DEVICE AND METHOD FOR OPEN-LOOP OR CLOSED-LOOP CONTROL OF A MOVEMENT OF A DIE CUSHION OF A DIE CUSHION PRESS

Abstract

In summary, the invention relates to a device and method for open-loop or closed-loop control of a movement of a die cushion of a die cushion press. The device has a control value encoder (11), a speed controller (12), a current controller (13), and a motor control device (14) for providing a nominal current for an electrical drive (15) of a fluid-hydraulic motor pump unit (20) for moving a die cushion of a die cushion press. The control value encoder (11) is provided in order to calculate a setpoint speed based on a die cushion control value command and a die cushion information. The speed controller (12) calculates a setpoint current based on the setpoint speed. The current controller (13) calculates a control signal based on the setpoint current, and the motor control device (14) calculates the nominal current based on the control current. In this respect, the dynamics of the control of the electrical machine can be improved.

Claims

1. Device for open-loop or closed-loop control of a movement of a die cushion of a die cushion press, comprising: a control value encoder; a speed controller; a current controller; and a motor control device for providing a nominal current for an electrical drive of a fluid-hydraulic motor pump unit for moving a die cushion of a die cushion press, wherein the control value encoder is provided in order to calculate a setpoint speed based on a die cushion control value command and a die cushion information, wherein the speed controller is provided in order to calculate a setpoint current based on the setpoint speed, wherein the speed controller uses a setpoint speed which comprises velocity as a disturbance variable, wherein the current controller is provided in order to calculate a control signal based on the setpoint current, and wherein the motor control device is provided in order to calculate the nominal current based on the control signal.

2. Device according to claim 1, wherein the calculation of the setpoint speed is provided based on a drawing punch information detected by a drawing punch detector.

3. Device according to claim 1, wherein the control value encoder comprises a position controller, a velocity controller, or a force controller.

4. Device according to claim 1, which comprises a current detector for detecting the nominal current of the electrical drive, wherein the current controller uses a setpoint current which is a difference from the setpoint current and the feedback of the nominal current of the electrical drive as detected by the current detector.

5. Device according to claim 1, which comprises a speed sensor for detecting an instantaneous speed of the electrical drive, wherein the speed controller uses a setpoint speed which is a difference from the setpoint speed and the feedback of the instantaneous speed of the electrical drive as detected by the speed sensor.

6. (canceled)

7. Device according to claim 1, wherein the setpoint speed of the control value encoder is proportional to the increase in force or pressure within the die cushion press.

8. Method for open-loop or closed-loop control of a movement of a die cushion of a die cushion press, comprising the steps of: receiving a die cushion control value command and a die cushion information via a the control value encoder; calculation of a setpoint speed by the control value encoder, based on the received die cushion control value command and the die cushion information, and wherein the speed controller uses a setpoint speed which comprises velocity as a disturbance variable; calculation of a setpoint current by the speed controller, based on the calculated setpoint speed; calculation of a control signal by the current controller, based on the calculated setpoint current; and calculation of a nominal current by a motor control device, based on the calculated control signal, in order to provide a nominal current for an electrical drive of a fluid-hydraulic motor pump unit for moving a die cushion of a die cushion press.

9. Method according to claim 8, wherein the setpoint speed is calculated based on a drawing punch information detected by a drawing punch detector.

10. Method according to claim 8, wherein the current controller uses a setpoint current which is a difference from the setpoint current and the feedback of the nominal current of the electrical drive as detected by a current detector.

11. Method according to claim 8, wherein the speed controller uses a setpoint speed, which is a difference from the setpoint speed and the feedback of the instantaneous speed of the electrical drive as detected by a speed sensor.

12. (canceled)

13. Die cushion press containing a device according to claim 1.

Description

[0038] The present invention is explained in more detail below using the exemplary embodiments specified in schematic Figures of the drawings.

[0039] Shown are:

[0040] FIG. 1 a schematic block diagram illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention for open-loop or closed-loop control of a movement of a die cushion of a die cushion press;

[0041] FIG. 2 a schematic flow chart illustrating a possible exemplary embodiment of a method according to the invention for open-loop or closed-loop control of a movement of a die cushion of a die cushion press;

[0042] FIG. 3a-3d a diagram for explaining the force control in a deep drawing cycle, including disturbance variable entry, in a possible embodiment of a device according to the invention for open-loop or closed-loop control of a movement of a die cushion of a die cushion press.

[0043] The accompanying drawings are intended to impart a further understanding of embodiments of the invention. They illustrate embodiments and, in conjunction with the description, serve to explain principles and concepts of the invention. Other embodiments and many of the aforementioned advantages result with regard to the drawings. The elements of the drawings are not necessarily shown to scale relative to one another.

[0044] In Figures of the drawing, identical, functionally identical, and identically acting elements, features, and components are respectively provided with the same reference signs, insofar as is not stated otherwise.

[0045] FIG. 1 shows a block diagram illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention for open-loop or closed-loop control of a movement of a die cushion of a die cushion press.

[0046] Shown in FIG. 1 is the device 10 comprising a control circuit for closed-loop control of a die cushion press, with a cascade circuit of a control value encoder 11, a speed controller 12, a current controller 13, and a motor control device 14. The control value encoder 11 can be designed as a position controller, velocity controller, or as a force controller.

[0047] In an advantageous embodiment, the control value encoder 11, for example a force controller, receives as a control variable a difference from a die cushion information, for example the setpoint force F.sub.S and an actual force F.sub.I, in the power operating mode or the actual deep drawing process of the die cushion press. The setpoint force F.sub.S is the reference variable (setpoint value). The actual force F.sub.I comprises a drawing punch information and results from the difference of the forces corresponding to the pressure in the two chambers of the hydraulic cylinder. The force results from the measured pressure and the area of the corresponding chamber of the hydraulic cylinder. The actual force F.sub.I results from the difference because both chambers of the hydraulic cylinder have a reciprocal effect with respect to one another. The pressure in the respective chamber is determined via a drawing punch detector 16 and 19.

[0048] The drawing punch detector 16, 19 is a pressure sensor, for example. The pressure sensors provided in the hydraulic cylinder can be used as the pressure sensor, for example.

[0049] In an alternative embodiment, the drawing punch detector 16, 19 is designed as a force-measuring cell.

[0050] In a further alternative embodiment, the drawing punch detector 16, 19 is designed as a position sensor, for example an acceleration sensor.

[0051] The control variable provided to the control value encoder 11 results from the difference of the setpoint force F.sub.S and the actual force F.sub.I. The control value encoder 11 provides a setpoint speed n.sub.S to the speed controller 12. The reference variable provided to the speed controller 12 is a difference from the setpoint speed n.sub.S provided by the control value encoder 11, the instantaneous speed (actual speed) n.sub.I, and the disturbance variable 30. As a result, the speed controller 12 provides a setpoint current I.sub.S to the current controller 13.

[0052] The reference variable provided to the current controller 13 is a difference from the setpoint current I.sub.S provided by the speed controller 12 and the actual current I.sub.S. Based on the reference variable provided by the speed controller 12, the current controller 13 provides a control signal for controlling the motor control device 14.

[0053] The control signal may comprise a pulse width-modulated voltage, for example. The motor control device 14, for example a frequency converter, converts the pulse width-modulated voltage into a nominal current for operating the electrical machine 15 to drive the motor pump unit 20. The nominal current is hereby the electrical amperage received by the electrical drive 15 during operation of the motor pump unit 20 and die cushion press, based on the control signal provided to the motor control device 14. The electrical drive 15 is a three-phase AC motor, for example. The motor pump unit 20 provides the hydraulic energy for operating the die cushion press.

[0054] A current detector 17 is connected to the output of motor control device 14. The current detector 17 determines the electrical amperage in the three phases of the electrical drive 15, and provides the determined electrical amperage via feedback to the current controller 13 in order to calculate a control signal. The value of the electrical amperage at the three phases of the electrical drive 15 is determined via the current detector 17. For this purpose, current detectors 17 present at the electrical drive 15 can be used to determine the actual current I.sub.S and to return it to the current controller 13 for further processing. This simplifies deriving the actual speed of the electrical drive 15, and thus dynamically configuring the closed-loop control or the system to be controlled. In addition, the control bandwidth in the system is increased.

[0055] In an alternative embodiment, the control signal for the electrical drive can be provided by an open-loop control via a controlled current at the current controller 13.

[0056] A speed sensor 18 is connected to the electric drive 15 of the motor pump unit 20. The speed sensor 18 determines the instantaneous speed n.sub.I of the electrical drive 15, and provides the determined instantaneous speed n.sub.I via feedback to the speed controller 12 in order to calculate a setpoint current I.sub.S. Conventional speed sensors 12 that, for example are already provided at the electrical drive 15 can be used to determine the speed of the electrical drive 15. An additional closed-loop control of the speed can advantageously increase the dynamics of the current regulation in the inner loop of the overall control of the electrical drive 15.

[0057] In an alternative embodiment, the electrical drive 15 can be controlled via a controlled rotary field by means of the speed sensor already provided at the electrical drive 15.

[0058] The disturbance variable 30 is taken into account in order to calculate the control variable for the rotary controller 12. The velocity is entered as disturbance variable 30. In particular, during the drawing operation (the velocity of the die cushion can be activated as a disturbance variable for the force control. This velocity is measured at the die cushion or is dictated by the velocity of the ram in this phase, and is thus known. If the output signal of the force control is a speed, the known die cushion velocity variable can advantageously be entered in the control circuit as a disturbance variable, and thus ensures a further improvement of the force control.

[0059] FIG. 2 shows a schematic flow chart illustrating a possible exemplary embodiment of a method according to the invention for open-loop or closed-loop control of a movement of a die cushion of a die cushion press.

[0060] In the shown exemplary embodiment, the method comprises a plurality of steps. In a first step S1, a die cushion control value command and a die cushion information are received by the control value encoder 11. The die cushion information comprises the setpoint force F.sub.S, for example.

[0061] In a further step S2, a setpoint speed n.sub.S is calculated by the control value encoder 11 based on the received die cushion control value command and the die cushion information. The setpoint speed n.sub.S is calculated from the difference of the setpoint force F.sub.S and the actual force I.sub.S. The actual force I.sub.S is the difference from the products of the current pressure in the chambers of the hydraulic cylinder and the area of the hydraulic cylinders. The pressure in the chambers can be determined via the drawing punch detectors 16, 19, for example pressure sensors.

[0062] In one embodiment, the setpoint speed n.sub.S comprises a difference from the instantaneous speed n.sub.I fed back by the drive machine 15 and an entered disturbance variable, for example the velocity of the die cushion. The instantaneous speed n.sub.I of the electrical drive machine 15 is determined by a speed sensor 18.

[0063] In a further step S3, a setpoint current I.sub.S is calculated by the speed controller 12 based on the calculated setpoint speed n.sub.S. In one possible embodiment, the setpoint current I.sub.S comprises the difference between the setpoint current I.sub.S provided by the control value encoder 12 and the actual current I.sub.I provided by the motor control device 14 to the electrical drive 15. The actual current I.sub.I is provided by a feedback. The electrical amperage of the actual current I.sub.I is determined by a current detector, for example.

[0064] In a further step S4, a control signal is calculated by the current controller 13 based on the setpoint current I.sub.S provided by the speed controller 12. The control signal may comprise a pulse width-modulated voltage, for example. In a further step S5, the motor control device 14, for example a frequency converter, converts the pulse width-modulated voltage into a nominal current to operate the electrical machine 15 for driving the fluid-hydraulic motor pump unit 20 to move a die cushion of a die cushion press.

[0065] FIGS. 3a to 3d show a diagram for explaining the force control in a deep drawing cycle, including disturbance variable entry, in a possible embodiment of a device according to the invention for open-loop or closed-loop control of a movement of a die cushion of a die cushion press.

[0066] A deep drawing operation is illustrated in FIGS. 3a to 3d, wherein the pre-acceleration of the die cushion has been activated. The measurement was performed with a simulation tool in order to prevent any damages caused by errors during commissioning. The test shown in FIGS. 3a to 3d shows a stable force control for the entire deep drawing stroke. The force build-up takes place without significant overshooting.

[0067] The rams and cylinder positions 1 to 4 of the die cushion are illustrated in FIG. 3a. The curves lie one behind another, and the cylinders move in parallel. The die cushion is actively pre-accelerated in the time range from 0 s to 1 s. At the point in time of 1 s, the ram strikes the die cushion and displaces it. The forming process takes place in the time range from 1 s to 7 s. At the point in time of 7 s, the ram moves upward while the die cushion remains in the pressing position. The formed part can be removed (see time range of 7 s to 10 s). Over the period from 10 s to 13 s, the die cushion cylinders return to the initial position. The new form part can be inserted.

[0068] The velocity of the die cushion cylinders 1-4 and the velocity of the ram are shown in FIG. 3b. In the time range from 0 s to 1 s, the drawing cylinders are pre-accelerated. Furthermore, a relative velocity prevails between the ram and the die cushion cylinder. At the point in time of 1 s, the ram and die cushion come into contact. As of the time range from 1 s to 7 s, the die cushion is displaced by the ram; the velocity of the ram and die cushion are therefore identical.

[0069] FIG. 3c shows the force at the drawing cylinders, as calculated from the chamber pressures. This force represents the controlled variable during the drawing process in the time range from 1 s to 7 s. FIG. 3c shows the control quality of the force control given a constant setpoint value of 250 kN per cylinder. The actual force thereby almost ideally follows the setpoint profile, even though the die cushion cylinder is moving (see FIG. 3b). This force control quality can only be achieved due to the force control by means of the speed specification according to the present invention, because the entry of the control disturbance variable (velocity of the cylinder) can only be realized in this way. Moreover, occurring hydraulic mechanical losses, for example friction, are corrected by the speed specification of the force controller.

[0070] FIG. 3d shows the pressures on the A side and B side of the draw cushion cylinders. The respective output force of the draw cylinders can be calculated from the respective pressures over the area of the draw cylinder (see FIG. 3c).

[0071] In summary, the invention relates to a device and method for open-loop or closed-loop control of a movement of a die cushion of a die cushion press. The device has a control value encoder (11), a speed controller (12), a current controller (13), and a motor control device (14) for providing a nominal current for an electrical drive (15) of a fluid-hydraulic motor pump unit (20) for moving a die cushion of a die cushion press. The control value encoder (11) is provided in order to calculate a setpoint speed based on a die cushion control value command and a die cushion information. The speed controller (12) calculates a setpoint current based on the setpoint speed. The current controller (13) calculates a control signal based on the setpoint current, and the motor control device (14) calculates the nominal current based on the control current.

[0072] In this respect, the dynamics of the control of the electrical machine can be improved.

LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

[0073] 10 Device [0074] 11 Control value encoder [0075] 12 Speed controller [0076] 13 Current controller [0077] 14 Motor control device [0078] 15 Electrical drive [0079] 16 Drawing punch detector [0080] 17 Current detector [0081] 18 Speed sensor [0082] 19 Drawing punch detector [0083] 20 Motor pump unit [0084] 30 Disturbance variable [0085] 100 Method [0086] S1-S4 Method steps