 18 and 19, for example. The drum-reeling apparatus 2007 is configured as a tendon lowering apparatus by way of which the tendons 2008 during the erection of the tower 102 are lowered from above the tower top 102b down to the tower base 102a. Such a tendon lowering apparatus 2007 serves for receiving and transporting tendon drums 2009 and comprises an apparatus frame 2010, a switch cabinet 2011 and a drive 2012. The winding up of the externally guided tendons 2008 by means of such a drum-reeling apparatus 2007 has the advantage that the tendons 2008 are thus compactly stowed and able to be easily transported.

[0107] If required, a work platform 2001 can be disposed in the interior of the tower or on the outside of the tower 102.

[0108] In the next step 212, the respective uppermost tower segment 120o is lashed to a disassembly crane 2006, lifted and removed. This step is repeated according to the number of tower segments 120.

[0109] In a further step 213, the connections of sub-segments 122 at vertical interfaces of annular segments 121 can be separated on the ground.

[0110] In a further step 214, the segments 120 can then be optionally comminuted on-site, for example by means of a demolition excavator having demolition shears and a chisel. The concrete material here by way of a crusher plant can be crushed to a normal size and be reused in the construction of roads and paths, for example. The rebar steel as steel scrap likewise preferably goes for recycling.

[0111] In a last step 215, the disassembled concrete tower is then transported away. If the comminution of the segments has not taken place on site, the segments 120 are transported away and optionally comminuted at another location.

[0112] A schematic flowchart of a further exemplary embodiment of steps of a method 220 for disassembling a tower 102 of a wind power plant 100 using a demolition excavator is illustrated in FIG. 5. FIG. 20 shows a demolition excavator 2013 having a long front, or a telescopic arm 2014, respectively, when disassembling the tower; FIG. 21 shows hydraulically controlled demolition shears 2015.

[0113] This method 220 can be used in particular in locations with the following conditions: open location, for example meadows or fields; forest location with limited available space; dyke location; water-proximal location, for example with ditches, waterways, lakes in the immediate vicinity; mountainous location. This method 220 can furthermore particularly be used in towers of the following type: site-cast concrete tower; prefabricated concrete tower having internally guided tendons and having joints which are connected in a materially integral manner, in particular adhesively bonded; prefabricated concrete tower having internally guided tendons and dry joints, in particular system joints; prefabricated concrete tower having externally guided tendons and having joints which are connected in a materially integral manner, in particular adhesively bonded. With some limitations this method 220 is suitable in drinking water protection zones.

[0114] In a first step 221 of the method 220 a large area of the region about the tower 102 is cordoned off for safety reasons. The radius of the region to be cordoned off, in the case of the tower 102 which has a height of approx. 70 m (meters) and is to be disassembled, is approximately 30 m about the tower 102.

[0115] In step 222, the installed parts of the tower, with the exception of the access ladder and the lightning protection connection, which for reasons of safety will still remain in the tower for now, are removed prior to the disassembly.

[0116] Provided in step 223 is a demolition excavator 2013 having a long front 2014 and demolition shears 2015 disposed on the latter. In step 224, the tower segments 120 of the tower 102 are comminuted successively from the top to the bottom using said demolition excavator 2013.

[0117] In step 225, the rubble is subsequently separated on the ground and optionally further comminuted and then transported away.

[0118] Since demolition excavators 2013 are typically limited in terms of the operating height thereof, the method 220 illustrated here is preferably used in combination with other methods and technologies, in particular when the height of the tower to be disassembled exceeds the operating height of the demolition excavator. The height of the tower 102 that exceeds the operating height of the demolition excavator 2013, prior to the method 220 being used, is preferably first disassembled by using another method or by means of another technology.

[0119] A schematic flowchart of a further exemplary embodiment of steps of a method 230 for disassembling a tower 102 of a wind power plant 100 using a cable excavator is illustrated in FIG. 6.

[0120] This method 230 can be used in particular in locations with the following conditions: open location, for example meadows or fields; forest location with limited available space; dyke location; water-proximal location, for example with ditches, waterways, lakes in the immediate vicinity; mountainous location. This method 230 can furthermore particularly be used in towers of the following type: site-cast concrete tower; prefabricated concrete tower having internally guided tendons and having joints which are connected in a materially integral manner, in particular adhesively bonded; prefabricated concrete tower having internally guided tendons and dry joints, in particular system joints; prefabricated concrete tower having externally guided tendons and having joints which are connected in a materially integral manner, in particular adhesively bonded. With some limitations this method 230 is suitable in drinking water protection zones.

[0121] In step 231, a large area of the region about the tower 102 is first cordoned off for safety reasons. The radius of the region to be cordoned off, in the case of a tower which has a height of 70 m and is to be disassembled, is approx. 30 m about the tower 102.

[0122] In step 232, all installed parts of the tower with the exception of the access ladder and the lightning protection connection, which remain in the tower 102 for safety reasons, are then first to be removed prior to the disassembly.

[0123] In the next step 233, a cable excavator having demolition shears 2015 which by way of a hook block are fastened to the lattice boom of the cable excavator is to be provided. In step 234, the tower segments 120 of the tower 102 are comminuted successively from the top to the bottom using said demolition shears 2015.

[0124] In step 235, the rubble is subsequently separated on the ground and optionally further comminuted and then transported away.

[0125] Since cable excavators are also typically limited in terms of the operating height thereof, the method 230 illustrated here is preferably used in combination with other methods and technologies, in particular when the height of the tower to be disassembled exceeds the operating height of the cable excavator. The height of the tower 102 that exceeds the operating height of the cable excavator, prior to the method 230 being used, is preferably first disassembled by another method or by means of another technology.

[0126] A schematic flowchart of a further exemplary embodiment of steps of a method 240 for disassembling a tower 102 of a wind power plant 100 by felling and detonating is illustrated in FIG. 7.

[0127] This method 240 can be used in particular in locations with the following conditions: open location, for example meadows or fields; mountainous location. This method 240 can furthermore particularly be used in towers of the following type: site-cast concrete tower; prefabricated concrete tower having internally guided tendons and joints which are connected in a materially integral manner, in particular adhesively bonded; prefabricated concrete tower having internally guided tendons and dry joints, in particular system joints.

[0128] In a first step 241 here, a fall zone bed 2016 is first established, wherein—depending on the construction ground to be encountered—the topsoil has to be cleared, the area to be drained and sand ribs 2017 for damping the impact of the tower 102 optionally have to be established (FIG. 22). Corresponding cordoning-off over a large area is of course also preferred here.

[0129] In a further step 242, the tower base 102a is then pre-weakened by a notch cut 2018, as can be seen in FIG. 23.

[0130] In a further step 243, detonation charges are placed in drill holes in the region to be detonated and ignited. A defined region here is blasted out of the tower base 102a, and the tower 102 falls in the direction of the prepared fall zone bed 2016, as is illustrated in FIG. 24. The felled tower 102 can be seen in FIG. 25. Accompanying vibration measurements are preferably to be carried out in the vicinity, this assisting supervision and providing documentation in the event of any potential damage.

[0131] In a further step 244, the rubble is separated on the ground in order for said rubble to be able to be recycled, and transported away.

[0132] A schematic flowchart of a further exemplary embodiment of steps of a method 250 for disassembling a tower 102 of a wind power plant 100 by means of an impact ball is illustrated in FIG. 8.

[0133] This method 250 can be used in particular in locations with the following conditions: open location, for example meadows or fields; water-proximal location, for example with ditches, waterways, lakes in the immediate vicinity; mountainous location. This method 250 can furthermore particularly be used in towers of the following type: site-cast concrete tower; prefabricated concrete tower having internally guided tendons and joints which are connected in a materially integral manner, in particular adhesively bonded; prefabricated concrete tower having internally guided tendons and dry joints, in particular system joints; prefabricated concrete tower having externally guided tendons and having joints which are connected in a materially integral manner, in particular adhesively bonded. With some limitations this method 250 is suitable for drinking water protection zones.

[0134] In this method 250, a large area of the region about the tower 102 is also to be cordoned off for safety reasons in a first step 251.

[0135] In a further step 252 all installed parts of the tower 102, with the exception of the access ladder and the lightning protection connection, which remain in the tower for safety reasons, are to be removed. In a step 253, a lattice boom crane 2033 having an impact weight is then to be provided.

[0136] The actual disassembly takes place in step 254, wherein the impact ball 2020, which is attached to a cable 2019 on the crane hook, is horizontally deflected by a second cable and, once released, impacts the tower 102 (cf. FIG. 26). The concrete by virtue of the high weight of the impact ball 2020 here is released from the reinforcement and is then loosened out of the tower 102 piece by piece, as a result of which pieces of the concrete tower with a length of approx. 8 m can be brought to topple, which can likewise be seen in FIG. 26.

[0137] Here too, in a further step 255, the rubble is separated on the ground so as to make it suitable for recycling or disposal, and is subsequently transported away.

[0138] A schematic flowchart of a further exemplary embodiment of steps of a method 260 for disassembling a tower 102 of a wind power plant 100 using a tower-based demolition tool is illustrated in FIG. 9.

[0139] This method 260 can be used in particular in locations with the following conditions: open location, for example meadows or fields; forest location with limited available space; dyke location; location with utility lines such as, for example, gas lines, in the immediate vicinity; location with limitations as a result of denial of use of neighboring properties; drinking water protection zone; location with adjacent buildings; water-proximal location, for example with ditches, waterways, lakes in the immediate vicinity; mountainous location. This method 260 can furthermore particularly be used in towers of the following type: site-cast concrete tower; prefabricated concrete tower having internally guided tendons and having joints which are connected in a materially integral manner, in particular adhesively bonded; prefabricated concrete tower having internally guided tendons and dry joints, in particular system joints. With some limitations this method 260 is suitable for nature reserves. With some limitations this method is likewise suitable for prefabricated concrete towers having externally guided tendons and having joints which are connected in a materially integral manner, in particular adhesively bonded.

[0140] Here too, in a first step 261, all installed parts of the tower 102 with the exception of the access ladder and the lightning protection connection, which remain in the tower 102 for safety reasons, are to be removed prior to the disassembly. Because the rubble in the method 260 described here mainly falls into the interior of the tower, cordoning off the region about the tower 102 can optionally relate to a smaller area in comparison to other methods.

[0141] In an optional step 262, a lateral work platform from which the demolition tool is controlled is assembled. Alternatively, the demolition tool can optionally also be controlled from the ground.

[0142] In a further step 263, the tower-based demolition tool, such as, for example, a demolition robot or a walking excavator 2021, respectively, (FIGS. 27 and 29) is placed on the upper end 102b of the tower 102 by a crane. Such a demolition robot or walking excavator 2021, respectively, is equipped with demolition shears 2015 or, for example, a chisel 2022, and can be fastened to the upper end 102b of the tower 102 by means of outriggers 2023 on the tower wall, as can be seen in FIGS. 27 and 29.

[0143] The tower-based demolition tool preferably follows the tower 102 along the vertical axis of the latter, preferably in a self-acting manner. An example to this end is shown in FIGS. 30 to 32. In the variant as per FIG. 31 the tower-based demolition tool 2024a has approximately two, or a plurality of, chains or cables 2025 which are placed about the circumference of the tower, which by means of a device are tensioned about the circumference of the tower 102 and are released in an alternating manner, and relocated in the vertical axis of the tower 102. As a result of such alternating bracing, the tower-based demolition tool 2024a holds its position on the existing tower 102 preferably by means of a friction-fit and/or a form-fit (in particular by virtue of the conical construction shape of the tower 102) and as a result of the second cable 2025, which is relocatable in the vertical axis, the tower-based demolition tool 2024a can move upward on the tower 102.

[0144] In the variant as per FIG. 32 the tower-based demolition tool 2024b has a steel construction 2026 having a mounting. Drives 2027 which are impinged with a corresponding contact pressure and follow the contour of the tower 102 are provided here. The three-point mounting here encompasses the circumference of the tower 102 to an extent of more than 180°, as can be seen in FIG. 32.

[0145] A tower-based demolition tool 2024, 2024a, 2024b at the beginning of the disassembly works thus preferably moves from the tower base 102a (FIG. 30) up to the upper rim 102b of the tower 102 and from there begins the comminution of the tower segments 120, for example by means of demolition shears 2015 or a chisel 2022.

[0146] In the next step 264, the tower 102 by way of the demolition shears 2015 or, for example, a chisel 2022, is subtracted piece by piece from the top to the bottom. In a step 265, the rubble accumulating in the interior of the tower can subsequently be removed, conjointly with the lower tower end, using an excavator on the ground. Here too, the rubble in a last step 266 is separated on the ground so as to be able to be recycled or disposed of, and transported away.

[0147] A schematic flowchart of a further exemplary embodiment of steps of a method 270 for disassembling a tower 102 of a wind power plant 100 using thermal separation, in particular using an oxygen lance, is illustrated in FIG. 10. The method 270 described here likewise enables a deconstruction in segments in which entire segments 120 are lifted from the tower 102 and is furthermore particularly also suitable for towers 102 having internally guided tendons.

[0148] This method 270 can be used in particular in locations with the following conditions: open location, for example meadows or fields; location with utility lines such as, for example, gas lines, in the immediate vicinity; location with limitations as a result of denial of use of neighboring properties; water-proximal location, for example with ditches, waterways, lakes in the immediate vicinity. This method 260 can furthermore particularly be used in towers of the following type: prefabricated concrete tower having internally guided tendons and joints which are connected in a materially integral manner, in particular adhesively bonded; prefabricated concrete tower having internally guided tendons and dry joints, in particular system joints; prefabricated concrete tower having externally guided tendons and having joints which are connected in a materially integral manner, in particular adhesively bonded. With some limitations this method 260 is suitable for drinking water protection zones. With some restrictions this method 260 is likewise suitable for site-cast concrete towers.

[0149] Here too, in a first step 271, the installed parts of the tower 102, with the exception of the access ladder and the lightning protection connection which remain in the tower for safety reasons, are to be removed prior to the disassembly.

[0150] In a step 272, a work platform is preferably provided at the upper end of the tower. This work platform preferably travels further downward as the disassembly of the tower progresses and the height of the tower thus decreases. In a step 273, a thermal separation of the internally guided tendons is carried out, preferably from this work platform, for example by means of an oxygen lance 2028 (FIG. 33). In most instances, no progressive cutting procedure takes place here, but the individual tendons are separated by a plurality of drill holes, wherein the plurality of drill holes when lined up form a separating perforation 2100 (FIG. 34). The webs 2102 that remain between the drill holes 2101 in the case of mineral materials have a brittle glass structure and are easy to separate.

[0151] In a further step 274, the respective uppermost tower segment 120o, in particular once the latter has been severed to the extent of approximately ⅔, is lashed to a disassembly crane. In a further step 275, a, preferably hydraulic, splitting apparatus 2029 (FIG. 35) by way of which the uppermost segment 120o is severed from the underlying segment is then severed.

[0152] In a further step 276, the uppermost segment 120o is lifted by the crane and deposited on a storage surface close to the tower, for example. Any connections which are potentially still present at vertical interfaces between sub-segments 122 can also be released on the ground.

[0153] Steps 273 to 276 are repeated according to the number of segments 120 to be disassembled.

[0154] A schematic flowchart of a further exemplary embodiment of steps of a method 280 for disassembling the tower 102 of a wind power plant 100 using high-pressure water jet cutting is illustrated in FIG. 11. The method 280 described here likewise enables a deconstruction in segments, in which entire segments 120 are lifted from the tower 102, and is furthermore particularly suitable also for towers 102 having internally guided tendons.

[0155] This method 280 can be used in particular in locations with the following conditions: open location, for example meadows or fields; dyke location; location with utility lines such as, for example, gas lines, in the immediate vicinity. This method 280 can furthermore particularly be used in towers of the following type: prefabricated concrete tower having internally guided tendons and having joints which are connected in a materially integral manner, in particular adhesively bonded; prefabricated concrete tower having internally guided tendons and dry joints, in particular system joints; prefabricated concrete tower having externally guided tendons and having joints which are connected in a materially integral manner, in particular adhesively bonded. With some limitations this method 280 is suitable in locations having the following conditions: nature reserve; mountainous location. With some limitations this method 280 is likewise suitable for site-cast concrete towers.

[0156] Here too, in a first step 281, the installed parts of the tower 102, with the exception of the access ladder and the lightning protection connection which remain in the tower for safety reasons, are to be removed prior to the disassembly.

[0157] In a step 282, a work platform is preferably provided at the upper end of the tower. This work platform preferably travels further downward as the disassembly of the tower progresses and the height of the tower thus decreases. In a step 283, a separation of the internally guided tendons takes place by means of high-pressure water jet cutting, preferably from this work platform. A schematic diagram of the nozzle system when high-pressure water jet cutting using abrasive materials is illustrated in FIG. 28. The highly pressurized water is identified by the reference sign 1001, while the clean water nozzle is identified by the reference sign 1002. The abrasive materials are supplied to the abrasive focus nozzle 1004 by way of the supply line 1003. The cutting jet 1006 exceeds the nozzle system 1000 at the guide 1005 and impacts the material 1007 to be cut, the latter being penetrated by the cutting jet 1006.

[0158] In a further step 284, the respective uppermost tower segment 120o, in particular once the latter has been severed to the extent of approximately ⅔, is lashed to a disassembly crane and then completely severed.

[0159] In a further step 285, the uppermost segment 120o is then lifted by the crane and deposited on a storage surface close to the tower, for example. Any connections which are potentially still present at vertical interfaces between sub-segments 122 can also be released on the ground.

[0160] Steps 283 to 285 are repeated according to the number of segments 120 to be disassembled.

[0161] A schematic flowchart of a further exemplary embodiment of steps of a method 300 for disassembling a foundation of a tower 102 of a wind power plant 100 is illustrated in FIG. 12. Disassembling a foundation 103 of a wind power plant 100 is typically required only when no reconstruction of a plant of identical or similar construction is envisaged at the location, the foundation 103 potentially being able to be reutilized in this reconstruction. In the case of reuse, the foundation surface would be cleaned by means of high-pressure water jet methods and optionally, while compressing the tendons, the connection between the tendon and the foundation would be released with the aid of core drilling, the tendons extracted from the foundation, and the casing tubes in the foundation cleaned.

[0162] When the foundation 103 can the longer be utilized, the latter can be fully or partially disassembled or deconstructed, respectively, optionally down to a specific depth. Here too, the specific measures for disassembling the foundation 103 are preferably individually established depending on the characteristics of the foundation 103 and the location, as has been described at the outset.

[0163] In a first step 301 the foundation 103 is externally exposed, and the foundation cover is removed. In a step 302 the foundation 103 is preferably comminuted, for example by means of a demolition excavator having demolition shears or a chisel, or by detonating for the purpose of loosening. In the variant using a demolition excavator it is preferable for the demolition excavator to be able to travel about the foundation 103 in an encircling manner.

[0164] In the variant of comminuting by detonating for the purpose of loosening, a plurality of drill holes, preferably in a grid pattern, are incorporated in the foundation. The grid pattern of the drill holes is in particular a function of the size of the foundation, the extent of reinforcement and the strength of the concrete. An explosive is incorporated in these drill holes, and the foundation is covered again, for example with plaster mats and soil. Once the explosive has been ignited, the cover is removed again and the foundation 103 is exposed. As a result of the detonation, the concrete is largely released from the reinforcement and can be conveyed out of the pit by means of excavators.

[0165] In a further step 304, the rubble is separated on the ground so as to be able to be recycled or disposed of, and transported away.

[0166] This method 300 in the variant having a demolition excavator and demolition shears can be used in particular in locations with the following conditions: open location, for example meadows or fields; forest location with limited available space; dyke location; location with utility lines such as, for example, gas lines, in the immediate vicinity; location with limitations as a result of denial of use of neighboring properties; nature reserve; drinking water protection zone; location with adjacent buildings; water-proximal location, for example with ditches, waterways, lakes in the immediate vicinity; mountainous location. This method 300 in the variant with detonating for the purpose of loosening can be used in particular in locations with the following conditions: open location, for example meadows or fields; forest location with limited available space; location with limitations as a result of denial of use of neighboring properties; drinking water protection zone; mountainous location. This method 300 in the variant with a demolition excavator and demolition shears, and in the variant with detonating for the purpose of loosening, can furthermore be used so as to be fundamentally independent of the type of the (remaining part) of the tower, thus in particular in towers of the following type: site-cast concrete tower; prefabricated concrete tower having internally guided tendons and having joints which are connected in a materially integral manner; prefabricated concrete tower having internally guided tendons and dry joints, in particular system joints; prefabricated concrete tower having externally guided tendons and having joints which are connected in a materially integral manner, in particular adhesively bonded; prefabricated concrete tower having externally guided tendons and having dry joints, in particular system joints.